CN102224831B - Control method of tetranychus cinnabarinus based on tomato extracts - Google Patents
Control method of tetranychus cinnabarinus based on tomato extracts Download PDFInfo
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- CN102224831B CN102224831B CN 201110108109 CN201110108109A CN102224831B CN 102224831 B CN102224831 B CN 102224831B CN 201110108109 CN201110108109 CN 201110108109 CN 201110108109 A CN201110108109 A CN 201110108109A CN 102224831 B CN102224831 B CN 102224831B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control method of tetranychus cinnabarinus based on tomato extracts, which is characterized by: drying tomato roots, stems, leaves and fruits, then grinding into powder, using ethanol as solvent extraction, using pressure reducing concentration to respectively obtain extracts, dispersing the extracts into distilled water, modulating to prepare an acaricide, adding water in the acaricide with stirring, further diluting and cooling to normal temperature to form a water aqua, and spaying the water aqua to plant to realize the control of tetranychus cinnabarinus. The preparation prepared by the invention has good control effect of tetranychus cinnabarinus, can be directly used for controlling the insect damages, with the characteristics of nuisance free, pollution free and residual toxicity free, avoiding the harm of chemical pesticides.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of method of technical field of pesticide, specifically a kind of method of the control Tetranychus cinnabarinus based on tomato extract.
Background technology
Phytophagous mites has that volume is little, breeding is fast, population density is high, causes harm and heavily wait characteristics, is the pest communities that is difficult to prevent and treat of generally acknowledging.Over nearly 30 years owing to reuse non-specific Chemical acaricide in a large number, in addition the mite class generation cycle short, year generation is many, the loss that crop is caused of developing immunity to drugs rapidly of many mite classes is growing on and on.Therefore, seek the key that the novel miticide of selectivity becomes the control phytophagous mites.And that botanical pesticide has the insect action spectrum is wide, and the mechanism of action is unique, natural enemy is disturbed few, without degraded in obviously vertebrate toxicity and the environment rapidly, aboundresources, the advantage such as renewable, be the ideal chose of control evil mite.And the acaricidal activity material extensively is present in the natural various plants, and the comprehensive advantage that can utilize plant secondary substance to show fully remedies numerous defectives that at present existing miticide exists.Therefore go out to send the searching structural material from plant source natural product, become one of focus of novel miticide research and development.
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) belongs to plant of Solanaceae, and wide geographic area is planted in China, aboundresources; Found that at present tomato extract has inhibitory action to more than 30 kinds of fungies, and less to the report of its insecticidal action.Contain multiple volatile ingredient in the tomato, mostly be ester type compound and nitrogen-containing compound, also have in addition multiple alcohol, alkene, ketone and ketene material.
Find through the prior art literature search; Yang Congjun etc. have reported tomato stem-leaf extract in " plant protection " (1 phase of the 31st volume) is entitled as the article of " tomato stem-leaf extract is to the biologically active Primary Study of 8 Plants pathogens "; to the fruit white rot of grape bacterium; cotton-wilt fusarium, Fusarium oxysporum and tomato early blight bacterium have fabulous inhibitory action.Also find in the retrieval, China Patent Publication No. CN101796968A, patent name " prepare the method for preventing and treating the plant aphids preparation " with tomato stem-leaf extract, and this patent is mentioned, and with the water extract of tomato stem-leaf aphid is had good control efficiency.Do not find in the retrieval that further tomato extract is used to prevent and treat the research report of Tetranychus cinnabarinus.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the prior art above shortcomings, a kind of method of the control Tetranychus cinnabarinus based on tomato extract is provided, the preparation for preparing has higher control efficiency to Tetranychus cinnabarinus, can be directly used in the insect pest of this kind of control, and have nuisanceless, pollution-free and without the characteristics of residual hazard, avoid the harm of chemical pesticide.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention is by respectively with the root of tomato, stem, clay into power after leaf and the fruit oven dry, adopt the method for reduced pressure concentration to obtain respectively medicinal extract with ethanol as extraction solvent again, at last medicinal extract is scattered in the distilled water and by tomato root extract 10～40%, tomato stem extraction 10～40%, tomato leaf extract 5～35%, the ratio of tamato fruit extract 5～35% and distilled water 20～60% is made miticide, after under 30-50 ℃ the stirring environment water being added miticide and further being diluted to the concentration of 1-3wt%, be cooled at last normal temperature and form aqua and spray and be applied to plant, realize the control Tetranychus cinnabarinus.
Described oven dry refers to: 30-50 ℃ of lower oven dry;
Described powder refers to: 20-40 purpose granulated powders;
Described ethanol refers to: the ethanolic solution of 25%-70%v/v or absolute ethyl alcohol, its consumption are 10-20 times of powder quality;
Described reduced pressure concentration refers to: the crude extract that obtains after the lixiviate is vacuumized decompression to-0.1 atmospheric pressure and places 40-80 ℃ of lower water-bath, make crude extract simmer down to medicinal extract.
Described dispersion refers to: adopt the mode of ultrasonic dispersion that medicinal extract is scattered in the distilled water.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
(1) synergy can strengthen miticidal effect on the one hand between the primary raw material of composition product of the present invention, on the other hand because the acting in conjunction of the active ingredient of the different mechanisms of action can delay the pesticide resistance generation of medicament.
(2) raw material is easy to get, processes solvent simple, low for equipment requirements, after reclaiming and also can reuse.
(3) this miticide derives from the natural traditional Chinese medicine plant extracts, and utilizes its water-soluble characteristics, and it is made into aqua, so its environmentally safe to people, animal safety, is the biological miticide of a kind of pollution-free plant source.
Embodiment
The below elaborates to embodiments of the invention, and present embodiment is implemented under take technical solution of the present invention as prerequisite, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Control Tetranychus cinnabarinus aqua percentage by weight: tomato extract 1%, distilled water 99%.
Take by weighing respectively each 20g of tomato root, stem, leaf and fruit powder (20-40 order particle), ethanolic solution 800ml with 70% flooded 1-3 days in room temperature, filter, get respectively its filtrate decompression concentration and recovery solvent and obtain extracting medicinal extract, add a certain amount of distilled water, place supersonic generator 10-15min that dry matter is suspended, be mixed with concentration and be 1% aqua.
This tomato plants miticide soaks the stem infusion process to the determination of activity of Tetranychus cinnabarinus according to the living tetranychid of surveying among the SOP in country southern agricultural chemicals initiative center to carry out.By the plant resource miticide that embodiment 1 processing obtains, set simultaneously the not blank of adding medicine.
Become mite to be inoculated on the ready blade tetranychid of indoor feeding, make for the one-tenth mite number on the examination blade and remain on the 30-60 head.Take out after off-the-shelf broad bean seedling with mite soaked liquid 5s, will soak good broad bean seedling at last again and insert and be equipped with in the penicillin bottle of clear water, every processing repeats for 3 times.Examination worm after processing placed under the normal condition cultivate, regularly observe examination worm response situation, 24 hours each life or death borer populations of processing of " Invest, Then Investigate ", its preventive effect is 81.53%.
Embodiment 2
Control Tetranychus cinnabarinus aqua percentage by weight: tomato extract 2%, distilled water 98%.
Take by weighing respectively each 50g of tomato root, stem, leaf and fruit powder (20-40 order particle), ethanolic solution 2000ml with 70% at room temperature flooded 1-3 days, filter, get its filtrate decompression concentration and recovery solvent and obtain extracting medicinal extract, add a certain amount of distilled water, place supersonic generator 15min that dry matter is suspended, be mixed with concentration and be 2% aqua.Adopt tetranychid to soak the stem leaf dipping method to Tetranychus cinnabarinus and give birth to survey, add up lethality after 24 hours, its preventive effect is 84.34%.
Embodiment 3
Control Tetranychus cinnabarinus aqua percentage by weight: tomato extract 3%, distilled water 97%.
Take by weighing respectively each 50g of tomato root, stem, leaf and fruit powder (20-40 order particle), ethanolic solution 2000ml with 70% at room temperature flooded 1-3 days, filter, get its filtrate decompression concentration and recovery solvent and obtain extracting medicinal extract, add a certain amount of distilled water, place supersonic generator 15min that dry matter is suspended, be mixed with concentration and be 3% aqua.Adopt tetranychid to soak the stem leaf dipping method to Tetranychus cinnabarinus and give birth to survey, add up lethality after 24 hours, its preventive effect is 90.54%.
Embodiment 4
Control Tetranychus cinnabarinus aqua percentage by weight: tomato extract 2%, distilled water 98%.
Take by weighing respectively each 50g of tomato root, stem, leaf and fruit powder (20-40 order particle), ethanolic solution 2000ml with 70% at room temperature flooded 1-3 days, filter, get its filtrate decompression concentration and recovery solvent and obtain extracting medicinal extract, add a certain amount of distilled water, place supersonic generator 15min that dry matter is suspended, be mixed with concentration and be 2% aqua.Adopt the indoor pot method to give birth to survey to Tetranychus cinnabarinus, add up lethality after 24 hours, its preventive effect is 87.89%.
Embodiment 5
Control Tetranychus cinnabarinus aqua percentage by weight: tomato extract 3%, distilled water 97%.
Take by weighing respectively each 50g of tomato root, stem, leaf and fruit powder (20-40 order particle), ethanolic solution 2000ml with 70% at room temperature flooded 1-3 days, filter, get its filtrate decompression concentration and recovery solvent and obtain extracting medicinal extract, add a certain amount of distilled water, place supersonic generator 15min that dry matter is suspended, be mixed with concentration and be 3% aqua.Adopt the experiment of residential quarter, field Tetranychus cinnabarinus is carried out field control effectiveness test, add up lethality after 24 hours, preventive effect reaches 82.56%.
Claims (5)
1. method based on the control Tetranychus cinnabarinus of tomato extract, it is characterized in that, by respectively with the root of tomato, stem, leaf and fruit are clayed into power after 30-50 ℃ of lower oven dry, adopt the method for reduced pressure concentration to obtain respectively medicinal extract with ethanol as extraction solvent again, at last medicinal extract is scattered in the distilled water and by tomato root extract 10 ~ 40%, tomato stem extraction 10 ~ 40%, tomato leaf extract 5 ~ 35%, the ratio of tamato fruit extract 5 ~ 35% and distilled water 20 ~ 60% is made miticide, after under 30-50 ℃ the stirring environment water being added miticide and further being diluted to the concentration of 1-3wt%, be cooled at last normal temperature and form aqua and spray and be applied to plant, realize the control Tetranychus cinnabarinus.
2. the method for the control Tetranychus cinnabarinus based on tomato extract according to claim 1 is characterized in that described powder refers to: 20-40 purpose granulated powders.
3. the method for the control Tetranychus cinnabarinus based on tomato extract according to claim 1 is characterized in that described ethanol refers to: the ethanolic solution of 25%-70% v/v or absolute ethyl alcohol, its consumption be powder quality 10-20 doubly.
4. the method for the control Tetranychus cinnabarinus based on tomato extract according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described reduced pressure concentration refers to: the crude extract that obtains after the lixiviate is vacuumized decompression to-0.1 atmospheric pressure and places 40-80 ℃ of lower water-bath, make crude extract simmer down to medicinal extract.
5. the method for the control Tetranychus cinnabarinus based on tomato extract according to claim 1 is characterized in that described dispersion refers to: adopt the mode of ultrasonic dispersion that medicinal extract is scattered in the distilled water.
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| CN 201110108109 CN102224831B (en) | 2011-04-28 | 2011-04-28 | Control method of tetranychus cinnabarinus based on tomato extracts |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102428969B (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2014-01-15 | 上海交通大学 | Plant miticide and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN103751061B (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2016-01-20 | 广州千百度化妆品有限公司 | Tomato leaf extract and the application in cosmetics |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1775037A (en) * | 2005-12-01 | 2006-05-24 | 上海交通大学 | Method for preparing water aqua for coutrolling cucumber downy mildew using tomato stem-leaf extract |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1775037A (en) * | 2005-12-01 | 2006-05-24 | 上海交通大学 | Method for preparing water aqua for coutrolling cucumber downy mildew using tomato stem-leaf extract |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
|---|
| 五种无公害"农药"的自制方法;景炜明等;《西北园艺(蔬菜专刊)》;20040930(第9期);41 * |
| 景炜明等.五种无公害"农药"的自制方法.《西北园艺(蔬菜专刊)》.2004,(第9期),41. |
| 杨会芝等.植物源杀螨剂研究与应用前景.《植物源杀螨剂研究与应用前景》.2007,(第2期),81-85. |
| 植物源杀螨剂的研究进展;赵莉蔺等;《植物医生》;20040630(第3期);4-6 * |
| 植物源杀螨剂研究与应用前景;杨会芝等;《植物源杀螨剂研究与应用前景》;20070228(第2期);81-85 * |
| 赵莉蔺等.植物源杀螨剂的研究进展.《植物医生》.2004,(第3期),4-6. |
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