A kind of Dual-polarized multi-system compatible antenna
Technical field
The present invention relates to multi-system compatible type reception antenna, particularly can be used for the dual-polarization multi-system compatible type reception antenna of satellite navigation and radio communication.
Background technology
Along with the development of radio communication, 3G (Third Generation) Moblie 3G is subject to people's favor with the feature of its high speed data transfer and wideband multimedia service, and it just progressively replaces Generation Mobile Telecommunication System becomes the main flow of the world today.Satellite navigation industry is national strategy high-tech industry, typical technology-intensive type and service type IT industry, its development prospect is very wide, estimates the set of the global navigational satellite system in five to ten years from now on, formation GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO and Beidou satellite navigation system being merged.
Along with the development of wireless communication system and each navigation system, multisystem and deposit, multimodality fusion paces will further accelerate, therefore, exploitation is the application technology of compatible above-mentioned wireless communication system and satellite navigation system simultaneously, realizing multimodality fusion, is the inexorable trend of communications industry development.
But, design at present multi-system compatible type antenna and exist the technological difficulties of following several respects:
1, the technology of axial ratio/impedance bandwidth
Axial ratio/the impedance bandwidth of circular polarized antenna is important performance index of antenna, and the method that traditional single feedback microstrip antenna utilizes perturbation to produce circularly polarised wave cannot reach wider axial ratio/impedance bandwidth, so can not meet the demand of multisystem compatibility.
2, miniaturization technology
Miniaturization technology is a great problem in multi-system compatible type antenna design.No matter from electrical property aspect, or from mechanical dimension aspect, miniaturization technology is all indispensable.
3, antenna gain strengthens technology
The satellite navigation and location systems such as the Big Dipper, GPS and GLONASS require antenna not only to have very wide beam area, also require antenna to have higher gain.In order to reach this requirement, first to improve the impedance matching of port, ensure that radiofrequency signal can each antenna element of feed-in, reduce the signal energy reflecting back.The radiation efficiency that also will improve antenna on the basis that ensures port matched well, can launch the signal of feed antenna fully, reduces the energy loss in antenna element, comprises dielectric loss, metal loss etc.
4, dual polarization technology
Along with the development of radio communication, the circular polarized antenna in the linear polarized antenna in mobile communication and satellite navigation system is combined and becomes a kind of trend.Prior art mostly is the combination of circular polarization and circular polarized antenna, and the combination of linear polarization and circular polarized antenna is very few for it.
5, dual-port isolation technology
The interport isolation of dual-port antenna is an important indicator, and the isolation how improving between two-port is the difficult point in Antenna Design.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, provide a kind of can compatible multiple satellite navigations and the Dual-polarized multi-system compatible antenna of navigation system and wireless communication system, and realize the performances such as good impedance bandwidth, axial ratio bandwidth, gain and small size.
The present invention by power splitter and L-type probe to endless metal paster metal quadrature coupling feed, realized circular polarized antenna performance, impedance bandwidth, axial ratio bandwidth and the gain bandwidth of its antenna all contained four frequency ranges of three GPS (Global Position System) such as Big Dipper B1, GPS L1, Big Dipper B1-2 and GLONASS L1; The monopole antenna loading by capacitor and inductor has been realized linear polarized antenna performance, makes to have good impedance bandwidth and gain in the B frequency range (2010MHz-2025MHz) of TD-SCDMA; There is in addition the features such as miniaturization, compact conformation.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of Dual-polarized multi-system compatible antenna, comprises upper strata circular capacitor metal-loaded paster, monopole metal column, upper layer medium substrate, the first short circuit pin, the second short circuit pin, endless metal paster, intermediate layer first medium substrate, the first L-type probe, the second L-type probe, intermediate layer second medium substrate, metal floor, bottom medium substrate and bottom Wilkinson power splitter; Upper strata circular capacitor metal-loaded paster is attached to the upper surface of upper layer medium substrate, and endless metal paster is attached to the upper surface of intermediate layer first medium substrate; The rectangle metal patch of the first L-type probe is attached to the upper surface of intermediate layer second medium substrate, and metal floor and bottom Wilkinson power splitter are attached to respectively upper surface and the lower surface of bottom medium substrate; Upper layer medium substrate, intermediate layer first medium substrate, intermediate layer second medium substrate and bottom medium substrate bond together from top to bottom successively; Monopole metal upper end connects upper strata circular capacitor metal-loaded paster, and lower end is through being connected with feed port after the circular borehole on All Media substrate and metal floor; The first short circuit pin is connected with upper strata circular capacitor metal-loaded paster with the second short circuit pin upper end, and lower end is connected with metal floor.
In above-mentioned a kind of Dual-polarized multi-system compatible antenna, the first L-type probe is made up of the long limit of L-type rectangle metal patch, the minor face of short metal column composing type, and Second-Type probe is identical with the first L-type probe structure.
In above-mentioned a kind of Dual-polarized multi-system compatible antenna, the axis of monopole metal column, the first short circuit pin, the second short circuit pin and the second L-type probe is in same plane, and this plane is by medium substrate decile; The planar quadrature at the axis place of the plane at the axis place of the first type probe and the second L-type probe, and intersection is the axis of monopole metal column; The upper end of the short metal column of the first L-type probe is connected with the rectangle metal patch of L-type probe, lower end is connected with the end of the first low-impedance line of Wilkinson power splitter through the circular borehole on metal floor, and the second L-type probe is connected with the end of the second low-impedance line of Wilkinson power splitter.
In above-mentioned a kind of Dual-polarized multi-system compatible antenna, described endless metal paster outward flange is circular, and inward flange is oval.
In above-mentioned a kind of Dual-polarized multi-system compatible antenna, described bottom Wilkinson power splitter comprises the first low-impedance line, the second low-impedance line, the 3rd low-impedance line, high resistant line and Chip-R, the 3rd low-impedance line is connected with the middle part of high resistant line, other two sections of high resistant line are connected with one end of the second low-impedance line with the first low-impedance line respectively, the other end of the first low-impedance line connects the first L-type probe, and the other end of the second low-impedance line connects the second L-type probe.The electrical length of the second low-impedance line is than the large quarter-wave of the electrical length of the first low-impedance line.The characteristic impedance of high resistant line is that the characteristic impedance of the first low-impedance line, the second low-impedance line and the 3rd low-impedance line is z
0's
doubly, the impedance of Chip-R is characteristic impedance z
02 times.
In above-mentioned a kind of Dual-polarized multi-system compatible antenna, described upper strata circular capacitor metal-loaded paster and monopole metal, the one the second short circuit pins have formed the monopole antenna that capacitor and inductor loads, and the axis of monopole metal, the one the second short circuit pins is in same plane.
In above-mentioned a kind of Dual-polarized multi-system compatible antenna, on described metal floor, there are three metal boreholes, pass for the metal column of monopole metal and two mutually orthogonal L-type probes respectively.
In above-mentioned a kind of Dual-polarized multi-system compatible antenna, described the first L-type probe and the second L-type probe are mutually orthogonal, and reception amplitude is identical, the signal of 90 ° of phase phasic differences is to endless metal paster metal Coupling feed.
In above-mentioned a kind of Dual-polarized multi-system compatible antenna, described middle level first medium substrate, intermediate layer second medium substrate and bottom medium substrate have identical dielectric constant, and the dielectric constant of upper layer medium substrate is lower than middle level first medium substrate dielectric constant.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages and technique effect:
(1) described antenna utilizes power splitter, the structure of L-type probe to endless metal paster coupling feed, expands axial ratio bandwidth and impedance bandwidth.
(2) the endless metal paster outward flange of described antenna is circular, and inward flange be oval, changes oval major axis and the ratio of minor axis and can regulate the axial ratio performance of antenna, has increased the degree of freedom of axial ratio adjusting.
(3) monopole metal connects upper strata capacitive load metal patch, and is connected to ground through two short circuit pins, has increased capacitor and inductor coupling, thereby forms the monopole antenna that capacitor and inductor loads, and has effectively reduced the size of monopole antenna.
(3) antenna adopts power splitter and antenna duplexer floor, effectively reduces the thickness of antenna, makes more compact structure.
(4) described antenna may be simultaneously operated in B1 frequency range (1561.098MHz), the B1-2 frequency range (1589.742MHz) of the Chinese Big Dipper two generations system, the gps system L1 frequency range (1575.42MHz) of the U.S., the L1 frequency range (1602.56-1615.50MHz) of European GLONASS and the B frequency range (2010MHz-2025MHz) of TD-SCDMA.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of Dual-polarized multi-system compatible antenna structural representation.
Fig. 2 is a kind of Dual-polarized multi-system compatible antenna structure vertical view.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of upper strata circular capacitor metal-loaded paster.
Fig. 4 is endless metal paster schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is metal floor schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is bottom Wilkinson power splitter schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is isolation schematic diagram between the return loss of circular polarization frequency range and two-port.
Fig. 8 is the axial ratio schematic diagram of circular polarization frequency range.
Fig. 9 is that the gain of circular polarization frequency range is with the curve of frequency change.
Figure 10 is isolation between the return loss of linear polarization frequency range and two-port.
Figure 11 is that the gain of linear polarization frequency range is with the curve of frequency change.
Figure 12 a is the E face directional diagram that antenna is 2.01GHz in frequency.
Figure 12 b is the H face directional diagram that antenna is 2.01GHz in frequency.
Figure 12 c is the E face directional diagram that antenna is 2.015GHz in frequency.
Figure 12 d is the H face directional diagram that antenna is 2.015GHz in frequency.
Figure 12 e is the E face directional diagram that antenna is 2.025GHz in frequency.
Figure 12 f is the H face directional diagram that antenna is 2.025GHz in frequency.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, enforcement of the present invention is elaborated, but the protection range that the present invention requires is not limited to following execution mode.
As shown in Fig. 1,2a, 2b, a kind of Dual-polarized multi-system compatible antenna, it comprises upper strata circular capacitor metal-loaded paster 2, monopole metal column 1, upper layer medium substrate 16, the first short circuit pin 3, the second short circuit pin 4, endless metal paster 5, intermediate layer first medium substrate 17, the first L-type probe 6, the second L-type probe 7, intermediate layer second medium substrate 18, metal floor 15, bottom medium substrate 19 and bottom Wilkinson power splitter; Upper strata circular capacitor metal-loaded paster 2 is attached to the upper surface of upper layer medium substrate 16, and endless metal paster 5 is being attached to the upper surface of intermediate layer first medium substrate 17; The rectangle metal patch 6a of the first L-type probe 6 is attached to the upper surface of intermediate layer second medium substrate 18, and metal floor 15 and bottom Wilkinson power splitter are attached to respectively upper surface and the lower surface of bottom medium substrate 19; Upper layer medium substrate 16, intermediate layer first medium substrate 17, intermediate layer second medium substrate 18 and bottom medium substrate 19 are bonded together from top to bottom successively; Monopole metal 1 connection upper strata, upper end circular capacitor metal-loaded paster 2, lower end is connected with feed port afterwards through the circular borehole 9 (as Fig. 5) on All Media substrate and metal floor 15; The first short circuit pin 3 is connected with upper strata circular capacitor metal-loaded paster 2 with the second short circuit pin 4 upper ends, and lower end is connected with metal floor 15; The first L-type probe 6 is made up of the long limit of L-type rectangle metal patch 6a, the minor face of short metal column 6b composition L-type, and the second L-type probe 7 is identical with the first L-type probe 6 structures; The axis of monopole metal column 1, the first short circuit pin 3, the second short circuit pin 4 and the second L-type probe 7 is in same plane, and this plane is by medium substrate decile; The planar quadrature at the axis place of the plane at the axis place of the first L-type probe and the second L-type probe 7, and intersection is the axis of monopole metal column 1; The upper end of the short metal column 6b of the first L-type probe 6 is connected with the rectangle metal patch 6a of L-type probe, lower end is connected with the end of the first low-impedance line 10 of Wilkinson power splitter through the circular borehole 8 on metal floor, and the second L-type probe 7 is connected with the end of the second low-impedance line 11 of Wilkinson power splitter.
Endless metal paster 5 as shown in Figure 4, its outward flange is that circular inner edge is oval, the center of circle and elliptical center are all positioned in the geometric centre axes of antenna, the resonance frequency of the big or small joint effect circular polarized antenna of the major axis a of the radius R of circular configuration and oval structure, the ratio that changes transverse a and minor axis b can regulate the axial ratio performance of antenna.
As Fig. 6, bottom Wilkinson power splitter is made up of the first low-
impedance line 10, the second low-
impedance line 11, the 3rd low-
impedance line 14, high
resistant line 12 and Chip-R 13.The 3rd low-
impedance line 14 is connected with the middle part of high
resistant line 12, other two sections of high
resistant line 12 are connected with one end of the second low-
impedance line 11 with the first low-
impedance line 10 respectively, the other end that the other end of the first low-
impedance line 10 connects the first L-
type probe 6, the second low-
impedance lines 11 connects the second L-type probe 7.The electrical length of the second low-
impedance line 11 is than the large quarter-wave of the electrical length of the first low-
impedance line 10, can produce like this that amplitude is identical, the signal of 90 ° of phase phasic differences, through two mutually orthogonal L-type probes,
endless metal paster 5 is carried out to feed, thereby form circular polarized antenna.The characteristic impedance of high
resistant line 12 is that the characteristic impedance of the first low-
impedance line 10, the second low-
impedance line 11 and the 3rd low-
impedance line 14 is z
0be
doubly, the impedance of Chip-
R 13 is
characteristic impedance z
02 times.So just can make input and the output access and Low ESR microstrip line characteristic impedance z of Wilkinson power splitter
0when equal load, mate completely.
As shown in Figure 3, upper strata circular capacitor metal-loaded paster 2, monopole metal column 1, the first short circuit pin 3 and the second short circuit pin 4 inductance load the monopole antenna that capacitor and inductor of composition loads, upper strata capacitive load metal patch 2 has increased capacitive coupling, the first short circuit pin 3 is connected upper strata capacitive load metal patch 2 has increased inductance coupling high with the second short circuit pin 4 with metal floor 15, thereby has effectively reduced the size of antenna.The diameter of two short circuit pins is greater than the diameter of monopole metal 1, regulates the diameter of two short circuit pins can control capacittance inductance to load the impedance bandwidth of monopole antenna.
Bottom Wilkinson power splitter and antenna duplexer metal floor 15, reduce antenna volume effectively, makes structure compacter.
Middle level first medium substrate 17, intermediate layer second medium substrate 18 are identical with the dielectric constant of bottom medium substrate 19, and the dielectric constant of upper layer medium substrate 16 is lower than middle level first medium substrate 17 dielectric constants.Upper layer medium substrate 16 adopts compared with low-k, can improve the isolation performance of antenna.
The result that above execution mode obtains after implementing is as shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10, Figure 11 and Figure 12.As can be seen from Figure 7 at Big Dipper B1, B1-2, GPS L1, in 1.55~1.615GHz frequency range at GLONASS L1 place, return loss S11 <-15dB, isolation S21 <-30dB, as can see from Figure 8, axial ratio AR < 2dB in above-mentioned frequency band, as can see from Figure 9 in 1.55~1.615GHz frequency band, gain G ain > 2dB, the maximum of gain is 5dB at 1.58GHz.Frequency be less than-10dB of return loss in the time of 2~2.035GHz as can be seen from Figure 10, be less than-15dB of return loss in 2.01~2.025GHz frequency range, be less than all the time-15dB of isolation.Can find out that from Figure 12 a~Figure 12 f antenna realized good linear polarization in the frequency range of TD-SCDMA.Impedance bandwidth, axial ratio bandwidth and the gain bandwidth of this explanation antenna have covered Big Dipper B1/B1-2, and the frequency ranges such as GPS L1 and GLONASS L1, have realized the combination of circular polarization and linear polarized antenna, and made antenna in above-mentioned frequency range, have good performance.