CN102494993A - Dynamic frictional force testing system and dynamic frictional force testing method of pavement materials - Google Patents
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Abstract
为克服现有技术路面抗滑性能测试方法存在的测试结果偏差较大、不能进行全天候测试和测试结果稳定性差等问题，本发明提出一种路面材料动态摩擦力测试系统及测试方法。本发明路面材料动态摩擦力测试系统包括：转动系统、加载系统、控温系统和测试系统。本发明路面材料动态摩擦力测试系统及测试方法采用模拟动态摩擦、。模拟温度、转速、压力等关键因素测试路面材料动态的摩擦力。本发明路面材料动态摩擦力测试系统及测试方法的有益技术效果是能够进行全天候测试，测试结果较为精确，测试结果稳定性好，并且，能够直接观测路面材料在动态摩擦情况下的外观变化。
In order to overcome the problems of large test result deviation, inability to carry out all-weather test and poor test result stability in the prior art pavement antiskid performance test method, the present invention proposes a pavement material dynamic friction test system and test method. The dynamic friction testing system of the pavement material of the present invention comprises: a rotating system, a loading system, a temperature control system and a testing system. The dynamic friction test system and test method of the pavement material of the present invention adopt the simulated dynamic friction. Simulate key factors such as temperature, speed, and pressure to test the dynamic friction of pavement materials. The beneficial technical effects of the system and method for testing the dynamic friction of pavement materials in the present invention are that all-weather tests can be carried out, the test results are more accurate, the test results are stable, and the appearance changes of pavement materials under dynamic friction conditions can be directly observed.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及到道路交通路面材料动态摩擦力测试系统，特别涉及一种路面材料动态摩擦力测试系统及测试方法。 The invention relates to a system for testing dynamic friction of road traffic pavement materials, in particular to a system and a testing method for dynamic friction of pavement materials.
背景技术 Background technique
随着中国经济的快速发展，各类汽车保有量的急速上升，公路作为不可或缺的物流大通道之一得到了前所未有的发展。高速公路的不断修建大大促进了运输业的发展，但同时交通事故的不断出现也引发了人们对行车安全的日益关注。交通事故的发生，很大一部分原因都离不开路面防滑性能的缺失。因此，路面防滑能力成为评价路面使用性能的一项重要评价指标。 With the rapid development of China's economy and the rapid increase in the number of various types of vehicles, highways, as one of the indispensable logistics channels, have achieved unprecedented development. The continuous construction of expressways has greatly promoted the development of the transportation industry, but at the same time, the continuous occurrence of traffic accidents has also aroused people's increasing attention to driving safety. A large part of the reasons for the occurrence of traffic accidents are inseparable from the lack of anti-skid performance of the road surface. Therefore, the anti-skid ability of pavement has become an important evaluation index to evaluate the performance of pavement.
目前路面抗滑性能测试方法主要分为直接测试法与间接测量法方法。 At present, the test methods of pavement anti-skid performance are mainly divided into direct test method and indirect measurement method.
直接测试法分为以下几类： Direct testing methods fall into the following categories:
1） 单点测试设备 1) Single point test equipment
l 摆式摩擦系数测试仪 l pendulum friction coefficient tester
l 动态摩擦系数测试仪（简称为DFT） l Dynamic Friction Coefficient Tester (abbreviated as DFT)
2） 制动式测试设备 2) Braking test equipment
l 纵向摩擦系数测试车 l Longitudinal friction coefficient test vehicle
l 锁定轮摩擦测试车 l Lock wheel friction test vehicle
3） 偏转轮式测试设备 3) Deflection wheel test equipment
l 横向力系数测试仪 l Lateral Force Coefficient Tester
l MU-METER测试仪 l MU-METER tester
上述测试方法中，制动式测试设备和偏转轮式测试设备适用于现场测试，具有精度高，测试效率高等特点，但使用费用昂贵。DFT与摆式摩擦仪均属单点测试设备，由于这两种仪器的摆脚或磨块在与路面摩擦时产生较大振动，测试结果偏差较大，不适宜在粗构造路面上使用。并且，上述测试方法对测试时的环境条件有具体要求，不能进行全天候测试。 Among the above test methods, brake test equipment and deflection wheel test equipment are suitable for on-site testing and have the characteristics of high precision and high test efficiency, but they are expensive to use. Both DFT and pendulum tribometers are single-point testing equipment. Because the swing feet or grinding blocks of these two instruments vibrate greatly when they rub against the road surface, the test results have large deviations, so they are not suitable for use on rough-structured road surfaces. Moreover, the above-mentioned test method has specific requirements on the environmental conditions during the test, and all-weather tests cannot be carried out.
间接测量法主要分为以下两类： Indirect measurement methods are mainly divided into the following two categories:
1） 铺砂法 1) Sand laying method
2） 激光测量法 2) Laser measurement method
间接测量方法通过测定微观和宏观构造的大小，对路面抗滑性能作出间接评价。间接测试法中铺砂法受测试者操作水平影响较大，测试结果稳定性差。且间接测试法与实际路面摩擦机理不完全相符，对路面的实际摩擦性能反映不够直观准确。 The indirect measurement method makes an indirect evaluation of the skid resistance of the pavement by measuring the size of the micro and macro structures. In the indirect test method, the sand-laying method is greatly affected by the tester's operation level, and the stability of the test results is poor. Moreover, the indirect test method is not completely consistent with the actual friction mechanism of the road surface, and the reflection of the actual friction performance of the road surface is not intuitive and accurate enough.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
为克服现有技术路面抗滑性能测试方法存在的测试结果偏差较大、不能进行全天候测试和测试结果稳定性差等问题，本发明提出一种路面材料动态摩擦力测试系统及测试方法。本发明路面材料动态摩擦力测试系统包括：转动系统、加载系统、控温系统和测试系统；其中， In order to overcome the problems of large test result deviation, inability to carry out all-weather test and poor test result stability in the prior art pavement antiskid performance test method, the present invention proposes a pavement material dynamic friction test system and test method. The pavement material dynamic friction test system of the present invention comprises: rotation system, loading system, temperature control system and test system; Wherein,
转动系统包括变频电机、调频控制器和转动轮台，变频电机通过皮带与转动轮台相连接，调频控制器对变频电机进行速度控制，其转动轮台的调速范围为0～80km/h； The rotating system includes a frequency conversion motor, a frequency modulation controller and a rotating wheel platform. The frequency conversion motor is connected to the rotating wheel platform through a belt, and the frequency modulation controller controls the speed of the frequency conversion motor. The speed adjustment range of the rotating wheel platform is 0 to 80km/h;
加载系统包括由液压动力机构和液压反馈机构组成的闭环电液伺服控制系统，能实现对荷载压力的精确控制；液压动力机构的加压活塞竖直安装在转动轮台的上方，加压活塞下方连接有压力传感器和固定模拟轮胎的加载横杆，加载横杆下方对称设置有安装测试模拟轮胎的轮毂；加压活塞通过加载横杆垂直向测试模拟轮胎施加压力；测试模拟轮胎加载压力的调控范围为0.03 Mpa～1.4Mpa； The loading system includes a closed-loop electro-hydraulic servo control system composed of a hydraulic power mechanism and a hydraulic feedback mechanism, which can realize precise control of the load pressure; the pressure piston of the hydraulic power mechanism is installed vertically above the rotating wheel platform and below the pressure piston Connected with the pressure sensor and the loading cross bar of the fixed simulated tire, the wheel hub for installing the test simulated tire is symmetrically arranged under the loading cross bar; the pressurized piston applies pressure to the test simulated tire vertically through the loading cross bar; the control range of the test simulated tire loading pressure 0.03Mpa～1.4Mpa;
温控系统包括保温仓、温度调节仪、温度传感器和温控设备；保温仓将转动轮台及上方的空间进行封闭；保温仓内温度调控范围为-10℃～60℃； The temperature control system includes a heat preservation bin, a temperature regulator, a temperature sensor and a temperature control device; the heat preservation bin seals the rotating wheel platform and the space above; the temperature control range in the heat preservation bin is -10°C to 60°C;
测试系统包括1个压力传感器、2个拉力传感器、数据采集仪以及配套微机，压力传感器安装于加压活塞和加载横杆之间，对加载于2个测试模拟轮胎上垂直压力进行测试；拉力传感器通过螺纹拉杆水平安装在轮胎与防护钢板上的固定处之间，对测试模拟轮胎与路面材料因相对运动在接触面的摩擦所产生的水平拉力进行测试；数据采集仪对上述33个传感器的测试数据进行实时采集并记录，其对数据的采集频率为50HZ。 The test system includes 1 pressure sensor, 2 tension sensors, data acquisition instrument and supporting microcomputer. The pressure sensor is installed between the pressurized piston and the loading bar to test the vertical pressure loaded on the 2 test simulated tires; the tension sensor The threaded pull rod is installed horizontally between the tire and the fixed place on the protective steel plate, and the horizontal tension generated by the friction between the test simulated tire and the road surface material due to the relative movement on the contact surface is tested; the data acquisition instrument tests the above 33 sensors The data is collected and recorded in real time, and the data collection frequency is 50HZ.
本发明路面材料动态摩擦力测试系统及测试方法包括以下步骤： The pavement material dynamic friction testing system and testing method of the present invention comprise the following steps:
1、根据测试要求选择模拟轮胎规格和型号，并将两个测试模拟轮胎安装在加载横杆的轮毂上； 1. Select the simulated tire specification and model according to the test requirements, and install the two test simulated tires on the hub of the loading crossbar;
2、将需测试的路面材料按要求成型为300mm×300mm×50mm的试件连同成型试模一同固定于转动轮台上； 2. Form the pavement material to be tested into a 300mm×300mm×50mm test piece and fix it on the rotating wheel table together with the forming test mold;
3、关闭保温仓，调节控温系统到测试控制温度，并保持恒温至测试要求的时间； 3. Close the heat preservation chamber, adjust the temperature control system to the test control temperature, and keep the constant temperature until the time required for the test;
4、根据测试要求设定加载方式及加载值，对模拟轮胎施加压力； 4. Set the loading method and loading value according to the test requirements, and apply pressure to the simulated tire;
5、根据测试要求开启电机并将转速调至目标转速； 5. Turn on the motor according to the test requirements and adjust the speed to the target speed;
6、开启数据采集系统并记录数据； 6. Turn on the data acquisition system and record the data;
7、当运行到设定时间后关闭各系统，进行数据处理。 7. After running to the set time, close each system and perform data processing.
本发明路面材料动态摩擦力测试系统及测试方法的有益技术效果是能够进行全天候测试，测试结果较为精确，测试结果稳定性好，并且，能够直接观测路面材料在动态摩擦情况下的外观变化。 The beneficial technical effects of the system and method for testing the dynamic friction of pavement materials in the present invention are that all-weather tests can be performed, the test results are relatively accurate, and the test results are stable, and the appearance changes of pavement materials under dynamic friction conditions can be directly observed.
附图说明 Description of drawings
附图1为本发明路面材料动态摩擦力测试系统的结构示意图；
Accompanying
附图2为本发明路面材料动态摩擦力测试系统测试部分的结构示意图。
Accompanying
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明路面材料动态摩擦力测试系统及测试方法作进一步的说明。 The system and method for testing the dynamic friction of pavement materials of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
附图1为本发明路面材料动态摩擦力测试系统的结构示意图，附图2为本发明路面材料动态摩擦力测试系统测试部分的结构示意图，图中 1为变频电机，2为转动轮台，3为被测试路面材料，4为测试模拟轮胎，5为加载横杆，6为加压活塞，7为压力传感器，8为保温仓，9为控温装置，10为数据采集仪，11为计算机，12为拉力传感器。由图可知，本发明路面材料动态摩擦力测试系统包括：转动系统、加载系统、控温系统和测试系统；其中，
Accompanying
转动系统包括变频电机、调频控制器和转动轮台，变频电机通过皮带与转动轮台相连接，调频控制器对变频电机进行速度控制，其转动轮台的调速范围为0～80km/h； The rotating system includes a frequency conversion motor, a frequency modulation controller and a rotating wheel platform. The frequency conversion motor is connected to the rotating wheel platform through a belt, and the frequency modulation controller controls the speed of the frequency conversion motor. The speed adjustment range of the rotating wheel platform is 0 to 80km/h;
加载系统包括由液压动力机构和液压反馈机构组成的闭环电液伺服控制系统，能实现对荷载压力的精确控制；液压动力机构的加压活塞竖直安装在转动轮台的上方，加压活塞下方连接有压力传感器和固定模拟轮胎的加载横杆，加载横杆下方对称设置有安装测试模拟轮胎的轮毂；加压活塞通过加载横杆垂直向测试模拟轮胎施加压力；测试模拟轮胎加载压力的调控范围为0.03 Mpa～1.4Mpa； The loading system includes a closed-loop electro-hydraulic servo control system composed of a hydraulic power mechanism and a hydraulic feedback mechanism, which can realize precise control of the load pressure; the pressure piston of the hydraulic power mechanism is installed vertically above the rotating wheel platform and below the pressure piston Connected with the pressure sensor and the loading cross bar of the fixed simulated tire, the wheel hub for installing the test simulated tire is symmetrically arranged under the loading cross bar; the pressurized piston applies pressure to the test simulated tire vertically through the loading cross bar; the control range of the test simulated tire loading pressure 0.03Mpa～1.4Mpa;
温控系统包括保温仓、温度调节仪、温度传感器和温控设备，保温仓将转动轮台及上方空间进行封闭；保温仓内温度调控范围为-10℃～60℃； The temperature control system includes a heat preservation warehouse, a temperature regulator, a temperature sensor and a temperature control device. The heat preservation chamber seals the rotating wheel platform and the space above; the temperature control range in the heat preservation chamber is -10°C to 60°C;
测试系统包括1个压力传感器、2个拉力传感器、数据采集仪以及配套微机，压力传感器安装于加压活塞和加载横杆之间，对加载于2个测试模拟轮胎上垂直压力进行测试；拉力传感器通过螺纹拉杆水平安装在轮胎与防护钢板上的固定处之间，对测试模拟轮胎与路面材料因相对运动在接触面的摩擦所产生的水平拉力进行测试；数据采集仪对上述3个传感器的测试数据进行实时采集并记录，其对数据的采集频率为50HZ。 The test system includes 1 pressure sensor, 2 tension sensors, data acquisition instrument and supporting microcomputer. The pressure sensor is installed between the pressurized piston and the loading bar to test the vertical pressure loaded on the 2 test simulated tires; the tension sensor The threaded pull rod is installed horizontally between the tire and the fixed place on the protective steel plate, and the horizontal tension generated by the friction between the test simulated tire and the road surface material due to the relative movement on the contact surface is tested; the data acquisition instrument tests the above three sensors The data is collected and recorded in real time, and the data collection frequency is 50HZ.
本发明路面材料动态摩擦力测试系统及测试方法包括以下步骤： The pavement material dynamic friction testing system and testing method of the present invention comprise the following steps:
1、根据测试要求选择模拟轮胎规格和型号，并将两个测试模拟轮胎安装在加载横杆的轮毂上； 1. Select the simulated tire specification and model according to the test requirements, and install the two test simulated tires on the hub of the loading crossbar;
2、将需测试的路面材料按要求成型为300mm×300mm×50mm的试件连同成型试模一同固定于转动轮台上； 2. Form the pavement material to be tested into a 300mm×300mm×50mm test piece and fix it on the rotating wheel table together with the forming test mold;
3、关闭保温仓，调节控温系统到测试控制温度，并保持恒温至测试要求的时间； 3. Close the heat preservation chamber, adjust the temperature control system to the test control temperature, and keep the constant temperature until the time required for the test;
4、根据测试要求设定加载方式及加载值，对模拟轮胎施加压力； 4. Set the loading method and loading value according to the test requirements, and apply pressure to the simulated tire;
5、根据测试要求开启电机并将转速调至目标转速； 5. Turn on the motor according to the test requirements and adjust the speed to the target speed;
6、开启数据采集系统并记录数据； 6. Turn on the data acquisition system and record the data;
7、当运行到设定时间后关闭各系统，进行数据处理。 7. After running to the set time, close each system and perform data processing.
本发明路面材料动态摩擦力测试系统及测试方法的有益技术效果是采用模拟动态摩擦、。模拟温度、转速、压力等关键因素测试路面材料动态的摩擦力，能够进行全天候测试，测试结果较为精确，测试结果稳定性好，并且，能够直接观测路面材料在动态摩擦情况下的外观变化。 The beneficial technical effect of the pavement material dynamic friction test system and test method of the present invention is to adopt simulated dynamic friction. Simulate temperature, speed, pressure and other key factors to test the dynamic friction of pavement materials. It can conduct all-weather tests, the test results are more accurate, and the test results are stable. Moreover, the appearance changes of pavement materials under dynamic friction conditions can be directly observed.
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| CN110441227A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-11-12 | 河海大学 | The synchrometer and test method of bituminous concrete antiskid performance and attenuation law |
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| CN114323913A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-04-12 | 中北大学 | Tread rubber friction and wear testing device and method for simulating service working condition of tank loading wheel |
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