CN102053419B - Liquid crystal shutter slit grating - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a liquid crystal shutter slit grating, which comprises a first grating substrate and a second grating substrate which are boxed together and a liquid crystal is interposed therebetween. The first grating substrate and the second grating substrate respectively include The grating layer, alignment film and polarizer on the first grating substrate are relatively staggered from the grating layer on the second grating substrate. The grating layer is formed on the substrate and is composed of transparent conductive strips with the same width arranged in sequence. The transparent conductive strips on the first grating substrate are opposite to the transparent conductive strips on the second grating substrate, and along the transparent conductive strips The vertical directions of the conductive strips are relatively staggered. The present invention adopts a structure in which the width of the transparent conductive strip is the same and the transparent conductive strips on the two grating substrates are dislocated. The resistance of the transparent conductive strip improves the product quality.

Description

LCD Shutter Slit Grating

technical field

The invention relates to a stereoscopic display device, in particular to a liquid crystal shutter slit grating.

Background technique

Autostereoscopic display technology refers to a display technology that can observe stereoscopic effects without eyes, and the core component to realize autostereoscopic display is grating. In the prior art, lens grating and slit grating are two main technologies. Among them, the slit grating can be divided into black and white strip slit grating and liquid crystal shutter slit grating. The liquid crystal shutter slit grating can not only be used for stereoscopic display, but also switch between two-dimensional (2D) display and three-dimensional (3D) display.

The liquid crystal shutter slit grating is a kind of TN mode liquid crystal panel. When it is powered on, it displays black stripes, and the adjacent black stripes can transmit light, forming a slit grating with black and white stripe intervals, which can realize three-dimensional display; when it is not powered on, the overall transparency light for two-dimensional display. FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal shutter slit grating in the prior art. As shown in FIG. 4 , the prior art liquid crystal shutter slit grating includes a first grating substrate 10 and a second grating substrate 20 that are boxed together and a liquid crystal 30 is interposed therebetween. Each grating substrate includes a substrate 1 and a grating layer 2. , alignment film 3 and polarizer 4, the grating layer 2 is formed on the substrate 1, is made up of wider wide transparent conductive strips and narrower narrow transparent conductive strips, wide transparent conductive strips and narrow transparent conductive strips are arranged in sequence and periodically Arranged, the wide transparent conductive strips and the narrow transparent conductive strips are insulated from each other. The wide transparent conductive strips on the first grating substrate 10 and the second grating substrate 20 are arranged oppositely, and the narrow transparent conductive strips are also arranged oppositely. An alignment film 3 is formed on the grating layer 2 , and polarizers are disposed on the outside of each substrate 1 .

Fig. 5 is a working schematic diagram of the liquid crystal shutter slit grating in the prior art. As shown in Figure 5, when the wide transparent conductive strips and the narrow transparent conductive strips on the first grating substrate 10 and the second grating substrate 20 are input with the same voltage (such as 0V), the liquid crystal does not deflect, and the wide transparent conductive strips and the narrow transparent conductive strips The corresponding positions of the transparent conductive strips are in the light-transmitting state, and the entire liquid crystal shutter slit grating is in the light-transmitting state, which can be used for two-dimensional display. When the wide transparent conductive strips on the first grating substrate 10 and the second grating substrate 20 input different voltages, and the narrow transparent conductive strips on the first grating substrate 10 and the second grating substrate 20 input the same voltage, the wide transparent conductive strips The liquid crystal at the corresponding position is deflected, and the display is black. The liquid crystal at the corresponding position of the narrow transparent conductive strip is not deflected, and it is in a light-transmitting state. The entire liquid crystal shutter slit grating is a grating with light-transmitting bands and light-shielding bands set at intervals, forming a black and white slit grating , which can be used for 3D display.

In practical applications, since the width of the narrow transparent conductive strip is small, its maximum width is equivalent to the width of a sub-pixel, so the resistance of the narrow transparent conductive strip is very large, not only the manufacturing process is difficult, but also the large resistance will cause serious signal loss , reducing the display quality. Although the resistance can be reduced by increasing the thickness of the narrow transparent conductive strips, this will undoubtedly increase the production cost.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal shutter slit grating, which can effectively reduce the resistance of the transparent conductive strip, reduce the difficulty of the process, and improve the display quality.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a liquid crystal shutter slit grating, comprising a first grating substrate and a second grating substrate that are boxed together and liquid crystal is interposed therebetween, the first grating substrate and the second grating substrate The above includes a grating layer, an alignment film and a polarizer formed on the substrate respectively. The grating layer is composed of transparent conductive strips with the same width and a certain gap arranged in sequence. The transparent conductive strips on the first grating substrate and the second The transparent conductive strips on the grating substrate are oppositely arranged, and are relatively staggered along the vertical direction of the transparent conductive strips; wherein, the nth transparent conductive strip on the first grating substrate and the nth transparent conductive strip on the second grating substrate The transparent conductive strips partially overlap, and there is also a partial overlap between the nth transparent conductive strip on the first grating substrate and the n+1th transparent conductive strip on the second grating substrate; when the first The transparent conductive strips on the grating substrate sequentially input voltages: V, -V, V, -V, ..., and the transparent conductive strips on the second grating substrate sequentially input voltages: -V, V, -V, V, ... , the entire liquid crystal shutter slit grating is a grating with light-transmitting bands and black bands spaced apart; when the same voltage is applied to the transparent conductive strips on the first grating substrate and the transparent conductive strips on the second grating substrate, the entire liquid crystal The shutter slit grating is in a light-transmitting state.

The alignment direction of the alignment film on the first grating substrate is perpendicular to the alignment direction of the alignment film on the second grating substrate. The polarization direction of the polarizer on the first grating substrate is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarizer on the second grating substrate. The transparent conductive strips may be indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide or aluminum zinc oxide, or other conductive materials with high transparency.

The invention provides a liquid crystal shutter slit grating with a new structure, which adopts a structure in which the transparent conductive strips have the same width and the transparent conductive strips on two grating substrates are dislocated, so that two-dimensional and three-dimensional display switching can be realized. Compared with the prior art, since the width of the transparent conductive strip of the present invention is wider, not only the manufacturing process difficulty is greatly reduced, but also the resistance of the transparent conductive strip is reduced, and the product quality is improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the first embodiment of the liquid crystal shutter slit grating of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the working schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the liquid crystal shutter slit grating of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural view of the second embodiment of the liquid crystal shutter slit grating of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal shutter slit grating in the prior art;

Fig. 5 is a working schematic diagram of the liquid crystal shutter slit grating in the prior art.

Explanation of reference signs:

1—substrate; 2—grating layer; 3—orientation film;

4—polarizer; 5—transparent conductive strip; 6—first transparent conductive strip group;

7—the second transparent conductive strip group; 8—insulating layer; 10—the first grating substrate;

20—second grating substrate; 30—liquid crystal.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a liquid crystal shutter slit grating according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the liquid crystal shutter slit grating of this embodiment includes a first grating substrate 10 and a second grating substrate 20 that are boxed together and a liquid crystal 30 is interposed therebetween. Each grating substrate includes a substrate 1 and a grating layer 2. , an alignment film 3 and a polarizer 4 , the grating layer 2 on the first grating substrate 10 is relatively offset from the grating layer 2 on the second grating substrate 20 . Specifically, the grating layer 2 is formed on the substrate 1 and is composed of transparent conductive strips 5 with the same width and arranged in sequence. Adjacent transparent conductive strips 5 are insulated from each other, that is, there are smaller gap, the transparent conductive strips 5 on the first grating substrate 10 and the transparent conductive strips 5 on the second grating substrate 20 are parallel and opposite to each other, but along the vertical direction of the transparent conductive strips 5, the transparent conductive strips on the two grating substrates The bars are relatively staggered by a set distance b. The alignment film 3 is formed on the grating layer 2 for liquid crystal alignment, and the alignment directions of the alignment films on the two grating substrates are perpendicular to each other. The polarizer 4 is arranged on the other side surface of each substrate 1 on which the grating layer is formed, and the polarization directions of the polarizers 4 on the two grating substrates are perpendicular to each other. In actual use, the distance b can be about the width of a sub-pixel, and the gap between adjacent transparent conductive strips should be as small as possible under the premise of ensuring insulation.

The technical solution of this embodiment will be further described below with the process of preparing a liquid crystal shutter slit grating with a grating pitch of a+b and an opening width of b.

Firstly, the first grating substrate and the second grating substrate are respectively prepared. For each grating substrate, a layer of transparent conductive film is deposited on the substrate (such as glass substrate or quartz substrate) by magnetron sputtering or thermal evaporation. The transparent conductive film can be indium tin oxide (ITO), indium oxide Materials such as zinc (I ZO) or aluminum zinc oxide can also be used with other conductive materials with high transparency. A common mask is used to form a grating layer pattern through a patterning process. The grating layer is composed of transparent conductive strips with a width of a+b arranged in sequence. There is a small gap between adjacent transparent conductive strips to ensure adjacent transparent conductive strips. Insulation between conductive strips. In addition, for the first grating substrate and the second grating substrate, the positions of the transparent conductive strips on the two grating substrates have a misalignment of a set distance b, that is, if the left edge of the nth transparent conductive strip on the first grating substrate and If the distance from the left edge of the substrate = L, then the distance from the left edge of the nth transparent conductive strip on the second grating substrate to the left edge of the substrate = L+b or L-b. The aforementioned patterning process includes processes such as photoresist coating, masking, exposure, etching, and photoresist stripping, which are well known to those skilled in the art. Afterwards, a layer of alignment film is coated on the substrate on which the grating layer is completed, and a rubbing alignment is performed. Then attach a polarizer on the other surface of the substrate on which the grating layer has been prepared.

Then, put the prepared first grating substrate and the second grating substrate into the box, drop an appropriate amount of liquid crystal (such as TN type liquid crystal), and seal the periphery of the first grating substrate and the second grating substrate. Packaged in a box. In box-to-box packaging, the transparent conductive strips on the first grating substrate and the transparent conductive strips on the second grating substrate are parallel and opposite to each other, but along the vertical direction of the transparent conductive strips, the first grating substrate and the second grating substrate The transparent conductive strips are relatively staggered by a set distance b, that is, the distance between the left edge of the nth transparent conductive strip on the first grating substrate and the left edge of the nth transparent conductive strip on the second grating substrate = b . In addition, the alignment directions of the alignment films on the two grating substrates are perpendicular to each other, and the polarization directions of the polarizers are perpendicular to each other.

Fig. 2 is a working diagram of the first embodiment of the liquid crystal shutter slit grating of the present invention. As shown in Figure 2, the structural feature of the liquid crystal shutter slit grating in this embodiment is: the overlapping area between the nth transparent conductive strip on the first grating substrate and the nth transparent conductive strip on the second grating substrate The width is a, and the width of the overlapping area between the nth transparent conductive strip on the first grating substrate and the n+1th transparent conductive strip on the second grating substrate is b. Assuming that the saturation voltage of the liquid crystal is 2V, the following voltages are sequentially input on several transparent conductive strips 5 of the first grating substrate 10: V, -V, V, -V, V, -V, ..., on the second grating substrate The following voltages are sequentially input on several transparent conductive strips 5 of 20: -V, V, -V, V, -V, V, ..., then for the nth transparent conductive strip on the first grating substrate 10 In the overlapping area with the nth transparent conductive strip on the second grating substrate 20, since the voltage of one transparent conductive strip is V, and the voltage of the other transparent conductive strip is -v, the liquid crystal will be deflected at a voltage of 2V, so that The overlapping area is shown as black stripes; for the overlapping area of the nth transparent conductive strip on the first grating substrate 10 and the n+1th transparent conductive strip on the second grating substrate 20, since the voltages of the two transparent conductive strips are both V, during which the liquid crystal does not deflect, so that the overlapping area is displayed as light transmission. By analogy, the liquid crystal shutter slit grating in this embodiment forms a slit grating structure with a grid pitch of a+b, a black stripe width of a, and an opening width of b.

In actual use, the liquid crystal shutter slit grating of this embodiment is arranged in front of the liquid crystal display panel. When three-dimensional display is required, input voltage to the transparent conductive strips on the first grating substrate and the second grating substrate according to the aforementioned method, and the entire liquid crystal shutter slit grating is a grating with light-transmitting bands and black bands arranged at intervals, black and white slit gratings Produces a stereoscopic effect for three-dimensional display. When two-dimensional display is required, the same voltage (such as 0V) is input to the transparent conductive strips on the first grating substrate and the second grating substrate, and the entire liquid crystal shutter slit grating is in a light-transmitting state and can be used for two-dimensional display. The grating pitch, black stripe width and opening width in the slit grating structure can be set according to actual needs.

It can be seen from the above technical solution that this embodiment adopts a structure in which the width of the transparent conductive strips is the same and the transparent conductive strips on the two grating substrates are dislocated, so that two-dimensional and three-dimensional display switching can be realized. Compared with the prior art, since the width of the transparent conductive strip in this embodiment is wider, not only the manufacturing process difficulty is greatly reduced, but also the resistance of the transparent conductive strip is reduced, and the product quality is improved.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a liquid crystal shutter slit grating according to the present invention. As shown in Figure 3, the liquid crystal shutter slit grating of this embodiment is a structural deformation of the aforementioned first embodiment, the main structure is basically the same as that of the aforementioned first embodiment, the difference is that the grating layer includes a first transparent conductive strip Group 6, second transparent conductive strip group 7 and insulating layer 8, each transparent conductive strip group includes several transparent conductive strips arranged in sequence, each transparent conductive strip in the first transparent conductive strip group 6 is located in the second transparent conductive strip group Between two adjacent transparent conductive strips in the strip group 7, or each transparent conductive strip in the second transparent conductive strip group 7 is located between two adjacent transparent conductive strips in the first transparent conductive strip group 6, Adjacent transparent conductive strips are located in different structural layers to realize insulation between adjacent transparent conductive strips. The preparation process of the liquid crystal shutter slit grating in this embodiment is also basically the same as that in the first embodiment, the difference is the process of forming the pattern of the grating layer. The process of forming the pattern of the grating layer in this embodiment is as follows: first, a layer of transparent conductive film is deposited on the substrate by means of magnetron sputtering or thermal evaporation, and a first transparent conductive strip group 6 is formed through a patterning process by using a common mask. A transparent conductive strip group 6 includes several transparent conductive strips arranged in sequence, and the distance between adjacent transparent conductive strips is greater than or equal to the width of the transparent conductive strips. Afterwards, a layer of insulating layer 8 is coated on the substrate that has completed the aforementioned process by spin coating or other methods. Subsequently, magnetron sputtering or thermal evaporation is used to deposit another layer of transparent conductive film on the substrate that has completed the aforementioned process, and a second transparent conductive strip group 7 is formed through a patterning process using a common mask. The second transparent conductive strip group 7 includes several transparent conductive strips arranged in sequence, and each transparent conductive strip in the second transparent conductive strip group 7 is located between two adjacent transparent conductive strips in the first transparent conductive strip group 6 . The advantage of this embodiment is that the insulation between two adjacent transparent conductive strips can be ensured, and the gap between two adjacent transparent conductive strips can be minimized. The orientation film, the polarizer and the working principle of the slit grating of the liquid crystal shutter in this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment above, and will not be repeated here.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be Modifications or equivalent replacements can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. liquid crystal shutter slit grating, comprise box together and with liquid crystal sandwiched the first grating substrate and the second grating substrate therebetween, comprise respectively the grating layer that is formed on substrate on described the first grating substrate and the second grating substrate, alignment films and polaroid, it is characterized in that, described grating layer is arranged in order by the identical electrically conducting transparent bar with less gap of width and forms, this less gap guarantees that described two adjacent transparent buss insulate mutually, electrically conducting transparent bar on described the first grating substrate and the electrically conducting transparent bar on the second grating substrate are oppositely arranged, and the vertical direction along described electrically conducting transparent bar staggers relatively, wherein, overlap between n electrically conducting transparent bar on described the first grating substrate and n electrically conducting transparent bar on the second grating substrate, and also overlap between n electrically conducting transparent bar on described the first grating substrate and n+1 electrically conducting transparent bar on the second grating substrate, when giving input voltage: the V successively of the electrically conducting transparent bar on described the first grating substrate ,-V, V ,-V,, and the electrically conducting transparent bar of giving the second grating substrate input voltage :-V successively, V ,-V, V ... the time, whole liquid crystal shutter slit grating is the grating that euphotic zone and black color space arrange, when the electrically conducting transparent bar on giving described the first grating substrate and the electrically conducting transparent bar on the second grating substrate applied the same electrical pressure, whole liquid crystal shutter slit grating was light transmission state.

2. liquid crystal shutter slit grating according to claim 1, is characterized in that, on described the first grating substrate on the direction of orientation of alignment films and the second grating substrate the direction of orientation of alignment films mutually vertical.

3. liquid crystal shutter slit grating according to claim 1, is characterized in that, on described the first grating substrate on the polarization direction of polaroid and the second grating substrate the polarization direction of polaroid mutually vertical.

4. liquid crystal shutter slit grating according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described electrically conducting transparent bar is tin indium oxide, indium zinc oxide or aluminum zinc oxide.

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