CN102305723A - Health monitoring method based on mixed monitoring and identification of damaged cable and generalized displacement of support - Google Patents
Health monitoring method based on mixed monitoring and identification of damaged cable and generalized displacement of support Download PDFInfo
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- CN102305723A CN102305723A CN201110144484A CN201110144484A CN102305723A CN 102305723 A CN102305723 A CN 102305723A CN 201110144484 A CN201110144484 A CN 201110144484A CN 201110144484 A CN201110144484 A CN 201110144484A CN 102305723 A CN102305723 A CN 102305723A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a health monitoring method based on the mixed monitoring and identification of a damaged cable and the generalized displacement of a support. The method comprises the following steps of: establishing a mechanical calculation reference model of a cable structure according to a design drawing and an as-built drawing of the cable structure, measured data of the cable structure and the like on the basis of mixed monitoring, performing mechanical calculation for multiple times on the basis of the mechanical calculation reference model, and obtaining a monitored quantity unit change matrix of the cable structure through the calculation; and quickly identifying the generalized displacement of the support and the damaged cable by using appropriate algorithms such as a multi-objective optimization algorithm and the like according to the approximate linear relation between a current numerical vector of monitored quantity and an initial vector of the monitored quantity, the monitored quantity unit change matrix of the cable structure and a current state vector of an evaluated object to be solved.
Description
Technical field
Structures such as cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge, truss-frame structure have a common ground; Be exactly that they have many parts that bear tensile load; Like suspension cable, main push-towing rope, hoist cable, pull bar or the like; The common ground of this class formation is to be support unit with rope, cable or the rod member that only bears tensile load, and the present invention is " Cable Structure " with such structure representation for simplicity.In the military service process of Cable Structure; The supporting system of Cable Structure (refers to all ropeway carrying-ropes, reaches all rod members that only bear tensile load that play supporting role; For simplicity; This patent is called " cable system " with whole support unit unifications of this class formation; But in fact cable system not only refers to support rope; Also comprise the rod member that only bears tensile load) can be impaired, the bearing of Cable Structure generalized displacement also possibly occur (for example the bearing generalized displacement refers to that bearing is along the angular displacement around X, Y, Z axle of the displacement of the lines of X, Y, Z axle and bearing simultaneously; Corresponding to the bearing generalized displacement; The bearing generalized coordinate refers to that bearing is about the coordinate of X, Y, Z axle and the bearing angular coordinate about X, Y, Z axle); These safety that change to Cable Structure are a kind of threats; The present invention is based on structural health monitoring technology; Discern the damaged cable in the cable system of bearing generalized displacement and Cable Structure based on hybrid monitoring, belong to the engineering structure health monitoring field.
Background technology
The bearing generalized displacement is a significant threat to Cable Structure safety; Same; Cable system is the key components of Cable Structure normally; Its inefficacy usually brings the inefficacy of total, and the damaged cable of discerning based on structural health monitoring technology in the cable system of bearing generalized displacement and Cable Structure is a kind of method that has potentiality.When generalized displacement appears in bearing or the health status of cable system when changing, or two kinds of situation when taking place simultaneously; Can cause the variation of the measurable parameter of structure; For example can cause the variation of Suo Li; Can influence the distortion or the strain of Cable Structure; Can influence the shape or the space coordinates of Cable Structure; Can cause variation (the for example arbitrarily variation of the angle coordinate of the straight line of any this point of mistake in any section of body structure surface of angle coordinate of any imaginary line of the every bit of Cable Structure; The perhaps body structure surface variation of the angle coordinate of the normal of any arbitrarily); All these change the health status information that has all comprised cable system; Therefore can be by the hybrid monitoring of the variation of the characteristic parameter of these dissimilar structures being judged the health status of structure; The present invention's architectural feature parameter that all are monitored is referred to as " monitored amount "; Because this moment, monitored amount was made up of the dissimilar measurable parameter mixing of structure; The present invention claims that this is a hybrid monitoring, that is to say and can utilize hybrid monitoring to discern bearing generalized displacement and damaged cable.
In order reliable monitoring and judgement to be arranged to the health status and the bearing generalized displacement of the cable system of Cable Structure; The method of the variation of a measurable parameter of can rational and effective setting up Cable Structure with the relation between the health status of all ropes in bearing generalized displacement and the cable system must be arranged, and the health monitoring systems of setting up based on this method can provide the health evaluating of more believable bearing generalized displacement assessment and cable system.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters:The invention discloses a kind of based on health monitor method hybrid monitoring, that can discern bearing generalized displacement and damaged cable rationally and effectively to the multiclass parameter.
Technical scheme:If the quantity sum of the quantity of rope and bearing generalized displacement component does
NFor the purpose of narrating conveniently, the present invention is unified to claim that rope and the bearing generalized displacement assessed are " by evaluation object ", gives by the evaluation object serial number, and the present invention is with using variable
iRepresent this numbering,
i=1,2,3 ...,
N, therefore we can say
NIndividual by evaluation object.
Monitored multiclass parameter can comprise: Suo Li, strain, angle and volume coordinate, and narration is as follows respectively:
If it is total in the cable system
QThe root rope, the monitored rope force data of structure is by on the structure
M 1 Individual appointment rope
M 1 Individual rope force data is described, and the variation of structure Suo Li is exactly all variations of specifying the Suo Li of rope.Each total
M 1 Individual cable force measurement value or calculated value characterize the rope force information of structure.
M 1 Be one and be not less than 0 integer.
The monitored strain data of structure can be by on the structure
K 2 Individual specified point, and each specified point
L 2 The strain of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of structural strain data is exactly
K 2 The variation of the tested strain of all of individual specified point.Each total
M 2 (M 2 =K 2 * L 2 )Individual strain measurement value or calculated value characterize structural strain.
M 2 Be one and be not less than 0 integer.
The monitored angle-data of structure is by on the structure
K 3 Individual specified point, cross each specified point
L 3 Individual appointment straight line, each specifies straight line
H 3 Individual angle coordinate component is described, and the variation of structure angle is exactly variations all specified points, all appointments angle coordinate components straight line, all appointments.Each total
M 3 (M 3 =K 3 * L 3 * H 3 )Individual angle coordinate component measurement value or calculated value characterize the angle information of structure.
M 3 Be one and be not less than 0 integer.
The monitored shape data of structure is by on the structure
K 4 Individual specified point, and each specified point
L 4 The volume coordinate of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of planform data is exactly
K 4 The variation of all coordinate components of individual specified point.Each total
M 4 (M 4 =K 4 * L 4 )Individual measurement of coordinates value or calculated value characterize planform.
M 4 Be one and be not less than 0 integer.
Comprehensive above-mentioned monitored amount, total is total
M (M=M 1 + M 2 + M 3 + M 4 )Individual monitored amount, the definition parameter
K(
K=M 1 + K 2 + K 3 + K 4 ),
KWith
MMust not be less than by the quantity of evaluation object
NBecause
MIndividual monitored amount is dissimilar, so the present invention is called " based on the health monitor method of hybrid monitoring identification damaged cable bearing generalized displacement ".
For simplicity, in the present invention " all monitored parameters of structure " are abbreviated as " monitored amount ".
The present invention is made up of three parts.Be respectively set up by the method for required knowledge base of evaluation object health monitoring systems and parameter, based on knowledge base (containing parameter) and survey Cable Structure monitored amount by the software and hardware part of evaluation object health status appraisal procedure, health monitoring systems.
First of the present invention: foundation is used for by the method for the knowledge base of evaluation object health monitoring and parameter.Specific as follows: 1. the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A that sets up Cable Structure
oThe method of (for example finite element benchmark model) is following.
Set up A
oThe time; Measured data according to the Cable Structure in the Cable Structure completion (comprises measured datas such as Cable Structure shape data, rope force data, draw-bar pull data, Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data, Cable Structure modal data; To cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao, rope force data, the modal data of bridge, the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope etc. can be expressed the data of the health status of rope) and design drawing, as-constructed drawing, utilize mechanics method (for example finite element method) to set up A
oIf there is not the measured data of the structure in the Cable Structure completion; So just before setting up health monitoring systems, structure is surveyed; The measured data that obtains Cable Structure (comprises the Cable Structure shape data; The rope force data; The draw-bar pull data; Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data; Measured datas such as Cable Structure modal data; To cable-stayed bridge; Suspension bridge and the bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao; The rope force data; The modal data of bridge; The Non-Destructive Testing data of rope etc. can be expressed the data of the health status of rope); Design drawing according to these data and Cable Structure; As-constructed drawing utilizes mechanics method (for example finite element method) to set up A
oNo matter which kind of method to obtain A with
o, based on A
oThe Cable Structure computational data that calculates (to cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and the modal data of the bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao, rope force data, bridge) must be very near its measured data, and error generally must not be greater than 5%.Can guarantee to utilize A like this
oStrain computational data, Suo Li computational data, Cable Structure shape computational data and displacement computational data, Cable Structure angle-data etc. under the analog case of calculating gained, the measured data when truly taking place near institute's analog case reliably.
Among the present invention with monitored amount initial vector
C o The vector (seeing formula (1)) that the initial value of all monitored amounts of expression Cable Structure is formed.Requirement is obtaining A
oIn time, obtain
C o Because of subject to the foregoing, the monitored amount of calculating gained based on the calculating benchmark model of Cable Structure approaches the measured data of initial monitored amount reliably, in the narration of back, will represent this calculated value and measured value with prosign.
In the formula (1)
C Oj (
j=1,2,3,
., M; M>=N) be in the Cable Structure
jThe original bulk of individual monitored amount, this component according to coding rule corresponding to specific
jIndividual monitored amount.
TThe transposition of expression vector (back together).
Vectorial among the present invention with the current numerical value of monitored amount
CThe vector of forming by the currency of all monitored amounts in the Cable Structure (formula (2) is seen in definition).
In the formula (2)
C j (
j=1,2,3,
., M; M>=N) be in the Cable Structure
jThe currency of individual monitored amount, this component
C j According to coding rule with
C Oj Corresponding to same " monitored amount ".
2. set up the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ CMethod
Set up the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ CConcrete grammar following:
Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A in Cable Structure
oThe basis on carry out several times and calculate, equal on the calculation times numerical value
NCalculating hypothesis each time has only one by evaluation object unit damage or unit generalized displacement to be arranged; Concrete; If should be a supporting rope in the cable system by evaluation object; So just this supporting rope of hypothesis has unit damage (for example to get 5%; 10%; 20% or 30% equivalent damage is a unit damage); If should be the generalized displacement component of a direction of a bearing by evaluation object; Just suppose that this bearing (for example gets 1 millimeter in this generalized displacement direction generation unit generalized displacement; 2 millimeters; 3 millimeters grades are the unit line displacement; Get 100,000/radian; 2/100000ths radians; 3/100000ths radians etc. are the unit angular displacement), use
D Ui Write down this unit damage or unit generalized displacement, wherein
iExpression take place unit damage or unit generalized displacement by the numbering of evaluation object.With " unit damage or unit generalized displacement vector
D u " (shown in (3)) write down all unit damage or unit generalized displacement.Occur in calculating each time unit damage or unit generalized displacement be different from by evaluation object other time occur in calculating unit damage or unit generalized displacement by evaluation object; Calculate the current calculated value all utilize mechanics method (for example finite element method) to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time, the current calculated value of the monitored amount of all that calculate is formed a monitored amount calculation current vector (when hypothesis the each time
iWhen individual monitored amount has unit damage or unit generalized displacement, the monitored amount calculation current vector of available formula (4) expression
C t i ); Calculate monitored amount calculation current vector each time and deduct behind the monitored amount initial vector and calculate unit damage or the unit generalized displacement numerical value of being supposed divided by this time again, the gained vector be exactly under this condition (with have unit damage or unit generalized displacement by the mark that is numbered of evaluation object) monitored quantitative changeization vector (when the
iIndividual when unit damage or unit generalized displacement being arranged by evaluation object, use
δ C i Represent monitored quantitative changeization vector; Formula (5) is seen in definition; Formula (5) deducts formula (1) gained for formula (4)), each element representation of monitored quantitative changeization vector is owing to suppose the change amount of that pairing monitored amount of this element that is caused by the unit change of evaluation object that unit damage or unit generalized displacement are arranged when calculating; Have
NIndividual just had by evaluation object
NIndividual monitored quantitative changeization vector is owing to have
MIndividual monitored amount is so each monitored quantitative change vector has
MIndividual element is by this
NIndividual monitored quantitative change vector is formed successively to be had
M * NThe monitored amount unit change matrix of individual element
Δ C,
Δ CDefinition suc as formula shown in (6).
Unit damage or unit generalized displacement vector in the formula (3)
D u Element
D Ui (
i=1,2,3 ....,
N) expression the
iIndividual by the unit damage of evaluation object or unit generalized displacement numerical value, vector
D u In the numerical value of each element can be the same or different.
(4)
Element in the formula (4)
C Tj i (
i=1,2,3 ....,
N; j=1,2,3 ....,
M; M>=N) expression is because the
iIndividual when unit damage or unit generalized displacement being arranged by evaluation object, according to coding rule pairing
jThe current calculated amount of individual monitored amount.
(6)
In the formula (6)
Δ C J, i (
i=1,2,3 ....,
N; j=1,2,3 ....,
M; M>=N) expression is only because the
iIndividual by evaluation object have unit damage or unit generalized displacement cause, according to coding rule pairing
jThe variation (algebraic value) of the current numerical value of calculating of individual monitored amount.Monitored quantitative changeization vector
δ C i Be actually matrix
Δ CIn one row.
3. the current numerical value vector of monitored amount
C(calculating or actual measurement) is with monitored amount initial vector
C o , monitored amount unit change matrix
Δ CWith vectorial by the evaluation object current state
dBetween linear approximate relationship, shown in (7) or formula (8).By evaluation object current state vector
dDefinition referring to formula (9).
In the formula (9)
d i (
i=1,2,3 ....,
N) be
iIndividual by the current state of evaluation object, if should be the rope (or pull bar) in the cable system, so by evaluation object
d i Represent its current damage,
d i Being to represent not damaged at 0 o'clock, is to represent that this rope thoroughly lost load-bearing capacity at 100% o'clock, representes to lose the load-bearing capacity of corresponding proportion in the time of between 0 and 100%, if should be a generalized displacement component of a bearing by evaluation object, so
d i Represent its current generalized displacement numerical value.
The linear relationship error vector of available formula (10) definition
eThe error of linear relationship shown in expression (7) or the formula (8).
In the formula (10)
Abs ()Be the function that takes absolute value, each element of the vector of trying to achieve in the bracket is taken absolute value.
Second portion of the present invention: based on knowledge base (containing parameter) and the actual measurement monitored amount by evaluation object health status appraisal procedure.
Because there are certain error in formula (7) or the represented linear relationship of formula (8), therefore can not be simply according to formula (7) or formula (8) and the current numerical value vector of the monitored amount of actual measurement
CCome directly to find the solution and obtain by evaluation object current state vector
dIf done like this, what obtain is vectorial by the evaluation object current state
dIn element in addition bigger negative value can appear, just possibly obtain negative damage, be exactly this obviously be irrational.Therefore obtain by evaluation object current state vector
dAcceptable separating (promptly have reasonable error, but can confirm the position and the degree of injury thereof of bearing generalized displacement and definite damaged cable more accurately) become a rational solution, available formula (11) is expressed this method.
(11)
In the formula (11)
Abs ()Be the function that takes absolute value, vector
gDescription departs from the reasonable deviation of ideal linearity relation (formula (7) or formula (8)), is defined by formula (12).
In the formula (12)
g j (
j=1,2,3 ....,
M) maximum allowable offset of the ideal linearity relation that departs from shown in formula (7) or the formula (8) described.Vector
gCan be according to the error vector of formula (10) definition
eTentative calculation is selected.
At monitored amount initial vector
C o , monitored amount unit change matrix
Δ CWith the current numerical value vector of the monitored amount of actual measurement
CWhen known, can utilize suitable algorithm (for example multi-objective optimization algorithm) to find the solution formula (11), obtain by evaluation object current state vector
dAcceptable separating, thereby confirm the position and the degree of injury of damaged cable.
Third part of the present invention: the software and hardware part of health monitoring systems.
Hardware components comprises monitored amount monitoring system, signal picker and computing machine etc.Require to monitor in real time or quasi real time each monitored amount.
Software should the following function of tool: the data in real time that software section at first transmits according to monitoring system or quasi real time analyze and obtain the current numerical value vector of the monitored amount of current cable structure
C, the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of the Cable Structure of reading pre-stored then
o, monitored amount unit change matrix
Δ CWith monitored amount initial vector
C o , find the solution formula (11) according to suitable algorithm (for example multi-objective optimization algorithm), obtain by evaluation object current state vector
dNoninferior solution, just have reasonable error but can be more exactly from cable system, confirm damaged cable the separating of position and degree of injury thereof, can discern separating of bearing generalized displacement more exactly.
The inventive method specifically comprises:
A. for for the purpose of narration is convenient, the present invention is unified to claim that the supporting rope of being assessed is by evaluation object with bearing generalized displacement component, establishes the quantity of the supporting rope of being assessed and the quantity sum of bearing generalized displacement component and does
N, promptly done by the quantity of evaluation object
NConfirm that by the coding rule of evaluation object with all being numbered by evaluation object in the Cable Structure, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step by this rule; The present invention's variable
iRepresent this numbering,
i=1,2,3 ...,
N
The supporting rope with monitored Suo Li of appointment when b. confirming hybrid monitoring is established in the cable system total
QThe root rope, the monitored rope force data of structure is by on the structure
M 1 Individual appointment rope
M 1 Individual rope force data is described, and the variation of structure Suo Li is exactly all variations of specifying the Suo Li of rope; Each total
M 1 Individual cable force measurement value or calculated value characterize the rope force information of structure;
M 1 Be one and be not less than 0 integer; The measured point with monitored strain of appointment when confirming hybrid monitoring, the monitored strain data of structure can be by on the structure
K 2 Individual specified point, and each specified point
L 2 The strain of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of structural strain data is exactly
K 2 The variation of the tested strain of all of individual specified point; Each total
M 2 Individual strain measurement value or calculated value characterize structural strain,
M 2 For
K 2 With
L 2 Long-pending;
M 2 Be to be not less than 0 integer; The measured point with monitored angle of appointment when confirming hybrid monitoring, the monitored angle-data of structure is by on the structure
K 3 Individual specified point, cross each specified point
L 3 Individual appointment straight line, each specifies straight line
H 3 Individual angle coordinate component is described, and the variation of structure angle is exactly variations all specified points, all appointments angle coordinate components straight line, all appointments; Each total
M 3 Individual angle coordinate component measurement value or calculated value characterize the angle information of structure,
M 3 For
K 3 , L 3 With
H 3 Long-pending;
M 3 Be one and be not less than 0 integer; When confirming hybrid monitoring appointment with monitored shape data, the monitored shape data of structure is by on the structure
K 4 Individual specified point, and each specified point
L 4 The volume coordinate of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of planform data is exactly
K 4 The variation of all coordinate components of individual specified point; Each total
M 4 Individual measurement of coordinates value or calculated value characterize planform,
M 4 For
K 4 With
L 4 Long-pending;
M 4 Be one and be not less than 0 integer; The monitored amount of comprehensive above-mentioned hybrid monitoring, total is total
MIndividual monitored amount
, MFor
M 1 , M 2 , M 3 With
M 4 Sum, the definition parameter
K,
KFor
M 1 , K 2 , K 3 With
K 4 Sum,
KWith
MMust not be less than by the quantity of evaluation object
NBecause
MIndividual monitored amount is dissimilar, so the present invention is called " based on the health monitor method of hybrid monitoring identification damaged cable bearing generalized displacement "; For simplicity, in the present invention that this step is listed " all monitored parameters of structure during hybrid monitoring " abbreviate " monitored amount " as;
C. directly measure the initial value of all monitored amounts that calculate Cable Structure, form monitored amount initial vector
C o Obtain monitored amount initial vector in actual measurement
C o The time, actual measurement obtains the initial rope force data of all ropes of Cable Structure, the initial geometric data and the initial Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data of structure; The bearing generalized coordinate comprises two kinds of line amount and angle amounts;
D. according to the measured data of design drawing, as-constructed drawing and the Cable Structure of Cable Structure, the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope and the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A that initial Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data are set up Cable Structure
o
E. at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, through calculate obtaining the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ C
F. actual measurement obtain Cable Structure all specify the current measured value of monitored amount, form the current numerical value vector of monitored amount
C
G. define by evaluation object current state vector
d, by evaluation object current state vector
dElement number equal by the quantity of evaluation object, by evaluation object current state vector
dElement and be one-to-one relationship between the evaluation object, by evaluation object current state vector
dElement numerical value represent corresponding by the degree of injury of evaluation object or generalized displacement;
H. vectorial according to the current numerical value of monitored amount
CWith monitored amount initial vector
C o , the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ CWith to be asked by evaluation object current state vector
dBetween the linear approximate relationship that exists, this linear approximate relationship can be expressed as formula 1, removes in the formula 1
dOther outer amount is known, finds the solution formula 1 and just can calculate by evaluation object current state vector
dBecause by evaluation object current state vector
dElement numerical value represent corresponding by the degree of injury of evaluation object or generalized displacement; So according to being defined the impaired and degree of injury of which rope by evaluation object current state vector; Can confirm the bearing generalized displacement, promptly realize the health status assessment of cable system in assessment and the Cable Structure of bearing generalized displacement;
In step e, at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe basis on, obtain the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix through the several times Mechanics Calculation
Δ CConcrete grammar be:
E1. at the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, equal on the calculation times numerical value
NCalculating hypothesis each time has only one by evaluation object unit damage or unit generalized displacement to be arranged; Concrete; If should be a supporting rope in the cable system by evaluation object; So just this supporting rope of hypothesis has unit damage; If should be the generalized displacement component of a direction of a bearing by evaluation object; Just suppose this bearing in this generalized displacement direction generation unit generalized displacement, use
D Ui Write down this unit damage or unit generalized displacement, wherein
iExpression take place unit damage or unit generalized displacement by the numbering of evaluation object; Occur in calculating each time unit damage or unit generalized displacement be different from by evaluation object other time occur in calculating unit damage or unit generalized displacement by evaluation object; Calculate the current calculated value that all utilizes mechanics method to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time, the current calculated value of the monitored amount of all that calculate is formed a monitored amount calculation current vector each time;
E2. the monitored amount calculation current vector that calculates is each time calculated unit damage or the unit generalized displacement numerical value of being supposed divided by this time after deducting monitored amount initial vector again, obtains a monitored quantitative changeization vector, has
NIndividual just had by evaluation object
NIndividual monitored quantitative changeization vector;
E3. by this
NIndividual monitored quantitative change vector is formed successively to be had
NThe monitored amount unit change of the Cable Structure matrix of row
Δ CThe monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ CEach row corresponding to a monitored quantitative changeization vector.
Beneficial effect:Method disclosed by the invention can identify the health status (position and the degree of injury that comprise all damaged cables) of generalized displacement of Cable Structure bearing and cable system simultaneously, and system and method disclosed by the invention is very useful to the safety of Cable Structure.
Embodiment
To the health monitoring of Cable Structure, the invention discloses a kind of system and method that can monitor in the Cable Structure health status of each root rope and each bearing generalized displacement component in the cable system rationally and effectively simultaneously.The following explanation of embodiments of the invention in fact only is exemplary, and purpose never is to limit application of the present invention or use.
The present invention adopts a kind of algorithm, and this algorithm is used for monitoring the health status of the cable system of Cable Structure.During practical implementation, the following step is a kind of in the various steps that can take.
The first step: for the purpose of narrating conveniently, the present invention is unified to claim that supporting rope and the bearing generalized displacement component assessed are by evaluation object, establishes the quantity of the supporting rope of being assessed and the quantity sum of bearing generalized displacement component and does
N, promptly done by the quantity of evaluation object
NConfirm that by the coding rule of evaluation object with all being numbered by evaluation object in the Cable Structure, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step by this rule; The present invention's variable
iRepresent this numbering,
i=1,2,3 ...,
N
The supporting rope with monitored Suo Li of appointment when confirming hybrid monitoring is established in the cable system total
QThe root rope, the monitored rope force data of structure is by on the structure
M 1 Individual appointment rope
M 1 Individual rope force data is described, and the variation of structure Suo Li is exactly all variations of specifying the Suo Li of rope.Each total
M 1 Individual cable force measurement value or calculated value characterize the rope force information of structure.
M 1 Be one and be not less than 0 integer.When reality was selected the rope of monitored Suo Li, the rope that can select those Suo Li to be easy to measure was monitored rope.
The measured point with monitored strain of appointment when confirming hybrid monitoring, the monitored strain data of structure can be by on the structure
K 2 Individual specified point, and each specified point
L 2 The strain of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of structural strain data is exactly
K 2 The variation of the tested strain of all of individual specified point.Each total
M 2 Individual strain measurement value or calculated value characterize structural strain,
M 2 For
K 2 With
L 2 Long-pending.
M 2 Be one and be not less than 0 integer.A near point each fixed endpoint that can be exactly each root rope (drag-line that for example is cable-stayed bridge is at the stiff end on the bridge) with the measured point of monitored strain; This specified point can also be a near point the structural bearings; This point generally should not be a stress concentration point; Avoiding occurring excessive strain measurement value, near the fixed endpoint of the rope of the monitored Suo Li of appointment or it when these points generally should all be not hybrid monitoring yet.
The measured point with monitored angle of appointment when confirming hybrid monitoring, the monitored angle-data of structure is by on the structure
K 3 Individual specified point, cross each specified point
L 3 Individual appointment straight line, each specifies straight line
H 3 Individual angle coordinate component is described, and the variation of structure angle is exactly variations all specified points, all appointments angle coordinate components straight line, all appointments.Each total
M 3 Individual angle coordinate component measurement value or calculated value characterize the angle information of structure,
M 3 For
K 3 , L 3 With
H 3 Long-pending.
M 3 Be one and be not less than 0 integer.Each specified point can be exactly the fixed endpoint (drag-line that for example is cable-stayed bridge is at the stiff end on the bridge floor) or a near point it of each root rope; This specified point can also be a near point the structural bearings, and the point of monitored angle-data generally should all not be chosen as " fixed endpoint of the rope of the monitored Suo Li of appointment or near the point it in the hybrid monitoring " and " point of the monitored strain of appointment or near the point it in the hybrid monitoring "; Can only measure an angle coordinate of specifying straight line at each specified point, for example measure body structure surface normal or the tangent line of the specified point angle coordinate with respect to the acceleration of gravity direction, in fact be exactly measurement of dip angle here.
When confirming hybrid monitoring appointment with monitored shape data, the monitored shape data of structure is by on the structure
K 4 Individual specified point, and each specified point
L 4 The volume coordinate of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of planform data is exactly
K 4 The variation of all coordinate components of individual specified point.Each total
M 4 Individual measurement of coordinates value or calculated value characterize planform,
M 4 For
K 4 With
L 4 Long-pending.
M 4 Be one and be not less than 0 integer.Each specified point can be exactly the fixed endpoint (for example being the stiff end of drag-line on bridge of cable-stayed bridge) of each root rope, and this specified point can also be a near point the structural bearings, perhaps directly is exactly the structural bearings fulcrum; Here Xuan Ding monitored point should all not selected " fixed endpoint of the rope of the monitored Suo Li of appointment or near the point it in the hybrid monitoring ", " point of the monitored strain of appointment or near the point it in the hybrid monitoring " and " point of the monitored angle-data of appointment or near the point it in the hybrid monitoring " for use.
Comprehensive above-mentioned monitored amount, total is total with regard to hybrid monitoring
MIndividual monitored amount
, MFor
M 1 , M 2 , M 3 With
M 4 Sum, the definition parameter
K,
KFor
M 1 , K 2 , K 3 With
K 4 Sum,
KWith
MMust not be less than by the quantity of evaluation object
NBecause
MIndividual monitored amount is dissimilar, so the present invention is called " based on the health monitor method of hybrid monitoring identification damaged cable bearing generalized displacement ".For simplicity, in the present invention that this step is listed " all monitored parameters of structure during hybrid monitoring " abbreviate " monitored amount " as.
Second step: directly measure the initial value of all monitored amounts that calculate Cable Structure, form monitored amount initial vector
C o Obtain monitored amount initial vector in actual measurement
C o The time, actual measurement obtains the initial rope force data of all ropes of Cable Structure, the initial geometric data (is exactly its initial bridge type data for cable-stayed bridge) and the initial Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data of structure.
The 3rd step: according to the measured data of design drawing, as-constructed drawing and the Cable Structure of Cable Structure (data such as initial Suo Li, structural modal data that comprise structure original geometric form data, strain data, all ropes, to cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and the modal data of the bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao, strain data, rope force data, bridge), the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope and the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A that initial Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data are set up Cable Structure
o, based on Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe computational data that calculates structure must be very near its measured data, and error generally must not be greater than 5%.
Step 4: mechanical calculations benchmark model A <sub TranNum="720"> o </ sub> on the basis of several mechanical calculations, cable structures obtained by calculating the amount of units to be monitored change matrix <i TranNum = "721" > ΔC </ i>; Specific methods are: mechanical cable structure in the basis of calculation model A <sub TranNum="722"> o </ sub> on the basis of several mechanical calculations, the number of calculations numerically equal <i TranNum = "723"> N </ i>; each calculation assumes that only one object has been evaluated units or units of generalized displacement damage, specifically, if the object is being evaluated in a retrieval system supporting cable, then it is assumed that a unit supporting cable damage is assessed if the object is a holder of a generalized direction displacement components, it is assumed that the holder in the direction of the generalized displacement unit generalized displacement (for example, if the object being evaluated is a bearing x line direction displacement components, it is assumed that the holder in the x-direction linear displacement unit, if the object is a support is assessed around the x-axis component of the angular displacement, it is assumed that the holder about the x-axis has units of angular displacement) with <i TranNum="724"> D </ i> <sub TranNum="725"> <i TranNum="726"> ui </ i> </ sub> record of this unit or units generalized displacement damage, which <i TranNum="727"> i </ i> indicates that a unit or units of generalized displacement damage is assessed object number; each calculation unit damage occurred or unit generalized displacement of the object being evaluated calculation is different from other times unit or unit damage occurs generalized displacement of the object being evaluated, every mechanical calculations are calculated using the cable structure to be monitored all the current amount of the calculated value, and each time the calculated amount of current being monitored all the calculated values constitute an amount to be monitored calculate the current vector; every time calculated by monitoring the amount calculated by subtracting the current vector is then divided by the initial vector to monitor the amount of calculations assumed that damage to the unit or units of generalized displacement values obtained by monitoring the amount of change in a vector, a < i TranNum = "728"> N </ i> an object being evaluated there <i TranNum="729"> N </ i> one is monitoring the amount of change vectors; by these <i TranNum="730"> N < / i> a change in the amount to be monitored sequentially vector composition of <i TranNum="731"> N </ i> out of the cable structure is monitored unit change in the amount of matrix <i TranNum="732"> ΔC </ i>; cable Monitoring the amount of unit change in structure is the matrix <i TranNum="733"> ΔC </ i> for each column corresponds to a change in the amount of vector to be monitored.
The 5th step: set up the linear relationship error vector
eAnd vector
gUtilize data (the monitored amount initial vector of front
C o , monitored amount unit change matrix
Δ C), when the 4th step calculated each time, promptly in calculating each time unit change appears
D Ui (unit change refers to unit damage or the unit generalized displacement in the 4th step) be different from by evaluation object other time occur in calculating unit change by evaluation object; Calculate the current calculated value that all utilizes mechanics method to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time; When the current calculated value of the monitored amount of all that calculate is formed a monitored amount calculation current vector each time, calculate each time and form one by the evaluation object state vector
d, this is by the evaluation object state vector
dAll elements in have only the numerical value of an element to get the unit change that this calculates appointment
D Ui , the numerical value of other element gets 0, by the evaluation object state vector
dMiddle numerical value is
D Ui Element when calculating corresponding to this time unique generation unit change by the unit change degree of evaluation object (
D Ui ); Will
C, C o ,
Δ C,
dBring formula (10) into, obtain a linear relationship error vector
e, calculate a linear relationship error vector each time
eHave
NIndividual just had by evaluation object
NInferior calculating just has
NIndividual linear relationship error vector
e, with this
NIndividual linear relationship error vector
eObtain a vector after the addition, with this vector each element divided by
NAfter the new vector that obtains be exactly final linear relationship error vector
eVector
gEqual final error vector
e
The 6th step: the hardware components of pass line structural healthy monitoring system.Hardware components comprises at least: monitored amount monitoring system (for example containing measurement of angle subsystem, cable force measurement subsystem, strain measurement subsystem, volume coordinate measurement subsystem, signal conditioner etc.), signal (data) collector, the computing machine and the panalarm of communicating by letter.Each monitored amount all must arrive by monitored system monitoring, and monitoring system is transferred to signal (data) collector with the signal that monitors; Signal is delivered to computing machine through signal picker; Computing machine then is responsible for the health monitoring software of operation Cable Structure, comprises the signal that the transmission of tracer signal collector comes; Damage or bearing are arranged when generalized displacement is arranged when monitoring rope, when perhaps two kinds of situation take place simultaneously, the computer control communication panalarm to monitor staff, owner and (or) personnel of appointment report to the police.
The 7th step: with monitored amount initial vector
C o , monitored amount unit change matrix
Δ CMode with data file is kept on the hard disc of computer of operation health monitoring systems software.
The 8th step: establishment and installation and operation is based on the identification damaged cable of hybrid monitoring and the health monitoring systems software of bearing generalized displacement on computers, this software will be accomplished functions such as the needed monitoring of each task of the present invention, record, control, storage, calculating, notice, warning (be in this practical implementation method all can with the work of computing machine completion).
The 9th step: actual measurement obtain Cable Structure all specify the current measured value of monitored amount, form " the current numerical value vector of monitored amount
C".
The tenth step: according to the current numerical value vector of monitored amount
CWith monitored amount initial vector
C o , monitored amount unit change matrix
Δ CWith vectorial by the evaluation object current state
dThe linear approximate relationship (formula (7)) that exists between (being made up of by the current state of health data of evaluation object all) calculates by evaluation object current state vector according to multi-objective optimization algorithm
dNoninferior solution, just have reasonable error but can assess all separating more exactly by the health status of evaluation object.
The multi-objective optimization algorithm that can adopt has a variety of, for example: based on the multiple-objection optimization of genetic algorithm, based on the multiple-objection optimization of artificial neural network, based on the multi-objective optimization algorithm of population, multiple-objection optimization, leash law (Constrain Method), weighted method (Weighted Sum Method), goal programming method (Goal Attainment Method) or the like based on ant group algorithm.Because various multi-objective optimization algorithms all are conventional algorithms, can realize easily that this implementation step is that example provides and finds the solution by evaluation object current state vector with the goal programming method only
dProcess, the concrete implementation procedure of other algorithm can realize according to the requirement of its specific algorithm in a similar fashion.
According to the goal programming method, formula (7) can transform the multi-objective optimization question shown in an accepted way of doing sth (13) and the formula (14), in the formula (13)<i TranNum=" 793 ">γ</i>Be a real number,<i TranNum=" 794 ">R</i>Be real number field, area of space Ω has limited vector<i TranNum=" 795 ">d</i>Span (the present embodiment requirements vector of each element<i TranNum=" 796 ">d</i>Each element be not less than 0, be not more than 1; Each element corresponding to the bearing generalized displacement is selected according to the bearing restriction range).The meaning of formula (13) is to seek the real number of a minimum<i TranNum=" 797 ">γ</i>, make formula (14) be met.In the formula (14)<i TranNum=" 798 ">G (d)</i>By formula (15) definition, weighing vector in the formula (14)<i TranNum=" 799 ">W</i>With<i TranNum=" 800 ">γ</i>Product representation formula (14) in<i TranNum=" 801 ">G (d)</i>With vector<i TranNum=" 802 ">g</i>Between the deviation that allows,<i TranNum=" 803 ">g</i>Definition referring to formula (12), its value the 7th the step calculate.Vector during actual computation<i TranNum=" 804 ">W</i>Can with vector<i TranNum=" 805 ">g</i>Identical.The concrete programming of goal programming method realizes having had universal program directly to adopt.Use the goal programming method just can be in the hope of by vectorial < i TranNum=" the 806 ">d of evaluation object current state.</i>
By evaluation object current state vector
dElement number equal by the quantity of evaluation object, by evaluation object current state vector
dElement and be one-to-one relationship between the evaluation object; If by evaluation object current state vector
dCorresponding this of element be the supporting rope by evaluation object, so should be by evaluation object current state vector
dElement numerical value represent degree of injury or the health status of corresponding rope if the numerical value of this element that solves is 0; Represent that the pairing rope of this element is intact; Do not damage; If its numerical value is 100%; Represent that then the pairing rope of this element has completely lost load-bearing capacity; If its numerical value between 0 and 100%, is then represented this rope and has been lost the load-bearing capacity of corresponding proportion; If by evaluation object current state vector
dCorresponding this of element be a bearing generalized displacement component by evaluation object, so should be by evaluation object current state vector
dElement numerical value represent the numerical value of corresponding bearing generalized displacement component.
The 11 step: the computing machine in the health monitoring systems regularly generates cable system health condition form automatically or by the personnel operation health monitoring systems.
The 12 step: under specified requirements, the automatic operation communication panalarm of the computing machine in the health monitoring systems to monitor staff, owner and (or) personnel of appointment report to the police.
Claims (2)
1. health monitor method based on the generalized displacement of hybrid monitoring identification damaged cable bearing is characterized in that said method comprises:
A. for for the purpose of narration is convenient, unifiedly claim that the supporting rope of being assessed is that establishing the quantity of the supporting rope of being assessed and the quantity sum of bearing generalized displacement component is N, is N by the quantity of evaluation object promptly by evaluation object with bearing generalized displacement component; Confirm that by the coding rule of evaluation object with all being numbered by evaluation object in the Cable Structure, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step by this rule; Represent this numbering with variable i, i=1,2,3 ..., N;
The supporting rope with monitored Suo Li of appointment when b. confirming hybrid monitoring is established total Q root rope in the cable system, and the monitored rope force data of structure is by M on the structure
1The M of individual appointment rope
1Individual rope force data is described, and the variation of structure Suo Li is exactly all variations of specifying the Suo Li of rope; Each total M
1Individual cable force measurement value or calculated value characterize the rope force information of structure; M
1Be one and be not less than 0 integer; The measured point with monitored strain of appointment when confirming hybrid monitoring, the monitored strain data of structure can be by K on the structure
2L individual specified point, that reach each specified point
2The strain of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of structural strain data is exactly K
2The variation of the tested strain of all of individual specified point; Each total M
2Individual strain measurement value or calculated value characterize structural strain, M
2Be K
2And L
2Long-pending; M
2Be to be not less than 0 integer; The measured point with monitored angle of appointment when confirming hybrid monitoring, the monitored angle-data of structure is by K on the structure
3L individual specified point, that cross each specified point
3H individual appointment straight line, each appointment straight line
3Individual angle coordinate component is described, and the variation of structure angle is exactly variations all specified points, all appointments angle coordinate components straight line, all appointments; Each total M
3Individual angle coordinate component measurement value or calculated value characterize the angle information of structure, M
3Be K
3, L
3And H
3Long-pending; M
3Be one and be not less than 0 integer; When confirming hybrid monitoring appointment with monitored shape data, the monitored shape data of structure is by K on the structure
4L individual specified point, that reach each specified point
4The volume coordinate of individual assigned direction is described, and the variation of planform data is exactly K
4The variation of all coordinate components of individual specified point; Each total M
4Individual measurement of coordinates value or calculated value characterize planform, M
4Be K
4And L
4Long-pending; M
4Be one and be not less than 0 integer; The monitored amount of comprehensive above-mentioned hybrid monitoring, total M the monitored amount of total, M is M
1, M
2, M
3And M
4Sum, definition parameter K, K is M
1, K
2, K
3And K
4Sum, K and M must not be less than by the quantity N of evaluation object; Because M monitored amount is dissimilar, be called " based on the health monitor method of hybrid monitoring identification damaged cable bearing generalized displacement " so method is bright; For simplicity, this step is listed " all monitored parameters of structure during hybrid monitoring " abbreviate " monitored amount " as;
C. directly measure the initial value of all monitored amounts that calculate Cable Structure, form monitored amount initial vector C
oObtain monitored amount initial vector C in actual measurement
oThe time, actual measurement obtains the initial rope force data of all ropes of Cable Structure, the initial geometric data and the initial Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data of structure; The bearing generalized coordinate comprises two kinds of line amount and angle amounts;
D. according to the measured data of design drawing, as-constructed drawing and the Cable Structure of Cable Structure, the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope and the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A that initial Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data are set up Cable Structure
o
E. at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, through calculate obtaining the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C;
F. actual measurement obtain Cable Structure all specify the current measured value of monitored amount, form the current numerical value vector C of monitored amount;
G. define evaluation object current state vector d; The element number of evaluation object current state vector d equals the quantity of evaluation object; Between the element of evaluation object current state vector d and the evaluation object is one-to-one relationship, and the element numerical value of evaluation object current state vector d is represented the degree of injury or the generalized displacement of corresponding evaluation object;
H. the current numerical value vector C of the monitored amount of foundation is with monitored amount initial vector C
o, the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C and to be asked by the linear approximate relationship that exists between evaluation object current state vector d; This linear approximate relationship can be expressed as formula 1; Other amount in the formula 1 except that d is known, finds the solution formula 1 and just can calculate by evaluation object current state vector d; Owing to represented corresponding by the degree of injury of evaluation object or generalized displacement by the element numerical value of evaluation object current state vector d; So according to being defined the impaired and degree of injury of which rope by evaluation object current state vector; Can confirm the bearing generalized displacement, promptly realize the health status assessment of cable system in assessment and the Cable Structure of bearing generalized displacement;
C=C
o+ Δ Cd formula 1
2. the health monitor method based on the generalized displacement of hybrid monitoring identification damaged cable bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that in step e, at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe basis on, the concrete grammar that obtains the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C through the several times Mechanics Calculation is:
E1. at the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, equal N on the calculation times numerical value; Calculating hypothesis each time has only one by evaluation object unit damage or unit generalized displacement to be arranged; Concrete; If should be a supporting rope in the cable system by evaluation object; So just this supporting rope of hypothesis has unit damage; If should be the generalized displacement component of a direction of a bearing by evaluation object; Just suppose that this bearing in this generalized displacement direction generation unit generalized displacement, uses D
UiWrite down this unit damage or unit generalized displacement, wherein i represent to take place unit damage or unit generalized displacement by the numbering of evaluation object; Occur in calculating each time unit damage or unit generalized displacement be different from by evaluation object other time occur in calculating unit damage or unit generalized displacement by evaluation object; Calculate the current calculated value that all utilizes mechanics method to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time, the current calculated value of the monitored amount of all that calculate is formed a monitored amount calculation current vector each time;
E2. the monitored amount calculation current vector that calculates is each time calculated unit damage or the unit generalized displacement numerical value of being supposed divided by this time after deducting monitored amount initial vector again; Obtain a monitored quantitative changeization vector, have N evaluation object that N monitored quantitative changeization vector just arranged;
E3. form the monitored amount unit change of the Cable Structure matrix Δ C that the N row are arranged successively by this N monitored quantitative change vector; Each row of the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C are corresponding to a monitored quantitative changeization vector.
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