CN102636630A - Large unsaturated seepage physical simulator for soil in aerated zone - Google Patents
Large unsaturated seepage physical simulator for soil in aerated zone Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an unsaturated seepage physical simulator for soil in an aerated zone. The unsaturated seepage physical simulator comprises a tested soil tank, a supplementing and draining system and a measuring system, the tested soil is contained in the tested soil tank, the supplementing and draining system consists of a lateral supplementing and draining unit, a bottom supplementing and draining unit and a top supplementing and draining unit, the lateral supplementing and draining unit consists of a water supplementing device and a water draining device which are respectively mounted on two side walls of the tested soil tank, the top supplementing and draining unit consists of a rainfall device, an evaporation device and an accumulated water infiltration device, and the measuring system comprises a soil solute measuring unit, a soil moisture measuring unit, a soil water potential measuring unit and an underground water level measuring unit. The large unsaturated seepage physical simulator for the soil in the aerated zone not only can sufficiently simulate various conditions of soil in the aerated zone, but also is convenient in measurement and low in errors.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of large-scale aeration zone soil unsaturated seepage physical simulating device, be mainly used in soil water flow and solute transfer process under the different row of benefit of the simulation condition, belong to hydrogeological research field.
Background technology
The arable area of China constantly reduces, because bad irrigation and fresh water lack, makes soil that serious secondary salinization of soil takes place especially in recent years, is threatening the sustainable development of agricultural, is threatening the grain demand of China's 21 centurys 1,400,000,000 population especially.Major issue in the current agricultural production---the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching and prevent that salt accumulation, the regulation and control holard salt from then being one of this very corn of a subject with the requirement that adapts to crop, the maintenance of soil nutrient etc.Be appreciated that this key problem, the soil water flow of different benefit row conditions and the research of solute transfer just seem particularly important.It is that the research soil salinization takes place and the theoretical foundation of improvement, be again arid, the semiarid zone is agriculture and the main theory of ecologic environment, geologic media protection and land management according to one of.As the research method of this type of problem, the indoor physical simulation appearance has lot of advantages, and as the main tool of physical simulation, the groundwater simulation device affects the development in PHYSICAL MODELING OF IN field, in recent years, has emerged in large numbers the device of large quantities of these types both at home and abroad.
For example, by the indoor one dimension earth pillar of forefathers development, it can simulation package band of gas soil unsaturated seepage, can simulate the one dimension hydrodynamic dispersion, but this instrument can only be simulated one dimension and flowed; The trough for simulating groundwater pollution of and for example developing by forefathers; This device can be simulated the solute transfer process in a plurality of water-bearing zones, also can simulate two-dimentional soil water flow, but its size is too little; Can not simulate open-air actual conditions fully, on-line monitoring when can not carry out multiple parameter.
Reflect that from former study there is following several defective in present aeration zone soil unsaturated seepage physical simulating device: 1, yardstick is little; Its limit wall is big to soil water flow and solute transfer process influence; It is representative to make that test lacks, and also is difficult to satisfy the boundary condition of model; 2, seepage field is too little, and aeration zone hydrology geologic condition that can not Simulation of Complex can not reflect open-air true geologic condition more accurately; Measure and on-line monitoring when 3, can not accomplish multiple parameter; 4, can not carry out modeling effort simultaneously to unsaturation band seepage flow and solute transfer.
In recent years; Every field all attempts using the physical simulating method analysis to solve practical problems; And aeration zone soil unsaturated seepage is that research and the core theory that solves vadose water literary composition geologic media geological problem are basic, and structure is a vadose water physiographic geology physical simulation Development Trend near the large scale complicacy physical model of open-air true hydrogeological condition more.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of large-scale aeration zone soil unsaturated seepage physical simulating device, not only solved above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, and its mensuration is convenient, error is little.
Realize that the technical scheme that above-mentioned purpose of the present invention adopted is:
A kind of large-scale aeration zone soil unsaturated seepage physical simulating device; At least comprise soil bin, mend heat-extraction system and measuring system; Soil bin inside is loaded with test soil; Described benefit heat-extraction system comprises that the side direction benefit is arranged the unit, the bottom mends the row unit and the top benefit is arranged the unit, and side direction benefit row is made up of the water replanishing device and the drainage arrangement that are installed on respectively on the soil bin two side unit, and wherein water replanishing device and drainage arrangement include tank, filter screen and water tank; Filter screen is positioned at soil bin and contacts with test soil; Tank is between the inwall of filter screen and soil bin, and water tank is installed on the outer wall of soil bin and its height can be regulated, and water tank is communicated with tank through water pipe; The bottom is mended the row unit and is comprised water service pipe and connecting pipe, and the two ends of water service pipe are respectively equipped with water inlet switch and effluent switch, and connecting pipe is provided with one at least, and an end of connecting pipe is communicated with water service pipe, and the other end of connecting pipe is communicated with the bottom of soil bin; The top is mended the row unit and is comprised that rainer, vaporising device and ponding infiltrate device, and rainer comprises rainfall water tank and the rain controller that is covered in the soil bin top, and the rainfall water tank is communicated with rain controller through water pipe; Vaporising device comprises lamp socket, the lead that is positioned at the soil bin top and is installed on the infrared lamp on the lamp socket; Measuring system comprises soil solute measuring unit, soil moisture measurement unit, soil water potential measuring unit and underground water level measurement unit.
It is rectangular-shaped that soil bin is, and is welded by iron plate.
Water tank on water replanishing device and the drainage arrangement all is installed on the sidewall of soil bin through crane, and described crane is fixed on the sidewall of soil bin.
The connecting pipe that mend in the row unit bottom is provided with two; The bottom is mended on the row unit and also is provided with balance layer; Balance layer is positioned at the bottom of soil bin, and the top of balance layer is provided with filter screen, and balance layer contacts with test soil through filter screen; Described balance layer is made up of sandstone, and the particle diameter of sandstone from top to bottom increases gradually.
Rain controller is processed by organic glass, is provided with the water outlet syringe needle on the base plate of rain controller uniformly; Also include elevating lever in the rainer, the rainfall water tank is installed on the elevating lever.
Ponding infiltrate device comprise elevating lever, infiltrate water tank, flowmeter, infiltrate switch and graduated cylinder; The water tank that infiltrates is installed on the elevating lever; The water tank that infiltrates enters the mouth through the infiltration on water pipe and the soil bin and is communicated with; Water pipe is provided with flowmeter and infiltrates switch, and graduated cylinder is positioned at the below of the infiltration outlet on the soil bin, and described infiltration inlet and infiltration outlet all are positioned at the top of the upper surface of test soil.
Described soil solute measuring unit comprises solute component measuring device and solution concentration measurement mechanism, and the solute component measuring device mainly is made up of soil liquid ST and chemical analysis instrument; Soil liquid ST is made up of suction cup, sampling bottle, surge flask and vacuum pump, and four connect through silicone tube successively; Described suction cup is made up of ceramic head and polyester tube, and ceramic head is positioned at the inside of test soil, and the sidewall that polyester tube is passed soil bin is communicated with silicone tube, and the contact site of polyester tube and soil bin adopts seal with elastometic washer; The solution concentration measurement mechanism is by being positioned at the inner salt sub sensor of test soil and forming with the conductivity meter that the salt sub sensor is connected through lead.
The soil moisture measurement unit is made up of resistance measurement device and neutron scattering method measurement mechanism, and wherein the resistance measurement device is made up of plaster block and moisture teller, and plaster block is uniformly distributed in the test soil, and moisture teller is connected with plaster block through lead; Neutron scattering method measurement mechanism comprises soil moisture neutron appearance and surveys the pipe composition, surveys pipe and is provided with three, is uniformly distributed in the soil bin.
The soil water potential measuring unit comprises tensiometer pipe, electronic tensile meter, pressure transducer and data collecting instrument; The sidewall that first section of tensiometer pipe passes soil bin buries and fills in the test soil; And the head end of tensiometer pipe is the ceramic head of porous; The tail end of tensiometer pipe is provided with two connectors, and one of them connector is connected with pressure transducer, and pressure transducer is connected with data collecting instrument; Another connector is provided with rubber plug, and the probe on the electronic tensile meter can pass rubber plug and get into the direct tension force of measuring in the tensiometer pipe.
The underground water level measurement unit comprises 5 piezometric tube that are installed on the soil bin bottom uniformly, and an end of piezometric tube is positioned at the inside of soil bin.
Large-scale aeration zone soil unsaturated seepage physical simulating device provided by the invention has following advantage: 1, help the researcher better to understand related notion and solute transfer scheduling theory in the experiment of aeration zone unsaturated seepage, in process of the test, can improve researcher's manipulative ability through changing experiment condition.2, in practice, can measure infiltration coefficient and the dispersion coefficient etc. of the soil body, and can study of the influence of Different Irrigation method soil property.3, in scientific research, can further investigate the different solutions leaching to the influence of soil texture, interflow to the aeration zone soil body and phreatic influence; Also applicable to the parametric measurement in the aeration zone hydrological association area, like water pollution evaluation, seawater intrusion, water-saving irrigation etc.In a word, this instrument function of being with a wide range of applications and continuing to develop.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction synoptic diagram of large-scale aeration zone soil unsaturated seepage physical simulating device provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 mends the structural representation of row unit for side direction;
Fig. 3 mends the structural representation of row unit for the bottom;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of rainer;
Fig. 5 infiltrates the structural representation of device for ponding;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of soil liquid ST;
Among the figure: 1-soil bin, 2-water replanishing device, 3-drainage arrangement, 4-tank, 5-water tank, 6-crane; 7-mends the bottom row unit, 8-water service pipe, 9-connecting pipe, 10-balance layer, 11-filter screen, 12-rainer; The 13-rain controller, 14-rainfall water tank, 15-elevating lever, 16-vaporising device, 17-infrared lamp, 18-lamp socket; 19-lead, 20-ponding infiltrate device, and 21-infiltrates water tank, 22-flowmeter, 23-graduated cylinder, 24-piezometric tube; 25-soil liquid ST, 26-suction cup, 27-sampling bottle, 28-surge flask, 29-vacuum pump, 30-underground water level measurement unit; The 31-conductivity meter, 32-resistance measurement device, 33-neutron scattering method measurement mechanism, 34-plaster block, 35-moisture teller, 36-soil moisture neutron appearance; 37-surveys pipe, 38-soil water potential measuring unit, 39-tensiometer pipe, 40-electronic tensile meter, 41-pressure transducer, 42-data collecting instrument.
Embodiment
The present invention is done bright in detail specifically below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The one-piece construction synoptic diagram of large-scale aeration zone soil unsaturated seepage physical simulating device provided by the invention is as shown in Figure 1; At least comprise soil bin 1, mend heat-extraction system and measuring system; Soil bin 1 is rectangular-shaped; The iron plate thick by 0.5cm is welded, and the length of rectangular-shaped experiment soil box is respectively 3m, 1m, 4m.Soil bin 1 inside is loaded with test soil, and test(ing) medium is chosen the unconsolidated sediment of the Changjiang river valley flat, the impurity of test in the soil is screened out, and pack into soil box and compacting of layering then, every layer thickness 10～20cm, adorning soil thickness altogether is 3.6m.
The benefit heat-extraction system comprises that the side direction benefit is arranged the unit, the bottom mends row unit 7 and the top benefit is arranged the unit, and side direction benefit row is made up of with drainage arrangement 3 water replanishing device 2 that is installed on respectively on soil bin 1 two side unit, and its structure is as shown in Figure 2.Wherein water replanishing device 2 includes tank 4 and water tank 5 with drainage arrangement 3, and water tank 5 all is installed on the outer wall of soil bin 1 through crane 6 and its height can be regulated, and water tank 5 is communicated with tank 4 through water pipe; Described crane 6 is fixed on the sidewall of soil bin 1, and tank 4 is long and narrow, form by the inwall and filter screen 11 double teams of soil bin 1, and the inboard of tank 4 through filter screen 11 with test soil and contact.The tank in left side is used for simulating the feedwater rivers and canals, the tank simulation drainage river channel on right side; The water tank 5 in left side is used for the water level of stable feedwater rivers and canals, and the water tank 5 on right side is used for stablizing the water level of drainage river channel; But crane 6 free lifting water tanks 5 are used to change the water level of soil bin 1 both sides; Filter screen 11 mainly is not destroy soil texture to guarantee the stability of soil when guaranteeing moisture entering and discharge soil.
It is as shown in Figure 3 that the structure of arranging unit 7 is mended in the bottom, comprises water service pipe 8 and connecting pipe 9, and the two ends of water service pipe 8 are respectively equipped with water inlet switch and effluent switch, and connecting pipe 9 is provided with one at least, and connecting pipe 9 is provided with two in the present embodiment.One end of connecting pipe 9 is communicated with water service pipe 8, and the other end of connecting pipe 9 is communicated with the bottom of soil bin 1; The bottom is mended on the row unit 7 and also is provided with balance layer 10; Balance layer 10 is positioned at the bottom of soil bin 1, and the top of balance layer 10 is provided with filter screen 11, and balance layer 10 contacts with test soil through filter screen 11; Described balance layer 10 is made up of sandstone, and the particle diameter of sandstone from top to bottom increases gradually.The effect of balance layer 10 is that the level of guaranteed water level is gone up and down when mending draining, and balance layer 10 is followed successively by coarse sand, gravel grain, rubble from top to bottom, and the thickness of metalling is 10cm, and the particle diameter of rubble is 2～10cm; The thickness of gravel granulosa is 5cm, and the particle diameter of gravel grain is 0.2～2cm; The thickness of coarse sands layer is 5cm, and the particle diameter of coarse sand is 0.05～0.2cm.When water inlet switch, drainage switch were all closed, the bottom was mended row unit 7 and is not mended draining; When the water inlet switch unlatching, when drainage switch was closed, 7 water inlets of row unit were mended in the bottom; When water inlet switch is closed, when drainage switch was opened, row's unit 7 drainings were mended in the bottom.The effect of filter screen 11 is that moisture gets into, do not destroy when discharging soil soil texture.
The top is mended the row unit and is comprised that rainer 12, vaporising device 16 and ponding infiltrate device 20; The structure of described rainer 12 is as shown in Figure 4; Comprise rainfall water tank 14 and the rain controller 13 that is covered in soil bin 1 top, rainfall water tank 14 is communicated with rain controller 13 through water pipe.Rain controller 13 is processed its wide 1m, long 3m by organic glass.Be provided with 7500 water outlet syringe needles on the base plate of rain controller 13 uniformly; Also include elevating lever 15 in the rainer 12, rainfall water tank 14 is installed on the elevating lever 15 and the height of rainfall water tank 14 can be regulated.The effect of rainfall water tank 14 is to rain controller 13 provides stable current, regulates different water surface elevations through regulating the height of rainfall water tank 14 on elevating lever 15, to reach the purpose that changes rainfall intensity.
It is as shown in Figure 5 that ponding infiltrates the structure of device 20; Comprise elevating lever 15, infiltrate water tank 21, flowmeter 22, infiltrate switch and graduated cylinder 23; The water tank 21 that infiltrates is installed on the elevating lever 15 and its height can be regulated, and the water tank 21 that infiltrates is communicated with infiltration inlet on the soil bin 1 through water pipe, and water pipe is provided with the flowmeter 22 and the switch that infiltrates; Graduated cylinder 23 is positioned at the below of the infiltration outlet on the soil bin 1, and described infiltration inlet and infiltration outlet all are positioned at the top of the upper surface of test soil.Ponding infiltrates the main simulation of device 20 flood irrigation nourishment conditions, and its function is on the upper surface of test soil, to set up the water layer of a regime depth, and can continuous water supply with measure water percolating capacity down.Flowmeter 22 is used for measuring flow of inlet water; The effect of water tank 21 of infiltrating is to provide a stable water level, to guarantee that water stably flows into soil bin 1, and the accuracy and the reliability of dependable flow meter 22 simultaneously; Can adjust through elevating lever 15 and to infiltrate the height of water tank 21, to regulate the flow velocity of water; Spill-out when graduated cylinder 23 is used for measuring flood irrigation.
Measuring system comprises soil solute measuring unit, soil moisture measurement unit, soil water potential measuring unit 38 and underground water level measurement unit 30.Described soil solute measuring unit comprises solute component measuring device and solution concentration measurement mechanism, and the solute component measuring device mainly is made up of soil liquid ST 25 and chemical analysis instrument; The structure of soil liquid ST 25 is as shown in Figure 6, is made up of suction cup 26, sampling bottle 27, surge flask 28 and vacuum pump 29, and four connect through silicone tube successively; Described suction cup 26 is made up of ceramic head and polyester tube; Ceramic head is positioned at the inside of test soil; The sidewall that polyester tube is passed soil bin 1 is communicated with silicone tube, oozes out around ST in order to prevent moisture, and the contact site of polyester tube and soil bin 1 adopts seal with elastometic washer; In the present embodiment, polyester tube is equipped with 30 altogether.(usually≤50kPa), when the capillary pressure suction cup 26 in during less than the soil capillarity pipe pressure, the solution in the test soil just is inhaled into suction cup 26, till both are equal to apply certain negative pressure by 29 pairs of systems of vacuum pump during sampling.Take out the soil liquid that obtains in the sampling bottle 27, measure its composition by chemical analysis instrument.
The solution concentration measurement mechanism is by being positioned at the inner salt sub sensor of test soil and forming through the conductivity meter 31 that lead is connected with the salt sub sensor.Be employed in pre-buried contact salt sub sensor in the test soil, different according to the electric conductivity of the variable concentrations soil liquid, measure its electric conductivity value, pass through the conversion of calibration equation again after, can provide soil liquid concentration results.In the present embodiment, the salt sub sensor is inserted and is imbedded with the layering of test soil, buries 60 altogether underground.When measuring, connect wires on the conductivity meter 31, reading numerical values from the conductivity meter 31 can obtain the solution concentration of this place, salt sub sensor present position test soil through the calibration formula conversion.
The soil moisture measurement unit is made up of resistance measurement device 32 and neutron scattering method measurement mechanism 33; Wherein resistance measurement device 32 is made up of plaster block 34 and moisture teller 35; Plaster block 34 is uniformly distributed in the test soil; Be provided with 48 altogether, moisture teller 35 is connected with plaster block 34 through lead; Moisture teller 35 must calibration before use.During measurement, be connected the plaster block that to measure 34 with moisture teller 35, transform, can obtain the soil moisture content of plaster block 34 present positions through calculating.
Neutron scattering method measurement mechanism 33 comprises soil moisture neutron appearance 36 and surveys pipe 37 and form that survey is managed 37 and is provided with three, surveys pipe 37 and before filling out test soil, positions, and three surveys are managed 37 and are arranged in a row, and are uniformly distributed in the soil bin 1, and the length of surveying pipe 37 is 4m.Before the measurement, carry out on-site proving.During measurement, open soil moisture neutron appearance 36, use soil moisture neutron appearance 36 to obtain measurement result.
The function of soil water potential measuring unit 38 mainly is that the pore water pressure of soil when test is carried out changes in the monitoring soil box.Soil water potential measuring unit 38 comprises tensiometer pipe 39, electronic tensile meter 40, pressure transducer 41 and data collecting instrument 42; Tensiometer pipe 39 is provided with 60 altogether; The sidewall that first section of tensiometer pipe 39 passes soil bin 1 buries and fills in the test soil, and the head end of tensiometer pipe 39 is the ceramic head of porous, and the tail end of tensiometer pipe 39 is provided with two connectors; One of them connector is connected with pressure transducer 41, and pressure transducer 41 is connected with data collecting instrument 42; Another connector is provided with rubber plug, and the probe on the electronic tensile meter 40 can pass rubber plug and get into the direct tension force of measuring in the tensiometer pipe 39.The work of soil water potential measuring unit 38 absorbs the similar principle of moisture with root system of plant among the present invention from soil; When the minimizing of the moisture in the soil, when the flow of water reduces; The moisture that is embedded in the tensiometer pipe 39 in the soil can ooze out from the ceramic head of porous; Form certain vacuum tightness in the tensiometer pipe 39 at this moment,, just can reflect the variation of the flow of water in the test soil through measuring the vacuum tightness in the tensiometer pipe 39.During the experiment with measuring soil water potential, the probe of electronic tensile meter 40 inserts in the rubber plug entering tensiometer measures measured value.In addition, be connected to pressure transducer 41 on the data collecting instrument 42, this data collecting instrument 42 can write down the flow of water of each position in the soil automatically according to the time interval of setting.If be connected to data collecting instrument 42 on the computing machine again, can monitor the soil water potential of diverse location in the soil box on computers in real time.
Underground water level measurement unit 30 is used for the hydraulic Head Distribution situation in the confirmed test soil box 1, and underground water level measurement unit 30 comprises 5 piezometric tube 24, and the end that piezometric tube 24 is installed on bottom and the piezometric tube 24 of soil bin uniformly is positioned at the inside of soil bin 1.Among the present invention, can also observe the hydraulic Head Distribution situation in the soil bin 1 through the water level of observing water tank 5 in the side direction benefit row unit.
Claims (10)
1. one kind large-scale aeration zone soil unsaturated seepage physical simulating device; It is characterized in that: comprise soil bin at least, mend heat-extraction system and measuring system; Soil bin inside is loaded with test soil; Described benefit heat-extraction system comprises that the side direction benefit is arranged the unit, the bottom mends the row unit and the top benefit is arranged the unit, and side direction benefit row is made up of the water replanishing device and the drainage arrangement that are installed on respectively on the soil bin two side unit, and wherein water replanishing device and drainage arrangement include tank, filter screen and water tank; Filter screen is positioned at soil bin and contacts with test soil; Tank is between the inwall of filter screen and soil bin, and water tank is installed on the outer wall of soil bin and its height can be regulated, and water tank is communicated with tank through water pipe; The bottom is mended the row unit and is comprised water service pipe and connecting pipe, and the two ends of water service pipe are respectively equipped with water inlet switch and effluent switch, and connecting pipe is provided with one at least, and an end of connecting pipe is communicated with water service pipe, and the other end of connecting pipe is communicated with the bottom of soil bin; The top is mended the row unit and is comprised that rainer, vaporising device and ponding infiltrate device, and rainer comprises rainfall water tank and the rain controller that is covered in the soil bin top, and the rainfall water tank is communicated with rain controller through water pipe; Vaporising device comprises lamp socket, the lead that is positioned at the soil bin top and is installed on the infrared lamp on the lamp socket; Measuring system comprises soil solute measuring unit, soil moisture measurement unit, soil water potential measuring unit and underground water level measurement unit.
2. large-scale aeration zone soil unsaturated seepage physical simulating device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: soil bin is rectangular-shaped, is welded by iron plate.
3. large-scale aeration zone soil unsaturated seepage physical simulating device according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that: the water tank on water replanishing device and the drainage arrangement all is installed on the sidewall of soil bin through crane, and described crane is fixed on the sidewall of soil bin.
4. large-scale aeration zone soil unsaturated seepage physical simulating device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the connecting pipe that mend in the row unit bottom is provided with two, and the bottom is mended on the row unit and also is provided with balance layer, and balance layer is positioned at the bottom of soil bin; The top of balance layer is provided with filter screen; Balance layer contacts with test soil through filter screen, and described balance layer is made up of sandstone, and the particle diameter of sandstone from top to bottom increases gradually.
5. large-scale aeration zone soil unsaturated seepage physical simulating device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: rain controller is processed by organic glass, is provided with the water outlet syringe needle on the base plate of rain controller uniformly; Also include elevating lever in the rainer, the rainfall water tank is installed on the elevating lever.
6. large-scale aeration zone soil unsaturated seepage physical simulating device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: ponding infiltrate device comprise elevating lever, infiltrate water tank, flowmeter, infiltrate switch and graduated cylinder; The water tank that infiltrates is installed on the elevating lever; The water tank that infiltrates enters the mouth through the infiltration on water pipe and the soil bin and is communicated with; Water pipe is provided with flowmeter and infiltrates switch, and graduated cylinder is positioned at the below of the infiltration outlet on the soil bin, and described infiltration inlet and infiltration outlet all are positioned at the top of the upper surface of test soil.
7. large-scale aeration zone soil unsaturated seepage physical simulating device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described soil solute measuring unit comprises solute component measuring device and solution concentration measurement mechanism, and the solute component measuring device mainly is made up of soil liquid ST and chemical analysis instrument; Soil liquid ST is made up of suction cup, sampling bottle, surge flask and vacuum pump, and four connect through silicone tube successively; Described suction cup is made up of ceramic head and polyester tube, and ceramic head is positioned at the inside of test soil, and the sidewall that polyester tube is passed soil bin is communicated with silicone tube, and the contact site of polyester tube and soil bin adopts seal with elastometic washer; The solution concentration measurement mechanism is by being positioned at the inner salt sub sensor of test soil and forming with the conductivity meter that the salt sub sensor is connected through lead.
8. large-scale aeration zone soil unsaturated seepage physical simulating device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the soil moisture measurement unit is made up of resistance measurement device and neutron scattering method measurement mechanism; Wherein the resistance measurement device is made up of plaster block and moisture teller; Plaster block is uniformly distributed in the test soil, and moisture teller is connected with plaster block through lead; Neutron scattering method measurement mechanism comprises soil moisture neutron appearance and surveys the pipe composition, surveys pipe and is provided with three, is uniformly distributed in the soil bin.
9. large-scale aeration zone soil unsaturated seepage physical simulating device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the soil water potential measuring unit comprises tensiometer pipe, electronic tensile meter, pressure transducer and data collecting instrument; The sidewall that first section of tensiometer pipe passes soil bin buries and fills in the test soil; And the head end of tensiometer pipe is the ceramic head of porous; The tail end of tensiometer pipe is provided with two connectors, and one of them connector is connected with pressure transducer, and pressure transducer is connected with data collecting instrument; Another connector is provided with rubber plug, and the probe on the electronic tensile meter can pass rubber plug and get into the direct tension force of measuring in the tensiometer pipe.
10. large-scale aeration zone soil unsaturated seepage physical simulating device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the underground water level measurement unit comprises 5 piezometric tube that are installed on the soil bin bottom uniformly, and an end of piezometric tube is positioned at the inside of soil bin.
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