CN102031329A - Deoxidation and restoration method for smelting stainless steel in converter - Google Patents
Deoxidation and restoration method for smelting stainless steel in converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN102031329A CN102031329A CN 201010575366 CN201010575366A CN102031329A CN 102031329 A CN102031329 A CN 102031329A CN 201010575366 CN201010575366 CN 201010575366 CN 201010575366 A CN201010575366 A CN 201010575366A CN 102031329 A CN102031329 A CN 102031329A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a deoxidation and restoration method for smelting stainless steel in a converter. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) smelting stainless steel in a converter: blending dephosphorized molten iron in the converter, blowing in high-pressure oxygen and nitrogen in a flow ratio of 1 to (2.53-3.5) for decarburization and temperature rise, adding high-carbon chromium iron, high-carbon ferromanganese iron, steelmaking lime and caustic-burned dolomite to the converter in batch from a storage bin at the top of the converter, wherein the dephosphorized molten iron contains the following components in percentage by weight: 3.0-4.0 percent of C, not more than 0.1 percent of Si and not more than 0.025 percent of P, the molten iron contains 0.20-0.40 percent of carbon, and the contents of chromium and nickel reach a control range of a corresponding steel grade; and (2) restoring: calculating the amount of needed pure silicon to be added, converting into the amount of silicon carbide, adding fluorite, flushing nitrogen, stirring and restoring so that the amount of Cr2O3 in the converter is not more than 0.5 percent. The eoxidation and restoration method for smelting stainless steel in the converter can decrease the costs of the raw materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the stainless deoxidation and reduction method of a kind of converter smelting.
Background technology
Some amount is produced stainless steel and needed to add in the KOBMS converter after reduction period begins reductive agent is used to reduce the oxygen blast smelting phase and enters the metal oxide of slag.The stainless deoxidation and reduction method of converter smelting is to use ferrosilicon or ferrosilicon to add aluminium as reductive agent.Silicon carbide has stronger reducing power, and the ferrosilicon price is higher, has increased stainless manufacturing cost accordingly.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of the existing stainless deoxidation and reduction method of converter smelting, the invention provides the stainless deoxidation and reduction method of a kind of lower-cost converter smelting.
Applicant's stainless steel production line adopts " KOBMS-VOD-CCM " three-step production process, the stainless molten steel that the KOBMS converter is produced also needs the refining through VOD, molten steel composition to KOBMS converter output does not require especially accurately control, therefore can use silicon carbide to substitute ferrosilicon and reduce, reduction back molten steel composition can reach VOD production control requirement.
The design of the stainless deoxidation and reduction method of this converter smelting is the reduction period after stainless decarburization of KOBMS converter smelting and alloying, (carborundum content is high more good more to be not less than 80% silicon carbide with content, but cost can raise), add silicon carbide and replace ferrosilicon to be used for reduction.
The stainless deoxidation and reduction method of this converter smelting comprises the stainless decarburization of converter smelting and alloying and reduction, and its steps characteristic is that the reduction period after decarburization and alloying is not less than 80% silicon carbide with content and replaces chromated oxide in the ferrosilicon reduction molten steel.
Specifically, the stainless deoxidation and reduction method of this converter smelting comprises the steps:
I converter stainless steel smelting (decarburization, alloying)
The dephosphorization molten iron is blended into the KOBMS converter, and the content of C, Si and P (weight percent) with the requirement of temperature is in the dephosphorization molten iron:
C 3.0%-4.0%; Si≤0.10%; P≤0.025%; Temperature 〉=1300 ℃;
Use top oxygen gun and the bottom air pressure gun is blown into high pressure oxygen and nitrogen carries out the decarburization hyperthermic treatment, the throughput ratio of oxygen flow and nitrogen is 1: (2.53-3.5), will be in batches in the converting process from the top feed bin of converter with in high carbon ferro-chrome (containing [Cr] 65%), high carbon ferromanganese (containing [Mn] 78%), steel-making lime and the light dolomite adding stove, the weight of the high carbon ferro-chrome of adding, high carbon ferromanganese, steel-making lime and light dolomite and the weight proportion of dephosphorization molten iron are:
Dephosphorization molten iron 63-67; High carbon ferro-chrome 19-23; High carbon ferromanganese 0.2-0.4;
Steel-making lime 4-6; Light dolomite 1.7-2.3;
Smelt decarburization and reach 0.20-0.40% to carbon content of molten steel (weight percent), span of control, temperature that chromium, nickel content reach corresponding steel grade reach 1680-1700 ℃;
The II reduction
Because of step I oxygen decarburization process has caused a large amount of chromated oxides to enter slag, need be by adding reductive agent in reduction step with the Cr in the slag
2O
3Being reduced into Cr gets back in the molten steel.Reduce according to calculating the amount that needs to add pure silicon, conversion needs to add the amount of silicon carbide, adds fluorite again, and bottom blowing nitrogen stirs reduction, Cr in the slag in the stove
2O
3≤ 0.5% (accounting for the per-cent of the weight in the slag) promptly finished reduction step.
The present invention replaces ferrosilicon to be used for reduction according to the content of silicon in silicon carbide and the ferrosilicon by calculating back a certain amount of silicon carbide of adding.The silicon carbide that adds and the weight part proportioning of fluorite and desiliconization molten iron are generally:
Dephosphorization molten iron 65; 80 silicon carbide 1.2-1.6; Fluorite 0.7-0.8.
The stainless deoxidation and reduction method of above-mentioned converter smelting is characterized in that:
Step I converter stainless steel smelting
The weight of high carbon ferro-chrome, high carbon ferromanganese, steel-making lime and the light dolomite that adds and the weight proportion of dephosphorization molten iron are:
Dephosphorization molten iron 65; High carbon ferro-chrome 21; High carbon ferromanganese 0.3;
Steel-making lime 5; Light dolomite 2.
The Step II reduction
The silicon carbide that adds and the weight part proportioning of fluorite and desiliconization molten iron are:
Dephosphorization molten iron 65; 80 silicon carbide 1.4; Fluorite 0.7.
The stainless deoxidation and reduction method of this converter smelting adopts silicon carbide to replace metal oxide in the ferrosilicon reduced blast furnace, can reduce the cost of raw material, and silicon carbide is low about 50% than the ferrosilicon price, therefore uses silicon carbide to replace ferrosilicon to reduce to reduce cost about 20%.Ferrosilicon (FeSi75B) market price is 5000 yuan/ton at present, 2600 yuan/ton of 80 silicon carbide (converting siliceous about 50%) market prices, 80 silicon carbide can substitute FeSi75B according to 1.5: 1 ratio, promptly use 1.5 ton of 80 silicon carbide to replace 1.0 tons of ferrosilicon (FeSi75B), can reduce cost about 1100 yuan.
Embodiment
Describe the embodiment of the stainless deoxidation and reduction method of this converter smelting in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but the embodiment of the stainless deoxidation and reduction method of this converter smelting is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment one
Use raw material: dephosphorization molten iron, high carbon ferro-chrome, steel-making lime, light dolomite, fluorite piece, 80 silicon carbide, high carbon ferromanganese, high pressure oxygen, nitrogen
Reaction vessel: 80 tons of KOBMS converters
Matallurgical products: 430 stainless molten steels
The weight percent of 80 silicon carbide compositions is:
SiC 82%; Free C 5.8%; S 0.05;
SiO 9%; Moisture content 0.4%; Igloss 2.75%.
Carbon, silicon and phosphorus composition (weight percent) are in the dephosphorization molten iron:
C?3.6％；Si?0.08％；P?0.020％；
The requirement of C, Si, Mn and Cr (weight percent) in the KOBMS converter tapping 430:
C?0.20-0.40；Si?0.15-0.30；Mn?0.10-0.25；Cr?15.90-16.30。
Present embodiment is:
C?0.30％；Si?0.20％；Mn?0.18％；Cr?16.10％。
The stainless deoxidation and reduction method of this converter smelting embodiment is following step:
I converter stainless steel smelting (decarburization, alloying)
65 tons of dephosphorization molten iron are blended into the KOBMS converter, use top oxygen gun and the bottom air pressure gun is blown into high pressure oxygen and nitrogen carries out the decarburization hyperthermic treatment, oxygen flow 1200Nm
3/ h is for nitrogen flow 3600Nm
3/ h, in the converting process in two batches the top feed bin from converter add raw material, first adds 11 tons of high carbon ferro-chromes (containing [Cr] 65%), 0.15 ton of high carbon ferromanganese (containing [Mn] 78%), 3 tons of steel-making lime and 1 ton of light dolomite, second batch adds 10 tons of high carbon ferro-chromes (containing [Cr] 65%), 0.15 ton of high carbon ferromanganese (containing [Mn] 78%), 1 ton of steel-making lime, 1 ton of light dolomite, smelt decarburization and reach 0.20% to carbon content of molten steel (weight percent), [Mn] content should reach 0.20-0.40%; [Cr] content should reach 15.90-16.30%.Temperature reaches 1690 ℃, promptly finishes this step;
The II reduction
Because of step I oxygen decarburization process has caused a large amount of chromated oxides to enter slag, need be by adding reductive agent in reduction step with the Cr in the slag
2O
3Being reduced into Cr gets back in the molten steel.Need 0.7 ton of pure silicon of adding to reduce according to calculating, conversion needs to add 1.4 tons in 80# silicon carbide (need add 0.95 ton if add ferrosilicon (FeSi75B)), adds the 700kg fluorite again, with 3600Nm
3The flow bottom blowing nitrogen of/h stirs reduction 12 minutes, promptly finishes reduction step, Cr in the slag of reduction back
2O
3Be 0.4%.
Embodiment two
Use raw material: dephosphorization molten iron, high carbon ferro-chrome, steel-making lime, light dolomite, fluorite piece, 80 silicon carbide, high carbon ferromanganese, high pressure oxygen, nitrogen
Reaction vessel: 80 tons of KOBMS converters
Matallurgical products: 409L stainless molten steel
The weight percent of 80 silicon carbide compositions is:
SiC 82%; Free C 5.8%; S 0.05; SiO 9%; Moisture content 0.4%;
Igloss 2.75%.
Carbon, silicon and phosphorus composition (weight percent) are in the dephosphorization molten iron:
C?3.8％；Si?0.08％；P?0.016％；
The requirement of C, Si, Mn and Cr (weight percent) among the KOBMS converter tapping 409L:
C?0.20-0.40；Si?0.15-0.30；Mn?0.10-0.25；Cr?12.10-12.50。
Present embodiment is:
C?0.32；Si?0.20；Mn?0.20；Cr?12.30。
The stainless deoxidation and reduction method of this converter smelting embodiment is following step:
I converter stainless steel smelting (decarburization, alloying)
71 tons of dephosphorization molten iron are blended into the KOBMS converter, use top oxygen gun and the bottom air pressure gun is blown into high pressure oxygen and argon gas carries out the decarburization hyperthermic treatment, oxygen flow 1200Nm
3/ h is for argon flow 3600Nm
3/ h, in the converting process in two batches the top feed bin from converter add raw material, first adds 10 tons of high carbon ferro-chromes (containing [Cr] 65%), 0.15 ton of high carbon ferromanganese (containing [Mn] 78%), 2.5 tons of steel-making lime and 1 ton of light dolomite, second batch adds 6 tons of high carbon ferro-chromes (containing [Cr] 65%), 0.13 ton of high carbon ferromanganese (containing [Mn] 78%), 1.5 tons of steel-making lime, 1 ton of light dolomite, smelt decarburization and reach 0.20% to carbon content of molten steel (weight percent), [Mn] content should reach 0.20-0.40%; [Cr] content should reach 12.00-12.40%.Temperature reaches 1690 ℃, promptly finishes this step;
The II reduction
Because of step I oxygen decarburization process has caused a large amount of chromated oxides to enter slag, need be by adding reductive agent in reduction step with the Cr in the slag
2O
3Being reduced into Cr gets back in the molten steel.Need 0.6 ton of pure silicon of adding to reduce according to calculating, conversion needs to add 1.3 tons in 80# silicon carbide (need add 0.95 ton if add ferrosilicon (FeSi75B)), adds the 700kg fluorite again, with 3600Nm
3The flow BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING of/h stirs reduction 12 minutes, promptly finishes reduction step, Cr in the slag of reduction back
2O
3Be 0.4%.
Claims (2)
1. stainless deoxidation and reduction method of converter smelting, it comprises the steps:
I converter stainless steel smelting
The dephosphorization molten iron is blended into converter, and the requirement of the weight percent of the content of C, Si and P and temperature is in the dephosphorization molten iron:
C 3.0%-4.0%; Si≤0.10%; P≤0.025%; Temperature 〉=1300 ℃;
Use top oxygen gun and the bottom air pressure gun is blown into high pressure oxygen and nitrogen carries out the decarburization hyperthermic treatment, the throughput ratio of oxygen flow and nitrogen is 1: (2.53-3.5), will be in batches in the converting process from the top feed bin of converter high carbon ferro-chrome, high carbon ferromanganese, steel-making lime and light dolomite be added in the stove, the weight of the high carbon ferro-chrome of adding, high carbon ferromanganese, steel-making lime and light dolomite and the weight proportion of dephosphorization molten iron are:
Dephosphorization molten iron 63-67; High carbon ferro-chrome 19-23; High carbon ferromanganese 0.2-0.4;
Steel-making lime 4-6; Light dolomite 1.7-2.3;
The smelting decarburization reaches 0.20-0.40% to the weight percent of carbon content of molten steel, and span of control, temperature that chromium, nickel content reach corresponding steel grade reach 1680-1700 ℃;
The II reduction
Step I oxygen decarburization process has caused a large amount of chromated oxides to enter slag, need be by adding reductive agent with the Cr in the slag in reduction step
2O
3Being reduced into Cr gets back in the molten steel; Reduce according to calculating the amount that needs to add pure silicon, conversion needs to add the amount of silicon carbide, adds fluorite again, and bottom blowing nitrogen stirs reduction, Cr in the slag in the stove
2O
3≤ 0.5%, promptly finish reduction step.
2. the stainless deoxidation and reduction method of converter smelting according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Step I converter stainless steel smelting
The weight of high carbon ferro-chrome, high carbon ferromanganese, steel-making lime and the light dolomite that adds and the weight proportion of dephosphorization molten iron are:
Dephosphorization molten iron 65; High carbon ferro-chrome 21; High carbon ferromanganese 0.3;
Steel-making lime 5; Light dolomite 2;
High carbon ferro-chrome contains [Cr] 65%, high carbon ferromanganese contains [Mn] 78%;
The Step II reduction
The silicon carbide that adds and the weight part proportioning of fluorite and desiliconization molten iron are:
Dephosphorization molten iron 65; 80 silicon carbide 1.4; Fluorite 0.7.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102732665A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-10-17 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for increasing nitrogen in molten steel in last stage of converter smelting |
| CN102766799A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2012-11-07 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for smelting stainless steel with high chrome melts and dephosphorized melted iron |
| CN103602781A (en) * | 2013-11-17 | 2014-02-26 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for lowering chrome oxide in arc furnace slag in stainless steel smelting process |
| CN109554515A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-04-02 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for smelting stainless steel by top-blown converter |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1876857A (en) * | 2005-06-11 | 2006-12-13 | 太原钢铁(集团)有限公司 | Method for smelting stainless steel using molten iron as raw material |
| CN101457272A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2009-06-17 | 山东泰山钢铁集团有限公司 | Two-step stainless steel smelting method |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1876857A (en) * | 2005-06-11 | 2006-12-13 | 太原钢铁(集团)有限公司 | Method for smelting stainless steel using molten iron as raw material |
| CN101457272A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2009-06-17 | 山东泰山钢铁集团有限公司 | Two-step stainless steel smelting method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 《特殊钢》 20060331 董艳伍 K-OBM-S转炉冶炼不锈钢过程的数学模拟和应用 第13-16页 1-2 第27卷, 第2期 2 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102732665A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-10-17 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for increasing nitrogen in molten steel in last stage of converter smelting |
| CN102766799A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2012-11-07 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for smelting stainless steel with high chrome melts and dephosphorized melted iron |
| CN103602781A (en) * | 2013-11-17 | 2014-02-26 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for lowering chrome oxide in arc furnace slag in stainless steel smelting process |
| CN103602781B (en) * | 2013-11-17 | 2015-03-25 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for lowering chrome oxide in arc furnace slag in stainless steel smelting process |
| CN109554515A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-04-02 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for smelting stainless steel by top-blown converter |
| CN109554515B (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2020-09-01 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for smelting stainless steel by top-blown converter |
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| CN102031329B (en) | 2012-09-05 |
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