CN102127470A - Ether-based fuel - Google Patents
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- CN102127470A CN102127470A CN2010100007110A CN201010000711A CN102127470A CN 102127470 A CN102127470 A CN 102127470A CN 2010100007110 A CN2010100007110 A CN 2010100007110A CN 201010000711 A CN201010000711 A CN 201010000711A CN 102127470 A CN102127470 A CN 102127470A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/023—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for spark ignition
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel clean fuel, particularly a clean ether-based fuel. The ether-based fuel provided by the invention comprises dimethyl ether and ethanol. More particularly, the ether-based fuel can only comprise dimethyl ether and ethanol. The ether-based fuel provided by the invention can be substituted for gasoline in automobiles and other vehicles or power units using gasoline engines. The invention also relates to a blended fuel which comprises the ether-based fuel provided by the invention and at least one of other fuels, including gasoline and solvent naphtha.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel clean fuel, particularly, a kind of ether fuel of cleaning.This ether fuel comprises dme and ethanol.More specifically, this ether fuel can only be made up of dme and ethanol.The invention still further relates to a kind of propellant combination, it comprises ether fuel of the present invention and at least a other fuel that is selected from gasoline and the solvent oil.
Background technology
As everyone knows, oil is as a kind of non-renewable resource, plays a part indispensable in the social life of a country and national defense construction.Along with improving constantly of China's living standards of the people, automobile has progressed into common people's family.For example, Beijing has just entered the epoch of 4,000,000 automobiles now.Therefore, along with the increase of automobile pollution, the needs of gasoline are also being increased day by day.The crude production rate of China can not satisfy the flourish needs of domestic economy far away.Now, China becomes crude oil net importer from crude exports state, and most of crude oil of China is dependence on import all.The aggravation of this situation will seriously restrict further developing of China's economy, even can have influence on the national defense safety of China.Therefore, need find a kind ofly to need not to use petroleum, thereby also just need not vehicle fuel from external Imported oil.
In addition, along with popularizing of automobile, a large amount of exhaust emissionss make automobile bringing people's life simultaneously easily in atmospheric environment, also bring people's various diseases, particularly respiratory tract disease.In recent years, motor vehicle exhaust becomes the people's attention focus.In order to reduce the variety of issue that motor vehicle exhaust brings, countries in the world have proposed strict requirement to vehicle exhaust, comprise that there is related request in the U.S., and there is Europe IV standard in Europe, Japan has carried out allegedly the strictest standard, and China also is equivalent to the standard of Europe III or Europe IV in implementation.And each country will be strict further for the requirement of exhaust emissions.For example, each state formulation exhaust emission standard stricter than American National Standard separately agreed by the U.S..State IV standards has been carried out in advance at the eve that hosts the Olympic Games in Beijing, and will carry out state V standard as early as possible.Therefore, need a kind of clean fuel that can substitute present employed motor spirit, this fuel is when satisfying the function of motor spirit, and exhaust emissions is clean environment firendly more.
Benzene is the carcinogens of generally acknowledging, it because evaporation and burning, exhaust emissions enter atmosphere, brings direct influence to human beings'health in gasoline.Therefore, all this index is limited in European Union, Britain, Australia and the Russian gasoline standard, general provision is for being not more than 5% (v/v).According to Beijing's provincial standard, require the content of benzene to be not more than 1.0 volume %.But as environmental requirement, national governments and appropriate authority also may propose stricter restriction.
Aromatic hydrocarbons is a kind of gasoline blender with higher octane and high heating value.But can cause the formation of carcinogens benzene after its burning, and easily increase the carbon deposit of combustion chamber and increase CO
2Discharging.It is generally acknowledged that the content of benzene and other aromatic hydrocarbons is big more in the gasoline, then the benzene content in the products of combustion is big more.Therefore, aromaticity content will help environment because of the discharging that reduces benzene in the tail gas in the reduction gasoline.
China is a big coal country, and coal reserves is very abundant.With the abundant in coal resource conversion is that oil fuel is a research direction always.With coal conversion is ethanol, and dme also is the important directions of present coal utilization.Units such as Shaanxi New-type fuel burner company have worked out ether-base gasoline additive, this additive comprises the dme of 5-37%, the low-carbon alcohol compounds of 10-60%, the C5-10 hydrocarbon compound of 10-50%, the alkylphenol of 0.1-5% is to the alkylphenol of Soxylat A 25-7 and 0.05-0.5%.This additive is mixed with gasoline, can produce ether-base composite gasoline.Chinese invention patent application CN98112948.X has also disclosed a kind of ether-base gasoline additive, and it is made up of following component: 15.5% dme, 42% methyl alcohol, 39% benzene, 3.3% alkylphenol polyoxyethylene and 0.2%2,6-ditertbutylparacresol.Influenced by this, the annual production of China's dme can reach millions of tons at present.Yet above-mentioned two kinds of ether-base gasoline additives are because the production cost height, and all contain a large amount of benzene, make the gasoline that is added with these two kinds of ether-base gasoline additives will can't satisfy in the existing gasoline standard requirement to benzene content at all.And, think that in gasoline adding benzene will inevitably cause also that benzene content sharply raises in the gasoline combustion product, thereby environment and human body are damaged.Now, numerous dme manufacturer is in limited production owing to the product marketing problem or stops production, and waits for the difficult condition of looking around.
Therefore, if can use dme to produce clean fuel, not only do not worry raw material sources, and can solve the present problem of these producers.
Though the standard of methanol gasoline is is now issued and implemented, because the substance characteristics of methyl alcohol makes methanol gasoline still have some problems: the one, methyl alcohol engine cold-start difficulty, burning poor with respect to the volatility of gasolene ingredient, that cause the use methanol gasoline is insufficient; The 2nd, the mutual solubility of methyl alcohol and gasoline is poor, and the quality guaranteed period is short, layering apt to deteriorate; The 3rd, substitute than low (promptly needing to use about 1.6-1.7 part methyl alcohol to substitute 1 part gasoline), the 4th, if do not change engine structure, methanol gasoline burns insufficient in available engine, the dynamic property deficiency.
Ethanol petrol has obtained use in China some areas.Yet there are some problems equally in ethanol petrol, and for example the easy moisture absorption is met water stratification and caused the quality guaranteed period short, substitutes than problem such as low and be short of power.
Therefore, if can use dme to produce clean fuel, not only do not worry raw material sources, and can solve the present problem of these producers.
Summary of the invention
In a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention relates to a kind of ether fuel, it comprises dme and ethanol.
In the preferred implementation of this first aspect, the content of dme is the 4-15 weight part in this ether fuel, and alcoholic acid content is the 85-96 weight part, and wherein dme and alcoholic acid gross weight are 100 weight parts.Further, in this ether fuel, the content of dme is the 8-15 weight part, and alcoholic acid content is the 85-92 weight part, and wherein dme and alcoholic acid gross weight are 100 weight parts.Further, in this ether fuel, the content of dme is the 10-15 weight part, and alcoholic acid content is the 85-90 weight part, and wherein dme and alcoholic acid gross weight are 100 weight parts.
In a kind of embodiment of this first aspect, ether fuel of the present invention is made up of dme and ethanol.
In a kind of embodiment of this first aspect, ether fuel of the present invention is automobile fuel.
In a kind of embodiment of this first aspect, ether fuel of the present invention is gasoline engine fuel.
In a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention relates to a kind of propellant combination, this propellant combination comprise the ether fuel of first aspect present invention and be selected from gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils at least a other fuel.
In the preferred implementation of a second aspect of the present invention, the content of described ether fuel is the 1-99 weight % of described propellant combination gross weight.Further, the content of described ether fuel is the 10-90 weight % of described propellant combination gross weight.Further, the content of described ether fuel is the 30-70 weight % of described propellant combination gross weight.
In the preferred implementation of second aspect present invention, described gasoline is No. 90, No. 93, No. 97, No. 100, No. 103 gasoline (wherein No. 100, No. 103 gasoline are in also not commercial production of China).
In the preferred implementation of second aspect present invention, described gasoline is methanol gasoline or ethanol petrol.
In the preferred implementation of second aspect present invention, wherein in described propellant combination, the content of described No. 180 solvent oils is no more than 20% of described propellant combination gross weight.
In the embodiment of second aspect present invention, this propellant combination by ether fuel of the present invention and be selected from gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils at least a other fuel composition.
Therefore, the present invention includes following embodiment:
1. 1 kinds of ether fuel of mode comprise dme and ethanol.
The ether fuel of mode 2. modes 1, wherein the content of dme is the 4-15 weight part, and alcoholic acid content is the 85-96 weight part, and wherein dme and alcoholic acid gross weight are 100 weight parts.
The ether fuel of mode 3. modes 1, wherein the content of dme is the 8-15 weight part, and alcoholic acid content is the 85-92 weight part, and wherein dme and alcoholic acid gross weight are 100 weight parts.
The ether fuel of mode 4. modes 1, wherein the content of dme is the 10-15 weight part, and alcoholic acid content is the 85-90 weight part, and wherein dme and alcoholic acid gross weight are 100 weight parts.
Each ether fuel of mode 5. mode 1-4, wherein said ether fuel is made up of dme and ethanol.
Each ether fuel of mode 6. mode 1-5, wherein said ether fuel is automobile fuel.
Each ether fuel of mode 7. mode 1-6, wherein said ether fuel is gasoline engine fuel.
8. 1 kinds of propellant combinations of mode, comprise mode 1-7 each ether fuel and be selected from gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils at least a other fuel.
The propellant combination of mode 9. modes 8, the content of wherein said ether fuel are the 1-99 weight % of described propellant combination.
Mode 10. modes 8 or 9 propellant combination, the content of wherein said ether fuel is the 10-90 weight % of described propellant combination.
Each propellant combination of mode 11. mode 8-10, the content of wherein said ether fuel is the 20-80 weight % of described propellant combination.
Each propellant combination of mode 12. mode 8-11, wherein said gasoline is No. 90, No. 93, No. 97, No. 100 or No. 103 gasoline.
Each propellant combination of mode 13. mode 8-12, wherein said gasoline is methanol gasoline or ethanol petrol.
Each propellant combination of mode 14. mode 8-13, wherein in described propellant combination, the content of described No. 180 solvent oils is no more than 20% of described propellant combination gross weight.
Each propellant combination of mode 15. mode 8-14, its by mode 1-7 each ether fuel and be selected from gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils at least a other fuel composition.
Embodiment
The present inventor is through a large amount of test and screening, finds to use to comprise dme and the alcoholic acid New-type fuel solves or part overcomes the problems referred to above of this area unexpectedly.
A first aspect of the present invention
A first aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of novel ether fuel, and this novel ether fuel is based on the fuel of dme.Particularly, this novel ether fuel comprises dme and ethanol.
Novel ether fuel of the present invention does not use petroleum resources, and the gasoline that not only can replace deriving from oil fully acts as a fuel and is used for automotive industry, can also use the ethanol that comes from farm crop as main component.Up to now, can't reckon with that from prior art comprising dme and ethanol can be used as fuel as the composition of main ingredient and use, particularly can be used as vehicle fuel and make and be used for gasoline replacing.Can't reckon with at all that from prior art the ether fuel of being made up of dme and ethanol can replace regular price gasoline to be used for the fuel of automobile fuel or other vehicles or power-equipment fully.
Gasoline is the mixture of C4-C10 alkane normally, and contains benzene and materials such as toluene, aromatic hydrocarbons and alkene.
" gasoline " comprises regular gasoline herein, methanol gasoline and ethanol petrol.
Ether fuel of the present invention does not contain the gasoline main ingredient, and ether fuel promptly of the present invention does not contain the above hydrocarbon of C4, C4-C10 alkane for example, benzene or the like.In this article, " do not contain the above hydrocarbon of C4 " and be meant and do not have a mind to add the above hydrocarbon of C4.
Ether fuel of the present invention mainly comprises dme and ethanol.Generally speaking, in ether fuel of the present invention, the content of dme can be the 4-15 weight part, and alcoholic acid content can be the 85-96 weight part, and wherein dme and alcoholic acid gross weight are 100 weight parts.Preferably, in this ether fuel, the content of dme is the 8-15 weight part, and alcoholic acid content is the 85-92 weight part, and wherein dme and alcoholic acid gross weight are 100 weight parts.More preferably, in this ether fuel, the content of dme is the 10-15 weight part, and alcoholic acid content is the 85-90 weight part, and wherein dme and alcoholic acid gross weight are 100 weight parts.
Below these two kinds of components are described in detail.
Dme is a kind of colourless, tasteless and nontoxic compound.Dme is gas under normal temperature and normal pressure.Its molecular weight is 46, and oxygen level is 35, and air-fuel ratio is 9, and empty combustion heat vale of mixture is higher than diesel oil (3067/2911), and cetane value is 60 (than the high 5-12 of a diesel oil unit), and CO and HC hang down 55% and 86% respectively than gasoline in the exhaust emissions.Therefore, the ratio of combustion gasoline of dme is more complete, and products of combustion is than more environmental protection of gasoline.The combustionproperty of dme and good mechanical property, explosive power is strong, and these performances all are better than methyl tertiary butyl ether.
Ethanol is meant dehydrated alcohol in this application, its oxygen level height (about 35%), and octane value big (ethanol octane is 111, than the high 14-21 of a gasoline unit), pollutant effulent is better than gasoline.The alcoholic acid wide material sources particularly can be by fermentation method by cassava, stalk, particularly corn preparation, and cost is lower.In China, because ethanol petrol obtained using, so ethanol, do not become problem especially for the alcoholic acid supply of fuel.
Dme used in the present invention can be the twice-laid stuff of the discarded recycle of fertilizer plant from coal-based Poly-generation, wide material sources, and with low cost.
Ether fuel of the present invention has the advantage and the high-octane advantage of alcoholic acid of the high cleanburning (thereby high clean emission) of dme simultaneously, therefore, this ether fuel can have octane value height, sufficient combustion, exhaust emission is low, and raw material is easy to get and advantage with low cost.Ether fuel of the present invention can satisfy the every requirement of automobile industry to gasoline, thereby replaces gasoline commonly used to use as the fuel of automobile.
More particularly, ether fuel of the present invention also has self-cleaning characteristics.Do not wish to be subject to concrete theory, the present inventor thinks because ethanol has the good solubility energy, can effectively avoid at positions such as sparking plug, combustion chamber, valve, vapor pipe sourdine formation carbon deposit, prevent that oil circuit from stopping up, and avoid the fault that causes because of carbon deposit and obstruction, so produced automatic cleaning action.Be that ether fuel of the present invention can be finished this self-cleaning function surprisingly under the situation of not adding any additives.
Therefore, ether fuel of the present invention can be realized the effect of clean burning, cleaning discharging and protection vehicle.
Can reach the effect of regulating octane value by regulating dme and alcoholic acid content in the ether fuel.Generally speaking, along with alcoholic acid content reduces, the octane value of ether fuel of the present invention also can decrease.But because the octane value of ethanol itself is very high, therefore, under the situation of not using octane enhancing additive, the octane value of ether fuel of the present invention all can be than higher.
Ether fuel of the present invention can not use any additives, that is to say, ether fuel of the present invention can only be made up of dme and ethanol.Yet, according to the needs of concrete application, also can add other component or additive, so that further improve some performance of gained fuel.
Because novel ether fuel of the present invention is different from conventional oil (for example gasoline and diesel oil), therefore, conventional gasoline dope might not can be used in ether fuel of the present invention.Before the additive with routine is used for ether fuel of the present invention, must at first carry out compatibility test.The consistency here is meant that additive to be used can be dissolved in the ether fuel of the present invention, and can keep stable existence, and does not change the proterties of ether fuel of the present invention.Have only the additive that those and ether fuel of the present invention can be compatible just might be used for ether fuel of the present invention.In addition, should be noted that also the adding of additive can not influence the special performance of ether fuel of the present invention significantly unfriendly, for example cleanliness etc.
The regular price gasoline additive that may be used for ether fuel of the present invention comprises, for example, and catalyzer, burning agent, antioxidant, ignition dope, purification agent, octane promoter, metal passivator, inhibiter, deicing agent, anticorrosive agent, smoke suppressor or the like.Through compatibility test after the assay was approved, these additives can be joined in the ether fuel of the present invention, condition is that the special performance that does not significantly influence ether fuel of the present invention unfriendly gets final product.The combination that also can add additive in ether fuel of the present invention, condition are that the special performance that does not significantly influence ether fuel of the present invention unfriendly gets final product.
The contriver finds by a large amount of tests, some commercially available additive product can be used for ether fuel of the present invention, the ethanol gasoline detergent produced of petrochemical industry research institute for example, additive products such as the octane promoter that many fuel of ether therewith such as fuel economizing purification agent that Si Te oil-saving agent factory in Xinxiang, Henan produces can be compatible, catalyzer, burning agent, antioxidant, ignition dope, metal passivator, inhibiter, deicing agent, anticorrosive agent, smoke suppressor.
More particularly, the present inventor is through number of research projects, against expectation find in ether fuel of the present invention, to add 2, the 6-ditertbutylparacresol is as antioxidant, the colloid that can reduce ether fuel of the present invention autoxidation and produce, delay oxidized, prolong and guarantee the quality the time.When ether fuel of the present invention contains 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol, 2, the content of 6-ditertbutylparacresol can be the 0.005-0.05 weight part, preferred 0.008-0.02 weight part, 0.009-0.012 weight part most preferably is based on the dme and the ethanol total amount of 100 weight parts.
The present inventor finds, if contain the trimethyl carbinol in the ether fuel of the present invention, then can further improve the function and the effect of this ether fuel.In ether fuel, the trimethyl carbinol can play boosting of octane rating, improve effects such as combustionproperty and alleviation ethanol moisture absorption.The preferred content of the trimethyl carbinol is the 0.5-2 weight part, and preferred 0.9-1.1 weight part is based on the dme and the ethanol total amount of 100 weight parts.
Though ether fuel of the present invention has automatic cleaning action, but be the cleaning action that further strengthens ether fuel of the present invention, further increase the cleaning of oil piping system and the generation that reduces carbon on engine, ether fuel of the present invention can also contain purification agent.The contriver finds, preferably adds succimide in ether fuel of the present invention.Succimide can play the greasy filth of removing vaporizer and crankcase system and the effect of carbon distribution, minimizing is to the pollution of atmospheric environment, reduce the discharging of CO, reduce the discharging of HC, can also reduce the wearing and tearing of oil pump and oil nozzle, prevent the spark plug coking, and the power of engine is provided, thereby save energy, and improve fuel economy.In ether fuel of the present invention, be 100 weight parts in dme and alcoholic acid gross weight, the content of succimide can be the 0.005-0.02 weight part, preferably, the content of succimide is the 0.008-0.012 weight part.
The contriver also finds surprisingly, in ether fuel of the present invention, contain the trimethyl carbinol, succimide and 2 simultaneously, in the time of the 6-ditertbutylparacresol, these three kinds of additives can provide synergy, make that ether fuel mass of the present invention is more stable, the burning of fuel more fully, engine operating safety and power abundance.
Method for preparation ether fuel of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can obtain ether fuel of the present invention by the chemical field routine techniques.The preparation of ether fuel of the present invention is included under the situation that comprises optional additive, the adding of optional additive, and dme and alcoholic acid mixing.Generally speaking, additive can be joined in the ethanol, and then mix with dme.Yet, also can carry out dme and alcoholic acid earlier and mix, and then add optional additive.For the back adds optional additive, stir if desired, then should slowly stir.For dme and alcoholic acid mixing, can adopt absorption column of gas to obtain this mixing usually.Adopting absorption column of gas to carry out liquid, thereby the absorption of gas is obtained liquid is the routine techniques of chemical field with mixing of gas.The acquisition of ether fuel of the present invention is to adopt the method for physical absorption to obtain, and only relates to the absorption of ethanol to dme.Generally speaking, select counter-current absorption usually, finish the preparation of ether fuel of the present invention.The present invention does not have any restriction for the selection on absorption tower, can select packing tower, tray column.Equally without any restriction, the chemical engineering technicians is in the face of ethanol during to these specific purposes of absorption of gas of dimethyl ether for acceptance condition in the present invention, can be according to the basic chemical industry principle, and required relative content is selected absorption tower and acceptance condition.Usually, conventional normal temperature absorbs and can finish the absorption of ethanol to dme.
This absorption process can be summarized as follows: make gas of dimethyl ether enter from the bottom, absorption tower through measuring fixed amount equipment (as gas distributor); Meanwhile, make ethanol (perhaps being pre-mixed the ethanol of optional additive) add from cat head, gas-liquid two-phase is countercurrent flow in the absorption tower, and directly and fully contacts, and makes gas of dimethyl ether be absorbed by ethanol.According to the selection on absorption tower and the difference of efficient thereof, can adopt one way to absorb or the circulation absorption.For circulation absorbs, can will get back to cat head and be incorporated in the tower from the ethanol that contains dme that comes out at the bottom of the tower (and the optional additive that contains) conveying again, the gas that cat head is come out is carried again and is got back at the bottom of the tower and be incorporated in the tower, repeats the absorption process of gas of dimethyl ether thus.This multiple absorption can carry out repeatedly as required.Yet those skilled in the art also can know, the one way by the absorption tower absorbs and just can basically dme be dissolved in the ethanol, obtain required dme content and need not multiple absorption.
The stability of ether fuel of the present invention is higher than regular gasoline far away.This can be proved from inductive phase and the gum level after the ether fuel long storage time of the present invention.
The present inventor finds that ether fuel of the present invention has elevated oxygen level, low-steam pressure, low-sulfur, low benzene, low aromatic hydrocarbons and unleaded advantage.Ether fuel of the present invention can be used for existing vehicle, and need not to change engine structure.
A second aspect of the present invention
In a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention relates to a kind of propellant combination, comprise ether fuel of the present invention and other fuel, for example at least a in gasoline and the solvent oil.Propellant combination of the present invention also can be used for the fuel of automobile fuel or other vehicles or power-equipment.
The situation that other fuel is respectively gasoline, solvent oil or its combination describes below.
Other fuel is gasoline
The contriver finds, the ether fuel of the present invention use that can act as a fuel separately is used for engine, particularly petrol engine.Therefore, ether fuel of the present invention fully gasoline replacing be used for automobile fuel.Yet also gasoline that ether fuel of the present invention and routine can be used, and even methanol gasoline or ethanol petrol mix use, are used for the fuel of automobile fuel or other vehicles or power-equipment.Therefore, propellant combination of the present invention can comprise the ether fuel and the gasoline of first aspect present invention.
When ether fuel of the present invention and gasoline were mixed, the blending ratio of ether fuel of the present invention and gasoline can be regulated arbitrarily as required.
Generally speaking, in the propellant combination that comprises gasoline of second aspect present invention, the content of ether fuel of the present invention can be for 1-99 weight %, based on the gross weight of propellant combination.Preferably, the content of ether fuel of the present invention can be 10-90 weight %, and more preferably 30-70 weight % is based on the gross weight of propellant combination.Preferably, the content of gasoline should be 90-10 weight %, more preferably 70-30 weight % mutually.
The gasoline that can be used for second aspect present invention can be for example regular gasoline, and methanol gasoline or ethanol petrol, particularly motor spirit.The label of these gasoline can be for example No. 90, No. 93, No. 97, No. 100, No. 103.
In this application, regular gasoline is meant and does not add dme, methyl alcohol or alcoholic acid gasoline.Methanol gasoline and ethanol petrol are meant respectively and have added methyl alcohol or alcoholic acid gasoline.Owing to added ethanol in the ethanol petrol, when ether fuel of the present invention and ethanol petrol were mixed use, the ethanol that has in the ethanol petrol can change the dme and the proportion of ethanol of ether fuel of the present invention.Therefore,,, need to consider the ethanol content in the ethanol petrol, finally determine the blending ratio of ether fuel of the present invention and ethanol petrol according to actual conditions and purposes ether fuel of the present invention and ethanol petrol being mixed when using.Perhaps, ether fuel of the present invention and ethanol petrol are being mixed when using, according to actual conditions and purposes, need to consider the ethanol content in the ethanol petrol, can not cause that dme and alcoholic acid content ratio depart from scope of the present invention in the ether fuel of the present invention so that guarantee in the ethanol petrol that alcoholic acid is introduced.Generally speaking, in order to make the dme content of ether fuel of the present invention be in the preferable range of 4-15 (for example 5-10) weight part (with the total of 100 parts by weight of ethanol and dme), when using ethanol petrol, the blending ratio of ethanol petrol should not surpass 50%.
For example, when ethanol petrol contains the ethanol of 15 weight %, mix the ratio that should consider the dme that uses when using, guarantee the fuel performance of mixed propellant combination, then the blending ratio of ethanol petrol should not surpass 50% of ether fuel of the present invention.
Generally speaking, ether fuel of the present invention can be mixed with arbitrary proportion with regular gasoline.Preferably, ether fuel of the present invention and regular gasoline are mixed with 10: 90 to 90: 10 part by weight.More preferably, ether fuel of the present invention and regular gasoline are mixed with 20: 80 to 80: 20 part by weight.More preferably, ether fuel of the present invention and regular gasoline are mixed with 30: 70 to 70: 30 part by weight.
When the blending ratio of ether fuel is up to 80%, i.e. 80 weight parts ether fuel of the present invention and the regular gasoline (for example No. 90 gasoline) of 20 weight parts when mixing, resulting propellant combination steady quality, can normal temperature preserve 1 year not stratified.
The method that contains the propellant combination of gasoline for acquisition is not specifically limited.Can obtain propellant combination by ether fuel of the present invention is mixed with gasoline.For example, ether fuel of the present invention can be joined in the gasoline, perhaps gasoline be joined in the ether fuel of the present invention, perhaps ether fuel of the present invention and gasoline be joined in the independent container simultaneously, and mix, obtain propellant combination.Can use to stir slowly and promote to mix.
As mentioned above, because the octane value of ether fuel of the present invention is higher,, therefore, can use ether fuel of the present invention to improve the label of regular gasoline usually more than 100.For example, can use ether fuel of the present invention to make No. 90 gasoline or No. 93 gasoline reach the standard of No. 93 or No. 97 gasoline respectively.
In addition, use ether fuel of the present invention can also improve the stability of regular gasoline.Generally speaking, the stability of commercially available regular gasoline is good inadequately.With ether fuel of the present invention and commercially available regular gasoline compounding, can improve the inductive phase of regular gasoline and reduce gum level.
, perhaps mix with methanol gasoline or ethanol petrol when using with 30% ratio and regular gasoline at ether fuel of the present invention, can also reach the effect that improves power and fuel saving with 20% ratio.Under the engine working conditions of same operating mode, the saving ratio of fuel can be up to more than 10%.Use ether fuel of the present invention and gasoline to be mixed, alternative ratio can be brought up to 0.7 to 1 (the alternative ratio of ethanol petrol is 1.6-1.7).Here, alternative ratio is meant the ethanol petrol of a regular gasoline needs of replacement or the weight part of ether fuel of the present invention.And, use ether fuel of the present invention, can be so that the exhaust emissions amount reduce greatly, thus excellent environment protecting is provided.
Other fuel is solvent oil
Other fuel that is used for the propellant combination of second aspect present invention also can be No. 180 solvent oils.Therefore, propellant combination of the present invention can comprise ether fuel and No. 180 solvent oils of first aspect present invention.
Solvent oil in petroleum industry, generally is meant the gasoline as solvent, comprises that catalytic reforming is raffinated oil or the straight run wet goods makes low octane rating and as the oils of solvent through fractionation or other method for refining.According to different purposes, rubber solvent naphtha is arranged, extract solvent oil and industrial solvent.In this application, solvent oil is meant refinery oil refining process front end, and promptly temperature is that 30-70 ℃ lightweight distillates composition.General petroleum spirit usually by its 98% recovered temperature or do 100% recovered temperature) be divided into the trades mark such as 70,90,120,180,190,200.
Preferably use solvent oil in this application No. 180, claim the aviation washing oil again, its refining degree is darker, and boiling range is 40～180 ℃.Use No. 180 solvent oil: the one, compatibility is good, the 2nd, and cost is low, the 3rd, and available octane value component and high volatile volatile material are arranged.
Generally speaking, in propellant combination of the present invention, the ratio of ether fuel and No. 180 solvent oils can be arbitrary proportion.Preferably, the part by weight of ether fuel and No. 180 solvent oils is 90: 10, and more preferably, the part by weight of ether fuel of the present invention and No. 180 solvent oils is 80: 20.
When the blending ratio of ether fuel was up to 80%, promptly No. 180 oil miscible solvents of 80 weight parts ether fuel of the present invention and 20 weight parts were fashionable, resulting propellant combination steady quality, can normal temperature preserve 1 year not stratified.
The propellant combination that comprises ether fuel of the present invention and No. 180 solvent oils can be used as fuel, and particularly octane value reaches the fuel that can be used as automobile fuel or other vehicles or power-equipment more than No. 90.
Method for the propellant combination that obtains to contain No. 180 solvent oils and ether fuel of the present invention is not specifically limited.Can obtain propellant combination by ether fuel of the present invention is mixed with No. 180 solvent oils.For example, ether fuel of the present invention can be joined in No. 180 solvent oils, perhaps solvent oil be joined in the ether fuel of the present invention, perhaps ether fuel of the present invention and No. 180 solvent oils be joined in the independent container simultaneously, and mix, obtain propellant combination.Can use slow stirring to promote to mix.
Other fuel is the combination of gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils
Propellant combination of the present invention also can comprise the combination of gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils except ether fuel of the present invention.
All has compatibility between ether fuel of the present invention and this two kinds of other fuel and between these two kinds of other fuel.Therefore, even ether fuel of the present invention and this two kinds of other fuel are used simultaneously, also can be used as the fuel of the vehicles or power-equipment, for example the fuel of motor car engine.Comprise the situation of the combination of gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils for propellant combination of the present invention, only comprise gasoline with top independent argumentation or No. 180 solvent oil conditions are similar.But because the octane value of No. 180 solvent oils is lower, the content of preferred No. 180 solvent oils is no more than 20 weight % of propellant combination gross weight.
Method for the propellant combination of combination that obtains to comprise gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils and ether fuel of the present invention is not specifically limited.Can obtain propellant combination by combined hybrid with ether fuel of the present invention and gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils.For example, ether fuel of the present invention, gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils all can be joined in the independent container, and mix, obtain propellant combination.Can use slow stirring to promote to mix.
To adopt specific embodiment to further describe the present invention below.Yet the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of these specific embodiments.
Embodiment
The raw material that adopts in following examples is as follows:
Dehydrated alcohol, content are greater than 99.7%, from the Beijing Chemical Plant
Dme, content are 99.5%, from Ji, Hebei spring dme Development Co., Ltd
2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol is available from chemical reagent company limited of traditional Chinese medicines group
The trimethyl carbinol, content are greater than 99%, available from chemical reagent company limited of traditional Chinese medicines group
Succimide, content are 98.8-100.5%, available from chemical reagent company limited of traditional Chinese medicines group
Ether fuel embodiment 1
In conventional absorption tower, according to the counter-current absorption method, absorption of dimethyl ether in ethanol, is obtained the ethanolic soln that dme concentration is 5 weight %, thereby obtain ether fuel 1.
Ether fuel embodiment 2
Embodiment 1 is identical with ether fuel, in above-mentioned absorption tower, according to the counter-current absorption method, absorption of dimethyl ether in methyl alcohol, is obtained the ethanolic soln that dme concentration is 9 weight %, thereby obtains ether fuel 2.
Ether fuel embodiment 3
Embodiment 1 is identical with ether fuel, in above-mentioned absorption tower, according to the counter-current absorption method, absorption of dimethyl ether in methyl alcohol, is obtained the ethanolic soln that dme concentration is 12 weight %, thereby obtains ether fuel 3.
Ether fuel embodiment 4
Embodiment 1 is identical with ether fuel, in above-mentioned absorption tower, according to the counter-current absorption method, absorption of dimethyl ether in methyl alcohol, is obtained the ethanolic soln that dme concentration is 15 weight %, thereby obtains ether fuel 4.
Ether fuel embodiment 5
1g 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol, 1g succimide and the 100g trimethyl carbinol are joined in the ether fuel 1 that 10kg makes as mentioned above, and gentle agitation obtains ether fuel 5.
Propellant combination embodiment 1
In transparent vessel, No. 90 motor spirit of above-mentioned ether fuel 1 of 200g and 1800g (production of Beijing company of China Petrochemical Industry) are mixed according to 10: 90 part by weight, obtain propellant combination 1.
Propellant combination embodiment 2
In transparent vessel, No. 90 motor spirit of above-mentioned ether fuel 2 of 400g and 1600g (production of Beijing company of China Petrochemical Industry) are mixed according to 20: 80 part by weight, obtain propellant combination 2.
Propellant combination embodiment 3
In transparent vessel, No. 90 motor spirit of above-mentioned ether fuel 3 of 600g and 1400g (production of Beijing company of China Petrochemical Industry) are mixed according to 30: 70 part by weight, obtain propellant combination 3.
Propellant combination embodiment 4
In transparent vessel, No. 90 motor spirit of above-mentioned ether fuel 4 of 1000g and 1000g (production of Beijing company of China Petrochemical Industry) are mixed according to 50: 50 part by weight, obtain propellant combination 4.
Propellant combination embodiment 5
In transparent vessel, No. 90 motor spirit of above-mentioned ether fuel 2 of 1400g and 600g (production of Beijing company of China Petrochemical Industry) are mixed according to 70: 30 part by weight, obtain propellant combination 5.
Propellant combination embodiment 6
In transparent vessel, No. 90 motor spirit of above-mentioned ether fuel 1 of 1600g and 400g (production of Beijing company of China Petrochemical Industry) are mixed according to 80: 20 part by weight, obtain propellant combination 6.
Propellant combination embodiment 7
In transparent vessel, No. 90 motor spirit of above-mentioned ether fuel 2 of 1800g and 200g (production of Beijing company of China Petrochemical Industry) are mixed according to 90: 10 part by weight, obtain propellant combination 7.
Propellant combination embodiment 8
In transparent vessel, above-mentioned ether fuel 1 of 400g and the part by weight of No. 90 ethanol petrols of 1600g (commercially available ethanol petrol, ethanol content are 10%) according to 20: 80 are mixed, obtain propellant combination 8.
Propellant combination embodiment 9
In transparent vessel, above-mentioned ether fuel 2 of 1100g and the part by weight of 900g90 methanol gasoline (commercial methanol gasoline, methanol content are 15%) according to 55: 45 are mixed, obtain propellant combination 9.
Propellant combination embodiment 10
In transparent vessel, No. 180 solvent oils of above-mentioned ether fuel 2 of 1600g and 400g (buying in chemical plant, the East Sea, Beijing) are mixed according to 80: 20 part by weight, obtain propellant combination 10.
Propellant combination embodiment 11
In transparent vessel, No. 90 motor spirit of above-mentioned ether fuel 5 of 1600g and 400g (production of Beijing company of China Petrochemical Industry) are mixed according to 80: 20 part by weight, obtain propellant combination 11.
Propellant combination embodiment 12
In transparent vessel, No. 90 motor spirit of above-mentioned ether fuel 1 of 1600g and 200g (production of Beijing company of China Petrochemical Industry) and No. 180 solvent oils of 200g (buying in chemical plant, the East Sea, Beijing) are mixed, obtain propellant combination 12.
The storage characteristics test
1. the above-mentioned ether fuel 1-5 that will prepare, the airtight separately preservation of propellant combination 1-12, in the envrionment temperature standing over night, visual observation is not found demixing phenomenon then.
2. above-mentioned ether fuel 1-5, the propellant combination 1-12 that will prepare respectively get 500g, and airtight then preservation is preserved 1 month after-vision in envrionment temperature and observed, and does not find demixing phenomenon.
Octane value is measured
According to GB/T 5487 testing octane number of gasoline methods (organon), ether fuel 1-5 and the blend gasoline fuel 1-12 that obtains above carried out the octane value measurement, measuring result is shown in Table 1.
Stability test
The above-mentioned ether fuel 1-5 and the propellant combination 1-12 that prepare were placed 1 month under envrionment conditions, measure gum level according to GB/T8019 then, and measure inductive phase according to GB/T8018, measuring result is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Table 1 (continuing)
| The embodiment numbering | Component | Octane value (RON) | Gum level (mg/100mL) | Inductive phase (minute) |
| Propellant combination 1 | Ether fuel 1,200g | 93 | 3 | 1000 |
| No. 90 motor spirit, 1800g | ||||
| Propellant combination 2 | Ether fuel 2,400g; No. 90 motor spirit, 1600g | ?95 | 3 | 1000 |
| Propellant combination 3 | Ether fuel 3,600g; No. 90 motor spirit, 1400g | ?97 | 3 | 1000 |
| Propellant combination 4 | Ether fuel 4,1000g; No. 90 motor spirit, 1000g | ?＞100 | 2 | 1300 |
| Propellant combination 5 | Ether fuel 2,1400g; No. 90 motor spirit, 600g | ?＞100 | 1 | 1300 |
| Propellant combination 6 | Ether fuel 1,1600g; No. 90 motor spirit, 400g | ?＞100 | 1 | 1500 |
| Propellant combination 7 | Ether fuel 2,1800g; No. 90 motor spirit, 200g | ?＞100 | 1 | 1500 |
| Propellant combination 8 | Ether fuel 1,400g; No. 90 ethanol petrols, 1600g | ?95 | 3 | 1000 |
| Propellant combination 9 | Ether fuel 2,1100g; No. 90 methanol gasolines, 900g | ?95 | 2 | 1000 |
| Propellant combination 10 | Ether fuel 2,1600g; No. 180 solvent oils, 400g | ?93 | 1 | 1000 |
| Propellant combination 11 | Ether fuel 5,1600g; No. 90 motor spirit, 400g | ?97 | 1 | 1000 |
| Propellant combination 12 | Ether fuel 1,1600g; No. 90 motor spirit, No. 180 solvent oils of 200g, 200g | ?97 | 1 | 1000 |
A: also contain 0.01% the 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol of having an appointment, about 0.01% succimide and about 1% the trimethyl carbinol in the ether fuel 5.
2 kilometers test run(s)s of vehicle
The fuel tank gasoline of Song Hua River automobile (Dongan 462 engines) is drained, above-mentioned ether fuel 1-5 and blend gasoline fuel 1-12 are respectively asked for 2 kilograms and put into fuel tank.Ignition trigger, the examination combustion was carried out 2 kilometers trial runs (road conditions are motorway, and average speed per hour is about 80 kilometers/hour) after 10 minutes.With above-mentioned operation result and the situation of employing No. 90 motor spirit (production of Beijing company of China Petrochemical Industry) when moving this automobile, compare according to following item compared 1-4.This item compared 1-3 adopts to have driver's subjective sensation of 10 year driving age to judge.Project 4 adopts all discharges remaining fuel from fuel tank, and weigh, thereby calculates oil consumption.
Item compared:
1. engine combustion situation
2. running state of the vehicle
3. whether vapor pipe discharges visible impurity (for example, black smoke etc.) (need the lengthening vapor pipe this moment, make the officer can see the tail gas from emission by exhaust pipe).
4. how oil consumption compares the result with regular gasoline
Above-mentioned comparative result is listed in the table 2.
In " engine combustion situation " one row of table 2, " ◎ " expression engine combustion situation and No. 90 motor spirit are quite or more excellent; " * " expression engine combustion situation is inferior to motor spirit No. 90.
In " running state of the vehicle " one row of table 2, " ◎ " expression running state of the vehicle and No. 90 motor spirit are quite or more excellent; " * " expression running state of the vehicle is inferior to motor spirit No. 90.
In " whether vapor pipe discharges visible impurity " row of table 2, visible impurity is not discharged in " ◎ " expression; The visible impurity of " * " expression discharging.
In " how oil consumption compares the result with gasoline " one row of table 2, " ◎ " expression oil consumption and No. 90 motor spirit are quite or more excellent; " * " expression oil consumption is inferior to motor spirit No. 90.
The test of vehicle long distance running
Ether fuel 1-5 above repeating and the test preparation of propellant combination 1-12, difference is that the consumption of each component all is increased to 20 times of former consumption, carry out 600 kilometers long distance test (DT)s for use in identical Song Hua River automobile, and (engine model: the A62.4 of Audi discharge capacity motorcar engine is V-type 6 cylinders/6 valve electric controlled multi-point jet engine fuels to be used for the A6 of Audi.) carry out the test of 800 kilometers long distance runnings.And, estimate Vehicular behavior according to top method.The highway section, expressway is adopted in the long distance running test, and average speed per hour is 100 kilometers/hour.Evaluation result is shown in Table 2.The contriver finds when adopting ether fuel of the present invention and propellant combination to carry out above-mentioned test run(s), all obtained consistent identical good result for short range, long distance and different car category, therefore, all results of the test run(s) above the result in the following table 2 has represented.
Table 2
From the result of table 1 and table 2 as can be seen, ether fuel of the present invention and the propellant combination that contains ether fuel of the present invention can be used for various motor spirit engines, and oil consumption is identical with marketable gasolines or lower.The result of table 1 and table 2 has confirmed that also ether fuel of the present invention can use separately, also can mix use with various gasoline.The result of table 1 has confirmed that equally ether fuel octane number of the present invention is higher, and major part has all surpassed 100.And ether fuel of the present invention can be used for improving the octane value of regular gasoline or methanol gasoline or ethanol petrol, and improves the stability of regular gasoline or ethanol or methanol gasoline.Widen the vehicle fuel scope.
Detection of fuel
Above-mentioned ether fuel 1-5 and propellant combination 1-12 are carried out boiling range, copper corrosion and lead content detection.Wherein boiling range detects and carries out according to GB/T6536, and copper corrosion detects to be carried out according to GB/T5096, and lead content detects GB/T8020 to carry out.Detected result is shown in the following table 3.
Table 3
Table 3 (continuing)
Table 3 (continuing)
Table 3 (continuing)
From the result of table 3 as can be seen, ether fuel of the present invention and the every index of propellant combination that contains ether fuel of the present invention all obtain good result.
Emission detections
According to GB 18285-2005, use the SQR7080 of Cherry automobile (engine model is SQR372FD) that above-mentioned ether fuel 1-5 and propellant combination 1-12 are carried out the exhaust emissions measurement, result shown in the table is three mean values of measuring.
Measuring result is shown in the following table 4.
Table 4
Table 4 (continuing)
Table 4 (continuing)
Table 4 (continuing)
As can be seen from Table 4, use ether fuel of the present invention and propellant combination, tail gas discharging pollutant is starkly lower than the national standard of China.
Ether fuel of the present invention has the octane value height, increases dynamic property, and energy consumption is low, the cleanliness height, and versatility is good, long quality-guarantee period, advantages such as wide material sources.Because the octane value height, ether fuel of the present invention is applicable to high compression engine more, thereby increases dynamic property.Generally speaking, ether fuel of the present invention is because the octane value height, and can add raising calorific value component in preparation, under the situation of vehicle being done accommodation (reduce air inlet, adjust ignition advance angle), specific consumption reduces by 5%, with the miscible burning of mixing of gasoline, specific consumption reduces more than 10%.Ether fuel of the present invention is high oxygenated fuel, because burning fully, can make automotive pollutant emission CO, CO2+HC reduce 50%-80%, carcinogens benzene and sulphur emissions coefficient are 0.Simultaneously can effectively remove vehicle fuel feeding, firing system carbon distribution, prolong the work-ing life of engine.The versatility of ether fuel of the present invention is good, not changing under engine structure and the parameter situation, can directly use; And the contriver finds turning air door down, adjusts under the situation of ignition advance angle, can further improve the power of engine, and steady running.Carry out any ratio with gasoline and mix burning.Be more than a times of GB gasoline the inductive phase of ether fuel of the present invention.Can steady in a long-termly preserve, can make storage, transportation, sell and use the link required time to prolong.
Claims (10)
1. an ether fuel comprises dme and ethanol.
2. the ether fuel of claim 1, wherein the content of dme is the 4-15 weight part, and alcoholic acid content is the 85-96 weight part, and wherein dme and alcoholic acid gross weight are 100 weight parts.
3. the ether fuel of claim 1, wherein the content of dme is the 8-15 weight part, and alcoholic acid content is the 85-92 weight part, and wherein dme and alcoholic acid gross weight are 100 weight parts.
4. the ether fuel of claim 1, wherein the content of dme is the 10-15 weight part, and alcoholic acid content is the 85-90 weight part, and wherein dme and alcoholic acid gross weight are 100 weight parts.
5. each ether fuel of claim 1-4, wherein said ether fuel is made up of dme and ethanol.
6. each ether fuel of claim 1-5, wherein said ether fuel is automobile fuel.
7. each ether fuel of claim 1-6, wherein said ether fuel is gasoline engine fuel.
8. propellant combination, comprise claim 1-7 each ether fuel and be selected from gasoline and No. 180 solvent oils at least a other fuel.
9. the propellant combination of claim 8, the content of wherein said ether fuel is the 1-99 weight % of described propellant combination.
10. claim 8 or 9 propellant combination, the content of wherein said ether fuel is the 10-90 weight % of described propellant combination.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010000711.0A CN102127470B (en) | 2010-01-15 | 2010-01-15 | Ether-base fuel |
| PCT/CN2011/070124 WO2011085662A1 (en) | 2010-01-15 | 2011-01-10 | Ether-based fuel |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010000711.0A CN102127470B (en) | 2010-01-15 | 2010-01-15 | Ether-base fuel |
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| CN102127470B CN102127470B (en) | 2016-03-23 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103820173A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2014-05-28 | 东莞市久能二甲醚应用技术专利有限公司 | Biomass alcohol ether engine fuel |
| CN106190348A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-12-07 | 桂林福冈新材料有限公司 | A kind of ether-base fuel |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US6324827B1 (en) * | 1997-07-01 | 2001-12-04 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Method of generating power in a dry low NOx combustion system |
| CN1618933A (en) * | 2003-11-20 | 2005-05-25 | 闵恩泽 | Low sulfur eleaning fuel capable of substituting petroleum oil |
-
2010
- 2010-01-15 CN CN201010000711.0A patent/CN102127470B/en active Active
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2011
- 2011-01-10 WO PCT/CN2011/070124 patent/WO2011085662A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103820173A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2014-05-28 | 东莞市久能二甲醚应用技术专利有限公司 | Biomass alcohol ether engine fuel |
| CN106190348A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-12-07 | 桂林福冈新材料有限公司 | A kind of ether-base fuel |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| WO2011085662A1 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
| CN102127470B (en) | 2016-03-23 |
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