CN102546251B - Hybrid-detection-technology-based network topology discovery and automatic topology method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a topology automatic-discovery and breadth-first loop tree layout method based on a simple network management protocol (SNMP) and an Internet control message protocol (ICMP), and belongs to the field of network management and control. The method comprises the following steps of: performing SNMP polling to automatically discover connection relations among all the network equipment of a managed network and connection relations between the network equipment and sub-networks, and storing the connection relations into a database; discovering active hosts in all the sub-networks by using a ping tool in the ICMP, and storing the connection information of the active hosts into the database; and obtaining the loop topology of all the network equipment and the sub-networks in the managed network on the basis of a breadth-first search algorithm, wherein the active hosts in the sub-networks form Y connection with routers of the sub-networks. By the method, the connection relations among all the network equipment, the connection relations between the network equipment and the sub-networks and the active hosts in the sub-networks in the managed network are automatically discovered, and the topology of the managed network is hierarchically and visually displayed to a network manager.

Description

Based on discovering network topology and autoplacement method and the system of mixing Detection Techniques

Technical field

The invention belongs to network management and control field in the Internet, be specifically related to a kind of discovering network topology and automation layout method based on mixing Detection Techniques.

Background technology

Computer network has been penetrated into the every aspect of social production life as the infrastructure of information-intensive society, human life style and working method have been produced to tremendous influence.But meanwhile, the expansion of network size becomes increasingly complex network topology; For supervising the network better, the first necessary topology of discovering network automatically fast.And because network node is too much, so simple layout network topology directly perceived how is also a problem that must solve in network management.

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is the standard of a manager and communications between agents, and any network equipment of a kind of access by any manufacturers produce is provided, and obtains the consistency mode of series of standards value.It is that specialized designs is for a kind of application layer protocol at IP network managing network node.SNMP provides the method for collection network management information in a kind of equipment from network, mainly uses management information bank (MIB) wherein in the present invention; MIB is the network management information database that is used and safeguarded by NMP, and it has defined a series of group of objects, and these information groups have comprised the important information of discovering network topology.Due to SNMP have simply, flexibly, favorable expandability, expense be little, be easy to the advantages such as realization, popularized very soon, and industrial standard on having come true.At present popular most topology discovery method is all based on SNMP.

Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) be one for transmit the agreement of control message between IP main frame, router.Control message refers to the message of the networks such as network is logical obstructed, whether main frame can reach, whether route can be used itself.Ping is the important tool for detection network main frame connectedness in ICMP, and almost every kind of topology discovery algorithm all uses it to some extent.

Address resolution protocol (ARP) is the agreement for the network address of computer being converted into physical address, general networking equipment is all supported it, be on the network equipment, to safeguard an ARP table, preserve the mobile host computers being directly connected with it, be therefore also widely used in topology discovery algorithm.

Discovery managed networks topology need to be carried out in two steps: the first step is that logical network topology is found, finds the annexation of this network of network equipment room, and the annexation of the network equipment and subnet; Second step is the mobile host computers of finding in each subnet.Snmp protocol in 3 agreements recited above is used for realizing the first step; And ICMP agreement and ARP agreement are for finding mobile host computers in subnet.Although ARP agreement is efficiently quick, real-time is bad, and the main frame of can not real-time deletion having cut out, can not add the main frame that newly adds subnet timely.On the contrary, ICMP agreement but can be surveyed all main frames of activity; In order to improve discovery efficiency, a harvester is installed to the each logical subnetwork in managed networks.

Network topology layout algorithm mainly contains following several at present: tree topology algorithm, annular layout algorithm, heuristic placement algorithm, stochastic modeling placement algorithm, the placement algorithm based on repulsion tension model and the placement algorithm based on abstract point.But because of usually, above algorithm all can not well be effective from aspects such as the efficiency of algorithm and the effects of layout.Therefore, a kind of demonstration well arranged, directly perceived, the simple breadth First ring-type efficiently of algorithm tree placement algorithm have obtained realization.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of discovering network topology and automation layout method based on mixing Detection Techniques, the topology of automatic discovery managed networks that can be rapidly and efficiently, and well topological layout is shown to network management personnel.

To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is:

Based on the discovering network topology and the automation layout system that mix Detection Techniques, comprising:

Logical topology harvester M, for the station server in managed networks, the information providing by obtaining the snmp protocol of the routing device direct-connected with it, find the logical topology of whole managed networks, and the link information of the connection between the routing device of discovery and routing device and subnet is stored in database server DB;

Distributed information harvester C1, C2 ... Cn, find the mobile host computers in subnet by the ping instrument in ICMP, and the link information between the mobile host computers in subnet and routing device is stored in database server DB, quantity and n that n is information collection machine are greater than 1;

Database server DB, for storing the topological data of managed networks, is also simultaneously the interface between each member in the topological automatic discovering of composition based on SNMP and ICMP and layout system;

Web server WS, database server DB is mutual, obtains the topology in database server DB, carries out topological layout's algorithm, by the topological layout of managed networks;

Browser BS, with user interactions, provides human-computer interaction interface to the user as network management personnel, and the layout result of Web server WS is offered to network management personnel.

Based on above system, the present invention also provides a kind of discovering network topology and automation layout method based on mixing Detection Techniques, comprises the following steps:

Step 1, utilize logical topology harvester M to obtain connection between the routing device of managed networks and the annexation of routing device and subnet by snmp protocol, and all annexations are stored in database server DB, described logical topology harvester M is the station server in managed networks;

Step 2, utilize n distributed information harvester C1, C2, Cn, the subnet information of the routing device obtaining according to step 1, obtains all mobile host computers information in all-ones subnet, and the link information between all mobile host computers and routing device is stored in database server DB, wherein n is greater than 1;

Step 3, utilizes Web server WS to obtain the topology in database server DB, carries out topological layout's algorithm, will after the topological layout of managed networks, offer network management personnel by browser BS.

In described step 1, obtaining by following steps of annexation completes:

Step 1.1, first be defined as follows several data structures: for representing the data structure Router of routing device, for representing the Subnet of subnet, for the AllRouters queue of all routing device information of storage networking, for storing not the routing device queue AccessRouters of access and for storing the Subnets queue of all-ones subnet, and all queues of initialization be sky;

Step 1.2, described logical topology harvester M obtains and the ip of its routing device that is directly connected by carrying out ipconfig order, obtain the community collection of routing devices all in managed networks by configuration file, wherein community is with the password that visits the information that routing device snmp protocol provides, the information of this routing device is added to AllRouters queue and AccessRouters queue, and deposit database server DB in;

Step 1.3, to from AccessRouters queue, go out team with the direct-connected routing device of logical topology harvester M, and obtain the information in the MIB of this routing device with ip and community, can obtain other all routing devices of being connected with this routing device or the information of subnet, add accordingly AllRouters, AccessRouters and Subnets queue, and the link information of the link information between these information and routing device and routing device and subnet is deposited in database server DB;

Step 1.4, give routing device execution steps 1.3 all in AccessRouters, and so forth until be empty in AccessRouters, can find annexation between all routing devices in managed networks and the annexation of routing device and subnet.

In described step 2, obtaining by following steps of mobile host computers information completes:

Step 2.1, definition is for the AllRouters queue of all routing device information of storage networking, each distributed information harvester Ci, from AllRouters, take out it and be responsible for the all-ones subnet information of all routing devices gathering, wherein i ∈ (1,2,3 ..., n);

Step 2.2, each distributed information harvester Ci finds the mobile host computers in all-ones subnet with ping instrument, and the link information of mobile host computers and routing device is deposited in database server DB, wherein i ∈ (1,2,3 ..., n);

Step 2.3, repeats above-mentioned steps, until all distributed information harvester Ci stop gathering, the topology of whole managed networks just all deposits in database server DB.

In described step 3, carry out topological layout's algorithm and the topological layout of managed networks specifically completed by following steps:

Step 3.1, if the routing device in topological layout and subnet icon radius size are r, Web server WS takes out the entrance routing device Rin of managed networks from database server DB, taking Rin as initial execution breadth-first search, obtain a Ge Yi Rin center, other routing devices breadth First ring-type tree topology layout around Rin, the degree of depth is d, wherein Rin is tree root, 0 layer, the following variable of definition again: for 1≤k≤d, interface number direct-connected in all routing devices of k-1 layer is N to the maximum _k, according to can obtain a comparatively suitable R _k, wherein R _d+1=r;

Step 3.2, draws at the center Screen of browser BS the routing device icon that a size is r, represents Rin, with the direct-connected all routing devices of Rin or subnet layout centered by this icon, with R ₁on annulus for radius;

Step 3.3, in like manner, the 2nd layer of upper all routing device also centered by this routing device, R ₂for radius comes layout and direct-connected all routing devices or the subnet icon of this routing device;

Step 3.4, in like manner, the icon of the good all layers of layout; Query Database server DB is also drawn in other connections between routing device or subnet on topological diagram more afterwards;

Step 3.5, will couple together by star method between main frame movable in each subnet and subnet; On the basis of above-mentioned steps, obtain being connected and being connected of routing device and subnet between all routing devices, a subnet and each leaf node represents, in the time clicking this subnet icon, just can demonstrate the layout that main frames all in this subnet and routing device are Y-connection.

Compare with layout method with existing automatic topology discovery, technical method of the present invention, first can, by SNMP and ICMP agreement Real-time Collection, can more directly reflect current network topology, and real-time is better; Ring-type tree placement algorithm can be well arranged, directly perceived, simply efficiently by managed network Topology display to network management personnel; After the situation of the quick awareness network of network management personnel, the effect just can take corresponding action that network is reached to want.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the topological automatic discovering constructed according to the technology of the present invention and the schematic diagram of layout system.

Fig. 2 is basic flow sheet of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is that the logical network topology that the present invention is based on SNMP is found flow chart.

Fig. 4 is the flow chart of topological layout of the present invention algorithm.

Fig. 5 is an exemplary plot of topological layout of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an application example figure of topological layout of the present invention algorithm.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further details.

As shown in Figure 1, for the present invention is based on the discovering network topology and the automation layout system that mix Detection Techniques.Logical topology harvester M is responsible for link information between Real-time Collection routing device and the link information of routing device and subnet; Information collection machine C1 is responsible for real-time detection to Cn and goes out main frame movable in all-ones subnet, considers to adopt distributed acquisition mode for performance; It is also that system respectively forms the interface between member that database server DB is responsible for storing data simultaneously; Whole management system offers administrative staff with good human-computer interaction interface by Web server WS.

Fig. 2 is basic flow sheet of the present invention

(1) obtain IP and the community collection of the router direct-connected with M;

(2) logical topology harvester M gathers being connected and depositing in database D B of connection between routing device and routing device and subnet by snmp protocol;

(3) distributed capture machine (C1 ..., Cn) and movable main frame deposit database D B in Real-time Collection all-ones subnet;

(4) Web server WS operation placement algorithm calculates layout result;

(5) layout result is shown to network management personnel by browser BS.

Whole process is all periodically to start, and the cycle is set by the user.

Fig. 3 is that the logical network topology based on SNMP is found flow chart

(1) obtain IP and the community collection of the router direct-connected with M, wherein community collection is the SNMP access code of the all-router of managed networks;

(2) access the MIB storehouse of this router, obtain the essential information of this router, essential information is used for generating Router object instance;

(3) this router is inserted to AccessRouters and AllRouters queue, wherein AccessRouters is the router queue of not accessing, and AllRouters is the queue of whole routers of having been found that, in case repeated accesses router;

(4) take out a router R in AccessRouters, obtain the link information of the total interface of R;

(5) subnet information of subnet R interface being connected all inserts Subnets queue, and records the link information of R and subnet and Subnets information in DB;

(6) what R interface is connected is router, and the route-map occurring in AllRouters to insert in AllRouters and AccessRouters queue, and records the link information of R and router;

(7) judge whether AccessRouters is empty, and empty algorithm finishes if, and not empty redirect goes to carry out (4) step.

The flow chart of Tu4Shi topological layout of the present invention algorithm

(1) initialization wants the router of layout and the radius of subnet icon to be r, and both icons also can be different, but for layout is attractive in appearance, both are all made as r by icon radius;

(2) taking the ingress router Rin of managed networks as initial execution breadth First algorithm, obtain the tree-like layout of multilayer ring-type that a degree of depth is d, Rin is designated as 0 layer, Initial R _d+1=r, then for k all in 1≤k≤d, can obtain the direct-connected interface number of k-1 layer all-router and be N to the maximum _k, according to

can obtain a comparatively suitable R _k, initial k=0;

(3) judge whether k is greater than d-1, be not more than and continue, go to carry out (6) otherwise jump;

(4) for all router R of k layer, the icon of the router being connected with R or subnet taking R as the center of circle, R _k+1for radius layout;

(5) k++, jumps to (3);

(6) inquiring about DB is also drawn in other connections between router or subnet on topological diagram again;

(7) in each subnet, the main frame of activity and the router of this subnet are Y-connection, when network management personnel will check main frame movable in subnet, click the leaf node of subnet.

Fig. 5 is an exemplary plot of topological layout of the present invention, in figure shown in parameter d=2 in topology, r is known, N ₁=4, N ₂=3, can obtain thus R ₂and R ₁.In figure, the solid line small circle of white is router icon, and black small circle is subnet icon.In figure, the icon in bosom represents ingress router Rin, and it connects 4 routers, and these 4 routers are connected with 3 subnets respectively.How to introduce router of layout and the subnet or the router that are connected with it below as an example of layout Rin 4 router icons around example.

There is n router to be connected with it for Rin, wherein n=4, the center of circle of known Rin icon is (centerX, centerY), layout radius is R ₁.Being calculated as follows for these 4 router icons:

$X_i=\mathrm{centerX}+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="R"\; filenames="HDA0000128091080000041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}}_1\cos \left(\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{n}i\right)$

$Y_i=\mathrm{centerY}+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="R"\; filenames="HDA0000128091080000041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}}_1\sin \left(\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{n}i\right),$ Wherein 1≤i≤4

Topology that in like manner can the whole managed networks of layout.

Fig. 6 is an application example figure of topological layout of the present invention algorithm.Depth d=4, r=8, N ₁=4, N ₂=4, N ₃=4, N ₄=8, R ₁=240, R ₂=120, R ₃=50, R ₄=20, R ₅the application example of=r=8, wherein non-leaf icon represents the network equipments such as router, leaf icon represents subnet; Line represents line between the network equipment and the network equipment or the line of the network equipment and subnet.Can find by this figure, topological layout of the present invention algorithm has reached effect well arranged, intuitive layout.

Claims (4)

1. discovering network topology and the automation layout system based on mixing Detection Techniques, is characterized in that, comprising:

Logical topology harvester M, for the station server in managed networks, the information providing by obtaining the snmp protocol of the routing device direct-connected with it, find the logical topology of whole managed networks, and the link information of the connection between the routing device of discovery and routing device and subnet is stored in database server DB;

Distributed information harvester C1, C2 ... Cn, find the mobile host computers in subnet by the ping instrument in ICMP, and the link information between the mobile host computers in subnet and routing device is stored in database server DB, quantity and n that n is information collection machine are greater than 1;

Database server DB, for storing the topological data of managed networks, is also simultaneously the interface between each member in the topological automatic discovering of composition based on SNMP and ICMP and layout system;

Web server WS, database server DB is mutual, obtains the topology in database server DB, carries out topological layout's algorithm, by the topological layout of managed networks;

Browser BS, with user interactions, provides human-computer interaction interface to the user as network management personnel, and the layout result of Web server WS is offered to network management personnel;

Wherein, described topological layout algorithmic procedure is as follows:

(1) initialization wants the router of layout and the radius of subnet icon to be r;

(2) taking the ingress router Rin of managed networks as initial execution breadth First algorithm, obtain the tree-like layout of multilayer ring-type that a degree of depth is d, Rin is designated as 0 layer, Initial R _d+1=r, then for k all in 1≤k≤d, obtains the direct-connected interface number of k-1 layer all-router and is N to the maximum _k, according to

obtain a comparatively suitable R _k, initial k=0;

(3) judge whether k is greater than d-1, be not more than and continue, go to carry out (6) otherwise jump;

(4) for all router R of k layer, the icon of the router being connected with R or subnet taking R as the center of circle, R _k+1for radius layout;

(5) k++, jumps to (3);

(6) inquiring about DB is also drawn in other connections between router or subnet on topological diagram again;

(7) in each subnet, the main frame of activity and the router of this subnet are Y-connection, when network management personnel will check main frame movable in subnet, click the leaf node of subnet.

2. the discovering network topology and the automation layout method that utilize system described in claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

Step 1, utilize logical topology harvester M to obtain connection between the routing device of managed networks and the annexation of routing device and subnet by snmp protocol, and all annexations are stored in database server DB, described logical topology harvester M is the station server in managed networks;

Step 2, utilize n distributed information harvester C1, C2, Cn, the subnet information of the routing device obtaining according to step 1, obtains all mobile host computers information in all-ones subnet, and the link information between all mobile host computers and routing device is stored in database server DB, wherein n is greater than 1;

Step 3, utilizes Web server WS to obtain the topology in database server DB, carries out topological layout's algorithm, will after the topological layout of managed networks, offer network management personnel by browser BS.

3. discovering network topology according to claim 2 and automation layout method, is characterized in that: in described step 1, obtaining by following steps of annexation completes:

Step 1.1, first be defined as follows several data structures: for representing the data structure Router of routing device, for representing the Subnet of subnet, for the AllRouters queue of all routing device information of storage networking, for storing not the routing device queue AccessRouters of access and for storing the Subnets queue of all-ones subnet, and all queues of initialization be sky;

Step 1.2, described logical topology harvester M obtains and the ip of its routing device that is directly connected by carrying out ipconfig order, obtain the community collection of routing devices all in managed networks by configuration file, wherein community is with the password that visits the information that routing device snmp protocol provides, the information of this routing device is added to AllRouters queue and AccessRouters queue, and deposit database server DB in;

Step 1.3, to from AccessRouters queue, go out team with the direct-connected routing device of logical topology harvester M, and obtain the information in the MIB of this routing device with ip and community, can obtain other all routing devices of being connected with this routing device or the information of subnet, add accordingly AllRouters, AccessRouters and Subnets queue, and the link information of the link information between these information and routing device and routing device and subnet is deposited in database server DB;

Step 1.4, give routing device execution steps 1.3 all in AccessRouters, and so forth until be empty in AccessRouters, can find annexation between all routing devices in managed networks and the annexation of routing device and subnet.

4. discovering network topology according to claim 2 and automation layout method, is characterized in that: in described step 2, obtaining by following steps of mobile host computers information completes:

Step 2.1, definition is for the AllRouters queue of all routing device information of storage networking, each distributed information harvester Ci, from AllRouters, take out it and be responsible for the all-ones subnet information of all routing devices gathering, wherein i ∈ (1,2,3 ..., n);

Step 2.2, each distributed information harvester Ci finds the mobile host computers in all-ones subnet with ping instrument, and the link information of mobile host computers and routing device is deposited in database server DB, wherein i ∈ (1,2,3 ..., n);

Step 2.3, repeats above-mentioned steps, until all distributed information harvester Ci stop gathering, the topology of whole managed networks just all deposits in database server DB.

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