CN102269402A - Method and system for realizing NOx discharge reduction and stable combustion of power station boiler - Google Patents
Method and system for realizing NOx discharge reduction and stable combustion of power station boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN102269402A CN102269402A CN2011101907544A CN201110190754A CN102269402A CN 102269402 A CN102269402 A CN 102269402A CN 2011101907544 A CN2011101907544 A CN 2011101907544A CN 201110190754 A CN201110190754 A CN 201110190754A CN 102269402 A CN102269402 A CN 102269402A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for realizing NOx discharge reduction and stable combustion of a power station boiler, which belongs to the technical scope of coal powder power station environmental protection. In the system, a coal mill is connected to a fluidized bed gasifier and a boiler respectively, and a top syngas outlet of the fluidized bed gasifier is connected to a boiler combustor. The method particularly comprises the following steps: performing fluidized bed gasification of fire coal which is 5-20% of the boiler load, delivering the syngas generated in the fluidized bed to a boiler reburning combustor for reburning so as to reduce NOx discharge, or delivering the syngas to a boiler main fuel combustor so as to allow the syngas to be used as auxiliary fuel and to combust stably when the boiler combusts inferior coal of has a low load; after treatment, delivering the gasified top ash and bottom slag in the fluidized bed to a primary air channel of a boiler coal powder combustor, mixing with coal powder so as to combust the uncombusted components. During the cooling process, the heat of high-temperature bottom slag is taken away by supplying water into the boiler, and the bottom slag is delivered to a heating surface of the boiler for heating. The invention realizes the effect of NOx discharge reduction and stable combustion of a power station boiler.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the environmental protection combustion technology scope of power station coal dust, particularly a kind of station boiler of realizing reduces the method and system of NOx discharging and steady combustion.Specifically be to be the reburning fuel of station boiler or steady fuel, reach the purpose that reduces NOx or steady combustion with the synthesis gas that fluidized gasification obtains.
Technical background
Utilize coal to bring a large amount of pollutions, " the discharged nitrous oxides control technology project study report of Chinese thermal power plant " of the issue of Chinese environmental protection industry association shows, the nitrogen oxide total amount of power plant emission in 2007 is 8,400,000 tons, nearlyer 40.6% than increasing in 2003, account for the 35%-40% of national nitrogen oxide emission.
In February, 2011, Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection has issued " thermal power plant's atmosphere pollutants emission standards (secondary exposure draft) ", this suggestion original text regulation, and since on January 1st, 2012, all newly-built fired power generating unit NOx discharge capacitys of China will reach 100 milligrams/cubic metre; Since on January 1st, 2014, all thermoelectricitys of key area unit NOx discharge capacity that puts into operation will reach the 100mg/ cubic meter, but not the unit of going into operation in the key area in 2003 in the past reaches the 200mg/ cubic meter.
The technical scheme that reduces discharging NOx at present is divided into two classes, and a class is a denitrating flue gas, owing to need finish catalytic reaction, this scheme initial cost and operating cost costliness; Another kind of is to adopt low NOx combusting technology, wherein again combustion technology equipment simple, easily implement, operating cost is low, extensively paid close attention to, its denitration rate (comprising senior combustion again) can reach 50%～85%, has carried out a large amount of research both at home and abroad.In the combustion technology, reburning fuel can be selected various fuel such as natural gas, synthesis gas, oil, coal dust, water-coal-slurry, living beings again.Much more external to adopt natural gases be reburning fuel, and china natural resources natural endowment characteristics determined is difficult to adopt natural gas, therefore domestic scientist at microfine coal fire again, water-coal-slurry is fired again etc. has carried out extensive studies.But directly adopting coal derived fuel is that reburning fuel also exists certain problem, and adopting conventional pulverized-coal is that the reburning fuel burn-off rate is lower, and unburned carbon in flue dust is higher, influences efficiency of combustion and has secondary pollution.And microfine coal is for the less the ball type pulverizer system station boiler of capacity more convenient (microfine coal in the tertiary air), and heavy duty boiler is for safety and take up an area of and consider to adopt unit pulverized-coal system not have a large amount of stable microfine coals to originate.From combustion technology itself again, gaseous fuel is that reburning fuel is to select preferably.During the similar synthesis gas of producing by living beings fired again, U.S. GE company primary fuel was that the boiler combustion experimental work of natural gas shows and the highlyest can obtain 70% denitration rate.
In addition, along with reducing day by day and the fluctuation of coal market of coal resources, also demand is very big to the utilization of the coals such as brown coal that are not suitable for traditionally burning, and the steady combustion of this kind fuel is very important problem.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of station boiler of realizing and reduce the method and system of NOx discharging and steady combustion, it is characterized in that, at first with the fire coal of station boiler 5～20% by fluidized gasification, the synthesis gas that fluid bed produces is transported to combustion again in the boiler, reduce the NOx discharging, under another situation, the steady combustion fuel when described synthesis gas also can be transported to boiler main fuel burner auxiliary combustion as burning low grade coal or underload.The top ash that produces in the fluidized gasification process, end slag are sent to station boiler main fuel burner by pipeline, and the heat that top ash, end slag are had is by heat exchange is absorbed with boiler circuit.
Feed coal once passes through in the described fluid bed, does not have cyclic process; It is 950～1050 ℃ by the fluidized gasification range of reaction temperature once.
The top ash that gasifies in the described fluid bed is transported in wind passage of boiler main fuel burner and the coal dust blending, with unburnt one-tenth divided combustion; The end slag of fluidized gasification also is transported in wind passage of boiler main fuel burner and fuel blending after cooling, fragmentation, with unburnt one-tenth divided combustion.
The cooling of slag of the described end is that the boiler feedwater by Steam-Water System in Power Plant realizes, in cooling procedure by boiler feedwater with high temperature at the bottom of the heat of slag take away, deliver to the heating surface heating of boiler then.
A kind of station boiler of realizing reduces the system of NOx discharging and steady combustion, coal pulverizer 5 is connected to the boiler main fuel burner 2-1 of fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1 and boiler 2 respectively by wind path 10, fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1 top syngas outlet connects the recombustion burner 2-2 and the boiler main fuel burner 2-1 of boiler 2, fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1 bottom connects cooler 3, cooler 3 be connected to the wind path 10 one time after disintegrating machine 4 is connected; Boiler 2 and boiler heat-absorbent surface 9 and steam turbine 7, condenser 8, feed pump 6, cooler 3 are connected into heat absorption, cooling circuit.
Described fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1 top syngas outlet is also connected to main fuel burner 2-1.
Described boiler heat-absorbent surface 9 is meant economizer, water-cooling wall, superheater and reheater.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows the combustion again of the synthesis gas that produces by gasification in fluid bed, can obtain 70% denitration rate, reduce the NOx discharging; Other benefit be when boiler combustion colm or underload this synthesis gas as the steady combustion fuel of boiler.The technology of the present invention equipment is simple, easily implement, operating cost is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the embodiment system schematic.
Among the figure: the 1st, fluidized-bed gasification furnace, the 2nd, station boiler, 2-1 are boiler main fuel burners, 2-2 is the boiler recombustion burner, the 3rd, cooler, the 4th, disintegrating machine, the 5th, coal pulverizer, the 6th, feed pump, the 7th, steam turbine, the 8th, condenser, 9 is the boiler heat-absorbent surface.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the system schematic of the embodiment of the invention, raw coal sieves after coal pulverizer 5 grinds among the embodiment, the rough coal pruinescence of a part (5～20%) is transported to fluidized-bed gasification furnace and gasifying agent (air or oxygen) reacts, reacted product has three parts, a part is the gaseous product synthesis gas, a part is thinner top ash, and a part is a slag at the bottom of the solid.Syngas outlet connects the recombustion burner 2-2 of boiler 2, as the fuel of recombustion burner, by the combustion again of synthesis gas, realizes reducing boiler NOx concentration of emission; When adopting colm or load low, synthesis gas connects boiler master burner 2-1 by connecting pipe, as its combustion-supporting fuel.Main burner employing center is to be the structure of a wind passage around the gas nozzle, and central nozzle does not have fuel during steady load, and when adopting colm or load low, it is combustion-supporting that the synthesis gas control valve of opening the main burner 2-1 of control feeds synthesis gas.The top ash that gasification furnace produces is connected to the wind passage one time.The end slag that gasification furnace produces is earlier through subcooler 3 coolings, also is connected to wind passage fuel as boiler then after disintegrating machine 4 fragmentations.The cooling working medium of cooler 3 is feedwater of Steam-Water System in Power Plant, after the exhaust steam of doing merit in steam turbine 7 is discharged to condenser 8 coolings, connection by feed pump 6 flows to cooler 3 with feedwater, enter boiler heat-absorbent surface 9 after cooler 3 heat absorptions, the boiler heat-absorbent surface here comprises economizer, water-cooling wall, superheater and reheater.Certainly at feedwater flow before and after the feed pump, feedwater is also heated by bleeder heater.
The present invention can summarize with other the concrete form without prejudice to spirit of the present invention and principal character.Therefore, above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention all can only be thought can not limit the present invention to explanation of the present invention, and claims have been pointed out scope of the present invention, and scope of the present invention is not all pointed out in above-mentioned explanation.Therefore, in implication suitable and any change in the scope, all should think to be included in the scope of claims with claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. realize that station boiler reduces the method for NOx discharging and steady combustion for one kind, it is characterized in that, with the fire coal of station boiler 5～20% by fluidized gasification, the synthesis gas that fluid bed produces is transported to combustion again in the boiler recombustion burner, reduce the NOx discharging, or under another situation, steady combustion fuel when described synthesis gas is transported to boiler main fuel burner auxiliary combustion as burning low grade coal or underload, the top ash that produces in the fluidized gasification process, end slag is sent to station boiler main fuel burner by pipeline, the top ash, the heat that end slag is had is by heat exchange is absorbed with boiler circuit.
2. reduce the method that NOx discharges and surely fires according to the described station boiler of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the feed coal that generates synthesis gas in fluidized gasification once passes through fluid bed, does not have cyclic process.
3. reduce the method for NOx discharging and steady combustion according to the described station boiler of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the top ash that gasifies in the fluid bed is transported in wind passage of boiler coal-ash combustor and the coal dust blending, with unburnt one-tenth divided combustion; The end slag of fluidized gasification also is transported in wind passage of boiler coal-ash combustor and fuel blending after cooling, fragmentation, with unburnt one-tenth divided combustion.
4. reduce NOx discharging and steady method of firing according to claim 1 or 3 described station boilers, it is characterized in that, the cooling of end slag is that the boiler feedwater by Steam-Water System in Power Plant realizes, in cooling procedure by boiler feedwater with high temperature at the bottom of the heat of slag take away, deliver to the heating surface heating of boiler then.
5. realize that station boiler reduces the system of NOx discharging and steady combustion for one kind, it is characterized in that, coal pulverizer (5) is connected to the boiler main fuel burner (2-1) of fluidized-bed gasification furnace (1) and boiler (2) respectively by a wind passage (10), fluidized-bed gasification furnace (1) top syngas outlet connects the recombustion burner (2-2) and the boiler main fuel burner (2-1) of boiler (2), fluidized-bed gasification furnace (1) bottom connects cooler (3), cooler (3) be connected to a wind passage (10) after disintegrating machine (4) is connected; Boiler (2) and boiler heat-absorbent surface (9) and steam turbine (7), condenser (8, feed pump (6), cooler (3) be connected into heat absorption, cooling circuit.
6. reduce the system of NOx discharging and steady combustion according to the described realization station boiler of claim 5, it is characterized in that described fluidized-bed gasification furnace (1) top syngas outlet is also connected to boiler main fuel burner.
7. reduce the system of NOx discharging and steady combustion according to the described realization station boiler of claim 5, it is characterized in that described boiler heat-absorbent surface (9) is meant economizer, water-cooling wall, superheater and reheater.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN102818247A (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2012-12-12 | 青岛青义锅炉有限公司 | Efficient steam boiler for gasification and combined combustion of pulverized coal |
| CN104099132A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2014-10-15 | 吕玉富 | Boiler-front combustible gas generator for fluidized bed steam boiler |
| CN104099133A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2014-10-15 | 吕玉富 | Boiler-front combustible gas generator for fluidized bed hot water boiler |
| CN105879579A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-08-24 | 华北电力大学 | Method and system for realizing reduction of heavy metal and NOx pollutant emission of power station boiler |
| CN107120639A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-09-01 | 南京电力设备质量性能检验中心 | A kind of coal-fired boiler combustion operation method and burning runtime |
| CN108397768A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-08-14 | 重庆富燃科技股份有限公司 | A kind of device and method that coal gas is applied to coal-fired electric generation furnace |
| CN108518666A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-11 | 北京阳华科技有限公司 | It is a kind of surely to fire system and method by the pulverized-coal fired boiler of fuel of coal |
| CN112965386A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-06-15 | 上海交通大学 | Coal water slurry gasification and coal-fired boiler ultra-low NOx emission integrated cooperative control method |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102818247A (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2012-12-12 | 青岛青义锅炉有限公司 | Efficient steam boiler for gasification and combined combustion of pulverized coal |
| CN102818247B (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2015-05-06 | 青岛青义锅炉有限公司 | Efficient steam boiler for gasification and combined combustion of pulverized coal |
| CN104099132A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2014-10-15 | 吕玉富 | Boiler-front combustible gas generator for fluidized bed steam boiler |
| CN104099133A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2014-10-15 | 吕玉富 | Boiler-front combustible gas generator for fluidized bed hot water boiler |
| CN105879579A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-08-24 | 华北电力大学 | Method and system for realizing reduction of heavy metal and NOx pollutant emission of power station boiler |
| CN105879579B (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2019-10-11 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | A kind of method and system realized station boiler and reduce heavy metal and NOx pollutant emission |
| CN107120639A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-09-01 | 南京电力设备质量性能检验中心 | A kind of coal-fired boiler combustion operation method and burning runtime |
| CN108518666A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-11 | 北京阳华科技有限公司 | It is a kind of surely to fire system and method by the pulverized-coal fired boiler of fuel of coal |
| CN108518666B (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2024-04-12 | 北京阳华科技有限公司 | Pulverized coal boiler stable combustion system and method using coal as fuel |
| CN108397768A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-08-14 | 重庆富燃科技股份有限公司 | A kind of device and method that coal gas is applied to coal-fired electric generation furnace |
| CN112965386A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-06-15 | 上海交通大学 | Coal water slurry gasification and coal-fired boiler ultra-low NOx emission integrated cooperative control method |
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