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CN102031231B - Growth-promoting rhizobacteria and fungicide thereof, preparation method and application of fungicide - Google Patents

Growth-promoting rhizobacteria and fungicide thereof, preparation method and application of fungicide Download PDF

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CN102031231B
CN102031231B CN 201010529293 CN201010529293A CN102031231B CN 102031231 B CN102031231 B CN 102031231B CN 201010529293 CN201010529293 CN 201010529293 CN 201010529293 A CN201010529293 A CN 201010529293A CN 102031231 B CN102031231 B CN 102031231B
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fungicide
microbial inoculum
liquid
rsn19
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CN102031231A (en
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师尚礼
李剑峰
张淑卿
霍平慧
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Gansu Agricultural University
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Abstract

The invention discloses growth-promoting rhizobacteria and fungicide thereof, as well as a preparation method and application of the fungicide, namely Klebsiellapneumoniae and the fungicide taking the Klebsiellapneumoniae used as an active ingredient, the preparation method of the fungicide and application of the fungicide in phosphorus dissolving and nitrogen fixation. The invention has the advantages that the nitrogen fixing and phosphorus dissolving bacterium integrated with multiple growth-promoting capabilities, such as phosphorous dissolving, nitrogen fixing and auxin producing, into a whole is provided to prepare the nitrogen fixing and phosphorous dissolving fungicide, the fungicide has the characteristics of complete growth promotion performance, high fertilizer efficiency and low cost, and is suitable for the regions lacking nitrogen and phosphorous and having hungry soil; and the preparation process is simple and convenient, high fertilizer efficacy of nitrogen fixing and phosphorous dissolving is obtained, and the invention has excellent development prospect.

Description

A kind of plant growth-promoting bacteria and microbial inoculum thereof and its preparation method and application
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant growth-promoting microbial inoculum, specifically a kind of plant growth-promoting bacteria and microbial inoculum thereof, and its preparation method and application, belong to biological fertilizer field.
Background technology
Nitrogen and phosphorus are as the essential mineral element of plant, be the important composition composition of the various structures such as plant viable cell internal protein, nucleic acid, phosphatide, enzyme, plant hormone and functional mass, in the processes such as plant energy metabolism, organic synthesis and metabolism, substance operation, genetic expression and regulation and control and cell signalling, play an important role.The shortage of nitrogen and phosphorus element, will make growing of plant suppressed, cause the decline of crop yield and quality.Use in a large number for a long time chemical fertilizer and not only improved agriculture production cost, and caused the selectivity accumulation of some element in the soil and the deterioration of soil physico-chemical property, to environment.Therefore or part replacing fertilizer alternative with microbial fertilizer is the inexorable trend of keeping agricultural sustainable development.The soil bacteria that is present in plant rhizosphere can supply by the insoluble phosphorus of depositing in a large number in rhizosphere fixed nitrogen, generation growth hormone, the dissolving soil plant absorbing to promote the growth of crop, reaches the short purpose of promoting production of giving birth to.
Mostly be many bacterial classifications mix bacterium agent owing to have simultaneously the difficult molten phosphorus nitrogen-fixing plants growth promoting bacteria agent that obtains, therefore puts into production at present of the bacterial classification of multiple efficient growth-promoting functions, have antagonism between bacterial classification, the problems such as nutritional needs and metabolism imbalance in the microbial inoculum.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, for the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of to integrate the fixed nitrogen phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria of molten phosphorus, fixed nitrogen and the multiple short living ability of product growth hormone, be prepared into the agent of fixed nitrogen phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, having short natural disposition can be comprehensively, and the characteristics that fertilizer efficiency is high, cheap are applicable to nitrogen phosphorus and lack, there is good development prospect in the zone that soil is barren.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: Klebsiella pneumonia (Klebsiella pneumoniae), its microbial preservation unit is: China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center, preservation address: Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City, preservation date on August 31st, 2010, preserving number is: CGMCC No.4128; The morphological feature of described Klebsiella pneumonia is: the straight-bar bacterium, diameter 0.5~0.8 μ m, long 3.2~5.0 μ m, single distribution, pod membrane is arranged, Gram-negative, do not move, be grown on the YMA medium and to produce circular translucent colony and to secrete a large amount of polysaccharide, fixed nitrogen is arranged, dissolve inorganic effect of phosphorous, can glucose, sucrose, Zulkovsky starch and N.F,USP MANNITOL is sole carbon source.
Klebsiella pneumonia (Klebsiella pneumoniae), microbial preservation number are: CGMCC No.4128, and as the application in the plant growth-promoting microbial inoculum.
A kind of preparation method of plant growth-promoting microbial inoculum, in carrying out according to the following step: (1) Klebsiella pneumonia (Klebsiella pneumoniae) RSN19 is inoculated in the YMA solid medium, at 26 ℃~28 ℃ activation 18~24h; (2) the Klebsiella pneumoniae RSN19 after the activation is inoculated in and carries out fermentation culture in the liquid nutrient medium, and temperature is 25 ℃~29 ℃, is the Klebsiella pneumoniae RSN19 bacterium number that is cultured in every milliliter of fermented liquid 4~6? 10 10Individual; (3) be that 10% pH 7.0 aseptic phosphoric acid buffers are 4~8: 2~4 according to volume ratio with zymocyte liquid, aseptic liquid nutrient medium and the concentration of the Klebsiella pneumoniae RSN19 in the above-mentioned steps (2): 1 ratio is mixed; With aseptic aluminium foil bag or the encapsulation of aseptic Polypropylene Bag, make single bacterial classification liquid bacterial agent; (4) liquid bacterial agent that will state preparation in the step (3) and aseptic peat dust are that 1: 4~8 ratio is mixed according to volume ratio, make solid microbial.
The liquid nutrient medium of described growth promoting bacteria agent consists of, according to the KH of weight fraction ratio by 0.5~1 part 2PO 4, 1~2 part yeast powder, 5~10 parts glucose, 0.2~0.4 part MgSO 4, 0.05~0.1 part NaCl, 900~1000 parts water forms, and wherein the pH value of liquid nutrient medium is 6.4~7.4.
Zymocyte liquid, aseptic liquid nutrient medium and aseptic phosphoric acid buffer are 6: 3: 1 ratio mixing according to volume ratio in the described step (3).
Liquid bacterial agent and aseptic peat dust volume ratio are 1: 6 in the described step (4).
Follow a kind of plant growth-promoting microbial inoculum that is prepared from according to above-mentioned preparation method, the application in the molten phosphorus of fixed nitrogen.
The invention has the advantages that: provide a kind of to integrate the fixed nitrogen phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria of molten phosphorus, fixed nitrogen and the multiple short living ability of product growth hormone, be prepared into the agent of fixed nitrogen phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, have short natural disposition can be comprehensively, the characteristics that fertilizer efficiency is high, cheap, be applicable to nitrogen phosphorus and lack, the zone that soil is barren, preparation technology is easy, the molten phosphate fertilizer effect of fixed nitrogen is high, and good development prospect is arranged.
Microbial inoculum of the present invention is to possess fixed nitrogen, molten inorganic phosphorus and produce single bacterial classification plant growth-promoting microbial inoculum of growth hormone ability, can take full advantage of the abundantest insoluble inorganic phosphate of content in the soil, when possessing multiple short living ability, solve antagonism and the inconsistent problem of nutritional needs between the bacterial classification that exists in many bacterial classifications microbial inoculum; Bacterial classification is single, and preparation technology is easy, and is lower to the requirement of production and sealed in unit; Growth-promoting functions to clover, oat, sainfoin seedling is remarkable, and many bacterial classifications microbial inoculum product of more equal fertilizer efficiency is cheap, is easy to apply.
Embodiment
Below the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein only is used for description and interpretation the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Separation, evaluation and the purifying of embodiment 1 Klebsiella pneumonia (Klebsiella pneumoniae): the RSN19 bacterial strain is to separate in sainfoin (Onbrychis viciaefoliacv.) root nodule of surface sterilization with the molten inorganic phosphorus substratum of PKO without the nitrogen solid medium, and the bacterial strain behind the purifying meets the General Definition of enterobacteriaceae through Morphological Identification.The bacterial strain pure growth was accredited as Klebsiella pneumonia (Klebsiella pneumoniae) (No. the 084th, 2010 little searchings) through Chinese Academy of Sciences microorganism identification preservation center in 2010; This bacterial strain has tolerance to 80mg/L kantlex and 200mg/L penbritin.RSN19 bacterial strain nitrogenase activity reaches 6695 ± 174nmolC2H2d-1, and the amount of phosphorus dissolved of 4d (calcium phosphate) is 15.29 ± 0.46mg/L, and the growth hormone output of 6d is 8.38mg/L.Without nitrogen, only provide in the sand culture experiment under the calcium phosphate condition, the seedling of alfalfa of using behind the RSN19 bacterium liquid 60d increases by 119% than the blank biomass of not executing bacterium liquid, plant height increases by 53%, the number of blade increases by 95%, is used for seed soaking, can significantly accelerate the elongation of radicle.Under the condition that nitrogen phosphorus lacks, plant there is clearly growth-promoting functions.
The preparation method of 2 one kinds of plant growth-promoting microbial inoculums of embodiment, in carrying out according to the following step: (1) Klebsiella pneumonia (Klebsiella pneumoniae) RSN19 is inoculated in YMA (yeast N.F,USP MANNITOL-agar) solid medium, at 26 ℃~28 ℃ activation 18~24h; (2) the Klebsiella pneumoniae RSN19 after the activation is inoculated in and carries out fermentation culture in the liquid nutrient medium, and temperature is 25 ℃~29 ℃, is the Klebsiella pneumoniae RSN19 bacterium number that is cultured in every milliliter of fermented liquid 4~6? 10 10Individual; (3) be 10% pH 7.0 aseptic phosphoric acid buffers with zymocyte liquid, aseptic liquid nutrient medium and the concentration of the Klebsiella pneumoniae RSN19 in the above-mentioned steps (2) according to volume ratio be that 6: 3: 1 ratio is mixed; With aseptic aluminium foil bag or the encapsulation of aseptic Polypropylene Bag, make single bacterial classification liquid bacterial agent; (4) liquid bacterial agent that will state preparation in the step (3) and aseptic peat dust are that 1: 6 ratio is mixed according to volume ratio, make solid microbial.
The liquid nutrient medium of described growth promoting bacteria agent consists of, according to the KH of weight fraction ratio by 0.5~1 part 2PO 4, 1~2 part yeast powder, 5~10 parts glucose, 0.2~0.4 part MgSO 4, 0.05~0.1 part NaCl, 900~1000 parts water forms, and wherein the pH value of liquid nutrient medium is 6.4~7.4.
Sand training growth-promoting functions one, the experiment material 1.1 test materialss of the present invention liquid bacterial agent of embodiment 3 microbial inoculums of the present invention under control nitrogen, phosphorus nutrition condition: Klebsiella pneumonia (Klebsiella pneumoniae), its microbial preservation number are: CGMCC No.4128.
1.2 vegetable material alfalfa Long Dong (Medicogosativa.cv.LongDong) and queen's (Medicogo.sativa.cv.Queen) seed, Gansu sainfoin (Qnobrychisspp.cv.Gansu) and oat (Calibre) (Avena.sativa L.Calibre) seed are provided by key lab of the grass cultivation ecosystem the Ministry of Education, physical purity of seed 98%, seed is with 70% ethanolic soln sterilization 5min.For eliminating kind with the impact on experimental result of root nodule bacterium and vinelandii, seed is removed kind of a skin through the sterilized water Steeping and budding, finally by sowing after the aseptic deionized water flushing 5~8 times.
1.3 husky cultivation nutrient fluid Hoagland ' s complete nutrition liquid: macroelement: Ca (NO3) 24H2O 1417mg/L; KNO3 607mg/L; MgSO4 493mg/L; (NH4) 3PO4 115mg/L; Trace element: H3BO3 2.86mg/L; MnCl24H2O 1.81mg/L; ZnSO47H2O 0.22mg/L; CuSO45H2O 0.08mg/L; H2MoO4H2O 0.02mg/L; FeSO450mg/L.Nutritive medium is regulated the pH value as 7.0 ± 0.2 with NaOH (1mol/L) or HCl (1mol/L) after aseptic deionized water is diluted to 1/4 concentration.
Hoagland ' s take Hoagland ' s complete nutrition liquid as the basis, changes the KNO3607mg/L in the prescription into KCl 582mg/L without the without phosphorus nutritive medium of nitrogen, and prepares after removing (NH4) 3PO4, and regulator solution pH value to 7.0 ± 0.1.
Two, experimental technique 2.1. test design is tested in April, 2010 and is carried out in culturing room of grass cultivation institute of Gansu Agriculture University,, cultivation matrix uses cleaning river sand, after HCl soaks 48h, washes 6 times, at last with distilled water flushing 3 times, 150 ℃ of oven dry and dry sterilization 6h are for subsequent use.The dry river sand of the 280g that packs in the plastic culture cup of diameter 7cm, volume 400ml with the Shamian Island leveling, is selected 10 full seeds of the same size with tweezers and is evenly put in the fine sand surface, covers husky 20g.To each process seedling pouring with this product liquid microbial inoculum of 100 times of sterilized water dilutions (viable count>106cfu/ml), in the sand matrix of cultivation usefulness, add the calcium phosphate of 20g/kg, with 1/4Hoagland ' s without the without phosphorus nutritive medium pouring of nitrogen.Process not connecing bacterium liquid, only with 1/4Hoagland ' s without the processing of the without phosphorus nutritive medium pouring of nitrogen as blank (CK1); Processing with the pouring of 1/4Hoagland ' s complete nutrition liquid contrasts (CK2) as sufficient nutrition.Every processing repeats for 4 times.Measure each potted plant moisture content with weighing method in the treating processes, and keep the skin wet to 70% of husky matrix water retaining capacity with sterilized water.Process and to grow behind the 50d and the mensuration of morphological index.
The testing index of manure trial and the method seedling rate of living: each is processed the potted plant statistics seedling number of living that washes out behind the seedling, calculate the seedling rate of living.
Plant height and main root are long: each is processed and chooses at random 4 strain seedling in potted plant and measure plant height and main root length.To clean plant and be tiled on glass plate, measure the natural height of seedling with ruler, after with tweezers that plant root is stretching again, measure main root length.
Single leaf area and single-strain blade number: get individual plant record lobe numbers, single leaf area adopts retouches the shape weighting method.
Plant individual plant volume and individual plant root volume: selected seedling is placed on the filter paper, water is blotted, adopt the graduated cylinder drainage to measure plant volume and root volume.
The biomass accumulation: round plant in baking oven, 80 ℃ dry to constant weight, and weigh up the plant total dry weight with electronic balance.
2.2 the data analysis testing data is carried out statistical study with SPSS16.0 software with the LSD method.
Three. test-results 3.1 microbial inoculums of the present invention are used microbial inoculum of the present invention and can be significantly improved for the survival rate of seedling that studies thing after 50d is processed in the impact of survival rate of seedling under the low available phosphorus condition.Long Dong and queen's seedling of alfalfa survival rate improve respectively 32% and 28% than CK1, improve respectively 8% and 12% than CK2, make the survival rate of seedling of sainfoin and oat improve respectively 27%~44% table 1 microbial inoculum of the present invention to the impact (%) of clover, oat and sainfoin survival rate of seedling than CK1
Vegetable material CK1 CK2 Liquid graphicprocessing of the present invention
East, Gansu Province glycosides Mu 52% 76% 84%
Queen's glycosides Mu 60% 68% 88%
The Gansu sainfoin 56% 88% 83%
Oat (Calbre) 41% 85% 79%
To be 1/4Hoagland ' s process without the without phosphorus nutritive medium of nitrogen+calcium phosphate CK1, and CK2 is that 1/4Hoagland ' s complete nutrition liquid is processed, with it as the usually generally contrast under the nutritional condition.Together lower.
After 3.2 this product microbial inoculum is processed 50d to the impact of crop seedling plant height and main root length, this product microbial inoculum makes the average plant height of Longdong alfalfa increase respectively 68.5% and 26.67% than CK1 and CK2, make the queen clover exceed 70.92% and 35.9% than CK1 and CK2, make the plant height of oat seedlings exceed 49.08%, 40.54% than CK1, CK2, significant difference (P<0.05).And can make Gansu sainfoin plant height improve respectively 21.14% and 17.35% than CK1 and CK2.
Table 2 microbial inoculum of the present invention is on the impact (unit: cm) of clover, oat and sainfoin Seedling Height
Figure GDA0000045375970000061
The Longdong alfalfa root length of inoculating this product increases respectively 50.2% and 18.98% than CK1 and CK2, make queen clover root system Length Ratio CK1 and CK2 exceed 56.23% and 30.5%, make grow tall out CK1 and CK2 of the root of oat seedlings exceed 76.51% and 53.09%.Make Gansu sainfoin root length improve respectively 25.69% and 91.62% than CK1 and CK2, significant difference (P<0.05).
Table 3 microbial inoculum of the present invention is on the impact (unit: cm) of clover, oat and sainfoin main root length
Figure GDA0000045375970000071
3.3 after this product microbial inoculum used this product microbial inoculum to the impact of crop seedling list leaf area, single-strain blade number and biomass accumulation, the leaf area ratio CK1 of two kinds of clovers improved 123.33%~353.76%, improved 36.73~66.63% than CK2; The processing of Gansu its CK1 of sainfoin leaf area ratio and CK2 increases respectively 107.36% and 42.76%; Its CK1 of leaf area ratio of oat (Calibre) seedling and the processing of CK2 increase respectively 87.40% and 71.99%, and difference all has statistical significance (P<0.05).
Table 4 microbial inoculum of the present invention is on the impact (unit: cm of the single leaf area of clover, oat and sainfoin 2)
Figure GDA0000045375970000072
This product microbial inoculum also has obvious promoter action to the number of blade of plant, and the number of blade of two kinds of clovers improves 53.75%~26.63% than the processing of its CK1; The Gansu sainfoin number of blade increases respectively 118.52% and 56.69% than the processing of its CK1 and CK2; The number of blade of oat (Calibre) seedling increases respectively 39.95% and 33.80% than the processing of its CK1 and CK2, and difference all has statistical significance (P<0.05).
Table 5 microbial inoculum of the present invention is on the impact (unit: blade/strain) of clover, oat and sainfoin single-strain blade number
Figure GDA0000045375970000073
Compare with CK1, use two kinds of clover total dry weights of this product microbial inoculum on average to increase more than 90.18%.Gansu sainfoin dry weight increases by 86.33%, increases by 26.19% than CK2 than CK1.Oat plant dry weight increases by 217.54% than the processing of its CK1, and difference has statistical significance.
Table 6 microbial inoculum of the present invention is on the impact (unit: the mg/ strain) of clover, oat and sainfoin biomass of individual tree dry weight
Figure GDA0000045375970000081
3.4 this product microbial inoculum affects table 7 microbial inoculum of the present invention to the impact (unit: cm of clover, oat and sainfoin plant volume to seedling individual plant volume 3/ strain)
Figure GDA0000045375970000082
After using this product microbial inoculum, the seedling individual plant volume ratio CK1 of Longdong alfalfa and queen clover improves 79.23%~131.87%, improve 36.71% and 59.44% than CK2, compare with CK1 and CK2 after Gansu sainfoin and oat (Calibre) the inoculation microbial inoculum of the present invention, the plant volume increases more than 76.48%, and difference has statistical significance (P<0.05).
Four. conclusion microbial inoculum of the present invention has remarkable promoter action to the growth of plant under the nutritional condition of low-phosphorous low nitrogen, be mainly manifested in and remove plant phosphorus, the nitrogen nutritional deficiency is coerced, and promotes plant leaf and Root growth, promotes the accumulation of biomass.
Above testing data shows, it is to possess fixed nitrogen, molten inorganic phosphorus and produce single bacterial classification plant growth-promoting microbial inoculum of growth hormone ability that microbial inoculum of the present invention has following advantage microbial inoculum of the present invention, can take full advantage of the abundantest insoluble inorganic phosphate of content in the soil, when possessing multiple short living ability, solve antagonism and the inconsistent problem of nutritional needs between the bacterial classification that exists in many bacterial classifications microbial inoculum.
Bacterial classification is single, and preparation technology is easy, and is lower to the requirement of production and sealed in unit.
Growth-promoting functions to clover, oat, sainfoin seedling is remarkable, and many bacterial classifications microbial inoculum product of more equal fertilizer efficiency is cheap, is easy to apply.
It should be noted that at last: the above only is the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment puts down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

  1. Klebsiella pneumonia ( Klebsiella pneumoniae) RSN19, its microbial preservation number is: CGMCC No.4128; The morphological feature of described Klebsiella pneumonia is: the straight-bar bacterium, diameter 0.5~0.8 μ m, long 3.2~5.0 μ m, single distribution, pod membrane is arranged, Gram-negative, do not move, be grown on the YMA medium and to produce circular translucent colony and to secrete a large amount of polysaccharide, fixed nitrogen is arranged, dissolve inorganic effect of phosphorous, take glucose, sucrose, Zulkovsky starch and N.F,USP MANNITOL as sole carbon source.
  2. Klebsiella pneumonia as claimed in claim 1 ( Klebsiella pneumoniae) RSN19 microbial preservation number is: CGMCC No.4128 is as the application in the plant growth-promoting microbial inoculum.
  3. A Klebsiella pneumonia as claimed in claim 1 ( Klebsiella pneumoniae) RSN19 microbial preservation number is: CGMCC No.4128 is characterized in that carrying out according to the following step as the preparation method of plant growth-promoting microbial inoculum:
    (1) Klebsiella pneumonia ( Klebsiella pneumoniae) in the RSN19 inoculation medium, at 26 ℃~28 ℃ activation 18~24h;
    (2) activation after Klebsiella pneumoniaeRSN19 is inoculated in and carries out fermentation culture in the liquid nutrient medium, and temperature is 25 ℃~29 ℃, is cultured in every milliliter of fermented liquid Klebsiella pneumoniaeRSN19 bacterium number is 4~6 * 10 10Individual;
    (3) with in the above-mentioned steps (2) Klebsiella pneumoniaeThe zymocyte liquid of RSN19, aseptic liquid nutrient medium and aseptic phosphoric acid buffer are the ratio mixing of 4~8:2~4:1 according to volume ratio, and single bacterial classification liquid bacterial agent is made in encapsulation;
    (4) liquid bacterial agent that will state preparation in the step (3) and aseptic peat dust are that the ratio of 1:4~8 is mixed according to volume ratio
    Close, make solid microbial.
  4. 4. the preparation method of a kind of plant growth-promoting microbial inoculum according to claim 3 is characterized in that the liquid nutrient medium of described growth promoting bacteria agent consists of, according to the KH of weight fraction ratio by 0.5~1 part 2P0 4, the yeast powder of l~2 part, 5~10 parts glucose, 0.2~0.4 part MgSO 4, 0.05~0.1 part NaCl, 900~1000 parts water forms, and wherein the pH value of liquid nutrient medium is 6.4~7.4.
  5. 5. the preparation method of a kind of plant growth-promoting microbial inoculum according to claim 3 is characterized in that zymocyte liquid, aseptic liquid nutrient medium and aseptic phosphoric acid buffer are the ratio mixing of 6:3:1 according to volume ratio in the described step (3).
  6. 6. the preparation method of a kind of plant growth-promoting microbial inoculum according to claim 3 is characterized in that the middle liquid bacterial agent of described step (4) and aseptic peat dust volume ratio are 1:6.
  7. 7. the application of a kind of plant growth-promoting microbial inoculum in the molten phosphorus of fixed nitrogen that is prepared from according to claim 3.
CN 201010529293 2010-11-03 2010-11-03 Growth-promoting rhizobacteria and fungicide thereof, preparation method and application of fungicide Expired - Fee Related CN102031231B (en)

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