Background technology
Transformer insulation oil usually by the lubricating oil of deep refining as base oil, and then add the anti-oxidant modulation and form, mainly as the dielectric of electric equipment, the main performance of transformer insulation oil is cryogenic property, oxidation stability and dielectric loss for it.Its cryogenic property is meant that under cryogenic conditions heat and the necessary flowability of instantaneous trip flame current are derived in oily convection current automatically in electric equipment, and viscosity is less when generally all requiring electrical apparatus insulation oil pour point to hang down with low temperature; But in electric equipment, when oil receives the effect of heat and oxygenant under the electric field action and oxidized easily for a long time; Dielectric loss is the degree of reflection oil product its dielectric loss under AC field, and generally with tangent value (tan δ) expression of dielectric loss angle (δ), the dielectric loss that common transformer oil records in the time of 90 ℃ should be lower than 0.5%.The power transmission and transformation transformer is because the molecule that electric arc that high pressure causes and spark also can make transformer insulation oil produces cracking; Generate gas, organic acid and water isopolarity molecule; And water is that insulating oil continues oxidized catalyzer with acid; Therefore the formation of water and acid causes the conductivity of transformer insulation oil to rise, thereby can not play the effect of insulation.
At present; The monitoring method that a variety of transformer insulated oil quality are arranged; But the employed monitoring technology of these monitoring methods is also unreliable, because the employed monitoring technology majority of existing these monitoring methods is the detection to the insulation oil dissolved gas; And to realize detection to the insulation oil dissolved gas; Just must periodically on-the-spot oil sample be collected the laboratory and analyze and detect, and each the detection all must be through oil sample collection in worksite-such process of oil sample transportation-gas-oil separation-stratographic analysis.And in oil sample collection in worksite process with long-distance transportation in breadboard process; Can't avoid making the minimum gas that is dissolved in the oil sample to spill in the extraneous air of oil sample, perhaps can't avoid making in the oil sample collection in worksite process gas in the oil sample outside air or impurity to enter into the oil sample of being gathered.So, will reduce the reliability that data or result are detected in the laboratory, final detection result is existed than mistake, increase the possibility that fault is failed to report or reported by mistake.
Fig. 1 is DGA (the dissolved gas analyzer that generally uses now; Dissolved gas analysis) on-line monitoring system application drawing; As shown in Figure 1, be connected with oil guide pipe 103 in the bottom of transformer insulation oil fuel tank 102, oil guide pipe 103 imports DGA monitoring system 101 with the oil in the fuel tank 102 and detects; Because of it is that the insulation oil dissolved gas is detected; When the minimum gas of required monitoring generated, because the density of the far away little insulating oil far away of density of gas, the minimum gas that therefore generates tended to the motion of the top of fuel tank; And make minimum gas away from the oil guide pipe 103 that is in the fuel tank bottom (bottom that the conduit of absorption oil sample is installed in oil tank of transformer is accidents such as point discharge of avoiding conduit to cause); Cause DGA on-line monitoring result error to occur, make a big impact, caused great blindness to maintenance work to judging the oil-filled equipment inner fault type and the order of severity thereof; Strengthened unnecessary maintenance cost, thereby transformer and power transmission and transformation system valuable, high value are among the uncertain danger; In addition, though DGA itself is the miniaturization of laboratory equipment, volume is but still huge, and needs periodic replacement gas and need constant temperature oven, but its reliability is but not high; Also exist some electrical networks at present after the DGA on-line monitoring system has been installed, still need regular hand sampling, bring back the laboratory and detect, therefore still can't avoid for a series of problems in the sampling process.
Above-mentioned method to insulation oil dissolved gas monitoring is to be proposed by the U.S. scientist nineteen fifty-two, its be a kind of indirectly and have the technology of certain delay because the limitation of technology before 60 years, so this technology not too is applicable to present stage.In fact; National standard (GB2536-90) all is by the liquid parameter decision of insulating oil to the technical requirement of transformer insulation oil, comprises density, viscosity, acid number, active sulfur, water soluble acid, water-soluble alkali, moisture, transparency, specific inductive capacity, resistivity of insulating oil or the like.Although there is standard in country at present; The liquid condition of above-mentioned technology and transformer insulation oil is carried out indirect related, but above-mentioned monitoring means to the insulation oil dissolved gas can not play effective function to prevention Accident of Transformer in the existing national standard and protection transformer equipment.
Again because the essence of transformer insulation oil is exactly lubricating oil, and in recent years, for the means and the technology of engine oil monitoring very big progress has been arranged but, be used to detect the United States Patent (USP) of lubricating oil below for example:
In U.S. Pat 7148611, a kind of full-service fluid property sensor (Multiple function bulk acoustic wave liquid property sensor) is disclosed, be used to obtain corrosivity, viscosity and the conductivity of measuring liquid; In the U.S. Pat 7322243, disclose a kind of sonic sensor system (Acoustic wave etch rate sensor system), be used to monitor the degree of corrosion of oils; In U.S. Pat 7321117, a kind of optical sensor (Optical particulate sensor in oil quality detection) that detects particle in the oil is disclosed, be used for detecting the particulate matter of oil; In U.S. Pat 7243549, a kind of sound wave lubrication sensor (Acoustic wave lubricity sensor) is disclosed, be used for the greasy property of liquid is carried out test volume; In U.S. Pat 7204128, a kind of sensor (Engine wear and oil quality sensor) of monitoring engine scuffing and quality of lubrication oil is disclosed; In U.S. Pat 7219536; Disclose a kind of multifunction sensor system and method (System and method to determine oil quality utilizing a single multi-function surface acoustic wave sensor) of monitoring oil quality, it utilizes sonic sensor to obtain engine oil viscosity and corrosivity data; In U.S. Pat 7293450; A kind of structure (Oil quality sensor structure for permanent applications) that prolongs the lubricating oil monitoring sensor life-time is disclosed; This structure is formed piezoelectric substrate by Piezoelectric Substrates and one or more remote sensing figure layers; Form protective seam through remote sensing figure layer, thereby prolong the serviceable life of sensor.
Although the described technological means of above-mentioned United States Patent (USP) is very effective to the monitoring of engine oil; But above-mentioned technological means but can not directly be used for transformer insulation oil is monitored; This is owing to following reason causes: at first; Transformer equipment itself still has certain difference with engine, and the working temperature of the oil in these two kinds of equipment is different, and the variation of the thermograde that oil is experienced is also different; Secondly, the material that oil contacted in these two kinds of equipment is also different, i.e. the metallics difference that contacted with engine oil of the container contents of transformer oil (like insulating paper etc.); In addition, the interpolation material in transformer insulation oil and the engine oil is also different; Moreover transformer insulation oil is also different with the polluter that engine oil possibly suffer, the polluter that suffers like transformer insulation oil possibly be a water, and the polluter that engine oil possibly suffer also has refrigerating fluid, fuel wet goods; Cause impurity product and the impurity product in the engine oil in the transformer insulation oil different for these reasons, the standard of therefore estimating two kinds of oil is also different.
Based on above-mentioned these problems and a difficult problem; Cause the monitoring of transformer insulated oil quality is become current China power transmission and transformation industry difficult point; Especially become difficult point and technical bottleneck that China's power transmission and transformation network operation and intelligent grid are built; And up to now, good solution is still failed to propose in this field.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of system that transformer insulated oil component changes that monitors; Through some predetermined substances that generate in the transformer insulation oil metamorphic process are carried out direct or indirect monitoring; To obtain the liquid condition information of insulating oil; The information that comprises various physics, chemistry, material and the newly-generated impurity substances composition and the change in concentration of insulating oil; With the quality and the equipment running of comprehensive assessment insulating oil, thereby realize real-time monitoring to transformer insulated oil component variation, and to proposing scientific and effective suggestion the opportunity of changing insulating oil.
The present invention discloses a kind of system that transformer insulated oil component changes that monitors in order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, and comprising:
Detection module is used to detect the liquid condition of transformer insulation oil, to obtain the various the physical-chemical parameters of the transformer insulated oil component of reflection;
Processor module is used to obtain and handle the detected parameters of said detection module, and the operation of controlling said detection module.
Further, said detection module comprises the detection fuel tank that holds insulating oil to be detected, is arranged at the absorption that detects on fuel tank casing insulating oil to be detected and gets into the oil-feed device that detects fuel tank internal, discharge and detect the fuel-displaced device that detected insulating oil in the fuel tank and release and detect the exhaust apparatus of gas in the fuel tank and be arranged at and detect the heater block that insulating oil to be detected is heated of fuel tank internal and the first sensor device that insulating oil to be detected is directly detected.
Further, said detection module also comprises the oil guide pipe that is connected with the oil-feed device, and said insulating oil to be detected gets into through oil guide pipe and detects in the fuel tank, is provided with second sensor device that insulating oil to be detected is directly detected at said oil guide pipe inwall.
Further; Said oil-feed device is formed by being arranged at the oil inlet pipe, oil inlet pipe valve and the oil-feed absorption parts that detect on the fuel tank casing; By opening or closing of said processor module control oil inlet pipe valve, draw parts by oil-feed and draw insulating oil entering detection fuel tank to be detected through oil inlet pipe.
Further; Said exhaust apparatus comprise be arranged at the gas outlet that detects on the fuel tank casing, exhaust valve, to detecting pressure detecting part that tank pressure detects and the liquid level position detection part of confirming the liquid level position of insulating oil to be detected, by said processor module opening or closing according to the detected parameters control exhaust valve of pressure detecting part and liquid level position detection part.
Further; Said fuel-displaced device is formed by being arranged at the flowline, flowline valve and the oil extraction parts that detect on the fuel tank casing; Control opening or closing of flowline valve by said processor module, discharge to detect in the fuel tank through flowline by the oil extraction parts and detected insulating oil.
Further, said first sensor device is a kind of or any several kinds combination in alkali sensor, acid sensor, viscosity sensor, specific inductive capacity sensor, dielectric dissipation factor sensor, alternating current-direct current impedance transducer, active sulfur sensor, transparency sensor, particle sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor and the chemical constitution absorption sensor.
Further, said second sensor device is a kind of or any several kinds combination in the sense of alkali sensing, acid sensor, viscosity sensor, specific inductive capacity sensor, dielectric dissipation factor sensor, alternating current-direct current impedance transducer, active sulfur sensor, transparency sensor, particle sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor and the chemical constitution absorption sensor.
Further; Said acid sensor is a kind of resistance sensor, capacitance type sensor or oscillator type sensor, and the electrode of the electrode of the resistance resistance body of said resistance sensor, said capacitance type sensor and said oscillator type sensor is that a kind of easy sensitive material by acid and water erosion is processed.
Further; Said alkali sensor is a kind of resistance sensor, capacitance type sensor or oscillator type sensor, and the electrode of the electrode of the resistance resistance body of said resistance sensor, said capacitance type sensor and said oscillator type sensor is that a kind of being prone to processed by the sensitive material of alkali reaction.
Further; Said active sulfur sensor is a kind of resistance sensor, capacitance type sensor or oscillator type sensor, and the electrode of the electrode of the resistance resistance body of said resistance sensor, said capacitance type sensor and said oscillator type sensor is that a kind of sensitive material that is prone to being corroded property reaction of Salmon-Saxl is processed.
Further; Said oscillator type sensor is LC (inductance and electric capacity) oscillator type sensor, RC (resistance and electric capacity) oscillator type sensor, RLC (resistance; Inductance, electric capacity) oscillator type sensor or the pierce oscillator, magnetostriction oscillator or the electrostriction oscillator that constitute by the circuit of equivalent RLC.
Further, said system also comprises control center, and said processor module transmits detected parameters to control center through wired or wireless mode.
Further, said processor module adopts fpga chip to realize.
Further, said fpga chip has ethernet interface and serial communication interface.
Adopt the beneficial effect of the invention described above technical scheme to be: the system that the transformer insulated oil component of monitoring of the present invention changes is through directly monitoring some predetermined substances that generate in the transformer insulation oil metamorphic process; To obtain the liquid condition information of insulating oil; The information that comprises various physics, chemistry, material and the newly-generated impurity substances composition and the change in concentration of insulating oil; Than existing through to the measurement of gas parameter and go indirectly to infer that the method for insulating oil liquid condition is many reliably; Thereby quality and equipment running that can the comprehensive assessment insulating oil; Through the real-time monitoring that transformer insulated oil component is changed, to propose scientific and effective suggestion the opportunity to the replacing insulating oil.In addition, its volume of system of the present invention is little, effective storage life is grown (need not to change gas), be more suitable for field environment uses (need not constant temperature enclosure), and has characteristics such as use is simple, sensitivity, good reliability.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing principle of the present invention and characteristic are described, institute gives an actual example and only is used to explain the present invention, is not to be used to limit scope of the present invention.
Need to prove; In patent of the present invention; The transformer insulated oil component of said monitoring change system was directed against is not the detection of gas in the transformer insulation oil; But the liquid component of transformer insulation oil is directly detected, as the anti-oxidant in the insulating oil, acid, water or other polar molecules are detected.
Fig. 2 is the monitoring application drawing of system in the embodiment of the invention, and is as shown in Figure 2, and monitoring system 200 of the present invention is connected through the bottom of oil pipe 103 with insulating oil fuel tank 102, and the liquid component of the insulating oil that 200 pairs of oil pipes of monitoring system 103 import is monitored.In embodiments of the present invention; Because be insulating oil liquid is detected itself; And the density of oxious component that in insulating oil, is generated such as oxious components such as water or acid is greater than the density of oil; Therefore the objectionable constituent that generate in the insulation are tended to the motion of the bottom of fuel tank 102; And make objectionable constituent in the insulating oil can be smoothly oil pipe 103 through fuel tank 102 bottoms arrive monitoring system 200, make monitoring system 200 can monitor the variation of insulating oil liquid component in the very first time, obtain reflecting the parameter of insulating oil quality through the variation of insulating oil liquid component.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of system that transformer insulated oil component changes that monitors, and Fig. 3 is the logical organization block diagram of system in the embodiment of the invention, and is as shown in Figure 3: said system comprises:
Detection module 201 is used to detect the liquid condition of transformer insulation oil, to obtain the various the physical-chemical parameters of the transformer insulated oil component of reflection;
Processor module 202 is used to obtain and handle the detected parameters of said detection module 201, and the operation of controlling said detection module 201;
In this embodiment, said system can also comprise control center 203, and said processor module 202 transmits detected parameters to control center 203 through wired or wireless mode.In the present embodiment, said control center 203 can be long-range Internet of Things center or service centre, also can be local control system.
Those skilled in the art better understand principle of the present invention for ease, below describe the inner structure of system of the present invention through concrete embodiment, and institute gives an actual example and only is used to explain the present invention, is not to be used to limit scope of the present invention:
Fig. 4 is the cut-away view of system implementation mode one of the present invention, and is as shown in Figure 4:
In embodiments of the present invention, the detection module 201 of said system comprises the detection fuel tank 301 that holds insulating oil to be detected, is arranged at the absorption that detects on fuel tank 301 casings insulating oil to be detected and gets into the oil-feed device that detects fuel tank internal, discharge and detect the fuel-displaced device that detected insulating oil in the fuel tank and release and detect the exhaust apparatus of gas in the fuel tank and be arranged at and detect the heater block that insulating oil to be detected is heated of fuel tank internal and the first sensor device that insulating oil to be detected is directly detected.In this embodiment, said detection fuel tank 301 adopts metallic shield shell 315 to process, and makes the molecule of transformer insulation oil produce the phenomenon of cracking to avoid when transformer insulation oil is detected, receiving the influence of extraneous electric arc or spark; The air that said exhaust apparatus detects in the fuel tank 301 in the time of can avoiding detecting the insulating oil to be detected of fuel tank 301 in drawing oil tank of transformer is back to oil tank of transformer; Make airborne oxidizing gas get into oil tank of transformer, cause the oxidation deterioration phenomenon of transformer insulation oil.In this embodiment, can the upper surface that detect fuel tank 301 be designed to skewedly, and exhaust apparatus is arranged at the peak place of detecting fuel tank 301 dip plane, and this is designed with to be beneficial in that insulating oil is imported better discharges gas in the process that detects fuel tank 301.
In the specific implementation; Said oil-feed device is formed by being arranged at the oil inlet pipe 302, oil inlet pipe valve 303 and the oil-feed absorption parts 304 that detect on fuel tank 301 casings; By opening or closing of said processor module 202 control oil inlet pipe valves 303, draw parts 304 by oil-feed and detect fuel tank through oil inlet pipe 302 absorptions insulating oil entering to be detected.Wherein, said oil-feed is drawn parts 304 and can be adopted pump or identical can the insulating oil in the oil tank of transformer being extracted to the device that detects in the fuel tank 301 of other functions.
Said exhaust apparatus comprise be arranged at the gas outlet 305 that detects on fuel tank 301 casings, exhaust valve 306, to detecting pressure detecting part 316 that tank pressure detects and the pick-up unit 307 of confirming the liquid level position of insulating oil to be detected, by said processor module 202 opening or closing according to the detected parameters control exhaust valve 306 of pressure detecting part 316 and liquid level position detection part 307.When extracting insulating oil to be detected, the oil-feed device gets into when detecting fuel tank 301; Start exhaust apparatus simultaneously and discharge the gas that detects in the fuel tank 301; When the liquid level position of insulating oil to be detected reaches the threshold value of liquid level position detection part 307; Liquid level position detection part 307 is sent to processor module 202 with this signal, is closed by processor module 202 control oil inlet pipe valves 303, and oil-feed is drawn parts 304 and quit work; Processor module 202 control exhaust valves 306 are closed simultaneously, start 312 pairs of insulating oils to be detected that detect in the fuel tank 301 of first sensor device and detect; When the pressure in pressure detecting part 316 is sensed detection fuel tank 301 reaches threshold value; Pressure detecting part 316 is sent to processor module 202 with this signal; Open by processor module 202 control exhaust valves 306, to discharge the pressure that detects in the fuel tank 301.In the present embodiment, said liquid level position detection part 307 can be the liquid level position detecting sensor, and said pressure detecting part 316 can be a press detection sensor.Certainly; Exhaust apparatus described in the present embodiment also can be realized through vacuum pump; Its purpose all is that fuel tank 301 gas inside are discharged to the outside, thereby avoids insulating oil in testing process, to receive the erosion of gas or gas backstreaming to oil tank of transformer and cause phenomenon such as insulating oil oxidation deterioration in testing process.
In the foregoing description, the insulating oil liquid component parameter that said first sensor device 312 is detected comprises the anti-oxidant, viscosity, viscosity of insulating oil with the variation of temperature curve, and density, density are with the variation of temperature curve; Temperature conductivity, the temperature variant curve of temperature conductivity, color, optical absorption spectra, the curve that specific inductive capacity, dielectric constant with temperature change; Moisture, interchange (the comprising direct current) impedance of the ac/dc impedance factor of different frequency, different frequency is with variation of temperature curve, temperature; Granularity; Acidity, the rate of temperature change of degree of corrosion, parameters such as the concentration of polar molecule.Wherein, first sensor device 312 is a kind of or any several kinds combination in alkali sensor, acid sensor, viscosity sensor, specific inductive capacity sensor, dielectric dissipation factor sensor, alternating current-direct current impedance transducer, active sulfur sensor, transparency sensor, particle sensor, moisture transducer, temperature sensor and the chemical constitution absorption sensor.
Said testing process is divided into the realization of two steps: at first; Processor module 202 starts 312 pairs of insulating oils to be detected that detect in the fuel tank 301 of first sensor devices and detects, with the parameters such as concentration of interchange (the comprising direct current) impedance factor of the oxidation preventive content that obtains insulating oil, viscosity, density, temperature conductivity, color, optical absorption spectra, specific inductive capacity, moisture, different frequency, temperature, granularity, peroxide value, acidity, polar molecule; 311 pairs of insulating oils to be detected that detect in the fuel tank 301 of processor module 202 startup heater blocks heat then; Insulating oil to be detected by 312 pairs of heating of first sensor device continues to detect, with the above-mentioned various detected parameters that obtain insulating oil with the variation of temperature curve.
In above-mentioned testing process, the various parameters that said first sensor device 312 detects are all monitored processing by processor module 202, and the various monitoring parameters that control center 203 obtains according to processor module 202 determine whether to change transformer insulation oil.After the above-mentioned detection of process; When reacting the various parameter conformance with standard of transformer insulated oil component; The transformer insulation oil that 202 fuel-displaced devices of startup of said processor module will detect imports in the oil tank of transformer; Wherein, Said fuel-displaced device is formed by being arranged at the flowline 308, flowline valve 309 and the oil extraction parts 310 that detect on fuel tank 301 casings, controls opening or closing of flowline valves 309 by said processor module 202, is discharged to detect in the fuel tanks through flowline 308 by oil extraction parts 310 and has detected insulating oil.
In embodiments of the present invention; Said
processor module 202 can adopt FPGA, DSP, ARM, ASIC; Perhaps other microprocessor chip and random access memory rams with identical function are realized, said FPGA, DSP, ARM, ASIC and the microprocessor chip with identical function can have ethernet interface and serial communication interface.Wherein, said serial communication interface can be RS485 serial communication interface, RS232 serial communication interface or USB interface etc.The various detected parameters of obtaining in the
processor module 202 can transfer to long-range Internet of Things center or clothes
affair center through Ethernet, also can transfer to local control system through RS485 serial communication interface, RS232 serial communication interface or USB interface.
Fig. 5 is the cut-away view of system implementation mode two of the present invention; As shown in Figure 5: in this embodiment; Said system comprises all components and parts of above-mentioned embodiment one; The difference of itself and embodiment one is, also comprises the oil guide pipe 314 that is connected with the oil-feed device in the detection module 201 of said system, and said insulating oil to be detected gets into through oil guide pipe 314 and detects in the fuel tanks 301; Be provided with second sensor device 313 that insulating oil to be detected is directly detected at said oil guide pipe 314 inwalls; In this embodiment, the purpose of using oil guide pipe 314 is that various impurity components contact the chance on second sensor device surface in the insulating oil to be detected in order to increase, thereby obtains higher accuracy of detection.
In this embodiment, said second sensor device 313 is a kind of or any several kinds combination in the sense of alkali sensing, acid sensor, viscosity sensor, specific inductive capacity sensor, dielectric dissipation factor sensor, alternating current-direct current impedance transducer, active sulfur sensor, transparency sensor, particle sensor, moisture transducer, temperature sensor and the chemical constitution absorption sensor.
In embodiments of the present invention, what various sensor was directed against in the said first sensor device and second sensor device is various oxidation products in the insulating oil, such as the detection of anti-oxidant, acid, phenol, water and other polar molecules.In order to improve detection sensitivity to anti-oxidant, acid, phenol or water isopolarity molecule in the insulating oil; The present invention is employed on the sensor and adds some materials insulating oil is detected to obtain above-mentioned detected parameters; These materials that are added can be to run into the organic or dead matter that produce various physics, chemistry, biochemical marker/mark property behind anti-oxidant, acid or the water isopolarity molecule, comprise metal, nonmetal, oxide, photoactive substance, readily oxidizable substance, hydrophilic substance or the like.These materials run into the variation that can produce physics and chemistry behind water or the sour isopolarity molecule, such as variation of the expansion of physical form and volume, surperficial erosion, change in color, specific inductive capacity or the like.And the variation of these parameters can cause the variation of the magnitude of voltage of sensor own, current value, inductance value, resistance value, capacitance, frequency values, color, spectrum peak or the like.Therefore; These materials that are added are loaded into sensor surface or in the scope of sensor monitors; Just can obtain and detect the sensor of insulating oil liquid component parameter, like the above alkali sensing sense of mentioning, acid sensor, viscosity sensor, specific inductive capacity sensor, degree of corrosion sensor, transparency sensor, particle sensor, humidity sensor, temperature sensor and chemical constitution absorption sensor etc.
For example; National standard is to confirm the quality of transformer insulation oil through the oxidation preventive content in the monitoring transformer insulation oil; And in fact anti-oxidant is a kind of alkaline matter, therefore adopts an alkali sensor with regard to realizing the anti-oxidant in the transformer insulation oil to be monitored.In this embodiment; Said alkali sensor is a kind of resistance sensor, capacitance type sensor or oscillator type sensor, and the electrode of the electrode of the resistance resistance body of said resistance sensor, said capacitance type sensor and said oscillator type sensor is that a kind of be prone to processed by the sensitive material of alkali reaction such as zinc (Zn) or aluminium oxide (Al).
Similarly; Said acid sensor also is a kind of resistance sensor, capacitance type sensor or oscillator type sensor, and the electrode of the electrode of the resistance resistance body of said resistance sensor, said capacitance type sensor and said oscillator type sensor is a kind of easyly processed by the sensitive material of acid and water erosion such as chromium (Cr) or iron (Fe).
In like manner; Said active sulfur sensor is a kind of resistance sensor, capacitance type sensor or oscillator type sensor, and the electrode of the electrode of the resistance resistance body of said resistance sensor, said capacitance type sensor and said oscillator type sensor is that a kind of sensitive material that is prone to being corroded property reaction of Salmon-Saxl such as argent or other similar substances are processed.After active sulfur and silver electrode react, be prone to generate the atrament silver sulfide, thereby cause vibration frequency, amplitude, the resistance of sensor, perhaps electric capacity changes.In addition the silver electrode change in color also can by the optical color sensor to.
Above-described oscillator type sensor is LC (inductance and electric capacity) oscillator type sensor, RC (resistance and electric capacity) oscillator type sensor, RLC (resistance; Inductance, electric capacity) oscillator type sensor or the pierce oscillator, magnetostriction oscillator or the electrostriction oscillator that constitute by the circuit of equivalent RLC.
Because it is very high that the monitoring sensitivity of transformer insulation oil requires; Can't reach monitoring effect if only monitor the change in dielectric constant of insulating oil; Therefore adopt the capacitance type sensor of the electrode formation of processing that insulating oil is monitored for the material of alkali, phenol, acid or water sensitive; In the time of the insulating oil mass change; The node constant that capacitance type sensor not only can be monitored insulating oil changes, and because the conductivity of transformer insulation oil is very low, the generation meeting of the alkali of trace, acid, water greatly improves the numerical value of conductivity; The oxidation of electrode for capacitors also can cause the bigger variation of condenser capacitance numerical value, so capacitance type sensor has improved the sensitivity that detects on the whole.
The same with above-mentioned capacitance type sensor, said surface-sensitive material for alkali sensor and acid sensor also can be made into resistance, forms resistance sensor.Said resistance sensor can be the series connection of a series of (such as 100) small resistance; The advantage of resistance series connection is: even produce seldom acid and water, also or the acid in the insulating oil and water and one of them resistance react or produces erosion in the insulating oil; Also can produce huge variation to whole resistance in series equivalent resistance; That is to say the wherein variation of any one resistance value; The capital makes these a series of resistance in seriess produce reaction, has therefore improved the dirigibility of resistance sensor monitoring to a certain extent.Can certainly adopt the mode of resistance parallel connection to realize resistance sensor.
When adopting above-mentioned alkali sensor and acid sensor ability transformer insulation oil to detect, when having only anti-oxidant in the transformer insulation oil, the bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry sensor does not react;
When in the transformer insulation oil minor amount of water being arranged, if having only the alkali sensor reaction, explaining does not have acid in the transformer insulation oil, anti-oxidant is arranged, if this moment, the alkali sensor reaction was fast more, explains that oxidation preventive content is many more in the transformer insulation oil;
When in the transformer insulation oil minor amount of water being arranged, if the bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry sensor all responds, explaining has acid in the transformer oil, do not have anti-oxidant, if this moment, the bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry sensor response was fast more, explains that acid is many more in the transformer oil.
In embodiments of the present invention; Said chemical constitution absorption sensor can be a piezoelectric crystal concussion formula sensor; The surface-sensitive plated film of this piezoelectric crystal concussion formula sensor is processed by a kind of sensitive material of absorption that combines with the liquid polarity molecule easily; After surface-sensitive Coating Materials adsorptive liquid polar molecule; The frequency values of this piezoelectric crystal concussion will change, and can advance monitoring to the insulating oil quality through the frequency values of piezoelectric crystal concussion, therefore in the transformer insulation oil monitoring system, can adopt this type of sensor with different responsive plated films.Wherein, the said sensitive material that combines with the liquid polarity molecule easily to adsorb is polyimide (POLYIMIDE), dead matter or the material that reacts with the organic liquid material that has hydroxyl (COOH and OH).When the organic substance that contains COOH and OH of trace in the insulating oil constantly generates; The material of the responsive plated film of sensor surface will constantly be corroded by acid; Thereby frequency values is constantly risen; When water isopolarity molecule occurs, because the absorption of sensor surface sensitive materials will cause the frequency values of piezoelectric crystal concussion formula sensor to reduce.
Usually, the piezoelectric crystal concussion formula sensor that has a surface-sensitive plated film comprises bulk wave device (BAW BULK ACOUSTIC WAVE), tuning fork device (TUNNING FORK), an end fixing lever device (CANTILEVER), surface acoustic wave device (SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE), crosscut SAW device (SHEAR HORIZONTAL SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE), plate acoustic wave device (ACOUSTIC PLATE MODE), flexible plate electromagnetic shaker spare (FLEXUAL PLATE MODE), crosscut plate acoustic wave device (SHEAR HORIZONTAL ACOUSTIC PLATE MODE), thickness direction crosscut vibrations device (THICKNESS SHEAR MODE), distortion body vibrations device (TORSIONAL MODE), likes wave device (LOVE WAVE), leaks SAW device (LEAKY SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE MODE), virtual SAW device (PSEUDO SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE MODE), crosscut shock wave device (TRANSVERSE MODE), surface are plunderred wave device (SURFACE-SKIMMING MODE), surface deflections shock wave device (SURFACE TRANSVERSE MODE) and various resonance wave device (HARMONICS AND OVERTONES).
Said chemical constitution absorption sensor can also be the optical spectrum analysis sensor, and said optical spectrum analysis sensor comprises color sensor sensitive and the sensor that can show the optical absorption spectrum curve of sensitive materials.Through the color of transformer insulation oil being monitored the mass change of judging insulating oil; Such as good transformer insulation oil should be the cleaning and transparent liquid must not have sediment, mechanical impurity suspension and flocculence material, if its contaminated and oxidation; And generation resin and sediment; Transformer insulation oil oil will deterioration, and color can gradually become light red, until becoming auburn liquid; When transformer has fault, the color of insulating oil is changed, generally speaking, when being light brown, transformer insulation oil just should not use again; In addition, transformer insulation oil can show as muddy emulsus, oil colours blackout, obfuscation.When the muddy emulsus of transformer insulation oil, show and contain moisture in the insulating oil; When the obfuscation of transformer insulation oil oil colours, show the transformer insulation oil insulation ag(e)ing; When the oil colours blackout, even empyreumatic taste is arranged, show that there is fault transformer inside.
Said particle sensor can be the optical particulate substance sensor; It adopts a kind of optics black box that reduces the optical scattering sensor noise; The a large amount of now optical scattering formula smoke detectors that use of its similar; Design through the reflection cross section makes when inclusion-free particle and bubble exist have the luminotron (LED) of certain angle and photoelectric tube (PHOTO-DETECTOR) can't produce the output signal each other, when having detected particle and exist; Then can produce the output signal, to reach testing goal to impurity and particle.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, not all within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.