CN102162241A - A method of improving swelling soil roadbed filling material by using waste carbide slag - Google Patents
A method of improving swelling soil roadbed filling material by using waste carbide slag Download PDFInfo
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Landscapes
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
目前针对膨胀土固化剂研究尚不成熟，缺乏经济高效的专用固化剂，本发明提供一种以工业废电石渣为原料的一种用废弃电石渣改良膨胀土路基填料的方法，该方法用电石渣作为固化剂改良膨胀土路基；将电石渣掺加到膨胀土中，控制含水率为18%-20%，充分搅拌，使其均匀，电石渣的掺量为：干电石渣的质量为膨胀土干土质量的6～10%。本发明不仅可以降低固化剂成本，具有显著的固化效果，更能将工业废料电石渣变废为宝，起到综合利用和保护环境的作用。At present, the research on expansive soil curing agent is still immature, and there is a lack of economical and efficient special curing agent. The present invention provides a method for improving expansive soil roadbed filler with waste carbide slag, which uses industrial waste carbide slag as raw material. Gravel slag is used as a curing agent to improve the expansive soil roadbed; add calcium carbide slag to the expansive soil, control the moisture content to 18%-20%, stir well to make it uniform, the dosage of calcium carbide slag is: the mass of dry carbide slag is 6-10% of the mass of expansive soil dry soil. The invention can not only reduce the cost of curing agent, but also has remarkable curing effect, and can turn industrial waste calcium carbide slag into treasure, and play the role of comprehensive utilization and environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to dilative soil and administers technical field, belongs to geotechnical engineering, highway construction, hydraulic engineering technical field.
Background technology
Expansive soil has the characteristics of water-swellable, dehydration drying shrinkage, when directly using as roadbed filling if it is not carried out the modification processing, during construction and after the construction, subgrade in swelling soil zone easily produces expansion after banketing and meeting water, then shrink easily during arid, cause roadbed basic unit and road surface structare layer to produce diseases such as shrinkage cracking, expansion, shorten service life of road surface, do great damage to engineering construction.
Because the significant swell-shrink characteristics of expansive soil, usually cause huge infringement to engineering, existing roadbed design job specfication regulation: the unsuitable direct filling roadbed of expansive soil, when needing to use, should take the necessary technology measure, and behind testing and verification, use, the road can't be satisfied and often the side's of abandoning processing can only be done with the expansive soil that requires.Yet this type of area usually lacks high quality filler, changes to fill out time-consuming and waste a large amount of land resources, does not meet the needs that China " builds resource-conserving, friendly environment society ".The expansive soil problem has seriously restricted expressway construction and the social development of the widely distributed central and west regions of expansive soil, therefore the Study on Processing Methods of expansive soil has become one of key technical problem of above-mentioned regional expressway construction, more and more causes scientific research personnel's attention.
Still immature at the improvement expansive soil at present as express highway roadbed filler research, lack the special curing agent of economical and efficient and the Treatment Design method of closed specification.The method of handling at present expansive soil mainly is a chemical modification, as mixes quicklime, cement, flyash, sodium chloride, calcium chloride and phosphoric acid and wait to stablize expansive soil, and wherein to handle expansive soil be the most general and effective method with mixing quicklime.Quicklime improvement expansive soil mainly is to add lime as stabilizing agent in expansive soil.Thereby improve the performance of roadbed filling, stablize expansive soil and reduce its dilatancy, improve the intensity and the stability of roadbed roadbed, guarantee the roadbed quality with soil.
Lime mainly is gelling, ion-exchange and carbonization to the improving effect of expansive soil, but that the gelling reaction of lime and expansive soil carries out is slower, has the not high problem of early strength; In the expansive soil of high-moisture is handled, generally take secondary to mix the job practices of ash, this activities is relatively complicated, generally needs the 7d time at least, will certainly prolong the duration.In addition, easy airborne dust (especially mixing quicklime) when mixing the lime construction causes certain environment to pollute to surrounding enviroment.
Carbide slag is the waste residue that produces when producing important industrial chemicals acetylene with calcium carbide, main component Ca (OH)
2, also contain CaCO
3, SiO
2, metals such as sulfide, magnesium and iron inorganic matter and a small amount of organic matters such as oxide, hydroxide.The efficient oxidation calcium is generally more than 60%, satisfy the standard of III level slaked lime in the highway construction, the existing carbide slag that studies show that can be used as the road foundation material fully, and is qualified fully as roadbed material as flyash-carbide slag, has the advantages that the construction period is short, efficient is high.The carbide slag wide material sources, according to national development and reform committee statistics, state's endosymbiosis electrogenesis stone was 5,300,000 tons in 2003, produced 1.2 tons of carbide slags by consuming calcium carbide per ton, and the carbide slag that the whole nation produces is above 6,000,000 tons.The water content of carbide slag slurries is big, alkalescence is high, and flow is big, is the major polluting sources of sewage network; And the main component of dried carbide slag is a calcium oxide, is that high alkalinity material pH value can reach more than 12.Discharging and store electricity rock ballast often take a large amount of arable lands, and the serious calcification in the soil of long-term storage, second ploughing be difficulty very.If the miscarriage meeting causes local ecological environment and air quality and has a strong impact on.
Meanwhile, with respect to the quicklime raw material, carbide slag has better economic benefit and social benefit.The present price of carbide slag is 10 yuan/ton (containing transport cost), and the price of quicklime is 280-350 unit/ton.Both prices differ significantly, if can improve expansive soil with replacing carbide slag quicklime, can greatly reduce construction costs; In addition, quicklime can discharge in manufacturing process discharges carbon dioxide, increases the weight of the warm trend of global climate, is unfavorable for the enforcement of the existing reduction of discharging policy of China.It is reported, produce in 1 ton of quicklime process and will on average discharge 0.8 ton of carbon dioxide.And carbide slag belongs to industrial residue, utilizes it to do expansive soil modifier, can release of carbon dioxide.Therefore, utilize carbide slag improvement subgrade in swelling soil zone filler, have good economic benefit and social benefit.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: still immature at the research of expansive soil curing compound at present; the special curing agent that lacks economical and efficient; the invention provides a kind of is a kind of method with waste carbide slag improvement subgrade in swelling soil zone filler of raw material with the useless carbide slag of industry; the present invention not only can reduce the curing compound cost; has significant solidification effect; more the industrial waste carbide slag can be turned waste into wealth, play the effect of comprehensive utilization and protection environment.
Technical scheme: method of the present invention improves subgrade in swelling soil zone with carbide slag as curing compound; Carbide slag is spiked in the expansive soil, and the control moisture content is 18%-20%, fully stirs, and makes it even, and the volume of carbide slag is: the quality of dried carbide slag is 6～10% of an expansive soil dry ground quality.
The present invention with carbide slag with comprehensively compare, analyze at aspects such as the physico mechanical characteristic after the improvement of general expansive soil improvement material cost cost, the soil body, environmental benefits after draw carbide slag and be suitable for as the expansive soil improvement material.
By degree of free swelling, expansion force and the swell increment result of the test of carbide slag improvement expansive soil are carried out Macro or mass analysis, and with the effect of quicklime improvement expansive soil more as can be known, using carbide slag improvement expansive soil, on the material source and on the physical mechanics test result, all is feasible.
Beneficial effect:
(1) use carbide slag improvement subgrade in swelling soil zone filler, the imbibition of conditioned soil obviously reduces, and can reduce swell increment preferably, reduces expansion force.
(2) compare with the method for lime improvement expansive soil, lower with the carbide slag cost, have good economic benefit.
(3) adopt replacing carbide slag with lime, reduce CO2 emissions, and can as quicklime, not produce airborne dust during construction and cause environment pollution, have good social benefit.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with laboratory test results the present invention is described in more detail:
The effect of carbide slag improvement expansive soil is intended by laboratory test and theory analysis way of combining, mainly evaluates from the physico-mechanical properties of carbide slag improvement expansive soil.
1) expansive soil fundamental property: test is taken from the somewhere, Anhui with soil, and degree of free swelling is 76%, belongs to strong expansive soil, and its basic index is liquid limit w
L=142.4%, plastic limit w
p=40.8%, the natural moisture content w=30.5% of soil, particulate (particle diameter＜75 μ m) content is 99.1%, obtains maximum dry unit weight γ by compaction test
Dmax=1.21g/cm
3, optimum moisture content w
Op=25.2%, swell increment is 13.35% under the 50kPa load.
2) carbide slag fundamental property: the basic physicochemical characteristics of selected carbide slag and chemical composition such as table 1 and table 2;
The basic physicochemical characteristics of table 1 carbide slag
Table 2 carbide slag chemical composition analysis
3) preparation of soil sample: expansive soil is crossed the 0.5mm sieve, add natural carbide slag and dried quicklime in the expansive soil manual the stirring more than 10 minutes to even, the incorporation of carbide slag (being scaled the quality of dried carbide slag) is respectively 6%, 8%, 10% of dried expansive soil quality, the volume of dried quicklime is 8% of a dried expansive soil quality, and water content is controlled at about 19% during preparation; The soil sample that stirs is sealed with freshness protection package, put into the fog room maintenance of 24 ℃ and 100% humidity.
The test of boundary moisture content is got the soil sample of above-mentioned maintenance 1d and 28d and is tested; Grain size analysis test is got the soil sample oven dry earlier of above-mentioned maintenance 7d and 28d, crosses the sieve of 0.5mm, respectively gets then and tests after 20g soil is put into 100ml distilled water immersion 24d; Degree of free swelling is got above-mentioned maintenance 1d, and the soil sample of 7d and 28d is dried, and crosses the sieve of 0.5mm, tests then; The soil sample that above-mentioned maintenance 1d is got in swell increment and expansion force test, inserting diameter is 61.8mm, highly is the cutting ring of 20mm, by dry density control, hydrostatic profile is wipeed off, make sample, with freshness protection package sealing, the fog room maintenance 7d that puts into 24 ℃ and 100% humidity tests.
4) test method: the test of boundary moisture content is carried out according to the T 0118-2007 in the standard " highway earthwork test rule JTG E40-2007 "; Mastersizer Micro (MAF5000) the laser diffraction granularity instrument that grain size analysis test adopts Ma Erwen (Malvern) company to produce is tested, and uses ultrasonic wave to disperse, and jitter time is 20 minutes; Free swell test is carried out according to the T0124-1993 in the standard " highway earthwork test rule JTG E40-2007 "; Swell increment and expansion force carry out according to T0126-1993 and the T0127-1993 in the standard " highway earthwork test rule JTG E40-2007 ".
5) result of the test:
Boundary moisture content result of the test such as table 3 and table 4:
Boundary moisture content result of the test behind each conditioned soil standard curing 1d of table 3
| The soil sample title | Plastic limit (%) | Liquid limit (%) | Index of plasticity |
| 6% carbide slag | 44.9 | 86.1 | 41.1 |
| 8% carbide slag | 43.4 | 80.6 | 37.2 |
| 10% carbide slag | 43.0 | 68.8 | 25.8 |
| 8% quicklime | 44.1 | 66.8 | 22.7 |
Boundary moisture content result of the test behind each conditioned soil standard curing 28d of table 4
| The soil sample title | Plastic limit (%) | Liquid limit (%) | Index of plasticity |
| 6% carbide slag | 44.2 | 87.6 | 43.4 |
| 8% carbide slag | 48.2 | 76.6 | 38.5 |
| 10% carbide slag | 41.2 | 65.4 | 24.1 |
| 8% quicklime | 46.4 | 64.1 | 22.7 |
The more plain soil of liquid plastic limit that can get carbide slag and quicklime conditioned soil from table has tangible reduction.With the increase of the incorporation of carbide slag, the liquid limit of expansive soil is reduced to 68.8% (10% carbide slag) from 142.4%, plastic limit has increase slightly, reacted to a certain extent that the hydrophily of clay in the soil weakens and soil in clay content reduce.And the liquid limit of 10% carbide slag conditioned soil is respectively 68.8% and 65.4% under 1d and the 28d curing condition, the liquid limit of 8% quicklime conditioned soil is 65.4% and 64.1%, both are close substantially, and the improved effect of 10% carbide slag and 8% Calcium Carbide Ash is more approaching as can be seen.
Grain size analysis test result such as table 5:
Grain size analysis test result when each conditioned soil 7d of table 5 and 28d curing age
Therefrom as can be seen and plain soil phase ratio, follow the admixture of carbide slag and quicklime, the grain diameter in the improvement swell soil obviously increases, and increases with the increase of volume and curing age substantially, illustrates that modifying agent has the sand effect to swell soil.By the branch result contrast the during length of time can get to two kinds of modifying agents differences, the conditioned soil clay content of admixture 10%wt carbide slag is reduced to 17.6%, 16.7% more approaching with 8% quicklime illustrates to go up substantially with carbide slag improvement swell soil to reach the effect that quicklime is improved.
Free swell test result such as table 6:
Free swell test result during each conditioned soil difference curing age of table 6
As can be seen from Table 4, the degree of free swelling of plain soil is 76%, belong to medium dilatancy soil (according to " Technical code for buildings in swelling soil zone GBJ112-87 "), increase along with the incorporation of carbide slag, degree of free swelling descends gradually, under the volume of the carbide slag of 10%wt, degree of free swelling is 15%, far below 40%; According to Technical code for buildings in swelling soil zone GBJ112-87 regulation, degree of free swelling should be judged to be expansive soil more than or equal to 40% soil.Therefore, the carbide slag conditioned soil of 10% volume has belonged to unexpansive soil.
50kPa swell increment result of the test such as table 7:
Swell increment result of the test during each conditioned soil 7d curing age of table 7
| The soil sample title | Swell soil | 6% carbide slag | 8% carbide slag | 10% carbide slag | 8% quicklime |
| Initial aqueous rate (%) | 24.25 | 19.52 | 19.50 | 20.02 | 16.74 |
| Initial dry density (g/cm 3) | 1.42 | 1.18 | 1.29 | 1.19 | 1.15 |
| Swell increment (%) | 13.35 | 1.85 | 1.03 | 0.73 | 0.65 |
From experimental result as can be seen: bentonitic swell increment is 13.35% under the 50kPa load, has bigger expansion potentiality, and along with the increase of carbide slag volume, swell increment is obviously lower, and 10% carbide slag has dropped to 0.73%, significantly reduces bentonitic dilatancy.And the swell increment of 8% quicklime conditioned soil is 0.65%, and the volume of 10% carbide slag can reach the improved effect of 8% quicklime volume substantially as can be seen.
Expansion force result of the test such as table 8:
Expansion force result of the test during each conditioned soil 7d curing age of table 8
| The soil sample title | Swell soil | 6% carbide slag | 8% carbide slag | 10% carbide slag | 8% quicklime |
| Initial aqueous rate (%) | 24.28 | 19.83 | 18.63 | 19.48 | 16.89 |
| Initial dry density (g/cm 3) | 1.41 | 1.18 | 1.29 | 1.18 | 1.17 |
| Expansion force (kPa) | 325 | 112 | 104 | 72 | 69 |
Find out that by table 6 swell soil that does not mix carbide slag has bigger expansion force, and along with the increase of the volume of carbide slag, expansion force reduces significantly.The expansion force of plain soil is 325kPa, and the expansion force of 10% carbide slag conditioned soil has reduced by 78%, and expansion force is 72kPa, and is suitable substantially with the 69kPa of 8% carbide slag conditioned soil.
Claims (1)
1. the method with waste carbide slag improvement subgrade in swelling soil zone filler is characterized in that this method improves subgrade in swelling soil zone with carbide slag as curing compound; Carbide slag is spiked in the expansive soil, and the control moisture content is 18%-20%, fully stirs, and makes it even, and the volume of carbide slag is: the quality of dried carbide slag is 6～10% of an expansive soil dry ground quality.
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| CN105951551A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-09-21 | 中铁第勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Improvement method of expansive soil roadbed filling |
| CN110117421A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-08-13 | 南京交通工程有限公司 | A kind of modification of expansive soil agent |
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| CN113880537A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-04 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of titanium gypsum simply modified and improved expansive soil roadbed filler |
| WO2024108868A1 (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2024-05-30 | 东南大学 | Foamed lightweight soil based on expansive soil and industrial solid waste and preparation method therefor |
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| CN101838985A (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2010-09-22 | 东南大学 | Method for improving over-wet cohesive soil by using curing agent |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101838985A (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2010-09-22 | 东南大学 | Method for improving over-wet cohesive soil by using curing agent |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104988901A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-10-21 | 合肥工业大学 | Method for modifying swelling soil through iron tailing fine sand and construction method thereof |
| CN105951551A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-09-21 | 中铁第勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Improvement method of expansive soil roadbed filling |
| CN105887801A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-08-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for improving expansive soil foundation by combining phosphogypsum and waste tire rubber powder |
| CN110117421A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-08-13 | 南京交通工程有限公司 | A kind of modification of expansive soil agent |
| CN111139078A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-05-12 | 河海大学 | Improved expansive soil and preparation method, construction method and application thereof |
| CN111424480A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-07-17 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Construction waste improved expansive soil roadbed structure and construction method thereof |
| CN113308250A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-08-27 | 合肥工业大学 | Utilization method of waste stone |
| CN113880537A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-04 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of titanium gypsum simply modified and improved expansive soil roadbed filler |
| WO2024108868A1 (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2024-05-30 | 东南大学 | Foamed lightweight soil based on expansive soil and industrial solid waste and preparation method therefor |
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