CN102195668B - The rake pin configuring management method of rake type receiver in mobile communication system performance boost - Google Patents
The rake pin configuring management method of rake type receiver in mobile communication system performance boost Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates in a kind of mobile communication system the rake pin configuring management method realizing the performance boost of rake receiver, comprising: rake receiver receives wireless communication signals and the nonfunctional rake pin obtaining having been distributed without interference waveform between symbol, the detecting process of carrying out nonfunctional rake pin, remove and reclaim this nonfunctional rake pin of having distributed.Adopt the rake pin configuring management method of this kind of rake type receiver in mobile communication system performance boost, and systematic function obtains obvious improvement, particularly in the harsh communication environment of high s/n ratio or multi-path attenuating mechanism, more show advantage; Meanwhile, also thus can save the number of valuable rake pin, the rake pin saved can be received device and reuse, and obtains further system effectiveness and improves; And owing to decreasing unnecessary nonfunctional rake pin, can avoid unnecessary software and hardware process power consumption, thus make use of system resource to greatest extent, stable and reliable working performance, the scope of application are comparatively extensive.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to moving communicating field, particularly the rake receiver technical field of mobile communication system, specifically refers to a kind of rake pin configuring management method of rake type receiver in mobile communication system performance boost.
Background technology
Direct sequence spread spectrum (DS) is a kind of skill of spread spectrum.Via direct sequence spread spectrum, transmission signal can be extended and come in a wide frequency range.This can allow signal can also be detected in the environment of severe jamming.By using the technology of direct sequence spread spectrum, multiple point-to-point communication can use and can not by institute's interference effect each other simultaneously.The concept that this DS spread spectrum signal shares same frequency spectrum is simultaneously code division multiple access.Some modern cellular standard all with code division multiple access by criterion is developed out, similarly be 3GPP-FDD standard series (usually also referred to as Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA)), 3GPP-TDD standard series (usually dividing multiple access also referred to as time division-synchronous) and 3GPP2 standard series (usually also referred to as code division multiple access).
In wireless communication system, the signal sent out from transmission end usually all can meet with the effects such as scattering, reflection, noise and decay and be dispersed into multi-path and arrive at receiving terminal, multi-path mean radiofrequency signal by transmission end via more than one path to reception antenna propagation phenomenon as shown in figure, the multi-path origin cause of formation is normally reflected by atmospheric refraction or ground object (building, massif) reflection.These effects can cause receiver to receive the signal of delay transit and decay in the different time.
Multi-path to cause between symbol and mutually disturbs (inter-symbol interference) to cause received signal quality significantly to reduce, and when multipath phenomenon occurs, it is a kind of important channel non-ideal characteristic that must deal with of receiver normally.As above describe, due to the path that postponed by difference of signal of transmitting, the signal received is that a transmission signal is on a timeline by the version smeared.Because the source of interference is signal itself, and deal with thermal noise unlike strengthening signal power and efficient solution cannot determining between symbol that multi-path causes and mutually disturb, even if when therefore not having noise to occur, the signal of transmission is also difficult to return from the signal solution received.Another problem of multipath phenomenon is that passage can give the gain of a frequency dependent to the signal that different time arrives.In other words, transmission signal some radio-frequency component can disturb by the signal of other frequency.Although sometimes receiver from transmission end very close to, signal attenuation phenomenon still seriously may arrive that the signal of certain frequency is whole vanishes from sight.
If mobile phone is in the car travelling on urban district in the environment of movement, the decay of the Received signal strength come by different path and phase place change are chance phenomena.The canonical statistics model of this kind of chance phenomenon is Rayleigh distribution or Rayleigh decay (Rayleighfading), if Rayleigh distribution adds a very strong straight propagation paths, is called the pungent distribution of Lay or the pungent decay of Lay (Ricianfading).Signal propagation time also can become with mobile phone travelling speed, and mobile faster then decay and phase place change faster.
Multipath phenomenon is generally disadvantageous concerning receiver performance, but, effectively can utilize multipath event lift performance gain by good receiver architecture and algorithm design.Known different path and the identical information of signaling bearer come, if the signal that a certain path is come as straight line is blocked by object completely, the signal that receiver still has an opportunity can to come from other path obtains the information of transmission, and this is diversity gain (diversity gain).
In spread spectrum communication system, rake receiver is widely used to deal with between symbol that multipath delay causes and mutually disturbs, as the term suggests rake receiver is made up of some rake pins, every root rake pin is energy in order to extract each specific radio channel path and exists.Utilize the characteristic of pseudo-random scrambling code (PN sequence), the time of delay that receiver can find out signal relative configures for rake pin.The output of these rake pins is combined together and form soft metric values (soft value) and use for ensuing decoder.In fact, divide in multiple access standards at code division multiple access, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) and time division-synchronous, the receiver being benchmark with rake receiver is the receiver architecture of systemic presupposition.
Rake receiver can distribute the composition that multiple rake pin removes tracking and demodulation multi-path signal.In general, the rake pin of rake receiver is assigned to the multipath group having stronger signal composition.This meaning that is to say, first rake pin is assigned to the path having peak signal; Second rake pin is assigned to the path having the last the second signal, and the rest may be inferred.The combined formation soft metric values of output of these rake pins uses with the decoder be supplied to below.The method of the soft merging of multiple rake pin has selection diversity (selection diversity), equal gain combining (equal gain combining), and maximum ratio merges (maximumratio combining).
The configuration of finger resources for rake receiver performance be a very important problem, and the rake pin of having distributed needs effective method to follow the trail of the change of path delay time.How a lot of file all configures rake pin on suitable position at discussion receiver now, specifically refers to following american documentation literature:
●US7190750，Rake receiver for tracking closely spaced multipath
●US5978423，Method and arrangement of signal tracking and a Rake-receiver utilizingthe arrangement
● US6078611, Rake receiver and rake pin management method for spread spectrumcommunication
● US20070098051, Rake receiver rake pin assignment based on signal path concentration
The main thought of these patent documentations goes to see from the use amount viewpoint of saving rake pin.The most serious problem of rake pin management aspect is that the rake pin of multiple distribution overlaps because of the change of multi-path and movement, and this has negative impact to system effectiveness.Reason is as described below: be the resource of waste system for a certain path allocation more than a rake pin and reduce received signal quality; The path energy that different rake pin is combined into is usually used in controlling different system variables, similarly is estimated snr and power control etc., and extra rake pin is made to spend other multipath composition of reception will obtain reasonable system effectiveness.In addition, the increase of the rate that will lead to errors in conjunction with the output of the rake pin that coincides and the output of the non-rake pin that coincides, this is because under exporting compared to the non-rake pin that coincides, more and improperly weight will distribute to the output (specifically referring to american documentation literature: US7190750, Rake receiver for tracking closely spaced multipath) that the rake pin road that coincides obtains.System has good control rake pin motion mechanism can obtain better performance in above-mentioned situation.
Due to the effect of noise and multipath, the allocation problem of rake pin also has following situation: system assignment rake pin does not receive signal and only noisy position (also or certain path signal suddenly disappear) to one.The rake pin configuration of this mistake will cause the loss of system effectiveness.Above-mentioned topic talked about by fewer document, this is because most document all supposes that rake receiver only has rake pin few in number available.But along with the growth of industrial technology, the design of actual available receiver may can allow increasing rake pin to be used in wherein, therefore the spendable number of rake pin along with the time by gradually be no longer problem, particularly Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) standard supports six community soft handovers, and receiver at least needs the rake pin of Capacity Management more than six.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming of the prior art, a kind of rake pin configuring management method that obviously can improve systematic function, raising resource utilization ratio, saving software and hardware process power consumption, stable and reliable working performance, scope of application rake type receiver in mobile communication system performance boost comparatively is widely provided.
In order to realize above-mentioned object, the rake pin configuring management method of rake type receiver in mobile communication system performance boost of the present invention is as follows:
Realize the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost in this mobile communication system, its main feature is, described method comprises the following steps:
(1) rake receiver receives wireless communication signals, and obtains corresponding without interference waveform between symbol based on this wireless communication signals;
(2) the detecting process of nonfunctional rake pin is carried out according to described rake pin of having distributed without interference waveform between symbol and each, and the nonfunctional rake pin of having been distributed;
(3) the rake receiver described in removes and reclaims this nonfunctional rake pin of having distributed.
Realize the detecting process carrying out nonfunctional rake pin in the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost in this mobile communication system, comprise the following steps:
(11) rake receiver detects in each rake pin of having distributed whether there is first kind nonfunctional rake pin, this first kind nonfunctional rake pin is the rake pin of distributing due to the channel energy detecting of this rake receiver mistake, and this rake pin receives and follows the trail of the simple glitch path formed because of noise;
(12) if existed, then this first kind nonfunctional rake pin is recorded as the nonfunctional rake pin of having distributed;
(13) rake receiver detects in each rake pin of having distributed whether there is Second Type nonfunctional rake pin, and this Second Type nonfunctional rake pin is the rake pin of the other secondary lobe signal of the strong signal path of tracking that distributes due to this rake receiver;
(14) if existed, then this Second Type nonfunctional rake pin is recorded as the nonfunctional rake pin of having distributed;
(15) rake receiver detects in each rake pin of having distributed whether there is the 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin, the 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin be due to when multipath drift makes two path energy by chance be completely integrated into a path each other because other multipath timing tracking schemes and by distributed two rake pins mutually hindering;
(16) if existed, then the 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin is recorded as the nonfunctional rake pin of having distributed.
The rake receiver realized in this mobile communication system in the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost detects in each rake pin of having distributed whether there is first kind nonfunctional rake pin, comprises the following steps:
(21) rake receiver judges whether signal energy that the rake pin that each has distributed detects is less than the first energy threshold Th1 of systemic presupposition successively;
(22) if then this rake pin is first kind nonfunctional rake pin.
The the first energy threshold Th1 realizing the systemic presupposition in the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost in this mobile communication system is obtained by following formula:
Th1＝K－A－2B；
Wherein, K is the energy of whole Received signal strength of this rake receiver, and A is pilot channel energies difference, and B is pilot energy standard deviation.
Realize in this mobile communication system in the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost can for raised cosine waveform without interference waveform between symbol, the corresponding rolling factor is less than 0.3, described pilot channel energies difference is 30dB, and described pilot energy standard deviation is 1dB.
The rolling factor realized in this mobile communication system in the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost is 0.22.
The rake receiver realized in this mobile communication system in the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost detects in each rake pin of having distributed whether there is Second Type nonfunctional rake pin, comprises the following steps:
(31) rake receiver judges whether meet following relation between the position of each rake pin of having distributed and the position of contiguous rake pin successively:
| finger positions-vicinity finger positions | a < G-0.125 code element;
Wherein, the he number that the position that G is secondary lobe signal differs with corresponding main lobe signal location;
(32) if do not met, then choose next rake pin of having distributed, and repeat above-mentioned steps (31);
(33) if met, then judge the signal energy whether signal energy that this rake pin detects is less than this vicinity rake pin and detects, and both differences are not less than the first energy threshold difference Th2_1 of systemic presupposition;
(34) if not, choose next rake pin of having distributed, and repeat above-mentioned steps (31);
(35) if, then judge signal energy that this rake pin detects whether be greater than the position of this rake pin before the signal energy at 0.5 element position place, and both differences are not less than the second energy threshold difference Th2_2 of systemic presupposition, or the signal energy that this rake pin detects whether be greater than the position of this rake pin after the signal energy at 0.5 element position place, and both differences are not less than the second energy threshold difference Th2_2 of systemic presupposition;
(36) if not, then choose next rake pin of having distributed, and repeat above-mentioned steps (31);
(37) if then this rake pin is Second Type nonfunctional rake pin.
Realize in this mobile communication system in the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost can for raised cosine waveform without interference waveform between symbol, the corresponding rolling factor is less than 0.3, the first described energy threshold difference Th2_1 is 13dB, and the second described energy threshold difference Th2_2 is 6dB.
The rolling factor realized in this mobile communication system in the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost is 0.22.
The rake receiver realized in this mobile communication system in the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost detects in each rake pin of having distributed whether there is the 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin, comprises the following steps:
(41) rake receiver optional two rake pins from the rake pin that each has distributed, to judge between these two rake pins whether at a distance of at least one code element, and between these two rake pins, whether there is the stronger energy peak of the signal energy that detects than these two rake pins;
(42) if not, then from the rake pin that each has distributed, again choose two rake pins, and repeat above-mentioned steps (41);
(43) if, then these two rake pins are doubtful 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin, before judging the rake pin that position is forward, whether the signal energy at 0.5 element position place is less than the signal energy that the forward rake pin in this position detects, and both differences are not less than the 3rd energy threshold Th3 of systemic presupposition, simultaneously after the rake pin rearward of position, whether the signal energy at 0.5 element position place is less than the signal energy that this position rake pin rearward detects, and both differences are not less than the 3rd energy threshold Th3 of systemic presupposition;
(44) if not, then from the rake pin that each has distributed, again choose two rake pins, and repeat above-mentioned steps (41);
(45) if then compare the signal energy that this two rake pins detect;
(46) using rake pin more weak for wherein signal energy as the 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin.
Realize in this mobile communication system in the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost can for raised cosine waveform without interference waveform between symbol, the corresponding rolling factor is less than 0.3, and the 3rd described energy threshold difference Th3 is value relatively little in the signal energy detected in described doubtful 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin.
The rolling factor realized in this mobile communication system in the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost is 0.22.
Realize in this mobile communication system in the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost without interference waveform between symbol also can for root cosine (RRC) waveform or optimize raised cosine (Better Than Raised Cosine) waveform.
The mobile communication system realized in this mobile communication system in the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost can be CDMA mobile communication system, WCDMA mobile communication system, CDMA2000 mobile communication system or TD-SCDMA mobile communication system.
Have employed the rake pin configuring management method of the rake type receiver in mobile communication system performance boost of this invention, carry out the differentiation of nonfunctional rake pin due to the decision rule wherein utilizing some useful and remove, reclaim, thus systematic function obtains obvious improvement, particularly in the harsh communication environment of high s/n ratio or multi-path attenuating mechanism, more show advantage; Meanwhile, also thus can save the number of valuable rake pin, the rake pin saved can be received device and reuse, and obtains further system effectiveness and improves; And owing to decreasing unnecessary nonfunctional rake pin, can avoid unnecessary software and hardware process power consumption, thus make use of system resource to greatest extent, stable and reliable working performance, the scope of application are comparatively extensive.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the communication system block schematic diagram of multipath interference in prior art.
Fig. 2 is typical Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) receiver schematic diagram.
The rake receiver architecture schematic diagram of Fig. 3 for applying in the present invention.
Fig. 4 a ~ 4e is respectively and utilizes the rake pin configuring management method of rake type receiver in mobile communication system performance boost of the present invention to carry out various nonfunctional rake pin differentiation example schematic.
Fig. 5 be the use raised cosine waveform in the present invention remove to show ISI-free waveform nil symbol between the schematic diagram of jamming pattern.
Embodiment
In order to more clearly understand technology contents of the present invention, describe in detail especially exemplified by following examples.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1, is wherein the communication system block diagram of multipath interference.In this communication environment, the signal of transmission before reaching a destination can stop by different barriers.Thus can produce different transmission paths in transmission end and destination end, these transmission paths have different signal attenuation, delay and phase shift.
Refer to shown in Fig. 2, it is the Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) receiver that a typical case is used to that demodulation receives signal again.This Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) receiver has following constituent: rake receiver (rake receiver), solution device (de-spreader), deinterlacer (de-interleaver) and decoder (decoder) frequently.Rake receiver is used to process multipath effect.Separating device is frequently utilize orthogonal code characteristic district to go out user's information, and separates different users, and this is device specific to code division multiple access system.Deinterlacer and decoder are all very often used in the business communications system of major part.
Refer to shown in Fig. 3, it is the structure chart of a rake receiver again.It is by a path searcher (pathsearcher), a controller, and some rake pins and a colligator (combiner) formed.Path searcher is used to detect the pilot signal received and the PN code using local side reference sequential to produce goes to separate pilot signal frequently, and then path searcher can go out the skeleton pattern of a multi-path channel according to the information construction after solution frequently pilot signal and send this channel information to controller.Controller utilizes the model of this multi-path channel to go to distribute one or more rake pin with the energy in order to collect out transmission signal in channel path.Such as, controller distributes first rake and distributes to and have the path that most strong cohesiveness receives signal strength signal intensity, and second rake pin is assigned to and has the path that the second strong cohesiveness receives signal strength signal intensity, by that analogy, until whole rake pins has all been assigned with.The output of rake pin is combined into soft metric values and uses for ensuing device in colligator.
The rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost is realized, comprising following steps in mobile communication system of the present invention:
(1) rake receiver receives wireless communication signals, and obtains corresponding without interference waveform between symbol based on this wireless communication signals;
(2) the detecting process of nonfunctional rake pin is carried out according to described rake pin of having distributed without interference waveform between symbol and each, and the nonfunctional rake pin of having been distributed; This carries out the detecting process of nonfunctional rake pin, comprises the following steps:
(a) rake receiver detects in each rake pin of having distributed whether there is first kind nonfunctional rake pin, this first kind nonfunctional rake pin is the rake pin of distributing due to the channel energy detecting of this rake receiver mistake, and this rake pin receives and follows the trail of the simple glitch path formed because of noise; Rake receiver detects in each rake pin of having distributed whether there is first kind nonfunctional rake pin, comprises the following steps:
I () rake receiver judges whether signal energy that the rake pin that each has distributed detects is less than the first energy threshold Th1 of systemic presupposition successively; This first energy threshold Th1 is obtained by following formula:
Th1＝K－A－2B；
Wherein, K is the energy of whole Received signal strength of this rake receiver, and A is pilot channel energies difference, and B is pilot energy standard deviation; Described can be raised cosine waveform without interference waveform between symbol, and the corresponding rolling factor is less than 0.3, and described pilot channel energies difference is 30dB, and described pilot energy standard deviation is 1dB;
The described rolling factor can be preferably 0.22, lower same;
(ii) if then this rake pin is first kind nonfunctional rake pin;
If b () exists, then this first kind nonfunctional rake pin is recorded as the nonfunctional rake pin of having distributed;
(c) rake receiver detects in each rake pin of having distributed whether there is Second Type nonfunctional rake pin, and this Second Type nonfunctional rake pin is the rake pin of the other secondary lobe signal of the strong signal path of tracking that distributes due to this rake receiver; Rake receiver detects in each rake pin of having distributed whether there is Second Type nonfunctional rake pin, comprises the following steps:
(i) rake receiver judges whether meet following relation between the position of each rake pin of having distributed and the position of contiguous rake pin successively:
| finger positions-vicinity finger positions | a < G-0.125 code element;
Wherein, the he number that the position that G is secondary lobe signal differs with corresponding main lobe signal location;
(ii) if do not met, then choose next rake pin of having distributed, and repeat above-mentioned steps (i);
(iii) if met, then judge the signal energy whether signal energy that this rake pin detects is less than this vicinity rake pin and detects, and both differences are not less than the first energy threshold difference Th2_1 of systemic presupposition;
(iv) if not, choose next rake pin of having distributed, and repeat above-mentioned steps (i);
(v) if, then judge signal energy that this rake pin detects whether be greater than the position of this rake pin before the signal energy at 0.5 element position place, and both differences are not less than the second energy threshold difference Th2_2 of systemic presupposition, or the signal energy that this rake pin detects whether be greater than the position of this rake pin after the signal energy at 0.5 element position place, and both differences are not less than the second energy threshold difference Th2_2 of systemic presupposition;
(vi) if not, then choose next rake pin of having distributed, and repeat above-mentioned steps (i);
(vii) if then this rake pin is Second Type nonfunctional rake pin;
Wherein, this can be raised cosine waveform without interference waveform between symbol, and the corresponding rolling factor is less than 0.3, and the first described energy threshold difference Th2_1 is 13dB, and the second described energy threshold difference Th2_2 is 6dB;
If d () exists, then this Second Type nonfunctional rake pin is recorded as the nonfunctional rake pin of having distributed;
Whether e () rake receiver is detected in each rake pin of having distributed exists the 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin, the 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin be due to when multipath drift makes two path energy by chance be completely integrated into a path each other because other multipath timing tracking schemes and by distributed two rake pins mutually hindering; Whether rake receiver is detected in each rake pin of having distributed exists the 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin, comprises the following steps:
I () rake receiver is optional two rake pins from the rake pin that each has distributed, to judge between these two rake pins whether at a distance of at least one code element, and between these two rake pins, whether there is the stronger energy peak of the signal energy that detects than these two rake pins;
(ii) if not, then from the rake pin that each has distributed, again choose two rake pins, and repeat above-mentioned steps (i);
(iii) if, then these two rake pins are doubtful 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin, before judging the rake pin that position is forward, whether the signal energy at 0.5 element position place is less than the signal energy that the forward rake pin in this position detects, and both differences are not less than the 3rd energy threshold Th3 of systemic presupposition, simultaneously after the rake pin rearward of position, whether the signal energy at 0.5 element position place is less than the signal energy that this position rake pin rearward detects, and both differences are not less than the 3rd energy threshold Th3 of systemic presupposition;
(iv) if not, then from the rake pin that each has distributed, again choose two rake pins, and repeat above-mentioned steps (i);
V () is if then compare the signal energy that this two rake pins detect;
(vi) using rake pin more weak for wherein signal energy as the 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin;
Wherein, this can be raised cosine waveform without interference waveform between symbol, and the corresponding rolling factor is less than 0.3, and the 3rd described energy threshold difference Th3 is value relatively little in the signal energy detected in described doubtful 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin;
If f () exists, then the 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin is recorded as the nonfunctional rake pin of having distributed;
(3) the rake receiver described in removes and reclaims this nonfunctional rake pin of having distributed.
Moreover, realize in this mobile communication system in the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost without interference waveform between symbol also can for root cosine (RRC) waveform or optimize raised cosine (Better Than Raised Cosine) waveform.
Meanwhile, this mobile communication system can be CDMA mobile communication system, WCDMA mobile communication system, CDMA2000 mobile communication system or TD-SCDMA mobile communication system.
In the middle of reality uses, the present invention can be applied in and divide (code division) in the standard of criterion with code, similarly is Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) (99/4/5/6/7 series of 3GPP standard and the series upgraded), time division-synchronous divides multiple access (TD-SCDMA) and code division multiple access (series of IS-95/IS-2000 and renewal) etc.
The present invention mainly considers in all possible factors of influential system usefulness, except the rake pin number that can use, removing unwanted rake pin will be a most important factor, the problem removing rake pin will be more and more important in future, thus give effective and available hard-wired solution.After solution removes the problem of rake pin, thus obtain significantly system effectiveness improvement.
Owing to can use the quantitative limitation of rake pin number, fewer inking in the prior art removes in the problem of rake pin in discussion.Along with the increase of spendable finger resources, remove rake pin in the problem of restriction rake receiver usefulness, play a very important role gradually.Therefore the present invention proposes some useful decision rules and solves the problem removing rake pin.After solving and removing problem that rake pin suffers from, contemplated system performance will improve significantly.In addition the rake pin reclaimed will make receiver have the resource of maximum rake pin code reassignment and only also can save software and hardware process power consumption by necessary rake pin.
Method of the present invention is the characteristic based on utilizing without symbol interference (ISI-free) waveform, thus can judge that rake pin that where is it will be removed and this are the rake pins (be referred to as in the present invention " nonfunctional rake pin ") which kind of will be removed.A kind of waveform meeting Nyquist intersymbol interference criterion without symbol interference waveform.In the communications, when Nyquist intersymbol interference criterion is applied in fundamental frequency filter, the present invention can go incoming symbol string to simulation as the pulse (Diracdelta) being subject to weight.When fundamental frequency filter meets Nyquist intersymbol interference criterion, symbol can transmit and can not be subject to intersymbol interference in the limited frequency band that has mitigation response.This kind of fundamental frequency filter has raised cosine (Raised Cosine) filter (symbol string is by forming raised cosine waveform after raised cosine filter) or sinc filter ideally.Figure five is raised cosine waveform.In drawing five, there are continuous three raised cosine waveforms, R1 ~ R3, are used for demonstrating and transmit jamming pattern between the nil symbol of symbol when sampling.At the corresponding signal transmitted of this raised cosine waveform.Sample time=0 code element time, middle waveform (R2) is sampled when its maximum, and other two waveforms (R1 and R3) at this moment between point sampling value and be 0, therefore R1 and R3 does not have to disturb to R2 between contributing symbol.For Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) standard, root-raised cosine (RRC) filter is adopted to transmit output signal, receiver adopts identical RRC matched filter, merging delivery section and receiving terminal filter are RC wave mode, can reach the effect without symbol interference under certain conditions.
Have three will state especially in the present invention:
(1) the present invention utilizes the common characteristic detecting nonfunctional rake pin without intersymbol interference waveform, and therefore decision rule of the present invention is applicable to any without interference waveform between symbol (ISI-free pulse).Therefore the present invention includes all uses without in any standard/system of interference waveform between symbol.In practical application, similarly be RRC waveform without interference waveform between symbol, raised cosine (Raised Cosine) waveform and Better Than Raised Cosine waveform (specifically refer to N.C.Beaulieu, C.C.Tan, and M.O.Damen, " A ' better than ' Nyquist pulse " IEEE Commun.Lett., vol.5, pp.367-368, Sept.2001.).In other words, the present invention includes all conveyers/receiver filter and use the system meeting Nyquist intersymbol interference criterion.
(note: CDMA2000 uses the 0.07 rolling factor (roll-off factor) RRC filter (specifically to refer to: 3gpp2C.S0002-E, " Physcial Layer Standard for cdma2000Spread Spectrum Systems ", V1.0), TD-SCDMA and WCDMA then adopts the RRC filter of the 0.22 rolling factor.) specifically refer to Publication about Document:
●3gpp TS25.105，“Base Station(BS)radio transmission and reception(TDD)”，V6.8.0，2009-05
●3gpp TS25.104，“Base Station(BS)radio transmission and reception(FDD)”，V6.8.0，2009-06
(2) after having judged nonfunctional rake pin again, any rake pin removes mechanism and can be used, so the present invention includes all possible rake pin to remove mechanism.Nonfunctional rake pin differentiates to remove and can complete in the time a frequency pilot sign (pilotsymbol) the soonest.
(3) the present invention does not preset the restriction of any condition, so can be applied in any communication environment receiver based on rake receiver to rake receiver.
In the present invention, after controller distributes rake pin, control module need provide rake pin energy in conjunction with weight, finger positions shift position, and rake pin merges protection, distributes or reclaims rake pin.Rake pin to be assigned in multipath containing the path of stronger signal component to collect out the energy (if rake pin is enough, a signal path can be assigned with a rake pin substantially) of transmission signal in channel path in theory.But due to noise, the cause of multipath drift and decay, rake pin distribute or the likely random distribution rake pin of multipath timing tracking schemes to wrong position (claiming this rake pin to be nonfunctional rake pin at this).After these should not distribute rake pin appearance, total system will be caused to imitate loss of energy.All nonfunctional rake pins are divided into three classes and go to discuss by the present invention:
● type I nonfunctional rake pin---first kind nonfunctional rake pin
● type II nonfunctional rake pin---Second Type nonfunctional rake pin
● type III nonfunctional rake pin---the 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin
Wherein, to be receiver distribute rake pin because of the channel energy detecting of mistake to type I nonfunctional rake pin goes to receive and follow the trail of merely because of the glitch path that noise is formed.
Type II nonfunctional rake pin is that receiver distribution rake pin goes tracking one to have the secondary lobe signal (side-lobe signal) on very strong signal path side, because systems scan occurs to there being very strong part signal on the position of secondary lobe.
Type III nonfunctional rake pin refers to two these rake pins be assigned with, and because multipath drift meeting two path energy are by chance completely integrated into the cause in a path, causes these two rake pins all to be advanced toward same root path.But they each other can because of other multipath timing tracking schemes individual hinder by the other side.Above three class nonfunctional rake pins are irrelevant and independently problem need be dealt with by receiver rake pin controller.
Be directly proportional because rake pin can detect signal amplitude size to the impact of whole system and rake pin, therefore the effect that causes whole system of type I nonfunctional rake pin is very little.If want to judge type I nonfunctional rake pin wherein, there is a very simple method can reach this object: as long as set up an absolute threshold value (threshold) to go to judge.If rake pin detect little more next than threshold value of signal energy, namely that the present invention judges that this rake pin is as type I nonfunctional rake pin.
Suppose type I nonfunctional rake pin pilot channel energies less than whole Received signal strength (Io=KdBm) be AdB and pilot energy standard deviation is BdB, then threshold value should be arranged at Th1=K-A-2BdBm.When supposing that Received signal strength is Gaussian Profile, the present invention has the chance of 97% can remove (avoiding) type I nonfunctional rake pin.In path searcher, avoid distributing rake pin is less than on the path of K-A-4dBm to energy, can ensure the probability of the erroneous judgement of about 3% like this, generally speaking A=30dB, B=1dB.Judge that type I nonfunctional rake pin algorithm is wherein as follows:
If (rake pin energy < Th1)
{ this rake pin is type I nonfunctional rake pin.}
Remove all type I nonfunctional rake pins
Refer to shown in Fig. 4 a, wherein represent the situation of certain type II nonfunctional rake pin, rake pin 1 is assigned on the secondary lobe of RC waveform, the present invention must remove this rake pin, as seen from the figure secondary lobe position about distance main lobe (main-lobe) G code element and than the little CdB of main lobe (G follow C and selection without symbol waveform and relating to parameters).Type II nonfunctional rake pin betides stronger path usually, and therefore the present invention can be set to CdB threshold value and is less than main lobe energy, it is worth mentioning that type I nonfunctional rake pin detecting mechanism there is no method and is applied to type II nonfunctional rake pin.Need in addition inspection two zero crossings as z1 and z2 of Fig. 4 a respectively distance side lobe be about 0.5 code element, so there are two threshold value: Th2_1=CdB and Th2_2=DdB in summary.Following algorithm can be used to deal with type II nonfunctional rake pin:
If (following four conditions are set up simultaneously)
{ this rake pin is type II nonfunctional rake pin }
Remove all nonfunctional rake pins
Condition one: | finger positions-vicinity finger positions | < G-0.125 code element;
Condition two: the rake pin Th2_1dB of eligible is less than contiguous rake pin;
Condition three: the eligible rake pin of, two Th2_2dB larger than the energy of front 0.5 element position;
Condition four: the eligible rake pin of, two Th2_2dB larger than the energy of rear 0.5 element position.
Generally speaking, one is had to the RC wave mode of the rolling factor 0.22, C and D should be set to 13dB and 6dB respectively.According to simulation result, the detection performance that Th2_1=6dB can obtain also has the chance of more than 97% to detect the False Rate of typeII rake pin and 3%, according to simulation result, if the signal to noise ratio of input signal is 10dB, a typeII rake refers to that will reduce rake receiver output signal-to-noise ratio reaches 1.2dB.
Refer to shown in Fig. 4 b again; wherein represent type III nonfunctional rake pin; two rake pins are striven by same very big energy point nz1 but both are all because rake pin overlapping protection mechanism cannot be advanced, (be necessary by describing known rake pin overlapping protection mechanism above).Deal with type III rake pin, the present invention wishes:
(1) if two rake pins are striven by same energy level a little bigger, one of them must be removed.The rake pin existed can be locked in a short period of time and become legal rake pin.
(2) if two rake pins point to two signal paths separately at a distance of a code element, the present invention can wish that two rake pins renew.This kind of situation two rake pins can because the change of signal path be sometimes near zooming out sometimes, as shown in Fig. 4 c and 4d.
If receiver misjudge the former (1) for the latter (2) or erroneous judgement the latter are for the former can occur and kind situation? if (1) be judged to be broken into (2), otherwise type III rake pin renews and can reclaim normal rake pin, should avoid so the latter is judged to be broken into the former as far as possible.Utilization judges the energy of front and back 0.5 code element and sets threshold value as Th3=EdB, can obtain following typeIII rake pin detecting judgement formula:
If ((any two rake pins at a distance of a code element) and (in the middle of two rake pins, having the energy peak that individual energy is stronger))
{ two rake pins are put into the row of doubtful typeIII rake pin }
If (two rake pins are doubtful typeIII and strive by same peak value)
{
If (the energy < rake pin energy-Th3dB before half code element)
{ this is the type III rake pin of leading (left-hand side) }
If (the energy < rake pin energy-Th3dB after half code element)
{ this is a type III rake pin falling behind (right-hand side) }
}
Remove energy in two type III rake pins more weak.
A to E proposed in the present invention and G parameter are the RC wave mode optimizations for the 0.22 rolling factor, are generally speaking applicable to the RC wave mode being less than the 0.3 rolling factor.Moreover the similar practice can be applied in other disturb in wave mode without between symbol any.
Utilize the algorithm proposed in literary composition, whether next the present invention provides some specific embodiments to verify effective.
At Fig. 4 a to 4e, wherein select the RC wave mode of the 0.22 rolling factor and do not add noise.In Fig. 4 a, rake pin 2 is assigned to t=0, and respectively there is zero crossing nz1 and nz2 (-0.5 and+0.5 code element) on code element both sides, and rake pin 1 to be assigned in t=-1.5 code element and to have two zero crossing z1 and z2 to lay respectively at t=-2 and-1 code element.Utilize the algorithm the present invention proposed can judge that this is type II nonfunctional rake pin: 1) rake pin 1 and rake pin 2 are at a distance of 1.5 code elements and there is zero crossing z1 and z2 on the both sides of rake pin 1; The little 14dB of energy Ratios rake pin 2 of rake pin 1 and rake pin 1 energy Ratios z1 and the large 6dB of z2 energy.All features all point to type II above, and therefore receiver can judge immediately and remove this type II nonfunctional rake pin.
In Fig. 4 b, have two rake pins (rake pin 1 and rake pin 2) respectively time=-0.5 and 0.5 code element place.For rake pin 1, have the zero crossing of a vicinity (z1) time=-1 code element and the non-point (nz1) of broken zero of vicinity time=0 code element place.For rake pin 2, have the zero crossing of a vicinity (z2) time=1 code element and the non-point (nz1) of broken zero of vicinity time=0 code element place.Should not distribute rake pin algorithm wherein in accordance with above-mentioned judgement, rake pin 1 and rake pin 2 are judged as type III nonfunctional rake pin.More careful is described as follows, and rake pin 1 and rake pin 2 are at a distance of 1 code element; Between rake pin 1 and rake pin 2, there is an energy spikes value also to want large compared with the energy of these two rake pins; Rake pin 1 (z1, nz1) and rake pin 2 (z2, nz1) all respectively have a vicinity to break the non-point of broken zero of zero-sum vicinity.Because these conditions and above-mentioned judgement should not distribute rake pin, the judgement type III nonfunctional rake pin condition wherein in algorithm was coincide, and therefore rake pin 1 and rake pin 2 can be judged as type III nonfunctional rake pin.After type III nonfunctional rake pin is determined, rake pin 1 or one of them rake pin of rake pin 2 can be removed after a while.
In Fig. 4 c ~ 4e, the present invention lifts the situation that a multi-path environment is made up of two signal paths.Difference between Fig. 4 c and Fig. 4 d is just the difference of transmission signal symbol.Difference between Fig. 4 c and Fig. 4 e is then that the rake pin number be assigned with is different.Fig. 4 c and Fig. 4 d can be used for comparing to strengthen the present invention with Fig. 4 b and judge that type III should not distribute the argument of rake pin.In these three figure, the figure of blue dotted line represents the signal of two signal paths respectively; The signal waveform that graphical representation two signal paths of blue solid lines are combined into.
In Fig. 4 c, have two rake pins (rake pin 1 and rake pin 2) respectively time=-1 and 0 code element place.For rake pin 1, the non-zero crossing (nz1 and nz2) having two vicinities respectively time=-1.5 code elements and-0.5 code element place.For rake pin 2, the non-zero crossing (nz2 and nz3) also having two vicinities respectively time=-0.5 code element and 0.5 code element place.This is with judging in algorithm of the present invention that type III nonfunctional rake pin condition misfits (two rake pins all respectively need have a vicinity to break the non-point of broken zero of zero-sum vicinity), and therefore rake pin 1 and rake pin 2 can not be judged as type III nonfunctional rake pin.
In Fig. 4 d, judge in algorithm that one of them condition of type III nonfunctional rake pin (two rake pins all respectively need have a vicinity to break the non-point of broken zero of zero-sum vicinity) is coincide, but it is also large compared with the energy of these two rake pins to there is no energy spikes value between these two rake pins, therefore rake pin 1 and rake pin 2 can not be judged as type III nonfunctional rake pin.In fact, rake pin 1 and rake pin 2 are not type III nonfunctional rake pins really yet
In Fig. 4 e, have three rake pins (rake pin 1, rake pin 2, the rake pin 3) time of laying respectively at=-1.5 ,-0.5,0.5 code element place.For rake pin 1, the point (z1) having a vicinity to break zero time=-2 code elements and non-point (nz1) of broken zero of vicinity time=-1 code element place.For rake pin 3, the point (z2) having a vicinity to break zero time=1 code element and non-point (nz2) of broken zero of vicinity time=0 code element place.For rake pin 2, have the non-points (nz1 and nz2) of broken zero of two vicinities respectively time=-1,0 code element place.For rake pin 1 and rake pin 3, because the condition between two rake pins and the judgement type III nonfunctional rake pin condition in algorithm are coincide, therefore rake pin 1 and rake pin 3 can be judged as type III nonfunctional rake pin.After having judged type III nonfunctional rake pin, the present invention can use any possible rake pin remove mechanism go to remove rake pin 1 or rake pin 3 one of them.
About other list of references related to the present invention, also refer to following american documentation literature:
US7184462，Method and apparatus for configuring a Rake receiver。
Adopt the beneficial effect of the inventive method as follows:
(1) the present invention can by removing nonfunctional rake pin to obtain the improvement of system effectiveness, particularly in the harsh communication environment of high s/n ratio or multi-path attenuating mechanism.
(2) thus the present invention also can save the number of rake pin in addition.The rake pin saved can be received device and reuse, and obtains further system effectiveness and improves.
(3) lacked unnecessary nonfunctional rake pin, unnecessary software and hardware process power consumption can have been avoided.
Have employed the rake pin configuring management method of the rake type receiver in mobile communication system performance boost of this invention, carry out the differentiation of nonfunctional rake pin due to the decision rule wherein utilizing some useful and remove, reclaim, thus systematic function obtains obvious improvement, particularly in the harsh communication environment of high s/n ratio or multi-path attenuating mechanism, more show advantage; Meanwhile, also thus can save the number of valuable rake pin, the rake pin saved can be received device and reuse, and obtains further system effectiveness and improves; And owing to decreasing unnecessary nonfunctional rake pin, can avoid unnecessary software and hardware process power consumption, thus make use of system resource to greatest extent, stable and reliable working performance, the scope of application are comparatively extensive.
In this description, the present invention is described with reference to its specific embodiment.But, still can make various amendment and conversion obviously and not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, specification and accompanying drawing are regarded in an illustrative, rather than a restrictive.
Claims (10)
1. realize a rake pin configuring management method for rake receiver performance boost in mobile communication system, it is characterized in that, described method comprises the following steps:
(1) rake receiver receives wireless communication signals, and obtains corresponding without interference waveform between symbol based on this wireless communication signals;
(2) the detecting process of nonfunctional rake pin is carried out according to described rake pin of having distributed without interference waveform between symbol and each, and the nonfunctional rake pin of having been distributed;
Carry out the detecting process of nonfunctional rake pin, comprise the following steps:
(a) rake receiver detects in each rake pin of having distributed whether there is first kind nonfunctional rake pin;
Detecting first kind nonfunctional rake pin, comprises the following steps:
(21) rake receiver judges whether signal energy that the rake pin that each has distributed detects is less than the first energy threshold Th1 of systemic presupposition successively;
(22) if then this rake pin is first kind nonfunctional rake pin;
If b () exists, then this first kind nonfunctional rake pin is recorded as the nonfunctional rake pin of having distributed;
(c) rake receiver detects in each rake pin of having distributed whether there is Second Type nonfunctional rake pin;
Detecting Second Type nonfunctional rake pin, comprises the following steps:
(31) rake receiver judges whether meet following relation between the position of each rake pin of having distributed and the position of contiguous rake pin successively:
| finger positions-vicinity finger positions | a < G-0.125 code element;
Wherein, the he number that the position that G is secondary lobe signal differs with corresponding main lobe signal location;
(32) if do not met, then choose next rake pin of having distributed, and repeat above-mentioned steps (31);
(33) if met, then judge the signal energy whether signal energy that this rake pin detects is less than this vicinity rake pin and detects, and both differences are not less than the first energy threshold difference Th2_1 of systemic presupposition;
(34) if not, choose next rake pin of having distributed, and repeat above-mentioned steps (31);
(35) if, then judge signal energy that this rake pin detects whether be greater than the position of this rake pin before the signal energy at 0.5 element position place, and both differences are not less than the second energy threshold difference Th2_2 of systemic presupposition, or the signal energy that this rake pin detects whether be greater than the position of this rake pin after the signal energy at 0.5 element position place, and both differences are not less than the second energy threshold difference Th2_2 of systemic presupposition;
(36) if not, then choose next rake pin of having distributed, and repeat above-mentioned steps (31);
(37) if then this rake pin is Second Type nonfunctional rake pin;
If d () exists, then this Second Type nonfunctional rake pin is recorded as the nonfunctional rake pin of having distributed;
Whether e () rake receiver is detected in each rake pin of having distributed exists the 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin;
Detect the 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin, comprise the following steps:
(41) rake receiver optional two rake pins from the rake pin that each has distributed, to judge between these two rake pins whether at a distance of at least one code element, and between these two rake pins, whether there is the stronger energy peak of the signal energy that detects than these two rake pins;
(42) if not, then from the rake pin that each has distributed, again choose two rake pins, and repeat above-mentioned steps (41);
(43) if, then these two rake pins are doubtful 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin, before judging the rake pin that position is forward, whether the signal energy at 0.5 element position place is less than the signal energy that the forward rake pin in this position detects, and both differences are not less than the 3rd energy threshold Th3 of systemic presupposition, simultaneously after the rake pin rearward of position, whether the signal energy at 0.5 element position place is less than the signal energy that this position rake pin rearward detects, and both differences are not less than the 3rd energy threshold Th3 of systemic presupposition;
(44) if not, then from the rake pin that each has distributed, again choose two rake pins, and repeat above-mentioned steps (41);
(45) if then compare the signal energy that this two rake pins detect;
(46) using rake pin more weak for wherein signal energy as the 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin;
If f () exists, then the 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin is recorded as the nonfunctional rake pin of having distributed;
(3) the rake receiver described in removes and reclaims this nonfunctional rake pin of having distributed.
2. realize the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost in mobile communication system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the first energy threshold Th1 of described systemic presupposition is obtained by following formula:
Th1＝K－A－2B；
Wherein, K is the energy of whole Received signal strength of rake receiver, and A is pilot channel energies difference, and B is pilot energy standard deviation.
3. in mobile communication system according to claim 2, realize the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost, it is characterized in that, described is raised cosine waveform without interference waveform between symbol, the corresponding rolling factor is less than 0.3, described pilot channel energies difference is 30dB, and described pilot energy standard deviation is 1dB.
4. realize the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost in mobile communication system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the described rolling factor is 0.22.
5. in mobile communication system according to claim 1, realize the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost, it is characterized in that, described is raised cosine waveform without interference waveform between symbol, the corresponding rolling factor is less than 0.3, the first described energy threshold difference Th2_1 is 13dB, and the second described energy threshold difference Th2_2 is 6dB.
6. realize the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost in mobile communication system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the described rolling factor is 0.22.
7. in mobile communication system according to claim 1, realize the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost, it is characterized in that, described is raised cosine waveform without interference waveform between symbol, the corresponding rolling factor is less than 0.3, and the 3rd described energy threshold difference Th3 is value relatively little in the signal energy detected in described doubtful 3rd type nonfunctional rake pin.
8. realize the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost in mobile communication system according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the described rolling factor is 0.22.
9. realize the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost in the mobile communication system according to any one of claim 1,2, it is characterized in that, described is root cosine waveform or optimization raised cosine waveform without interference waveform between symbol.
10. in mobile communication system according to any one of claim 1 to 8, realize the rake pin configuring management method of rake receiver performance boost, it is characterized in that, described mobile communication system is CDMA mobile communication system, WCDMA mobile communication system, CDMA2000 mobile communication system or TD-SCDMA mobile communication system.
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| CN1883142A (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2006-12-20 | 美商内数位科技公司 | Rake-based CDMA receivers for multiple receiver antennas |
| CN101594170A (en) * | 2003-03-13 | 2009-12-02 | 美商内数位科技公司 | Assigning multi-paths is in wireless communications method and system that the harrow type receiver branch refers to |
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