CN102551902B - Fastening system - Google Patents

Abstract

Fastening system according to the present invention includes screw member (10) and seat component (20).This screw member include along longitudinal axis (5) extend and maximum radius be R₁Axle (12), described axle includes threaded portion (13), and described screw member further includes at the head (14) of one end of screw axis, and described head includes having maximum radius R₂Bottom (15) more than described screw axis so that the downside (18) of the exposure of described head of screw extends radially past the maximum radius of described screw axis.Seat component includes screw slots (21), and these screw slots include having least radius R₃Equal to or more than R₁Planar screw seat (22).The bottom of head of screw includes annular contact surface, for abutting described screw base, the far-end of the jut (17) that this contact surface is downwardly extended by least one on the downside of head of screw is formed, and wherein the least radius of this annular contact surface is more than the least radius of screw base.

Description

Fastening system

Technical field

The present invention relates to screw, specifically those are used for second component such as abutment is attached to tooth in dental implant field Screw on graft.

Background technology

Dental implant thing is for replacing single tooth or generally replacing the more complicated of some or even all of tooth for anchoring Structure.

Graft is normally constructed to two parts, and in this case, graft is by anchor part and single abutment Composition, anchor part generally individually (in isolation) is referred to as graft.Anchor part or be completely embedded in bone, the most just It is to say, reaches the height of alveolar ridge, or put in soft tissue several millimeters from alveolar ridge.Abutment be arranged on anchor part and Extend into oral cavity to be formed artificial tooth or the support of denture.

At prosthese can be during the service life more than 20 years, implant system will suffer from because chewing the big lotus caused Carry.Therefore, it is necessary to abutment is fastened firmly on graft to prevent loosening and potential loss of component.This situation energy Enough the most such as realize via press-fit or gluing.It is generally preferred, however, that screw fit connects.By in the attachment phase Between apply sufficiently high moment of torsion, it is possible to realize the firm connection between graft and abutment.

Therefore, in many systems, graft includes internal thread hole, and abutment includes the screw top of correspondence, therefore permits Permitted to be thread directly in graft abutment.

But, itself disadvantageously, abutment relative to the accurate Angle Position of graft until final fixing is still not Knowable.So have the disadvantage in that, particularly when abutment is intended to for supporting single artificial tooth.

Therefore, many implant systems include counter rotation device, this counter rotation device be prevented from graft and abutment it Between rotate against, and be provided with a limited number of abutment Angle Position relative to graft.

These counter rotation devices are made up of the complementary noncircular symmetry part in graft and abutment, described complementation non- Circular symmetry part is generally of polygonal shape such as hexagon or octagon.

Such system ensure that abutment is known relative to the accurate Angle Position of graft before fixing, and Can aid in loosening of preventing abutment during graft service life.

Certainly, when have employed this counter rotation device, it is impossible for rotating abutment relative to graft, and abutment Therefore it is no longer able to be thread directly in graft.Therefore, the 3rd component using the typically referred to as screw of " substrate screw " comes Abutment is connected on graft.

When employing substrate screw, abutment generally includes and extends through the screw slots of abutment and have screw base.This Make substrate screw can lead directly to abutment until head of screw adjoins screw base, and can be inserted into screwdriver in groove to incite somebody to action Screw engages and is fastened to the internal thread hole of graft, thus is fixedly clamped on graft by abutment.

The example of such known implant system can find in such as EP1679049 and WO2006/012273, In EP1679049, screw base is conical, and in WO2006/012273, screw base is plane.

The same with abutment, substrate screw is also used for other provisional second component such as cover screw fixture cover, closure screws and print Tringle is connected to graft.

As mentioned above, it is important that especially be fastened firmly on graft prevent at implant system by abutment Service life during occur loosen.In the case of screw fit system, either the 3rd component or abutment itself, in order to Realizing high preload or clamping force, this realizes by tightening screw member.

In order to realize maximum preload, need to tighten screw as far as possible, and be not up to the yield strength of screw.Now, screw Tension force in main body can cause the plastic deformation of screw thread and can cause screw extraction in some cases.Because must remove subsequently And change screw, so this is the most less desirable.Remove the screw damaged the easiest, and this also can lead Cause the damage of the female thread to graft.In some cases, screw thread is damaged until being already affixed at last prosthese On abutment before may and inconspicuous, therefore, change screw also result in produce new prosthese needs.

Therefore, the manufacturer of dental implant system system is provided with the maximum torque of recommendation, which ensure that the high pre-of screw Load and there is no the risk of over-tension.However, it is contemplated that expectation, the tooth naturally to the high preload guaranteeing implant system Doctor is commonly applied the tightening torque significantly exceeding recommendation, and this can cause screw fail.

In order to increase the tension of screw to prevent from occurring in this case breakage, one possible solution It is that the material using varying strength is to manufacture screw.However, it is contemplated that the life-time service that screw is in human body, any new material is all It is subjected to strict safety test, finds that the new material with required high intensity and required biocompatibility is not one Simple thing.

Another selection will be to increase the size of screw.But, because the available sky that graft must be coordinated in jawbone In, remove bone as few as possible simultaneously, to be limited in the wound of graft position, so in dental implant system is united, empty Between be limited.Therefore, the overall size of implant system can not change, and any increase to screw diameter will cause moving The equivalent of plant and/or abutment thickness reduces.Such amendment will easily weaken the system in another region.

Therefore, the purpose of at least preferred embodiment of the present invention is to provide the screw member oing a design such that: this sets Meter is so that it can bear higher torque capacity without changing material or overall size.

Summary of the invention

According to an aspect of the invention, it is provided include screw member and the fastening system of seat component.Screw member bag Including axle, axle extends along longitudinal axis and maximum radius is R₁, described axle includes that threaded portion, described screw member farther include At the head of one end of screw axis, head includes bottom, maximum radius R of bottom₂Maximum radius more than screw axis so that head of screw The downside of exposure extend radially past the maximum radius of screw axis.Seat component includes screw slots, and these screw slots include plane spiral shell Nail seat, the least radius R of planar screw seat₃Equal to or more than R₁.The bottom of head of screw includes annular contact surface, ring-like contact Surface is used for abutting described screw base, the jut that this contact surface is downwardly extended by least one on the downside of head of screw Far-end formed, the least radius of wherein said annular contact surface is more than the least radius of screw base.

In this article, " bottom " of screw member is considered as the far-end of screw axis, i.e. the phase with head of screw of screw axis Opposite end.Therefore, the bottom of head is closest to one end of the head of screw axis, and the jut downwardly extended is the bottom towards screw Prominent jut.

According to conventional dental term, " top " refers to the direction towards bone, and " being preced with " refers to the direction towards tooth.Cause This, the top component of component is in use to point to the parts of jawbone, and crown part is directed to the parts in oral cavity.Spiral shell as the present invention When nail component is tooth screw member, therefore, the bottom of head of screw also can be considered top and the one or more jut can It is considered to extend to top.

According to the present invention, the annular contact surface of head of screw is located remotely from the radial position of the outer radius of screw axis.Change speech It, at the axial location of annular contact surface, deposit between the least radius and the radial inner portion of head of screw of contact surface In gap.This is by providing one or more juts to realize in the downside of head of screw, the one or more projection Portion extends in downward direction to produce annular contact surface.The seam produced between interior section and the annular contact surface of head of screw Gap is sufficiently large, and the least radius of annular contact surface is more than the least radius of screw base.

Because the least radius of contact surface is more than the least radius of screw base, so the inner most region of screw base exists Will not contact screw head during use.

When tightening screw, only some moment of torsion applied is converted into preload.The total torsion that screw must be applied Square is sizable, because substantial amounts of moment of torsion is used for overcoming the friction acted on head of screw and screw thread.Generally, it is estimated that, The applying moment of torsion of the most about 10-15% is used for tightening screw.

In the screw system of prior art, the downside shape of head of screw is designed as complementary with screw base.Therefore, screw is worked as When seat is plane, the downside of screw is also plane.Therefore, big contact surface is defined.It practice, head of screw is whole Downside is all as annular contact surface.On the contrary, in the present invention, at least one jut downwardly extended described creates less Contact surface, because only that the downside of head of screw a part formed contact surface.The effect that this jut plays is, not It is that all radially superposed region of head of screw and screw base all contacts with each other.Because the least radius of annular contact surface is more than spiral shell The least radius of nail seat, so friction radius in this case is more than the friction half realized when using tradition flat head screw head Footpath, flat head screw head also contacts the interior section of screw base.Therefore, the moment of torsion needed for the frictional force on head of screw is overcome to increase Add, therefore decrease the percentage ratio of the moment of torsion being changed in preload force.

Therefore, exceed the user recommending peak torque to limit and unlikely damage screw, because more applying moment of torsion " absorbed " by the frictional resistance of head of screw.

In most systems, it is contemplated that manufacturing tolerance, the least radius of screw base is equal to the maximum radius of screw axis.This Provide the narrowest possible screw slots below the screw base being still able to receiving screw axis.Therefore, traditional tack spiral shell Nail includes from R₁Outward extending planar underside.

Therefore, on the other hand, the invention provides such screw member: this screw member includes axle, axle edge Longitudinal axis extension and maximum radius is R₁, described axle includes that threaded portion, described screw member further include at screw axis The head of one end, described head includes bottom, maximum radius R of bottom₂Maximum radius more than screw axis so that head of screw sudden and violent The downside of dew extends radially past the maximum radius of screw axis, and described bottom includes annular contact surface, and annular contact surface is used In abutment plane screw base, the far-end shape of the jut that this contact surface is downwardly extended by least one on the downside of screw Becoming, the least radius of described contact surface is more than the maximum radius of screw axis.

The both sides preferred feature of the present invention is described below.

Annular contact surface can be formed by multiple juts so that contact surface is discontinuous, or " damaged ".When When the downside of head of screw includes multiple jut, the far-end of these juts can be in different radial positions.Such as, from longitudinal direction Axis can replace to the distance of jut from jut to jut.In such embodiments, annular contact surface is Minor radius is to be arranged by the far-end of the jut near longitudinal axis.It is preferable, however, that the plurality of jut is remote The distance of end distance longitudinal axis is equal.Although additionally, jut can have different shapes, preferably these juts Shape be identical, or the shape of at least their far-end is identical.

It is preferable, however, that annular contact surface is formed, preferably by the single jut extending 360 ° around longitudinal axis Ground, this annular contact surface has consistent inside radius, although annular contact surface has irregular such as wave shape It is possible.Preferably, annular contact surface is consistent around longitudinal axis, i.e. least radius and maximum radius are both It is consistent.Because contact surface is in use intended to for adjacent flat screw base, annular contact surface is positioned at vertically In the plane of longitudinal axis.

The contact surface with consistent inside radius is provided to make it possible to realize maximum friction radius.Described " friction half Footpath " it is the mean radius of contact surface.This is the surface of in use contact screw seat, and therefore, this radius is the biggest, overcomes screw The moment of torsion needed for frictional resistance below Tou is the biggest.

The traditional method increasing friction radius includes widening head of screw and/or increasing the least radius of screw base.But, as Discussed above, some system such as dental implant system unite in, its space is limited, such increase be impossible or Will cause the component clamped by screw is caused unacceptable reduction.

The invention provides the alternative increasing friction radius, which does not require that any volume of peripheral member damages Lose.On the contrary, this can be realized by the relatively small amendment to the downside of head of screw.

In principle, preferably annular contact surface is the narrowest and its least radius is the biggest, in order to maximize friction Radius.For this reason, the maximum radius of further preferably annular contact surface is equal to the maximum radius of bottom of head of screw.Excellent Selecting in embodiment, the maximum radius of annular contact surface is equal to the outer radius of head of screw.But, in reality manufactures, it is necessary to Consider other factors.

Such as, screw base can be positioned at screw slots end so that screw base is formed on the outer surface of present component.But, In many cases, in screw base will be located in screw slots.In this case, screw slots are formed by least two portion, first, This first has the first diameter, and second, and this second has the second less diameter, and wherein screw base is by the two Transition portion between diameter is formed.In some components, this transition portion can little by little lead to conical screw seat.So And, present invention relates solely to planar screw seat, wherein at least of the transition portion between the first diameter and Second bobbin diameter Divide and occur with Spline smoothing.The manufacture method used because producing this groove cause the wall in the first screw slots portion and screw base it Between transition part office be usually formed minor radius.When the outer radius of head of screw is approximately equal to the diameter in the first screw slots portion, position Annular contact surface in the radial edges of head of screw may will not be correctly positioned on screw base and also possibly cannot put down Steady rotation.

Additionally, depend on the function of screw member, described head can form taper radially outwardly from bottom so that screw Maximum half of head is noticeably greater than screw base radius and is therefore noticeably greater than contact surface radius.

Therefore, alternatively, it is possible to limit contact surface relative to the downside of head of screw or the least radius of screw base Position.

Preferably annular contact surface is positioned at the outside half of downside of head of screw.More preferably annular contact surface is positioned at In the 75% of the outside of the downside of head of screw, and more preferably outside 80% in.In the present case, the downside quilt of head of screw It is defined to extend radially past the surface (R of maximum radius that the outer boundary of screw axis reaches the bottom of screw₂-R₁).

The preferably least radius of annular contact surface goes out the most greatly 20% than the least radius of screw base, goes out the most greatly 25%.Preferably, in the range of the 125-150% of the least radius that contact surface is positioned at screw base.In a particularly preferred embodiment, connect In the range of the 128-140% of the least radius that tactile surface is positioned at screw base.

Preferably, in use, at least internal the 50% of the region, surface of screw base does not contacts with annular contact surface.

Ratio above provides the interior zone of suitable non-contacting screw base to provide the effective of friction radius Increase, without any increase of the overall diameter of head of screw or screw base.

As it has been described above, in many examples, the least radius of screw base is approximately equal to the maximum radius of screw axis.

Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment, the least radius of annular contact surface goes out the most greatly than the maximum radius of screw axis 20%, go out the most greatly 30%.Preferably, in the range of the 125-150% of the maximum radius that contact surface is positioned at screw axis.Especially In preferred embodiment, in the range of the 130-140% of the maximum radius that contact surface is positioned at screw axis.

In dental implant field, the size of screw member is the least to coordinate in graft, maximum half of screw axis Footpath R₁Preferably between 0.6mm and 1mm, and maximum radius R of the bottom of head of screw₂Preferably at R₁1.2 to 1.5 times between. R₂Particularly preferred scope be 0.8-1.3mm.

As it has been described above, need narrow annular contact surface, therefore, in certain embodiments, the shape of the far-end of jut Can be point or bending.When tightening head of screw against screw base, such narrow contact surface will deform and be close to Screw base.Which ensure that between this two surface closely contact and when screw base rough surface or uneven time be special Favourable.But, in many cases it is preferred to the one or more jut includes smooth far-end.This is more easily manufactured With the risk reducing injury user.Preferably, the radial width of contact surface be maximum screw axis radius 10-20% and/or The 10-20% of minimum screw base radius.

In dental implant field, the width of contact surface is preferably between 0.05-0.15 mm.Preferably, screw axis is Difference between large radius and the least radius of annular contact surface is between 0.2mm and 0.4 mm.

At least one jut described can be formed such that this jut is the most at a right angle to downward with the downside of head of screw Stretch.It is preferable, however, that the one or more jut is at least taper on its radially inner side.

Such taper is for present invention offers further advantage.Tighten because screw is located against screw base, so taper Jut slightly upwards or bends to hat direction.

In three component systems, this is particularly advantageous, is such as connected to by tooth abutment when employing single screw member During graft.As time goes on and use, abutment sink the most slightly in graft.System in prior art In, this causes screw base to sink away from head of screw, therefore decreases the friction between component.By use or dynamic test it After turn on screw needed for remove moment of torsion, this is it will be evident that this moment of torsion is always initially inserted into moment of torsion significantly less than use.

But, it has been surprisingly seen that the screw designs of this preferred embodiment is except adding screw during inserting Outside the peak torque that can bear, too increase and remove moment of torsion.This is considered as because the bending of above-mentioned head of screw is caused. This makes head of screw can play the effect of spring, because abutment sinks during use, head of screw stretches along with abutment (unflex) and reduce so that between screw base and head of screw, contact is maintained greatly.Therefore, which increase and turn on Remove moment of torsion needed for screw, thus add the safety of connection.

The preferably radially inner side of the one or more jut is downward with the angle of most preferably 20 ° between 15 ° and 25 ° Form taper.Preferably, taper at least partly preferably completely bends on a radius.When taper only part bends, this bending The near-end of jut should be preferably placed at.

The axial location of the bottom of head of screw is limited by annular contact surface, according to the annular contact surface of the present invention Gap radial separation is passed through with the interior section of head of screw.The radial inner portion of the bottom of head of screw is connected to screw axis.Spiral shell The radius of this part of ailhead can be equal to R₁, or in some cases more than R₁As long as this radius is less than the minimum of screw base Radius.

Preferably, screw includes the transition portion between head of screw and screw axis so that the taper of jut originates in R₁ Inner radial.This makes the radical length of conical protrusion longer, this is turn increases spring effect.When taper on a radius During bending, this bending is preferably extended to and forms at least some of of undercutting.

Undercutting can be located in screw axis or in head of screw or in screw axis and head of screw.In a preferred embodiment, undercutting It is at least partially disposed in screw axis so that the radius of the upper end of screw axis is less than R₁.Which increase screw axis and screw base edge Between tolerance.

Head of screw provides conical protrusion be considered itself possess creativeness, therefore, come from another point of view See, the invention provides and include screw member and the fastening system of seat component.Screw member includes that axle, axle prolong along longitudinal axis Stretch and maximum radius is R₁, described axle includes that threaded portion, described screw member further include at the head of one end of screw axis, institute State head and include bottom, maximum radius R of bottom₂Maximum radius more than screw axis so that the downside of the exposure of head of screw is radially Extend beyond the maximum radius of screw axis.Seat component includes screw slots, and these screw slots include planar screw seat, planar screw seat Least radius R₃Equal to or more than R₁.The bottom of head of screw includes annular contact surface, is used for abutting this screw base, described ring-type The far-end of the jut that contact surface is downwardly extended by least one on the downside of head of screw is formed, and wherein said at least one At least in its footpath, inside inner side is taper to the individual jut downwardly extended.

Preferably, the least radius of contact surface is more than the least radius of screw base.According to the screw member in terms of this Can be 10008 additionally or alternatively for having any or all preferred feature discussed in this article.

It has been found that use the screw member according to the present invention, the peak torque that screw member can bear can increase to 10%。

According to the invention it is thus possible to reduce the incidence rate of screw fail, without system being made external dimensions or material Material change.Need not the shape to clamping component such as graft and abutment or volume makes change.

Preferably, screw member is integrally formed.

The screw member of the present invention and seat component can be used in employing any technical field of standard flat head screw.This Bright is to have especially in there is the system of change ability of the limited external dimensions to clamping component such as dental implant system system Profit.It is therefore preferred that screw member is tooth screw member.This may be used for being attached directly to dental implant thing or other tooth structure Such as second implant component such as tooth abutment of part.It is preferable, however, that screw member is to be arranged to by an implant component such as Abutment or other second component are attached to the tooth screw of another component such as graft.Tooth screw may be alternatively used for such as false Body is attached to abutment.

For avoiding doubt, tooth screw is the element for a component is clamped to another component.Therefore, it is possible to regarded " the 3rd component " for system.Tooth screw does not originally perform except being attached to by another component via clamping in dental implant system is united Any function outside system.By contrast, when the screw member of the present invention is the second implant component, once it is attached to move Plant this will perform other function.Such as, when cover screw fixture cover seal during Integrated implant graft and around graft auxiliary When helping gums molding, abutment is that prosthese provides supporting construction.It is interim that prosthese provides one or many natural teeth Or permanent replacing.

In a preferred embodiment, screw member includes dentistry second component such as abutment, and seat component includes tooth Graft.In this embodiment, screw slots are formed by the endoporus in graft.Planar screw seat can be formed in this hole Or can be formed by the hat end face of graft, i.e. at the hat end of screw slots.

In another preferred embodiment, seat component includes tooth second component, and screw member is for by second component It is fixed to the tooth screw of graft.In such embodiments, screw base is usually located in screw slots, and these screw slots run through second Component.This second component can be such as tooth abutment or die bar.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Now will only pass through example and describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1A shows substrate screw of the prior art；

Figure 1B shows details X in Figure 1A；

Fig. 2 A shows the substrate screw according to the present invention；

Fig. 2 B shows details X in Fig. 2 A；

Fig. 3 A shows the schematic diagram that the screw in Fig. 1 contacts with the screw base of second component；

Fig. 3 B shows the schematic diagram that the screw in Fig. 2 contacts with same screw base；And

Fig. 4-6 shows the design substituting seat head according to the present invention；

Fig. 7 shows the substrate view (base view) of the screw member according to the present invention；

Fig. 8 shows the substrate view of screw member according to another embodiment of the present invention；And

Fig. 9 shows the abutment according to the present invention.

Detailed description of the invention

Figure 1A and B shows the substrate screw 1 according to prior art systems.It includes the spiral shell extended along longitudinal axis 5 Nail axle 2.At its far-end, axle 2 includes threaded portion 3, selects the size of screw thread and pitch to engage with the internal thread hole with graft.? Its end opposite, axle 2 is connected to head of screw 4.4 are included in the hollow bulb 6 in its hat end, and this hollow bulb shape is designed to allow for inserting Enter driving instrument such as screwdriver.Hollow bulb 6 has noncircular symmetry profile so that moment of torsion can be transferred to from driving instrument Screw 1.

The bottom of 4 or maximum radius R on top₂Maximum radius R more than axle 2₁.This causes by the downside 8 of head of screw 4 The annular contact surface formed.Because the abutment engaged with screw or other component must include being dimensioned to allow screw The screw slots that axle 2 passes through, so the maximum possible contact area between head of screw 4 and screw base is π (R₂ ²-R₁ ²)。

It should be noted that maximum radius R of bottom₂Total maximum radius less than head of screw 4.The table this is because cut sth. askew Bottom is connected to the excircle of head of screw 4 by face 9.Which improve the screw 1 cooperation in screw slots, as demonstrate,proving after a while As bright.

Despite this inclined-plane, downside 8 provides relatively large surface area, and 4 can be by this surface area contact Other second component or the screw base of abutment.It addition, this surface area is from maximum radius R of screw axis 2₁Stretch out.

Fig. 2 A shows the screw 10 according to the present invention.The screw axis phase of this screw axis 12 and the existing screw shown in Fig. 1 With, and be included in the threaded portion 13 of its far-end and be connected to head of screw 14 in end opposite.Again, head of screw 14 includes shape It is configured to allow for the hollow bulb 16 engaged with driving instrument.Although being shown in far-end, but, alternately may be used in threaded portion 13 The axially different position being set on axle 2.

Being contrasted with prior art, the downside 18 of head of screw 14 is not plane but alternatively includes that downwardly extend dashes forward Play portion 17.Jut 17 is formed down taper towards planar distal end surface, which defines bottom or the top 15 of head of screw 14.Taper It is formed on radial outside by inclined-plane 19 and is formed on radially inner side by concave surface.

The shape of downside 18 has resulted in be had less than R₂-R₁The annular contact surface of width and be located towards The outer radius of head of screw 14.The shape of head of screw adds the friction radius of screw, thus adds to overcome head of screw Moment of torsion needed for frictional resistance.

This proves with reference to Fig. 3 A and B.Fig. 3 A shows that the screw 1 in Fig. 1 is in three parts implant systems The schematic diagram of partial cross section.Abutment 20 includes the screw slots 21 with crown part and top component, by the rank forming screw base 22 The diameter that jumps change separates.Screw base 22 is plane and the longitudinal axis being perpendicular to system 5.Due to manufacture method, from screw slots The outer wall of the crown part of 21 is bending to the transition of seat 22.

Abutment 20 is placed in the endoporus 31 of graft 30.This hole shape is designed as accommodating abutment 20 snugly, and wraps Include threaded portion 33.

In order to abutment 20 is connected to graft 30, screw 1 is through screw slots 21 until the threaded portion 3 of screw 1 can connect Close the threaded portion 33 of graft.By tightening screw 1,4 are forced to drop on screw base 22 and abutment 20 are clamped in shifting In plant 30.

The chamfered edge 9 of head of screw 4 stops any interference in the curve transition region to screw slots 21 (interference).The plane surface of downside 8 produces the broad contact area C between head of screw 4 and screw base 22₁。 The friction radius of the system shown in Fig. 3 A is mean radius R of this contact area_F1。

When moment of torsion is the most not shown via hollow bulb 6() when being applied to screw 1, a part for this moment of torsion will be used for Overcoming the following frictional resistance of head of screw 4, another part overcomes the frictional resistance of screw thread and remainder to incite somebody to action by being used for Tighten screw the tension force increasing in screw body.Apply too much moment of torsion to make screw 1 over-tension and cause it to rupture And breakage.

Fig. 3 B shows the implant system identical with Fig. 3 A, but this time screw 10 for being connected to shifting by abutment 20 Plant 30.As it can be seen, the jut 17 downwardly extended significantly reduces the contact between head of screw 14 and screw base 22 Region C₂。

It is interesting to note that do not deposit contact between the surfaces at the radially innermost portion region of screw base 22, because screw The least radius of the contact surface of head is more than the least radius R of screw base 22₃.Because screw axis 12 allows for through screw base 22 top component arriving screw slots 21, so this radius is similar to maximum radius R of screw axis 12₁。

Radial inner region at screw base 22 lacks contact and adds friction radius R of system_F2, therefore add and overcome Moment of torsion needed for head of screw 14 frictional resistance below.By using according to the screw of the present invention, applied moment of torsion less by hundred Proportion by subtraction will be used for making screw body tensioning, and therefore screw 10 can bear more moment of torsion before over-tension occurs.

Jut 17 is positioned to as far as possible near the radial outer edge of head of screw 14, in order to increase friction radius R_F2.Additionally, it is prominent The distal surface playing portion 17 is the narrowest.

The jut 17 of the screw 10 shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 B has conical surface on its radially inner side.This has separately Outer benefit, because it allows head of screw 14 to bend.Because head of screw 14 is pulled downward on screw base 22, so conical surface Jut can somewhat be pivoted.Head of screw 14 thereby serves to the effect of load spring.During using abutment 20, this enters one Step is sunk or sinks in graft hole 31.In prior art systems, the moment of torsion removed needed for screw 1 is which reduced.But, Use according to the present invention the screw of preferred embodiment because abutment 20 sink lower in graft 30, pyramidal projections Portion 17 does not bends, and therefore maintains and preferably contacts with screw base.Even if this also results in after long-time use abutment 20 Higher remove moment of torsion.

In order to increase the length of this taper, screw 10 is included in the undercutting of the transition portion of screw axis 12 to head of screw 14 11.Which increase the spring effect of jut 17, additionally also add the tolerance between head of screw 14 and screw base 22.At this In embodiment, the curve of taper is extended to and forms a part for undercutting 11.

The screw with the design shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is compared test.Result shows, the most broken Damage moment of torsion 57.8Ncm in the case of the 51.8Ncm in the case of screw 1 increases to screw 10.Additionally, using 280N After load carries out testing fatigue, with the 17.9Ncm about screw 1 remove moment compared with, the moment that removes of screw 10 is 26.1Ncm。

Fig. 4-6 shows some further embodiments of the present invention.Fig. 4 shows the screw with conical protrusion 47 44, this conical protrusion end points to the top 45 forming 44 forms taper (taper), is positioned at the outer half of described head of screw At footpath.This screw 40 provides the optimal friction radius possible to the screw with given outer radius, and this screw can be used In allowing the situation of manufacturing tolerance, such as, when screw base 22 is formed by the outer surface of seat component and/or extends radially past screw During head.This embodiment is characterized with undercutting 41, and this undercutting adds the spring effect of conical protrusion 47.This undercutting 41 In head of screw 44.

Fig. 5 show replacement head of screw 54, in this head of screw, jut 57 with right angle from the beginning 54 downside 58 extend.Carry For flat top 55 and contact surface, preferable screw concordance and predictability are possibly realized.In this embodiment, Undercutting is there is not between axle and the transition portion of head.

Fig. 6 shows the head of screw 64 with wavy downside 68, and this wavy downside causes the jut 67 of bending.Here, Undercutting 61 extends in both screw axis 62 and head of screw 64.

Fig. 7 shows the summary bottom view of the screw according to the present invention.The radius of head of screw 74 is more than the half of screw axis 72 Footpath and therefore from screw axis 72 stretch out formation on the downside of 78.The beveled surface 79 radial edges in downside 78 and head of screw 74 Circumferential edges between extend.The downside 78 of head of screw 74 includes extending to form continuous print annular contact surface along top-direction The jut of the distal surface of C.The position of jut, width and shape can change, as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 4-6.At Fig. 7 In, single jut extends 360 ° to form consistent continuous print contact surface around the longitudinal axis of screw.

It is also possible that contact surface is formed by multiple juts.This figure 8 illustrates.Here it can be seen that, spiral shell The downside 88 of ailhead 84 includes multiple jut 87, and the plurality of jut 87 also is able to be had shown in previous embodiment Any shape, each extends to distal surface to top, and these distal surfaces combine to form breakage or discontinuous Annular contact surface C.

Essentially describe the present invention already in connection with single screw member above, this single screw member can be used in by Second component such as abutment is connected to graft.But, it is also possible that second component itself forms the screw member of the present invention. When need not to determine know component relative to the accurate Angle Position of graft time, typically directly second component is screwed into graft In.This being directly connected to is usually used in such as when graft is intended to for supporting bridge work, i.e. for replacing the single vacation of multiple teeth During body.In this case, bridge work is attached to two or more graft, and these multiple junction points thus define bridge work Angular orientation.Other second component, is used and the cover screw fixture cover of not supporting prostheses, it is also possible to be thread directly into transplanting the most temporarily In thing.

Fig. 9 shows the second component being designed to be connected directly to graft.Component 90 includes having threaded portion 93 for being threaded io the axle 92 of graft.Component 90 farther includes 94, its in use project into from graft and/ Or pass through soft tissue.

The bottom of 94 or the radius on top are more than the radius of axle 92 so that create downside 98.Downside 98 includes to top The jut 97 that portion extends, this jut extends 360 ° around the longitudinal axis of component so that define annular contact surface.Figure The details lived with circle circle in 9 is very similar to the structure in the screw 10 shown in Fig. 2 A.The annular contact surface of component 90 Least radius more than the maximum radius of axle 92 and the least radius of the screw base of graft.Therefore, the friction radius of head of screw Add relative to the component of prior art.

Embodiment described above, merely for schematic purpose, the skilled person will appreciate that there may be many falls into appended Alternative arrangement within right.

All with reference after the technical characteristic being previously mentioned in any claim, these references merely for Strengthen the purpose of intelligibility of claim, therefore, such reference not to by such reference with example side The scope of each element determined by formula plays any restriction effect.

Claims (13)

1. a fastening system, including screw member (10) and seat component (20),

Described screw member includes

Screw axis (12), extends along longitudinal axis (5) and maximum radius is R₁, described screw axis includes threaded portion (13),

Described screw member further includes at the head of screw (14) of one end of screw axis,

Described head of screw includes bottom (15), maximum radius R of bottom (15)₂Maximum radius more than screw axis so that described spiral shell The downside (18) of the exposure of ailhead extends radially past the maximum radius of described screw axis,

Described seat component includes

Screw slots (21), described screw slots (21) include that least radius is R₃Planar screw seat (22), described R₃Equal to or more than R₁,

The bottom of wherein said head of screw includes annular contact surface (C), is used for abutting described planar screw seat, described ring-type connects Touch surface to be formed by the far-end of the one or more juts (17) downwardly extended on the downside of head of screw, described ring-type connect Touch the least radius least radius more than described planar screw seat on surface so that the inner most region of described planar screw seat Will not contact described head of screw during use, wherein said one or more juts (17) downwardly extended are at least in its footpath Being taper on inner side, wherein said screw member (10) is included in the transition part between screw axis (12) and head of screw (14) The undercutting (11) divided so that the taper of the one or more jut downwardly extended (17) originates in R₁Inner radial.

2. fastening system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said annular contact surface (C) is by around described longitudinal axis (5) the single jut (17) of extension 360 ° is formed.

3. fastening system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein said annular contact surface (C) has consistent inside radius.

4. fastening system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein said annular contact surface (C) is positioned at described head of screw (14) Downside (18) radially outside half in.

5. the fastening system as described in aforementioned claim 1, the least radius of wherein said annular contact surface (C) is more flat than described The least radius R of face screw base (22)₃Go out the most greatly 25%.

6. fastening system as claimed in claim 5, wherein said annular contact surface (C) is positioned at described planar screw seat (22) Least radius R₃128-140% in the range of.

7. fastening system as claimed in claim 1, the least radius of wherein said annular contact surface (C) is than screw axis (12) Maximum radius R₁Go out the most greatly 30%.

8. fastening system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said one or more juts (17) downwardly extended include putting down Smooth far-end.

9. fastening system as claimed in claim 1, the radial direction of wherein said one or more juts (17) downwardly extended Inner side is formed down taper with the angle between 15 ° and 25 °.

Fastening system the most according to claim 9, wherein said taper at least partly bends.

11. fastening systems as claimed in claim 10, the curve of wherein said taper is extended to and forms described undercutting extremely A few part.

12. fastening systems as claimed in claim 1, wherein said screw member (10) is for by attached to abutment or other component It is connected to the tooth screw of dental implant thing (30).

13. fastening systems as claimed in claim 9, the radial direction of wherein said one or more juts (17) downwardly extended Inner side is formed down taper with the angle of 20 °.