CN102531063A - A kind of graphene loaded WO3 nanowire composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of graphene loaded WO3 nanowire composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tungstate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical group OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Natural products CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical group [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- -1 graphite alkene Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004159 Potassium persulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019394 potassium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种石墨烯负载WO3纳米线复合材料及其制备方法，属于新材料领域。本发明的纳米复合材料具有一维与二维纳米复合结构，WO3纳米线直径为10～30纳米，长度为50～600纳米，贯穿或分布在层状石墨烯主体材料的内层或表面。其制备是以二维层状的石墨烯为客体材料，钨酸钠作为钨源，通过水热合成法生成WO3纳米线，之后将WO3纳米线与石墨氧化物分散液混合，通过光催化还原得到石墨烯负载WO3纳米线复合材料。本发明的制备工艺简单，试剂便宜，有利于大规模制备，同时为石墨氧化物还原与纳米复合材料的形成提供了一种绿色、环境有好的制备方法。
The invention discloses a graphene-loaded WO 3 nanowire composite material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of new materials. The nanocomposite material of the present invention has a one-dimensional and two-dimensional nanocomposite structure, and the WO 3 nanowires have a diameter of 10-30 nanometers and a length of 50-600 nanometers, which run through or distribute on the inner layer or surface of the layered graphene main material. Its preparation uses two-dimensional layered graphene as the guest material, sodium tungstate as the tungsten source, and generates WO 3 nanowires by hydrothermal synthesis . Reduction to obtain graphene-supported WO 3 nanowire composites. The preparation process of the present invention is simple, the reagent is cheap, and is beneficial to large-scale preparation, and at the same time, it provides a green and environmentally friendly preparation method for the reduction of graphite oxide and the formation of nanocomposite materials.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to novel material and preparing technical field thereof, relate to a kind of graphene-supported WO
3Nano wire matrix material and preparation method thereof.
Technical background
Nano composite material is because the designability of its excellent comprehensive performances, particularly its performance is widely used in fields such as chemistry, optics and electricity.In recent years, nano composite material more and more obtains paying attention to.
Tungsten oxide 99.999 is typical transition metal oxide as a kind of n N-type semiconductorN.Tungsten oxide 99.999 is except as catalysis, electrochromism, electrode materials and the solar absorptive material, also has the character of air-sensitive, temperature-sensitive and semiconductor material such as pressure-sensitive.Tungsten oxide 99.999 can be applied in fields such as air-sensitive sensing, photochemical catalysis, photoconduction and ultracapacitor.Compare with traditional tungsten sill, tungsten oxide nano has bigger specific surface area, bigger surfactivity and stronger adsorptive power, has prospect widely in the functional materials Application Areas.
Graphene (graphene) is the two-dimensional nanostructure that the monolayer carbon atom is formed, and has that excellent electricity is led, thermal conductance and a mechanical property, and big specific surface area and absorption property.Utilize lamellar graphite alkene as material of main part, nano particle or the nano wire that can obtain the size homogeneous on internal layer and surface thereof are as basic structural unit.At present, the two-dimensional layered structure of people's successful use Graphene has synthesized graphene-supported metal oxide nano composite material (The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 2009,4,217-224; Journal of the American Chemical society, 2011,133,10878-10884).
Through the chemical reduction graphite oxide prepare Graphene be at present can the scale preparation Graphene a kind of method (Nature Nanotechnology 2009,4,217-224).But the strong reductant poisonous, that non-ambient is friendly that uses at present is the subject matter that chemical reduction prepares Graphene.The document that utilizes the photo catalytic reduction graphite oxide to prepare Graphene has had report.But the photo catalytic reduction method prepares graphene-supported tungsten oxide nano matrix material does not appear in the newspapers.
The unique two-dimensional layered structure of our comprehensive Graphenes; Advantage such as excellent chemical property and tungsten oxide nano are in each functional area application characteristic widely; Tungsten oxide nano is assembled in the Graphene material of main part as guest materials; Control synthesis condition, prepare a kind of one dimension and two-dimensional nano matrix material of uniqueness.
Summary of the invention
A kind of graphene-supported WO that the object of the present invention is to provide
3The nano wire matrix material is characterized in that one dimension and two-dimensional nano matrix material, WO
3Nanowire diameter is 10～30 nanometers, and length is 50～600 nanometers, runs through or be distributed in the internal layer or the surface of lamellar graphite alkene material of main part.
A kind of graphene-supported WO of the present invention
3The preparation method of nano wire matrix material may further comprise the steps:
(1) sodium wolframate is dissolved in the zero(ppm) water, adds acidity regulator, the concentration of regulating sodium tungstate solution is 0.1～1.0, and pH is 1.0～2.0;
(2) with step (1)) sodium tungstate solution that makes is transferred in the hydrothermal reaction kettle,, 120～200 ℃ of following hydro-thermal reactions 10～24 hours;
(3) the tungsten oxide nanometer material that step (2) is made is poured suction filtration in the vacuum filtration device into, uses deionized water wash, and vacuum-drying obtains WO in sintering between 300～500 ℃ after 2～4 hours under air atmosphere
3Nano wire.
(4) with the graphite oxide ultra-sonic dispersion in the agent of reductibility alcohol, the concentration of regulating graphite oxide is 0.5～10mg/mL, ultra-sonic dispersion 1～3 hour;
(5) WO that step (3) is made
3Nano wire mixes with the graphite oxide dispersion liquid that step (4) makes, and mixes back WO
3The mass ratio of nano wire and graphite oxide is 1: 0.01～0.5, transfers in the photo catalysis reactor, and the photo catalytic reduction reaction is 0.5～3 hour under simulated solar irradiation;
(6) pour the product of step (5) in vacuum filtration device suction filtration, use deionized water wash, obtain graphene-supported WO after the vacuum-drying
3The nano wire matrix material.
Concrete, the concentration of sodium tungstate solution can be 0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8,0.9 or 1.0mol/L after the concentration adjustment;
After the acidity adjustment pH value of sodium tungstate solution can be for 1.0,1.2., 1.4,1.6,1.8 or 2.0;
Hydrothermal temperature can be 120,130,140,150,160,170,180,190 or 200 ℃; The hydro-thermal reaction time can be 10,12,14,16,18,20,22 or 24 hours;
Maturing temperature can be 300,400 or 500 ℃;
Roasting time can be 1,2,3 or 4 hour;
Graphite oxide concentration can be 0.5,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 or 10mg/mL;
Ultrasonic time can be 1,1.5,2,2.5 or 3 hour;
WO
3The mass ratio of nano wire and graphite oxide can be 1: 0.01,1: 0.05,1: 0.1,1: 0.2,1: 0.3,1: 0.4 or 1: 0.5;
The light-catalyzed reaction time can be 0.5,1.0,1.5,2,2.5 or 3 hour;
On the basis of such scheme, in the step (1), described acidity regulator is one or more the compsn in acetate, hydrochloric acid, the hydrogen peroxide;
On the basis of such scheme, in the step (4), the compsn of one or more that the pure agent of described reductibility is methyl alcohol, ethanol or terepthaloyl moietie;
On the basis of such scheme, the WO that this method is prepared
3Nano wire and graphene composite material have peacekeeping two dimension composite nanostructure, are a kind of nano composite materials.
The remarkable advantage of technical scheme of the present invention is mainly reflected in:
The reduction that the photo catalytic reduction technology is used for graphite oxide is a kind of green, environment-friendly method of reducing.Optical excitation WO when having hole trapping agents to exist
3The valence band hole that nano wire the produces agent that is hunted down is caught, and the result is under the effect of conduction band reduction potential, and graphite oxide is reduced into Graphene, simultaneously WO
3Internal layer or surface that nano wire is dispersed in Graphene form nano composite material.The advantage of this method is that the forming process of reduction and nano composite material of Graphene is easy, and reagent is cheap, helps mass preparation, for graphite oxide reduction preparation Graphene a kind of green, environment-friendly method of reducing is provided simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of graphene-supported WO of the present invention
3The synoptic diagram of nano wire matrix material and preparation method thereof;
Fig. 2 is the XRD figure picture of material of main part among the embodiment 1 (Graphite Powder 99 and graphite oxide);
Fig. 3 is the XRD figure picture of product among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 4 is the SEM image of product among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 5 is the TEM image of product among the embodiment 1.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
(1) preparation of graphite oxide.The 2g Graphite Powder 99 is joined 80 ℃ Potassium Persulphate (1g), and in the concentrated sulfuric acid solution (15mL) of Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES (1g), preoxidation 6 hours is cooled to room temperature afterwards, suction filtration, and washing is to neutral.The Graphite Powder 99 (2g) of preoxidation joined in 0 ℃ the 50mL concentrated sulfuric acid solution, slowly add 6g potassium permanganate afterwards, afterwards in 35 ℃ of reactions 2 hours; The ydrogen peroxide 50 that in reaction solution, slowly adds 100mL deionized water and 20mL 30% at last makes reaction terminating; Suction filtration, washing, dialysis; Make graphite oxide, its XRD figure spectrum is seen Fig. 2;
(2) WO
3The preparation of nano wire.The 3.32g sodium wolframate is joined in the 60mL zero(ppm) water, stirred 10 minutes under the room temperature, slowly drip the hydrochloric acid of 6mol/L then; Regulator solution pH is 1.5, is transferred to afterwards in the 100mL hydrothermal reaction kettle, 180 ℃ of reactions 24 hours; Suction filtration, washing was in 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings 6 hours; Under air atmosphere, 400 ℃ of roastings 2 hours, naturally cooling obtains WO
3Nano wire.The XRD figure spectrum of product is seen Fig. 2;
(3) graphite oxide dispersion liquid preparation.With 22.5mg graphite oxide ultra-sonic dispersion in the 50mL absolute ethyl alcohol, ultrasonic time 1 hour;
(4) WO that step (2) and step (3) is obtained
3Nano wire mixes with the graphite oxide dispersion liquid, is transferred to afterwards in the photo catalysis reactor, and the photo catalytic reduction reaction is 1 hour under simulated solar irradiation, filters, and washing in 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings 12 hours, obtains graphene-supported WO
3The nano wire nano composite material.The XRD figure spectrum of product is seen Fig. 2, and TEM figure sees Fig. 3, and SEM figure sees Fig. 4.
Embodiment two:
(1) with the step in the embodiment 1 (1);
(2) with the step in the embodiment 1 (2);
(3) graphite oxide dispersion liquid preparation.With 100mg graphite oxide ultra-sonic dispersion in the 70mL absolute ethyl alcohol, ultrasonic time 1.5 hours;
(4) WO that step (2) and step (3) is obtained
3Nano wire mixes with the graphite oxide dispersion liquid, is transferred to afterwards in the photo catalysis reactor, and the photo catalytic reduction reaction is 1.5 hours under simulated solar irradiation, filters, and washing in 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings 12 hours, obtains graphene-supported WO
3The nano wire nano composite material.
Embodiment three:
(1) with the step in the embodiment 1 (1);
(2) with the step in the embodiment 1 (2);
(3) graphite oxide dispersion liquid preparation.With 200mg graphite oxide ultra-sonic dispersion in the 70mL absolute ethyl alcohol, ultrasonic time 1.5 hours;
(4) WO that step (2) and step (3) is obtained
3Nano wire mixes with the graphite oxide dispersion liquid, is transferred to afterwards in the photo catalysis reactor, and the photo catalytic reduction reaction is 1.5 hours under simulated solar irradiation, filters, and washing in 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings 12 hours, obtains graphene-supported WO
3The nano wire nano composite material.
Embodiment four:
(1) with the step in the embodiment 1 (1);
(2) with the step in the embodiment 1 (2);
(3) graphite oxide dispersion liquid preparation.With 400mg graphite oxide ultra-sonic dispersion in the 70mL absolute ethyl alcohol, ultrasonic time 2 hours;
(4) WO that step (2) and step (3) is obtained
3Nano wire mixes with the graphite oxide dispersion liquid, is transferred to afterwards in the photo catalysis reactor, and the photo catalytic reduction reaction is 2 hours under simulated solar irradiation, filters, and washing in 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings 12 hours, obtains graphene-supported WO
3The nano wire nano composite material.
Embodiment five:
(1) with the step in the embodiment 1 (1);
(2) with the step in the embodiment 1 (2);
(3) graphite oxide dispersion liquid preparation.With 600mg graphite oxide ultra-sonic dispersion in the 70mL absolute ethyl alcohol, ultrasonic time 2 hours;
(4) WO that step (2) and step (3) is obtained
3Nano wire mixes with the graphite oxide dispersion liquid, is transferred to afterwards in the photo catalysis reactor, and the photo catalytic reduction reaction is 3 hours under simulated solar irradiation, filters, and washing in 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings 12 hours, obtains graphene-supported WO
3The nano wire nano composite material.
Embodiment six:
(1) with the step in the embodiment 1 (1);
(2) WO
3The preparation of nano wire.The 3.32g sodium wolframate is joined in the 60mL zero(ppm) water, stirred 10 minutes under the room temperature, slowly drip the hydrochloric acid of 6mol/L then; Regulator solution pH is 2, is transferred to afterwards in the 100mL hydrothermal reaction kettle, 160 ℃ of reactions 24 hours; Suction filtration, washing was in 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings 6 hours; Under air atmosphere, 400 ℃ of roastings 2 hours, naturally cooling obtains WO
3Nano wire;
(3) with the step in the embodiment 1 (3);
(4) WO that step (2) and step (3) is obtained
3Nano wire mixes with the graphite oxide dispersion liquid, is transferred to afterwards in the photo catalysis reactor, and the photo catalytic reduction reaction is 1.5 hours under simulated solar irradiation, filters, and washing in 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings 12 hours, obtains graphene-supported WO
3The nano wire nano composite material.
Embodiment seven:
(1) with the step in the embodiment 1 (1);
(2) WO
3The preparation of nano wire.The 3.32g sodium wolframate is joined in the 60mL zero(ppm) water, stirred 10 minutes under the room temperature, slowly drip the hydrochloric acid of 6mol/L then; Regulator solution pH is 1.5, is transferred to afterwards in the 100mL hydrothermal reaction kettle, 140 ℃ of reactions 24 hours; Suction filtration, washing was in 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings 6 hours; Under air atmosphere, 400 ℃ of roastings 2 hours, naturally cooling obtains WO
3Nano wire;
(3) with the step in the embodiment 1 (3);
(4) WO that step (2) and step (3) is obtained
3Nano wire mixes with the graphite oxide dispersion liquid, is transferred to afterwards in the photo catalysis reactor, and the photo catalytic reduction reaction is 2 hours under simulated solar irradiation, filters, and washing in 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings 12 hours, obtains graphene-supported WO
3The nano wire nano composite material.
Claims (6)
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