CN102584679B - 一类苯并咔唑酰胺类化合物、其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
一类苯并咔唑酰胺类化合物、其制备方法和用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102584679B CN102584679B CN201110006814.2A CN201110006814A CN102584679B CN 102584679 B CN102584679 B CN 102584679B CN 201110006814 A CN201110006814 A CN 201110006814A CN 102584679 B CN102584679 B CN 102584679B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 41
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- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- GHYOCDFICYLMRF-UTIIJYGPSA-N (2S,3R)-N-[(2S)-3-(cyclopenten-1-yl)-1-[(2R)-2-methyloxiran-2-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[[(2S)-2-[(2-morpholin-4-ylacetyl)amino]propanoyl]amino]propanamide Chemical compound C1(=CCCC1)C[C@@H](C(=O)[C@@]1(OC1)C)NC([C@H]([C@@H](C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)O)NC([C@H](C)NC(CN1CCOCC1)=O)=O)=O GHYOCDFICYLMRF-UTIIJYGPSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
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Abstract
本发明涉及一类通式(I)所示的11H-苯并[a]咔唑-5-甲酰胺类化合物、其制备方法以及作为抗肿瘤药物的用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一类11H-苯并[a]咔唑-5-甲酰胺类化合物、其制备方法以及作为抗肿瘤药物的用途。
背景技术
恶性肿瘤是当前严重影响人类健康、威胁人类生命的主要疾病之一。拓扑异构酶抑制剂是目前临床上应用最多的五大类抗肿瘤药物之一,由于对消化系统肿瘤、肺癌等多种实体瘤疗效确切,已成为恶性肿瘤药物治疗的临床一线药物。常用的拓扑异构酶II抑制剂包括依托泊苷(etoposide)、替尼泊苷(teniposide)、多柔比星(doxorubicin)、表柔比星(epirubicin)、米托蒽醌(mitoxantrone)等。长期的临床药物应用确证了拓扑异构酶II作为抗癌靶点的有效性。但现有药物的毒副作用往往限制其使用。多柔比星是临床广泛应用的拓扑异构酶II抑制剂,对多种肿瘤均有很好的治疗效果,但它除了抑制拓扑异构酶II的作用外,还产生羟基自由基;由于心肌对羟基自由基的损伤作用非常敏感,因此多柔比星易对心脏产生累积性损伤而致命,严重限制了它的应用。米托蒽醌抗肿瘤活性高于环磷酰胺、长春新碱和氟尿嘧啶,对乳腺癌有明显疗效,对恶性淋巴瘤疗效也较好。但米托蒽醌存在充血性心力衰竭和继发性白血病的危险。因此临床上迫切需要更加安全、有效的拓扑异构酶抑制性抗肿瘤药物。
氨萘非特(amonafide)是1,8-萘酰亚胺类DNA嵌入剂,该化合物能有效嵌入DNA分子的碱基对之间,增加DNA分子溶液的粘度,增加DNA分子的长度,解旋DNA,抑制细胞内拓扑异构酶II、导致DNA双链断裂。氨萘非特治疗乳腺癌的研究曾进入II期临床试验,但未能进入III期临床试验。其中一个重要原因就是该化合物的氨基在体内N-乙酰化转移酶II(NAT2)的作用下生成乙酰化产物;通常情况下,药物的乙酰化、产生乙酰化产物,具有解毒作用;但氨萘非特的乙酰化产物却是毒性产物,可导致骨髓抑制和肾毒性。N-乙酰化转移酶II在人体内的含量具有高度的个体差异,含量越高,产生的氨萘非特乙酰化产物越多,毒性可能越大。因此,虽然多数药物的毒性是由于慢乙酰化造成的,但氨萘非特在快乙酰化的患者中毒性较大(见参考文献FEDERICO INNOCENTI,LALITHA IYER,AND MARK J.RATAIN.DRUG METABOLISMAND DISPOSITION,2001,29(4),596-600)。氨萘非特代谢转化的这一特性,使得其毒性难以预测,严重妨碍了其进一步的临床开发。为了消除氨萘非特的氨基乙酰化所产生的毒性,本发明人设计合成了一类11H-苯并[a]咔唑-5-甲酰胺类化合物,用稠合的吲哚环替代氨萘非特的氨基,杜绝了乙酰氨萘非特的产生,获得了一类新型的抗肿瘤化合物。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种新型11H-苯并[a]咔唑-5-甲酰胺类化合物及其生理上可接受盐,其具有通式(I)所示的结构。
其中,
R1为下列任意一种取代基:H,卤素,-NH2和C1-C4的烷基单取代或双取代的氨基;所述卤素为氟、氯或者溴;
n为2或3;
X为N或者O;
R2和R3各自独立地不存在或者各自独立地为氢、C1-C4烷基、或羟基取代的C1-C4烷基,或者与和它们相连的氮原子一起形成一个含有另外0~2个选自N或O的杂原子的5或6元饱和杂环,如吡咯烷、哌啶、哌嗪或吗啉;
本发明的另一目的是提供该类化合物及其生理上可接受盐的制备方法。
本发明的再一目的是提供这类化合物及其生理上可接受盐在制备治疗肿瘤(包括良性肿瘤和癌症,尤其是肺癌和结肠癌)等疾病的药物中的用途。
本发明的又一目的是提供一种药物组合物,其含有治疗有效量的一种或多种通式(I)所示的11H-苯并[a]咔唑-5-甲酰胺类化合物或其生理上可接受盐以及药学上可接受的辅料。
本发明的优势:
将氨萘非特产生体内毒性的氨基官能团用吲哚环替代,彻底杜绝了毒性代谢物乙酰氨萘非特产生的可能,从而有可能降低药物在体内的毒性;同时将萘酰亚氨开环,以减少并环数目来增加药物的溶解度。
本发明的11H-苯并[a]咔唑-5-甲酰胺类化合物及其生理上可接受盐的制备方法通过下列步骤实施:
所述通式Ia化合物的制备方法包括如下步骤:其中,R为R2和R3的定义同上。
a、将化合物1(4-溴苯乙酸)在对甲基苯磺酸(TsOH)催化下,以无水甲醇做溶剂回流得化合物2(4-溴苯乙酸甲酯);
b、化合物2在碳酸二甲酯((MeO)2CO)和甲醇钠的作用下,生成化合物3;
c、化合物3在甲醇钠做碱的条件下与丙烯酸甲酯加成得化合物4;
d、化合物4在氢氧化钾水溶液中水解,并用浓硫酸脱羧生成化合物5;
e、化合物5在多聚磷酸(PPA)的作用下关环成化合物6;
f、化合物6在无水甲醇作溶剂,对甲基苯磺酸催化下生成甲酯化的产物7;
g、化合物7与苯肼在冰醋酸作溶剂下合成吲哚8;
h、化合物8在2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基-1,4-苯醌(DDQ)的氧化下芳构化成化合物9;
i、化合物9在甲醇作溶剂,氢氧化钠水溶液作碱条件下水解成10;
j、化合物10在四氢呋喃(THF)溶剂中,加催化量的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),加草酰氯反应成酰氯11;
k、化合物11溶于THF中,滴加取代的胺得目标化合物Ia。
其中,通式Ia化合物优选为化合物12a-20,其结构式如下:
从化合物12a出发,本发明人合成了2-位不同取代的化合物12b、12c和12d:
a、化合物12a溶于甲醇中,常压室温催化氢化脱溴得化合物12b;
b、化合物12a在浓氨水体系中,封管180℃并以CuI催化得化合物12c;
c、化合物12a在二甲胺水溶液体系中,封管100℃并以CuI催化得化合物12d。
从化合物的体外肿瘤细胞增殖抑制实验结果分析(见表1),化合物13的效果最好。考虑到化合物的溶解度,本发明人将阳性对照氨萘非特和化合物13均制备成柠檬酸盐供体内测试。化合物13的柠檬酸盐为化合物21,其合成式如下:
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步阐述,但这些实施例绝对不是对本发明的任何限制。所有实施例中,熔点用Büchi510型熔点仪测定,温度计未经校正;1H NMR由BrucherAM-400型和GEMINI-300型核磁共振仪记录,化学位移以δ(ppm)表示;分离用硅胶为200-300目。
制备实施例
化合物2的制备:
将化合物1(40g,186mmol)溶于300ml无水甲醇中,加TsOH(2.5g,13mmol),升至70℃反应4小时至原料反应完全。蒸去溶剂,加乙酸乙酯300ml,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液、水溶液、饱和氯化钠溶液洗,无水硫酸钠干燥。减压蒸去溶剂得无色透明油状物2(41g,收率:96%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ7.45(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.16(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),3.7(s,3H),3.70(s,3H),3.58(s,2H)。
化合物3的制备:
称取40g金属钠加到300ml无水甲醇中,待反应完全后,减压蒸去溶剂得白色固体甲醇钠备用。将40g化合物2溶于400ml碳酸二甲酯,机械搅拌下加入新制的甲醇钠,蒸馏出新生成的甲醇。当原料反应完全时,冷却至室温,将反应混合物倒进冰水中,乙酸乙酯萃取(200ml×3次)。合并有机层,饱和氯化钠溶液洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=30∶1)得白色固体(38.2g,收率:76%)。m.p.86℃。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ7.5-7.45(d,2H,J=8.9Hz),7.26-7.2(d,2H,J=9.0Hz),4.6(s,1H)3.75(s,6H)。
化合物4的制备:
称取1g金属钠加到200ml无水甲醇中,当不再产生气泡时,将化合物3(38g,132mmol)加进甲醇钠的甲醇溶液中,然后加丙烯酸甲酯20ml,常温搅拌过夜,原料反应完全。将反应液用稀盐酸淬灭至酸性,减压蒸去甲醇,残液用乙酸乙酯/水萃取,合并有机层,有机层用饱和氯化钠洗,无水硫酸钠干燥。减压蒸去溶剂,柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=15∶1)得白色固体(39.5g,收率:80%)。m.p.94℃。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ7.5-7.45(d,2H,J=8.9Hz),7.26-7.2(d,2H,J=9.0Hz),3.75(s,6H),3.64(s,3H),2.65-2,58(t,2H,J=8.4Hz),2.32-2.26(t,2H,J=8.1Hz)。
化合物5的制备:
将化合物4(13g,34.8mmol)加到8g KOH的120ml水溶液中,升温回流过夜。第二天冷至室温。将6ml浓硫酸加入15ml水溶液中,冷却至室温后加到上述反应液中,继续升温回流2小时后,用乙酸乙酯萃取。乙酸乙酯层用饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥。减压蒸去溶剂得无色透明油状物(9.6g,收率:96%)。m.p.134℃。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ10.0(br,2H),7.5-7.45(d,2H,J=8.0Hz),7.20-7.15(d,2H,J=8.1Hz),3.6(m,1H),2.4(m,3H),2.1(m,1H)。
化合物6的制备:
将100ml多聚磷酸加热到80℃后,将化合物5(9g,31.3mmol)在搅拌下加进热的多聚磷酸溶液中,95℃下反应6小时,原料反应完全。反应液冷却至室温后慢慢倒进冰水中,乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并有机层,分别用水、饱和氯化钠溶液洗,无水硫酸钠干燥。减压蒸去溶剂,柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=2∶1)得红棕色固体(3.8g,收率:45%)。m.p.168-170℃。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ8.2(d,1H,J=2.3Hz),7.7-7.6(dd,1H,J=8.5Hz,2.2Hz)7.3-7.26(d,1H,J=8.5Hz),4.0(t,1H,J=4.65Hz),3.0-2.85(m,1H,J=5.1Hz),2.75-2.6(m,1H,J=4.6Hz),2.6-2.5(m,1H),2.45-2.3(m,1H)。
化合物7的制备:
将化合物6(3.1g,11.5mmol)溶于80ml无水甲醇中,加一水合对甲基苯磺酸(0.8,4.2mmol),升至80℃下反应过夜。第二天TLC跟踪已反应完全。减压蒸去部分溶剂后,加乙酸乙酯稀释,依次用饱和碳酸氢钠、水、饱和氯化钠溶液洗,无水硫酸钠干燥。减压蒸去溶剂,柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20∶1)得无色透明胶状物(2.8g,收率:86%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ8.2(d,1H,J=2.3Hz),7.65-7.6(dd,1H,J=7.9Hz,2.2Hz)7.25-7.2(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),3.95(t,1H,J=4.65Hz),3.75(s,3H),2.95-2.8(m,1H,J=5.7Hz),2.7-2.6(m,1H,J=5.0Hz),2.55-2.45(m,1H,J=5.0Hz),2.4-2.25(m,1H)。
化合物8的制备:
称取化合物7(0.63g,2.2mmol)溶于10ml冰醋酸中,加苯肼0.25ml,升温回流过夜,冷至室温,静置析出棕黄色晶体,过滤,真空干燥,得化合物8(0.41g,收率:52%)。m.p.266℃。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ8.3(s,1H),7.55(d,1H,J=7.1Hz)7.44(d,1H,J=1.6Hz),7.32-7.26(m,2H),7.2-7.1(m,3H),4.0(q,1H,J=7.0Hz,4.8Hz),3.7(s,3H),3.60-3.50(dd,1H,J=16.3Hz,4.8Hz),3.2-3.1(dd,1H J=15.8Hz,7.3Hz)。
化合物9的制备:
将化合物8(0.4g,1.1mmol)溶于20ml 1,2-二氯乙烷中,加DDQ(0.374g,1.65mmol),在80℃下反应3小时,原料反应完全。减压蒸去溶剂,柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=15∶1)得白色粉末状固体(0.156g,收率:39%)。m.p.284℃。
1H NMR(300MHz,d-DMSO):δ12.7(s,1H),9.07(s,1H),9.07-9.03(d,1H,J=9.9Hz),8.9(d,1H,J=2.0Hz),8.3(d,1H,J=7.8Hz),7.85-7.8(dd,1H,J=9.3Hz,2.1Hz),7.7(d,1H,J=8.2Hz),7.5(t,1H,J=7.7Hz),7.3(t,1H,J=7.4Hz)4.0(s,3H)。
化合物10的制备:
称取化合物9(100mg,0.28mmol)溶于10ml甲醇中,加2N NaOH 0.6ml,升温回流2小时,原料反应完全。减压蒸去部分溶剂,加水稀释,用稀盐酸中和至pH=5,析出白色固体,过滤,真空干燥得白色固体(88mg,收率:92%)。m.p.
1H NMR(300MHz,d-DMSO):δ12.6(s,1H),9.2(d,1H,J=9.0Hz),9.05(s,1H),8.88(d,1H,J=1.8Hz),8.3(d,1H,J=7.4Hz),7.8(dd,1H,J=9.6Hz,1.7Hz),7.7(d,1H,J=8.1Hz),7.48(t,1H,J=7.7Hz),7.3(t,1H,J=7.6Hz)。
中间体11制备的通用方法:
称取化合物10(35mg,1mmol)溶于3ml无水THF中,加一滴DMF,冰浴至0℃下,加草酰氯5滴,升至室温搅拌30min后,减压蒸去溶剂,得淡黄色固体11,未经分离直接进行下一步反应。
目标化合物12a的制备方法:
将现制的37mg的11溶于无水THF中,滴加(44mg,5eq)的N,N-二甲基乙二胺,常温搅拌2小时后,减压蒸去溶剂,倒进冰水中,析出固体,过滤,干燥得目标化合物12a。
12a白色粉末(39mg,收率:95%)。m.p.209℃。
1H NMR(300MHz,d-CD3OD)δ8.62(s,1H,J=1.8Hz)8.45(s,1H),8.38(d,1H,J=9.1Hz),8.15(d,1H,J=7.9Hz),7.65(dd,1H,J=8.8,2.0Hz),7.6(d,1H,J=6.7Hz),7.45(t,1H,J=7.6Hz),7.28(t,1H,J=7.6Hz),3.65(t,2H,J=6.9Hz),2.7(t,2H,J=6.8Hz)2.4(s,6H)。
目标化合物13的制备方法:
除了用51mg的N,N-二甲基丙二胺代替44mg的N,N-二甲基乙二胺外,以与化合物12a相同的制备方法制备化合物13。
13(白色固体41mg,收率:95%)。m.p.146℃。
1H NMR (300MHz,d-CD3OD):δ8.65(s,1H,J=2.1Hz)8.4(s,1H),8.35(d,1H,J=9.1Hz),8.15(d,1H,J=7.9Hz),7.65(dd,1H,J=9.2,2.0Hz),7.6(d,1H,J=6.2Hz),7.45(t,1H,J=7.6Hz),7.25(t,1H,J=7.5Hz),3.5(t,2H,J=6.7Hz),2.5(t,2H,J=7.8Hz)2.3(s,6H)1.9(m,2H,J=7.4Hz)。
目标化合物14的制备方法:
除了用57mg的N-(2-氨基乙基)吡咯烷胺代替44mg的N,N-二甲基乙二胺外,以与化合物12a相同的制备方法制备化合物14。
14白色固体(44mg,收率:100%)m.p.138℃。
1H NMR(300MHz,d-CD3OD):δ8.65(s,1H,J=1.9Hz)8.45(s,1H),8.4(d,1H,J=9.1Hz),8.15(d,1H,J=7.8Hz),7.65(dd,1H,J=8.6,2.0Hz),7.62(d,1H,J=7.7Hz),7.45(t,1H,J=7.4Hz),7.25(t,1H,J=7.5Hz),3.7(t,2H,J=7.0Hz),2.85(t,2H,J=6.9Hz)2.7(m,4H),1.85(m,4H)。
目标化合物15的制备方法:
除了用64mg的N-(2-氨基乙基)哌啶代替44mg的N,N-二甲基乙二胺外,以与化合物12a相同的制备方法制备化合物15。
15白色固体(46mg,收率:100%)m.p.126℃分解。
1H NMR(300MHz,d-CD3OD):δ8.65(s,1H,J=2.3Hz),8.45(s,1H),8.4(d,1H,J=9.0Hz),8.15(d,1H,J=8.0Hz),7.65(dd,1H,J=9.0,2.1Hz),7.62(d,1H,J=7.5Hz),7.45(t,1H,J=7.7Hz),7.28(t,1H,J=7.5Hz),3.65(t,2H,J=7.0Hz),2.7(t,2H,J=6.9Hz)2.6(m,4H)1.7(m,4H)1.5(m,2H)。
目标化合物16的制备方法:
除了用65mg的N-(2-氨基乙基)吗啉代替44mg的N,N-二甲基乙二胺外,以与化合物12a相同的制备方法制备化合物16。
16白色固体(45mg,收率:100%)m.p.292℃分解。
1H NMR(300MHz,d-CD3OD):δ8.65(s,1H,J=1.9Hz)8.45(s,1H),8.4(d,1H,J=9.1Hz),8.15(d,1H,J=7.8Hz),7.65(dd,1H,J=8.6,2.0Hz),7.62(d,1H,J=7.7Hz),7.45(t,1H,J=7.4Hz),7.25(t,1H,J=7.5Hz),3.75(t,4H,J=4.6Hz),3.67(t,2H,J=6.3Hz)2.72(t,2H,J=6.3Hz)2.62(t,4H,J=5.6Hz)
目标化合物17的制备方法:
除了用37mg的N-甲基乙二胺代替44mg的N,N-二甲基乙二胺外,以与化合物12a相同的制备方法制备化合物17。
17白色固体(34mg,收率:87%)m.p.220℃。
1H NMR(300MHz,d-CD3OD):δ8.72(s,1H),8.35(s,1H),8.15(d,1H,J=7.4Hz),7.85(d,1H,J=8.7),7.7(dd,1H,J=8.3,1.3Hz),7.65(d,1H,J=8.1Hz),7.45(t,1H,J=7.1Hz),7.3(t,1H,J=7.5Hz),3.4(t,2H,J=6.4Hz),3.3(t,2H,J=6.4Hz),2.96(s,6H)。ES-API (%):396,398(100,M++1)
目标化合物18的制备方法:
除了用65mg的N-(2-氨基乙基)哌嗪代替44mg的N,N-二甲基乙二胺外,以与化合物12a相同的制备方法制备化合物18。
18白色固体(38mg,收率:84%)m.p.200℃。
1H NMR(300MHz,d-CD3OD):δ8.7(s,1H,J=2.2Hz)8.2(s,1H),8.15(d,1H,J=7.7Hz),7.85(d,1H,J=9.2Hz),7.7(dd,1H,J=9.1,2.0Hz),7.63(d,1H,J=8.2Hz),7.45(t,1H,J=8.1Hz),7.28(t,1H,J=7.7Hz),4.0(br s,2H)3.3(br s,2H)3.05(t,2H,J=5.9Hz)2.72(br s,2H),2.65(t,2H,J=5.9Hz)2.4(br s,2H)。ES-API (%):451,453(100,M++1)。
目标化合物19的制备方法:
除了用30mg的2-氨基乙醇代替44mg的N,N-二甲基乙二胺外,以与化合物12a相同的制备方法制备化合物19。
19白色固体(28mg,收率:73%)m.p.290℃分解。
1H NMR(300MHz,d-CD3OD):δ8.65(s,1H,J=2.2Hz)8.5(s,1H),8.4(d,1H,J=9.1Hz),8.25(d,1H,J=7.7Hz),7.66(dd,1H,J=8.9,2.0Hz),7.62(d,1H,J=8.3Hz),7.45(t,1H,J=7.1Hz),7.28(t,1H,J=7.4Hz)3.83(t,2H,J=5.8Hz),3.63(t,2H,J=5.7Hz)
目标化合物20的制备方法:
除了用52mg的羟乙基乙二胺代替44mg的N,N-二甲基乙二胺外,以与化合物12a相同的制备方法制备化合物20。
20白色固体(36mg,收率:84%)m.p.213℃。
1H NMR(300MHz,d-CD3OD):δ8.65(s,1H,J=1.8Hz)8.48(s,1H),8.4(d,1H,J=9.1Hz),8.15(d,1H,J=7.9Hz),7.65(dd,1H,J=9.1,2.0Hz),7.62(d,1H,J=7.8Hz),7.45(t,1H,J=7.2Hz),7.28(t,1H,J=7.0Hz)3.72(t,2H,J=5.5Hz),3.67(t,2H,J=6.5Hz)2.98(t,2H,J=6.2Hz)2.85(t,2H,J=5.4Hz)
化合物12b的制备方法:
称取化合物12a(41mg,0.1mmol)溶于5ml无水甲醇中,加Pd/C 10mg,置换3次氩气,再通氢气,常温搅拌8小时,原料反应完全。硅藻土过滤,减压蒸去溶剂,硅胶制备板分离得白色固体(29mg,收率:88%)。m.p.174℃。
1H NMR(300MHz,d-CD3OD):δ8.56(s,1H)8.53(d,1H,J=7.9Hz)8.45(dd,1H,J=7.8Hz,1.0Hz)8.17(d,1H,J=7.9Hz)7.9(s,1H)7.67-7.55(m,3H)7.44(t,1H,J=8.0Hz)7.27(t,1H,J=7.7Hz)3.85(t,2H,J=5.9Hz)3.42(t,2H,J=6.1Hz)2.96(s,6H)。
化合物12c的制备方法:
称取化合物12a(160mg,0.4mmol)至于封管中,加氨水(28%)6ml,CuI(38mg,0.2mmol),升温至180℃反应7小时,TLC跟踪原料反应完全。停止反应冷至室温,减压蒸去溶剂,柱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇=10∶1)得棕色固体(69mg,收率:50%)。m.p.170℃
1H NMR(300MHz,d-CD3OD):δ8.3(d,1H,J=8.9Hz),8.2(s,1H),8.1(d,1H,J=8.0Hz),7.6(d,1H,J=8.3Hz),7.5(s,1H),7.44(t,1H,J=7.7Hz),7.2(t,1H,J=7.5Hz)7.08(d,1H,J=8.6Hz),3.75(t,2H,J=6.4Hz),3.15(t,2H,J=6.1Hz),2.75(s,6H)。ES-API(%):347(100,M+1)
化合物12d的制备方法:
称取化合物12a(41mg,0.1mmol)至于封管中,加二甲胺水溶液6ml,CuI(19mg,0.1mmol),升温至100℃反应至TLC跟踪原料反应完全。停止反应冷至室温,减压蒸去溶剂,柱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇=10∶1)得棕色固体(20mg,收率:53%)。m.p.183℃。
1H NMR(300MHz,d-CD3OD):δ8.37(d,1H,J=9.2Hz),8.24(s,1H),8.08(d,1H,J=7.9Hz),7.6(d,1H,J=8.1Hz),7.5(d,1H,J=3.2Hz),,7.38(t,1H,J=8.2Hz),7.24-7.18(m,2H),3.84(t,2H,J=6.0Hz),3.4(t,2H,J=6.0Hz),3.12(s,6H)2.96(s,6H)。
化合物13的柠檬酸盐21的制备:
将柠檬酸(60mg,0.31mmol)溶于0.5ml的无水乙醇溶液中,逐滴滴加到化合物13(133mg,0.31mmol)的0.5ml无水乙醇溶液中。滴加完毕后,将析出的固体迅速过滤,置于真空干燥箱中。Mp:120℃
1H NMR(300MHz,d-DMSO):δ8.7(s,1H),8.5(s,1H),8.4(d,1H,J=9.1Hz),8.2(d,1H,J=7.8Hz),7.7(dd,1H,J=9.7Hz,1.3Hz),7.65(d,1H,J=7.9Hz),7.45(t,1H,J=7.4Hz),7.3(t,1H,J=7.0Hz),3.6(m,2H),2.95(s,6H),2.7(m,4H),2.1(m,2H)。
实验实施例:
1.体外肿瘤细胞增殖生长抑制活性
用磺酰罗丹明B蛋白染色法(SRB法)检测了本发明化合物抑制肿瘤细胞增殖作用。在96孔板中按一定密度种下肿瘤细胞,待贴壁后,加入一定浓度待测化合物培养液作用72h,弃掉培养液,加入三氯醋酸固定,蒸馏水洗五次,干燥,加入磺酰罗丹明B染色,用1%冰醋酸洗五次,干燥,加入三羟甲基氨基甲烷缓冲液,酶标仪560nm波长下测OD值,计算抑制率。
结果表明,受试化合物均具有不同程度的抑制人肺癌A549细胞和人结肠癌HCT-116细胞增殖生长活性(表1);其中,化合物13作用最强,对A549和HCT-116细胞增殖生长抑制的IC50分别为8.2μM和9.5μM,对2种细胞作用程度没有明显差异;总体体外抗肿瘤活性与氨萘非特相当或略强。结果见表1。
表1 11H-苯并[a]卡唑-5-酰胺类化合物
对人肺癌A549细胞和人结肠癌HCT-116细胞增殖生长的抑制活性。
2.体内抗肿瘤活性研究
将人结肠癌HCT-116细胞接种于裸小鼠腋下形成移植瘤,待肿瘤体积至100~200mm3时,随机分笼给药,静脉给以15mg/kg化合物13的柠檬酸盐(即化合物21)、氨萘非特柠檬酸盐或生理盐水,每周三次。
结果显示,化合物21可以显著抑制移植瘤的生长,且作用强度与氨萘非特柠檬酸盐相当,结果见表2。
表2.化合物13的柠檬酸盐(即化合物21)对人结肠癌HCT-116细胞裸小鼠移植瘤生长的抑制作用。
Claims (7)
1.一类通式(I)所示的11H-苯并[a]咔唑-5-甲酰胺类化合物及其生理上可接受盐;
其中,
R1为下列任意一种取代基:H,卤素,-NH2和C1-C4的烷基单取代或双取代的氨基;所述卤素为氟、氯或者溴;
n为2或3;
X为N;
R2和R3各自独立地为氢、C1-C4烷基、或羟基取代的C1-C4烷基,或者与和它们相连的氮原子一起形成吡咯烷、哌啶、哌嗪或吗啉。
2.根据权利要求1所述的11H-苯并[a]咔唑-5-甲酰胺类化合物及其生理上可接受盐,其特征在于,该化合物及其生理上可接受盐选自以下化合物中:
3.一种11H-苯并[a]咔唑-5-甲酰胺类化合物及其生理上可接受盐的制备方法,该方法通过下列步骤实施:
其中,R为n、X、R2和R3的定义同权利要求1;
a、将化合物1在对甲基苯磺酸TsOH催化下,以无水甲醇做溶剂回流得化合物2;
b、化合物2在碳酸二甲酯(MeO)2CO和甲醇钠的作用下,生成化合物3;
c、化合物3在甲醇钠做碱的条件下与丙烯酸甲酯加成得化合物4;
d、化合物4在氢氧化钾水溶液中水解,并用浓硫酸脱羧生成化合物5;
e、化合物5在多聚磷酸PPA的作用下关环成化合物6;
f、化合物6在无水甲醇作溶剂,对甲基苯磺酸催化下生成甲酯化的产物7;
g、化合物7与苯肼在冰醋酸作溶剂下合成吲哚8;
h、化合物8在2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基-1,4-苯醌DDQ的氧化下芳构化成化合物9;
i、化合物9在甲醇作溶剂,氢氧化钠水溶液作碱条件下水解成10;
j、化合物10在四氢呋喃THF溶剂中,加催化量的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺DMF,加草酰氯反应成酰氯11;
k、化合物11溶于THF中,滴加取代的胺得目标化合物Ia。
4.一种11H-苯并[a]咔唑-5-甲酰胺类化合物及其生理上可接受盐的制备方法,该方法通过下列步骤实施:
a、化合物12a溶于甲醇中,常压室温催化氢化脱溴得化合物12b;
b、化合物12a在浓氨水体系中,封管180℃并以CuI催化得化合物12c;
c、化合物12a在二甲胺水溶液体系中,封管100℃并以CuI催化得化合物12d。
5.权利要求1所述的11H-苯并[a]咔唑-5-甲酰胺类化合物及其生理上可接受盐在制备治疗肿瘤疾病的药物中的用途。
6.根据权利要求5所述的用途,其特征在于,所述的肿瘤包括肺癌和结肠癌。
7.一种药物组合物,其含有治疗有效量的一种或多种权利要求1的11H-苯并[a]咔唑-5-甲酰胺类化合物或其生理上可接受盐以及药学上可接受的辅料。
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