CN102136583A - Regeneration method of zinc powder as negative electrode material of waste alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for regenerating a waste alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery cathode material zinc powder. The method comprises the following steps: (1) separating and extracting a negative electrode material; (2) Soaking the negative electrode material in dilute hydrochloric acid or strong base solution at room temperature to obtain a mixture; (3) Filtering the mixture, and recovering insoluble substances to obtain filtrate; (4) Adding polyalcohol surfactant into the filtrate, adjusting the filtrate into electrolyte, electrolyzing at 20-50 ℃, and separating out zinc powder at a cathode; (5) Scraping zinc powder precipitated on the cathode every 10-30 minutes, adding the filtrate obtained in the step (3) into the electrolyte and adjusting zinc ions in the electrolyte to the initial concentration; and cleaning and drying the scraped zinc powder to obtain recovered zinc powder. The invention has simple process, convenient operation and low production cost; the AA battery assembled by the regenerated zinc powder has the performance reaching the national standard, and can also solve the problems of environmental pollution and excessive development of mineral resources of the waste alkali-manganese battery.

Description

A kind of regeneration method of zinc powder, the anode material of waste alkaline zinc-manganese battery

technical field

The invention belongs to the application fields of environmental protection and resource regeneration, and in particular relates to a method for regenerating zinc powder, a negative electrode material of a waste alkaline zinc-manganese battery.

Background technique

Due to the rapid development of the electronic industry and the increasing awareness of environmental protection, higher requirements are placed on the performance of batteries. Compared with ordinary batteries, alkaline zinc-manganese batteries have the following advantages: ① Large capacity, about 3 to 8 times that of ordinary batteries; ② High power, stable curve under high current discharge conditions; ③ High resource utilization, Improve the cost performance of the battery; ④Low pollution, realize the advantages of completely mercury-free, so alkaline zinc-manganese batteries have become the mainstream of global primary battery production and consumption. Especially in the past ten years, the gap between the average quality level of alkaline zinc-manganese batteries in my country and foreign countries has become smaller and smaller, and some have reached the advanced level in foreign countries. According to industry forecasts, in 2010, the output of alkaline zinc-manganese batteries in my country will reach 18 billion, accounting for 1/3 of the world's output of alkaline zinc-manganese batteries. Therefore, my country is a big country in the production and consumption of alkaline zinc-manganese batteries.

With the deepening of people's understanding of sustainable development and resource-saving and environment-friendly society, the mass production and consumption of alkaline zinc-manganese batteries pose a serious challenge to the "green world". The random discarding of a large number of waste batteries has caused serious harm to the environment. At the same time, the random discarding of a large number of used batteries has caused a serious waste of non-renewable natural resources such as zinc and manganese. Therefore, the recovery and regeneration of the electrode material zinc in waste batteries plays an indescribable importance in reducing battery costs and realizing the recycling of mineral resources, and is also of great significance to the sustainable development of the economy and "green batteries".

At present, there are mainly the following methods for the recovery and utilization of zinc as the negative electrode material of waste zinc-manganese batteries: (1) take out the electrode material and dissolve it in an acidic solution under suitable conditions, and increase the recovery of zinc by increasing the leaching rate of zinc; for example , Patent CN87102008 "Method for Extracting Manganese Dioxide and Zinc from Waste Zinc-Manganese Dry Batteries"; (2) dissolving waste batteries to make electrolyte, and then making metal compounds through electrolysis, filtration and recrystallization; for example, Patent CN03111163.7 "The Method of Utilizing Waste Zinc-Manganese Dry Batteries to Produce Metal Compounds"; the disadvantages of the above methods are complex operation, high energy consumption, and high equipment costs; (3) Zn, Mn, Cu, etc. in waste batteries are necessary for crops Micronutrients such as ZnSO ₄ and MnSO ₄ can be directly prepared with waste batteries, for example, the document "Development of Organic Micro-fertilizers and Fertilizer Efficiency Tests Using Waste Alkali-Manganese Batteries". It can be seen that none of the existing methods can directly regenerate the negative electrode material zinc.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for regenerating zinc powder, the negative electrode material of waste alkaline zinc-manganese batteries.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a method for regenerating the zinc powder of the negative electrode material of the waste alkaline zinc-manganese battery, comprising the following steps:

(1) Separation and extraction of the negative electrode material: mechanically cut open the shell of the waste alkaline zinc-manganese battery, and take out the negative electrode material (mainly including zinc and zinc oxide);

(2) Leaching: soak the negative electrode material taken out in step (1) in dilute hydrochloric acid or strong alkali solution at room temperature for 1 to 2 hours, stir continuously during the soaking to speed up the dissolution, and obtain a mixture;

(3) Separating zinc salt or zincate: filtering the mixture obtained in step (2), reclaiming the insoluble matter, and obtaining the filtrate;

(4) Electrolytic production of zinc powder: adjust the filtrate obtained in step (3) into an electrolyte, add polyalcohol surfactants, and conduct electrolysis at 20-50°C with a cathode current density of 10-30A/dm ² Precipitation of zinc powder;

(5) Every 10 to 30 minutes, scrape off the zinc powder precipitated on the cathode, and add the filtrate obtained in step (3) to the electrolyte at the same time, adjust the zinc ion in the electrolyte to the initial concentration; clean the scraped zinc powder And after drying treatment, the recovered zinc powder is obtained.

Step (2) said anode material is soaked in dilute hydrochloric acid to obtain mixture, and mixture is made up of following components by weight percentage:

Negative electrode material 40%

HCl 10%

Water 50%.

The negative electrode material described in step (2) is soaked in a strong alkali solution to obtain a mixture, and the mixture is composed of the following components by weight percentage:

Negative electrode material 10%

Strong base 20%

Water 70%;

The strong base is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.

When the filtrate in step (4) is acidic, adjust the zinc ion concentration to 0.4-0.7M, and adjust the pH to 5-6.

The adjustment of pH is carried out by using ammonia water for adjustment.

When the filtrate in step (4) is alkaline, the concentration of zinc ions is adjusted to 0.1-0.4M, and the molar ratio of strong base to zinc ions is 3:1-15:1.

The addition amount of the polyalcohol surfactant in step (4) is 0.2% to 1% of the mass of the electrolyte.

The cathode current density in step (4) is 10-30A/dm ² .

The cathode used in the electrolysis in step (4) is a stainless steel plate or a zinc plate, and the anode is a graphite, platinum plate, titanium plate, stainless steel plate or nickel-plated iron plate.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects: the present invention has the advantages of simple process, convenient operation and low production cost; the performance of the AA battery assembled with regenerated zinc powder reaches the national standard. In the whole production process, the process is simple and the economic benefits are good, which can solve the problems of environmental pollution of waste alkaline manganese batteries and over-exploitation of mineral resources, and is beneficial to the sustainable development of society.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Example 1

(1) Separation and extraction of the negative electrode material: mechanically cut open the shell of the waste alkaline zinc-manganese battery, and take out the negative electrode material;

(2) Leaching: soak the negative electrode material taken out in step (1) in dilute hydrochloric acid at room temperature for 1 hour, stir continuously during the soaking to speed up the dissolution, and obtain a mixture; the mixture is composed of the following components by weight percentage: negative electrode material 40% , HCl 10% and water 50%;

(3) Separating zinc salt or zincate: filtering the mixture obtained in step (2), reclaiming the insoluble matter, and obtaining the filtrate;

(4) Electrolytic production of zinc powder: adjust the filtrate obtained in step (3) into an electrolyte so that [Zn ²⁺ ] is 0.4M, pH = 6; introduce the adjusted leachate into the electrolytic cell, and add polyalcohol surface The active agent is 0.2%, the anode is graphite, the cathode plate is stainless steel plate, electrolysis is carried out at 20-50°C, the cathode current density is 15A/dm ² , and zinc powder is precipitated at the cathode;

(5) Every 25 minutes, scrape off the zinc powder precipitated on the cathode, add step (3) gained filtrate to the electrolyte at the same time and adjust the zinc ion in the electrolyte to the initial concentration; the zinc powder scraped off is cleaned and vacuumized After drying treatment, recovered zinc powder is obtained.

The zinc powder that present embodiment gained is reclaimed in conjunction with other anode materials (contain following components by weight percentage in the anode material: zinc powder 58.97%, sodium polyacrylate 0.5%, hydroxymethyl cellulose sodium 0.5%, indium hydroxide 0.03 %, Potassium Hydroxide 40%) assembled into AA batteries, its performance meets the national standard: open circuit voltage: 1.58V; 10Ω discharge: 12.6h; 3.9Ω discharge: 4.52h; 1.8Ω pulse: 330 times; 43Ω discharge : 63.1h.

Example 2

(1) Separation and extraction of the negative electrode material: mechanically cut open the shell of the waste alkaline zinc-manganese battery, and take out the negative electrode material;

(2) Leaching: soak the negative electrode material taken out in step (1) in dilute hydrochloric acid at room temperature for 1 hour, stir continuously during the soaking to speed up the dissolution, and obtain a mixture; the mixture is composed of the following components by weight percentage: negative electrode material 40% , HCl 10% and water 50%;

(3) Separating zinc salt or zincate: filtering the mixture obtained in step (2), reclaiming the insoluble matter, and obtaining the filtrate;

(4) Electrolytic production of zinc powder: adjust the filtrate obtained in step (3) into an electrolyte, so that [Zn ²⁺ ] is 0.5M, pH=5; introduce the adjusted leachate into the electrolytic cell, and add polyalcohol surface The active agent is 0.5%, the anode is a platinum plate, the cathode is a zinc plate, electrolysis is carried out at 20-50°C, the cathode current density is 15A/dm ² , and zinc powder is precipitated at the cathode;

(5) Every 15 minutes, scrape off the zinc powder precipitated on the cathode, add the filtrate obtained in step (3) to the electrolyte and adjust the zinc ion in the electrolyte to the initial concentration at the same time; the zinc powder scraped off is cleaned and vacuumized After drying treatment, recovered zinc powder is obtained.

The zinc powder that present embodiment gained is reclaimed in conjunction with other anode materials (contain following components by weight percentage in the anode material: zinc powder 58.97%, sodium polyacrylate 0.5%, hydroxymethyl cellulose sodium 0.5%, indium hydroxide 0.03 %, Potassium Hydroxide 40%) assembled into AA batteries, its performance meets the national standard: open circuit voltage: 1.58V; 10Ω discharge: 12.8h; 3.9Ω discharge: 4.61h; 1.8Ω pulse: 350 times; 43Ω discharge : 63.7h.

Example 3

Example 2

(1) Separation and extraction of the negative electrode material: mechanically cut open the shell of the waste alkaline zinc-manganese battery, and take out the negative electrode material;

(2) Leaching: soak the negative electrode material taken out in step (1) in dilute hydrochloric acid at room temperature for 2h, stir continuously during the soaking to speed up the dissolution, and obtain a mixture; the mixture is composed of the following components by weight percentage: negative electrode material 40% , HCl 10% and water 50%;

(3) Separating zinc salt or zincate: filtering the mixture obtained in step (2), reclaiming the insoluble matter, and obtaining the filtrate;

(4) Electrolytic production of zinc powder: adjust the filtrate obtained in step (3) into an electrolyte so that [Zn ²⁺ ] is 0.7M, pH=5; introduce the adjusted leaching solution into the electrolytic cell, and add polyalcohol surface The active agent is 1%, the anode is a titanium plate, the cathode is a stainless steel plate, electrolysis is carried out at 20-50°C, the cathode current density is 20A/dm ² , and zinc powder is precipitated at the cathode;

(5) Every 10 minutes, scrape off the zinc powder precipitated on the cathode, add step (3) gained filtrate to the electrolyte at the same time and adjust the zinc ion in the electrolyte to the initial concentration; the zinc powder scraped off is cleaned and vacuumized After drying treatment, recovered zinc powder is obtained.

The zinc powder that present embodiment gained is reclaimed in conjunction with other anode materials (contain following components by weight percentage in the anode material: zinc powder 58.97%, sodium polyacrylate 0.5%, hydroxymethyl cellulose sodium 0.5%, indium hydroxide 0.03 %, Potassium Hydroxide 40%) assembled into AA batteries, its performance meets the national standard: open circuit voltage: 1.58V; 10Ω interval discharge: 12.6h; 3.9Ω interval discharge: 4.87h; : 63.9h.

Example 4

(1) Separation and extraction of the negative electrode material: mechanically cut open the shell of the waste alkaline zinc-manganese battery, and take out the negative electrode material;

(2) Leaching: soak the negative electrode material taken out in step (1) in dilute hydrochloric acid at room temperature for 2h, stir continuously during the soaking to speed up the dissolution, and obtain a mixture; the mixture is composed of the following components by weight percentage: negative electrode material 40% , HCl 10% and water 50%;

(3) Separating zinc salt or zincate: filtering the mixture obtained in step (2), reclaiming the insoluble matter, and obtaining the filtrate;

(4) Electrolytic production of zinc powder: adjust the filtrate obtained in step (3) into an electrolyte so that [Zn ²⁺ ] is 0.6M, pH=6; introduce the adjusted leachate into the electrolytic cell, and add polyalcohol surface The active agent is 0.8%, the anode is graphite, the cathode plate is zinc plate, electrolysis is carried out at 20-50°C, the cathode current density is 20A/dm ² , and zinc powder is precipitated at the cathode;

(5) Every 10 minutes, scrape off the zinc powder precipitated on the cathode, add step (3) gained filtrate to the electrolyte at the same time and adjust the zinc ion in the electrolyte to the initial concentration; the zinc powder scraped off is cleaned and vacuumized After drying treatment, recovered zinc powder is obtained.

The zinc powder that present embodiment gained is reclaimed in conjunction with other anode materials (contain following components by weight percentage in the anode material: zinc powder 58.97%, sodium polyacrylate 0.5%, hydroxymethyl cellulose sodium 0.5%, indium hydroxide 0.03 %, Potassium Hydroxide 40%) assembled into AA batteries, its performance meets the national standard: open circuit voltage: 1.59V; 10Ω interval discharge: 12.3h; 3.9Ω interval discharge: 4.97h; : 61.5h.

Example 5

(1) Separation and extraction of the negative electrode material: mechanically cut open the shell of the waste alkaline zinc-manganese battery, and take out the negative electrode material;

(2) Leaching: Soak the negative electrode material taken out in step (1) in sodium hydroxide solution for 2 hours at room temperature, stir continuously during the soaking to accelerate dissolution, and obtain a mixture; the mixture is composed of the following components by weight percentage: negative electrode material 40%, sodium hydroxide 20% and water 70%;

(3) Separating zinc salt or zincate: filtering the mixture obtained in step (2), reclaiming the insoluble matter, and obtaining the filtrate;

(4) Electrolytic zinc powder: adjust the filtrate obtained in step (3) into an electrolyte, so that [Zn ²⁺ ] is 0.1M, and the molar ratio of sodium hydroxide to zinc ions is 15:1; In the electrolytic cell, add 0.2% polyalcohol surfactant, the anode is nickel-plated iron, the cathode plate is stainless steel plate, electrolyze at 20-50°C, the cathode current density is 10A/dm ² , and zinc is precipitated at the cathode pink;

(5) Every 20 minutes, scrape off the zinc powder precipitated on the cathode, add step (3) gained filtrate to the electrolyte at the same time and adjust the zinc ion in the electrolyte to the initial concentration; the zinc powder scraped off is cleaned and vacuumized After drying treatment, recovered zinc powder is obtained.

The zinc powder that present embodiment gained is reclaimed in conjunction with other anode materials (contain following components by weight percentage in the anode material: zinc powder 58.97%, sodium polyacrylate 0.5%, hydroxymethyl cellulose sodium 0.5%, indium hydroxide 0.03 %, Potassium Hydroxide 40%) assembled into AA batteries, its performance meets the national standard: open circuit voltage: 1.56V; 10Ω interval: 12.3h; 3.9Ω interval: 4.59h; 1.8Ω pulse: 381 times; 43Ω interval : 63.2h.

Example 6

(1) Separation and extraction of the negative electrode material: mechanically cut open the shell of the waste alkaline zinc-manganese battery, and take out the negative electrode material;

(2) Leaching: at room temperature, soak the negative electrode material taken out in step (1) in potassium hydroxide solution for 2h, stir continuously during the soaking to accelerate dissolution, and obtain a mixture; the mixture is composed of the following components by weight percentage: negative electrode material 40%, potassium hydroxide 20% and water 70%;

(3) Separating zinc salt or zincate: filtering the mixture obtained in step (2), reclaiming the insoluble matter, and obtaining the filtrate;

(4) Electrolytic zinc powder: adjust the filtrate obtained in step (3) into an electrolyte so that [Zn ²⁺ ] is 0.2M, and the molar ratio of potassium hydroxide to zinc ions is 10:1; Add 0.4% polyalcohol surfactant to the electrolytic cell, use the anode as stainless steel plate, and the cathode plate as stainless steel plate, conduct electrolysis at 20-50°C, the cathode current density is 30A/dm ² , and precipitate zinc powder at the cathode ;

(5) Every 30 minutes, scrape off the zinc powder precipitated on the cathode, add the filtrate obtained in step (3) to the electrolyte and adjust the zinc ion in the electrolyte to the initial concentration at the same time; the zinc powder scraped off is cleaned and vacuumized After drying treatment, recovered zinc powder is obtained.

The zinc powder that present embodiment gained is reclaimed in conjunction with other anode materials (contain following components by weight percentage in the anode material: zinc powder 58.97%, sodium polyacrylate 0.5%, hydroxymethyl cellulose sodium 0.5%, indium hydroxide 0.03 %, Potassium Hydroxide 40%) assembled into AA batteries, its performance meets the national standard: open circuit voltage: 1.59V; 10Ω discharge: 12.6h; 3.9Ω discharge: 4.88h; : 62.9h.

Example 7

(1) Separation and extraction of the negative electrode material: mechanically cut open the shell of the waste alkaline zinc-manganese battery, and take out the negative electrode material;

(2) Leaching: Under room temperature, the negative electrode material taken out of step (1) is soaked in potassium hydroxide solution for 1h, during the soaking period, stirring is constantly accelerated to dissolve, and a mixture is obtained; the mixture is composed of the following components by weight percentage: negative electrode material 40%, potassium hydroxide 20% and water 70%;

(3) Separating zinc salt or zincate: filtering the mixture obtained in step (2), reclaiming the insoluble matter, and obtaining the filtrate;

(4) Electrolytic zinc powder: adjust the filtrate obtained in step (3) into an electrolyte solution, so that [Zn ²⁺ ] is 0.3M, and the molar ratio of potassium hydroxide to zinc ions is 6:1; In the electrolytic cell, add 0.8% polyalcohol surfactant, use graphite as the anode, and stainless steel as the cathode plate, conduct electrolysis at 20-50°C, the cathode current density is 20A/dm ² , and precipitate zinc powder at the cathode;

(5) Every 20 minutes, scrape off the zinc powder precipitated on the cathode, add step (3) gained filtrate to the electrolyte at the same time and adjust the zinc ion in the electrolyte to the initial concentration; the zinc powder scraped off is cleaned and vacuumized After drying treatment, recovered zinc powder is obtained.

The zinc powder that present embodiment gained is reclaimed in conjunction with other anode materials (contain following components by weight percentage in the anode material: zinc powder 58.97%, sodium polyacrylate 0.5%, hydroxymethyl cellulose sodium 0.5%, indium hydroxide 0.03 %, Potassium Hydroxide 40%) assembled into AA batteries, its performance meets the national standard: open circuit voltage: 1.58V; 10Ω interval: 13.1h; 3.9Ω interval: 4.91h; 1.8Ω pulse: 381 times; 43Ω interval : 61.7h.

Example 8

(1) Separation and extraction of the negative electrode material: mechanically cut open the shell of the waste alkaline zinc-manganese battery, and take out the negative electrode material;

(2) Leaching: Under room temperature, the negative electrode material taken out of step (1) is soaked in potassium hydroxide solution for 1h, during the soaking period, stirring is constantly accelerated to dissolve, and a mixture is obtained; the mixture is composed of the following components by weight percentage: negative electrode material 40%, potassium hydroxide 20% and water 70%;

(3) Separating zinc salt or zincate: filtering the mixture obtained in step (2), reclaiming the insoluble matter, and obtaining the filtrate;

(4) Electrolytic zinc powder: adjust the filtrate obtained in step (3) into an electrolyte so that [Zn ²⁺ ] is 0.4M, and the molar ratio of potassium hydroxide to zinc ions is 3:1; In the electrolytic cell, add 1% polyalcohol surfactant, take the anode as titanium plate, and the cathode plate as stainless steel plate, conduct electrolysis at 20-50°C, the cathode current density is 20A/dm ² , and precipitate zinc powder at the cathode ;

(5) Every 10 minutes, scrape off the zinc powder precipitated on the cathode, add step (3) gained filtrate to the electrolyte at the same time and adjust the zinc ion in the electrolyte to the initial concentration; the zinc powder scraped off is cleaned and vacuumized After drying treatment, recovered zinc powder is obtained.

The zinc powder that present embodiment gained is reclaimed in conjunction with other anode materials (contain following components by weight percentage in the anode material: zinc powder 58.97%, sodium polyacrylate 0.5%, hydroxymethyl cellulose sodium 0.5%, indium hydroxide 0.03 %, Potassium Hydroxide 40%) assembled into AA batteries, its performance meets the national standard: open circuit voltage: 1.58V; 10Ω discharge: 12.7h; 3.9Ω discharge: 4.85h; 1.8Ω pulse: 397 times; : 62.1h.

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, Simplifications should be equivalent replacement methods, and all are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A regeneration method of a waste alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery negative electrode material zinc powder is characterized by comprising the following operation steps:

(1) Separating and extracting a negative electrode material: splitting the shell of the waste alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery by a mechanical method, and taking out the negative electrode material;

(2) Leaching: soaking the negative electrode material taken out in the step (1) in dilute hydrochloric acid or strong alkali solution for 1-2 h at room temperature, and continuously stirring and accelerating dissolution during the soaking period to obtain a mixture;

(3) Isolation of zinc salt or zincate: filtering the mixture obtained in the step (2), and recovering insoluble substances to obtain filtrate;

(4) Electrolyzing to prepare zinc powder: adjusting the filtrate obtained in the step (3) into electrolyte, adding polyalcohol surfactant, and electrolyzing at 20-50 ℃ with the cathode current density of 10-30A/dm ² Zinc powder is precipitated at the cathode;

(5) Scraping zinc powder precipitated on the cathode every 10-30 minutes, adding the filtrate obtained in the step (3) into the electrolyte, and adjusting zinc ions in the electrolyte to an initial concentration; and cleaning and drying the scraped zinc powder to obtain the recovered zinc powder.

2. The method for regenerating the negative electrode material zinc powder of the waste alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: soaking the negative electrode material in the step (2) in dilute hydrochloric acid to obtain a mixture, wherein the mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

40 percent of negative electrode material

HCl 10％

And 50% of water.

3. The method for regenerating the negative electrode material zinc powder of the waste alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: soaking the negative electrode material in the step (2) in a strong alkali solution to obtain a mixture, wherein the mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

the negative electrode material is 10%

Strong alkali 20%

70% of water;

the strong base is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.

4. The method for regenerating the negative electrode material zinc powder of the waste alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (4) when the filtrate obtained in the step (4) is acidic, adjusting the concentration of zinc ions to 0.4-0.7M, and adjusting the pH value to 5-6.

5. The method for regenerating the negative electrode material zinc powder of the waste alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: the pH is adjusted by ammonia water.

6. The method for regenerating the negative electrode material zinc powder of the waste alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: when the filtrate obtained in the step (4) is alkaline, the concentration of zinc ions is adjusted to be 0.1-0.4M, and the molar ratio of strong base to zinc ions is 3: 1-15: 1.

7. The method for regenerating the negative electrode material zinc powder of the waste alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the addition amount of the polyalcohol surfactants in the step (4) is 0.2-1% of the mass of the electrolyte.

8. The method for regenerating the negative electrode material zinc powder of the waste alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the cathode current density in the step (4) is 10-30A/dm ² 。

9. The method for regenerating the negative electrode material zinc powder of the waste alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: and (4) adopting a stainless steel plate or a zinc plate as a cathode and graphite, a platinum plate, a titanium plate, a stainless steel plate or a nickel-plated iron plate as an anode for electrolysis.