CN102490621B - Charging method for hybrid power system - Google Patents
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- CN102490621B CN102490621B CN2011103733176A CN201110373317A CN102490621B CN 102490621 B CN102490621 B CN 102490621B CN 2011103733176 A CN2011103733176 A CN 2011103733176A CN 201110373317 A CN201110373317 A CN 201110373317A CN 102490621 B CN102490621 B CN 102490621B
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Abstract
The invention provides a charging method for a hybrid power system. By the aid of the charging method, SOC (stage of charge) of an electric energy storage system of the hybrid power system narrowly fluctuates in a reasonable range, the dynamic property of a vehicle is guaranteed, simultaneously, efficiency of the hybrid power system is optimized, economical efficiency of fuel is improved, and the service life of the electric energy storage system is prolonged. If the charging control method is applied, consequent remarkable effects of energy conservation and emission reduction can produce enormous economical and social benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Development of HEV Technology field, be specifically related to control and the calibration method of hybrid power system charge function.
Background technology
The gas-oil hybrid vehicle, no matter be that the moderate hybrid power is (mixed in the abbreviation, comprise Honda think of territory 144 V or 158 V Integrated Motor Assist, Chang'an will Xiang 144 V systems, and two generations of general Buick Regal 120V BAS), or the intensity hybrid power (is called for short mixed by force, comprise general sharp this three generations of Toyota, the AM General dual mode system), according to operating mode and control policy, all need to some extent to electric energy storage system on certain opportunity, with certain moment of torsion or power charging, make SOC(Stage of Charge, state-of-charge) reasonably fluctuating in the scope.
Charging during SOC too high (near full state) has adverse effect to efficient and life-span of electric energy storage system; SOC excessively low (near the emptying state), also unfavorable to the life-span of electric energy storage system, the motor power-assisted that needs may not be provided simultaneously, even lose important hybrid power function.So SOC fluctuates in the scope that is fit to, and is the requirement of vehicle power, also is the requirement of fuel economy, also be the electric energy storage system requirement in service life simultaneously.
Existing hybrid power system charging is in the majority with consideration battery SOC scope simply, does not consider the power consumption of car load, the efficient of motor and the life-span of electric energy storage system.Advantage of the present invention is considering to consider suitable motor charging moment of torsion or power in suitable charging opportunity, SOC is fluctuateed in the reasonable scope, increased the load of combustion engine, improved the efficient of heat efficiency and the motor of combustion engine, and optimized hybrid power system efficient and prolonged electric energy storage system service life.
Summary of the invention
Be to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of novelty, workable definite hybrid powder motor system's charging moment of torsion or the method for power.The enforcement of the method can reach simultaneously optimizes hybrid power system efficient, prolongs the life-span of energy storage system, and guarantees the purpose of vehicle power.
The following concrete scheme of the concrete employing of the present invention:
A kind of hybrid power system charging method is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
Whether the state-of-charge SOC that (1) judges electric energy storage system is in normal range, fluctuates when state-of-charge SOC is between the normal range upper and lower bound, thinks that then current state-of-charge is in normal range; Prescribe a time limit when state-of-charge SOC is under the normal range, think that then current state-of-charge SOC is excessively low, enter step (8);
(2) when state-of-charge is in normal range, according to the state-of-charge SOC of engine operating state and electric energy storage system, judge whether it is optimal charge opportunity, if satisfy optimal charge opportunity, enter step (3);
(3) power range of definite charging, the power of charging must not continue electric power less than the maximum of car load low power used system;
(4) be not less than in the situation of efficient threshold value of setting in ISG electric system efficient, use predetermined the first moment of torsion charging;
When in the efficient threshold value situation of ISG electric system efficient less than setting, under the charge power interval of 2 ~ 3kW, adjust charge power, the charge power after the adjustment is determined new charging moment of torsion with rotating speed
(5) enter charging after, the charge condition sign is put 1, when being withdrawn into non-charge condition by charge condition, the charge condition sign is set to 0, take 2 minutes as the unit of clocking, as in the unit of clocking, returning the charge condition sign to surpass 4 at 1,0 change frequency, then be judged to be and enter/withdraw from charge condition and change very frequent, should further relax this moment and withdraw from charge condition and (increases the threshold value that withdraws from charging judgement as claimed in claim 2, and the threshold value that enters the charging judgement is constant), and turn back to previous step; Otherwise enter next step;
(6) according to the rotating speed of ISG motor and electric machine controller feedback and the efficient that moment of torsion is determined current I SG electric system, and calculate the mechanical horsepower of current I SG motor, and this mechanical horsepower be multiply by the efficient of ISG electric system, draw current charge power, if this charge power is between 2 ~ 3kW, entered for (7) step, otherwise, (6) according to the rotating speed of ISG motor and electric machine controller feedback and the efficient that moment of torsion is determined current I SG electric system, if efficiency value is greater than 75%, entered for (7) step, otherwise, step (4) returned;
(7) continue charging, and return step (2) and constantly judge whether to satisfy optimal charge opportunity;
(8) prescribe a time limit when state-of-charge SOC is under the normal range, judge whether driving engine is in running order, if engine operation enters step (11), otherwise enter step (9);
(9) judge whether driving engine is idle stop state, if be not in idle stop state, then returns step (1), if driving engine is in idle stop state, then enters step (10);
(10) force start driving engine;
(11) to be not less than the relatively high power charging of 5Kw KW.
Hybrid power system charging method of the present invention is realized by the hybrid power control policy fully, does not increase any hardware cost, is easy enforcement therefore, and cost is low, the practical technique invention that resultant effect is good.The charge control method that the present invention describes is applicable to the multiple hybrid-power system, comprises the moderate hybrid power, and intensity/severe hybrid power etc. are so have the potentiality of widespread adoption.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that hybrid vehicle is in SOC wave pattern in certain operating mode;
Fig. 2 is the scheme drawing of moderate hybrid dynamical system;
Fig. 3 is the efficiency chart of typical ISG electric system;
Fig. 4 is hybrid power system charging method schematic flow sheet of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the charging opportunity of optimization and the variation characteristic scheme drawing of moment of torsion SOC in new European driving cycle (NEDC).
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Be that hybrid vehicle is in SOC wave pattern in certain operating mode as shown in Figure 1, electric energy storage system SOC fluctuates between normal range upper limit A and normal range lower limit B substantially in certain hypothesis operating mode: vehicle 12V current consumer can obtain required electric energy (see figure 2) by the HVDC wire harness by DC converter; When chaufeur needs strong impetus, the electric energy storage system discharge, to promote dynamic property, SOC can obviously descend in the power-assisted process by the electric system power-assisted; In order to keep SOC, be in due course, can provide additional energy by driving engine, be the electric energy storage system charging by electric power generation; Perhaps when car retardation take the kinetic energy of vehicle by motor braking as electric energy storage system charging (this process is called energy and reclaims).As shown in Figure 1, by the balance of charging and discharging, electric energy storage system SOC fluctuates within the specific limits, realizes the various functions of hybrid power, comprise providing 12V current consumer institute energy requirement, and the motor power-assisted, charging and energy reclaim.
The scheme drawing of Fig. 2 moderate hybrid dynamical system.For the present invention rather than restriction the present invention are described.Among Fig. 2, driving engine, ECU(Engine Control Unit, be engine controller), ISG motor (Integrated Starter and Generator, i.e. electronic and electricity generating dual purpose motor), IPU (Integrated Power Unit, be electric machine controller), electric energy storage system and BCM(Battery Control Module, the battery control module), and HCU(Hybrid Control Unit, be the hybrid power system master controller) consisted of together charge system, HCU wherein, BCM, IPU, ECU connects by the CAN bus, realizes communication.BCM, IPU, ECU to the HCU feedback information, accept the control command of HCU by the CAN bus simultaneously.Driving engine and ISG motor are rigidly connected, and remain same rotational speed.According to the SOC control policy, HCU selects the best opportunity to charge to electric energy storage system.The optimal charge moment of torsion of motor or power determining method are core contents of the present invention, by hereinafter explanation.
When hybrid power system master controller HCU determines to charge to energy storage system, hybrid power system master controller HCU sends the instruction that increases moment of torsion to engine controller ECU, and the moment of torsion that increases is used for electronic and electricity generating dual purpose motor ISG generating; Hybrid power system master controller HCU sends the required ISG torque command of generating that is complementary to electric machine controller IPU simultaneously, and ISG absorbs the moment of torsion of driving engine output and realize required electricity generate function in the situation that satisfies the driving demand; The alternating current that the ISG motor sends is converted into direct current (DC) by the three-phase alternating current high-voltage wiring harness by electric machine controller IPU, again by the high direct voltage wire harness, a part is used to DC converter that electric energy is provided, and redundance is filled with energy storage system, finishes process of charging.
Desirable charging moment of torsion and power, should satisfy following condition:
Charge power must guarantee the consumption of 12V current consumer: the current consumer of small passenger car 12V continues average consumprion generally between several hectowatts to two kilowatt; Charge power must continue average 12V power consumption power greater than the maximum of vehicle, namely guarantees in the situation that continues charging, and energy storage system SOC can rising;
ISG motor charging moment of torsion should keep motor in the operation of efficient district (by hereinafter Fig. 3 explanation);
In the situation of assurance above-mentioned 2., charging moment of torsion and power are as far as possible little: life-span and charge efficiency to battery are all favourable; To the efficient favourable (consulting " method and apparatus of control vehicle battery charging ", application number 200710102909.8) that promotes driving engine;
Under the extreme case, do not use for a long time such as vehicle, the slow self-discharge of electric energy storage system, or under the frequent anxious accelerating mode, the a large amount of electric energy storage system energy of the high-power power-assisted consumption of motor, electric energy storage system SOC may be far below desirable lower limit, and this moment, ISG motor charging moment of torsion and power were greater than the charging under the conventional state.Such as the charge power about 5kW, can guarantee that SOC comparatively fast rises to rational scope (more than Fig. 1 lower limit B), guarantee the realization of elementary mixing power function.
Be the efficiency chart of typical ISG electric system such as Fig. 3.Among the figure, transverse axis represents moment of torsion, and the longitudinal axis represents the efficient of ISG electric system.Three curves since 0 in the coordinate axle are illustrated respectively in motor in 1310rpm, 2000rpm, power generation torque when the 3000rpm rotating speed generates electricity and the relation of ISG electric system efficient.Shown ISG electric system efficient (comprising ISG electrical efficiency and electric machine controller IPU efficient) is the function of rotating speed and moment of torsion, and negative torque represents the moment of torsion that charges.When moment of torsion (absolute value) is very little, any rotating speed no matter, the electric system charge efficiency is all very low.When charging moment of torsion (absolute value) increase, electric system efficient increases (shown in dotted ellipse part among the figure).But the charging moment of torsion further increases, and system effectiveness maintains an equal level or begins on the contrary and descends.A lot of motors all show similar feature.Therefore, according to the shown efficiency curve of electric system charge efficiency figure, can determine suitable motor charging moment of torsion (function of motor speed), be operated in efficient region when guaranteeing the electric system charging.The system of selection of following casehistory the first moment of torsion is as follows:
The a certain typical range of the charge power of ISG motor is 2 ~ 3kW, finding out efficient under the current rotating speed according to the efficiency curve (Fig. 3) of the current rotating speed of motor, motor is 75% minimal torque, take this minimal torque as the basis and charge power between 2 ~ 3kW, this moment of torsion is strengthened, corresponding moment of torsion is the first moment of torsion when ISG electric system efficient is maximum.In general, (such as Fig. 1, if A=70%, B=60% is if think that SOC is on the low side when then current SOC is between 64%-60% when SOC is on the low side.) need charging, but SOC is when being not less than among Fig. 1 normal range lower limit B, and hybrid power system optimal charge opportunity and motor charging moment of torsion or power can be with reference to flow processs shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 4 is described as follows:
At the charging embodiment of SOC between normal range A-B shown in Figure 1:
Whether the state-of-charge SOC that (1) judges electric energy storage system is in normal range, fluctuates when state-of-charge SOC is between the normal range upper and lower bound, thinks that then current state-of-charge is in normal range; When state-of-charge SOC when (as than set SOC lower limit low 20%), thinks then that current state-of-charge SOC is excessively low far below the normal range lower limit, enter step (8);
(2) when state-of-charge is in normal range, according to the state-of-charge SOC of engine operating state and electric energy storage system, judge whether it is optimal charge opportunity.By this way, can optimize to greatest extent engine efficiency and keep SOC fluctuate in a narrow margin (between 60% to 75%).
(3) power range of definite charging, the power of charging must not continue electric power less than the maximum of car load low power used system; This electric power comprises head lamp by car load, windscreen wiper, and steering indicating light, fog lamp, brake lamp, air-conditioning, electric power steering, instrument demonstrations etc. determine that at the gross horsepower of interior car load low power used system its representative value is 2 ~ 3kW.
(4) be not less than in the situation of efficient threshold value of setting in ISG electric system efficient, use predetermined the first moment of torsion charging;
The first moment of torsion is 75% minimal torque for find out efficient under the current rotating speed according to the efficiency curve of the current rotating speed of motor, motor, take this minimal torque as the basis and charge power between 2kW ~ 3kW, this moment of torsion is strengthened corresponding moment of torsion when ISG electric system efficient is maximum.
And when in the efficient threshold value situation of ISG electric system efficient less than setting, under the charge power interval of 2 ~ 3kW, adjust charge power, the charge power after the adjustment is determined new charging moment of torsion with rotating speed;
(5) enter charging after, the charge condition sign is put 1, when being withdrawn into non-charge condition by charge condition, the charge condition sign is set to 0, take 2 minutes as the unit of clocking, as in the unit of clocking, returning the charge condition sign to surpass 4 at 1,0 change frequency, then be judged to be and enter/withdraw from charge condition and change very frequent, should further relax this moment and withdraw from charge condition and (increases the threshold value that withdraws from charging judgement as claimed in claim 2, and the threshold value that enters the charging judgement is constant), and return previous step; Otherwise enter next step;
(6) according to the rotating speed of ISG motor and electric machine controller feedback and the efficient that moment of torsion is determined current I SG electric system, if efficiency value, entered for (7) step greater than 75%, otherwise, return step (4);
(7) continue charging, and return step (2) and constantly judge whether to satisfy optimal charge opportunity;
(8) if electric energy storage system because shelve for a long time (self-discharge), frequent power-assisted or do not have for a long time the battery charger meeting, or braking energy reclaims not enough, or the reason such as the 12V electric load is larger, SOC can drop to below the zone of reasonableness, for the dynamic property of assurance vehicle and basic hybrid power function, need to disregard engine condition, with than the charging of high pulling torque or power with quick raising SOC.Therefore need to judge first whether driving engine is in running order, if engine operation enters step (11), otherwise enter step (9);
(9) judge whether driving engine is idle stop state, if be not in idle stop state, then returns step (1), if driving engine is in idle stop state, then enters step (10);
(10) force start driving engine;
(11) enter the idling charge condition, to be not less than the relatively high power charging of 5kW.This power is also unsuitable excessive, and excessive charge power is unfavorable to the life-span of battery.Power is also unsuitable too small, and engine efficiency is not good, and SOC can not improve by fast speed simultaneously.
Fig. 5 is described as follows:
Be illustrated in figure 5 as the variation characteristic (top is divided into the speed of a motor vehicle, and the SOC that the bottom is divided in the same circulation changes) of mixing system charging strategy SOC in the NEDC circulation in certain of optimization that simulation analysis obtains:
1, SOC fluctuation little (SOC maxim and minimum value determine that by the braking energy recovery at circulation end, suburbs difference only has about 4% in the whole NEDC circulation), this life-span to electric energy storage system is very favourable;
2, the SOC fluctuation is little, illustrates that charging opportunity and power satisfy the car load need for electricity;
3, charging and charge condition conversion opportunity and operating mode are not closely related takes full advantage of optimal charge opportunity, and not frequently state change;
SOC was identical with the initial SOC of circulation when 4, circulation finished.The oil consumption result who obtains does not so need to carry out the correction that SOC reduces the oil consumption that must carry out by rules.
Claims (4)
1. a hybrid power system charging method is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
Whether the state-of-charge SOC that (1) judges electric energy storage system is in normal range, fluctuates when state-of-charge SOC is between the normal range upper and lower bound, thinks that then current state-of-charge is in normal range; Prescribe a time limit when state-of-charge SOC is under the normal range, think that then current state-of-charge SOC is excessively low, enter step (8);
(2) when state-of-charge is in normal range, according to the state-of-charge SOC of engine operating state and electric energy storage system, judge whether it is optimal charge opportunity, if satisfy optimal charge opportunity, enter step (3);
(3) power range of definite charging, the power of charging must not continue electric power less than the maximum of car load low power used system;
(4) be not less than in the situation of efficient threshold value of setting in ISG electric system efficient, use predetermined the first moment of torsion charging;
When in the efficient threshold value situation of ISG electric system efficient less than setting, under the charge power interval of 2 ~ 3kW, adjust charge power, the charge power after the adjustment is determined new charging moment of torsion with rotating speed;
(5) enter charging after, the charge condition sign is put 1, when being withdrawn into non-charge condition by charge condition, the charge condition sign is set to 0, take 2 minutes as the unit of clocking, surpass 4 such as charge condition sign in the unit of clocking at 1,0 change frequency, then be judged to be and enter/withdraw from charge condition and change very frequent, and relax and withdraw from charge condition, turn back to step (4); Otherwise enter step (6);
(6) according to the rotating speed of ISG motor and electric machine controller feedback and the efficient that moment of torsion is determined current I SG electric system, if efficiency value, entered for (7) step greater than 75%, otherwise, return step (4);
(7) continue charging, and return step (2) and constantly judge whether to satisfy optimal charge opportunity;
(8) prescribe a time limit when state-of-charge SOC is under the normal range, judge whether driving engine is in running order, if engine operation enters step (11), otherwise enter step (9);
(9) judge whether driving engine is idle stop state, if be not in idle stop state, then returns step (1), if driving engine is in idle stop state, then enters step (10);
(10) force start driving engine;
(11) to be not less than the relatively high power charging of 5kW.
2. hybrid power system charging method according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
In described step (2), the determination methods on described optimal charge opportunity is as follows: when the difference of the current state-of-charge SOC of the target state-of-charge SOC of electric energy storage system and electric energy storage system and the long-pending optimal charge threshold value greater than setting of the specific consumption of fuel of reflection engine efficiency, be judged as the best and enter charging opportunity, enter charge condition, and when described long-pending when setting the optimal charge threshold value, withdraw from charge condition.
3. hybrid power system charging method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that:
In described step (3), typical charge power scope is 2kW ~ 3kW, and described car load low power used system comprises head lamp, windscreen wiper, steering indicating light, fog lamp, brake lamp, air-conditioning, electric power steering, instrument demonstration.
4. hybrid power system charging method according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described ISG electric system comprises ISG motor and electric machine controller, and described efficient threshold value is 75%.
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| CN101141070A (en) * | 2006-09-06 | 2008-03-12 | 迈为电子技术（上海）有限公司 | Novel intelligent electric machine battery control system |
| CN101478172A (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2009-07-08 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Method for determining optimal operation point with respect to state of charge in hybrid electric vehicle |
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| JP2008105639A (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2008-05-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | Control device for hybrid vehicle |
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| CN101141070A (en) * | 2006-09-06 | 2008-03-12 | 迈为电子技术（上海）有限公司 | Novel intelligent electric machine battery control system |
| CN101478172A (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2009-07-08 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Method for determining optimal operation point with respect to state of charge in hybrid electric vehicle |
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