CN101961013A - Application of toyocamycin to controlling tomato gray mold - Google Patents
Application of toyocamycin to controlling tomato gray mold Download PDFInfo
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- CN101961013A CN101961013A CN2010101273633A CN201010127363A CN101961013A CN 101961013 A CN101961013 A CN 101961013A CN 2010101273633 A CN2010101273633 A CN 2010101273633A CN 201010127363 A CN201010127363 A CN 201010127363A CN 101961013 A CN101961013 A CN 101961013A
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- toyokamycin
- streptomyces diastatochromogenes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a microbial pesticide for controlling vegetable fungus diseases, belonging to the technical field of microorganisms. The preparation method comprises the steps of: activating and culturing strains of streptomyces diastatochromogenes D obtained by the separation and screening of soil samples acquired from Tianmu Mountain in Lin'an, Hangzhou Zhejiang; fermenting and culturing; extracting fermented materials; and preparing the purified active compounds by matching with agricultural pesticide auxiliary materials, and the like into various formations of agricultural pesticides. The microbial pesticide can be used for controlling vegetable fungus diseases of cucumber fusarium wilt, tomato gray mold or tomato early blight, and the like, and has control effect which is equal or slightly superior to the traditional chemical pesticide, and is safe.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microbial technology field, particularly relate to the biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion actinomycetes---streptomyces diastatochromogenes (Streptomyces diastatochromogenes) cultivation of D and the separation of metabolite and application.
Background technology
Actinomycetes (Actinomycetes) are very close with human relation.According to statistics, in the antibiotic of having found, have 70% to be about actinomycetes and to produce.Soil is the important place of actinomycetes perch, and it is to develop new medicine and the requisite element task of novel pesticide in the present world wide that the actinomycetes that obtain to have the high-efficiency antimicrobial activity from soil produce antibiotic.
To the control of plant disease, mainly adopt the method for chemical pesticide control at present.Though chemical pesticide has comparatively ideal control efficiency to multiple diseases, long-term use can be brought out the pesticide resistance of germ.In addition, the frequent use of agricultural chemicals has not only increased the production cost of agricultural product, and the residue of pesticide problem is also very serious.Utilize the active substance of the disease-resistant fungal pathogens that actinomycetes produce to carry out the biological control of fungal diseases of plants, then have the cycle short, be easy to research, advantage such as be convenient to produce, nontoxic.
The present invention is separated to strain biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion actinomycetes from the soil in Hangzhou, be accredited as streptomyces diastatochromogenes (Streptomyces diastatochromogenes) through microbial taxonomy, and the antimicrobial component in this biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion actinomycete fermentation metabolite separated, obtained active component, through four big spectral analysis, prove known nucleoside antibiotic, toyokamycin (Toyocamycin).This invention provides good starting strain and bioactive compound for the further development and the exploitation of microbial pesticide.
Report to the toyokamycin activity mainly concentrated on anti-tumor aspect in the past, but because its toxicity to human normal cell line is too big, can't be applied to clinical.Aspect the report of antibacterial activity, toyokamycin mainly suppresses candida albicans, new Cryptococcus, mycobacterium graminis and staphylococcus aureus etc. be not almost to phytopathogen (except the Pyricularia oryzae (Magnaporthe grisea)) inhibiting relevant report (Chen Yi, Li Zhou, Wei Yuzhen, Deng. the research of the nucleoside antibiotic 3431 that rhizosphere actinomycetes I06-03431 produces. biology magazine, 2009,26 (4): 17-20).This research is by to the discovering of streptomyces diastatochromogenes antibacterial activity composition toyokamycin, toyokamycin low concentration just can strong inhibition cucumber fusarium axysporum (FusariumOxysporum), botrytis cinerea (Botrytis Cinerea) and tomato early blight bacterium (Alternaria solani) spore germination and mycelial growth.The present invention has filled up this blank just, has widened the application of toyokamycin.Streptomyces diastatochromogenes produces the fermentation level of toyokamycin at 105.6mg/L among the present invention simultaneously, compare document (M.C.Flickinger, M.Greenstein, C.Bremmon, et al.Strain selection, medium development and scale-up of toyocamycin production byStreptomyces chrestomyceticus.Bioprocess Engineering, 5 (1990): 143-153) the about 12mg/L of the plain level of the product of report will exceed 7.8 times.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the dangerous and less deficiency of microbial pesticide kind, a kind of actinomycetes that separate from the soil of Hangzhou-streptomyces diastatochromogenes D is provided at chemical pesticide; Another object of the present invention provides utilizes this bacterial strain to be prepared into microbial pesticide of preventing and treating the part fungal diseases of plants and preparation method thereof by its metabolite of fermented extracted.
The separation of streptomyces diastatochromogenes of the present invention, screening and evaluation:
Be in August, 2006 in the soil sample that gather in the Tian Mu Shan Mountain, Zhejiang Hangzhou Linan, obtain and preserve through separation, cultivation, fermentation, determination of activity and to the steps such as screening that suppress fungal diseases of plants pathogen effective strain; Be accredited as streptomyces diastatochromogenes (Streptomyces diastatochromogenes) through microbial taxonomy, name and be streptomyces diastatochromogenes (Streptomyces diastatochromogenes) D.This bacterial strain is in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center preservation, preservation date on May 25th, 2007, preservation registration number CGMCC No.2060.The preservation file is referring to the open text of patent ZL200710156833.7, and publication number is CN101225368A.
Streptomyces diastatochromogenes D microscopic morphology feature: straight, hook-shaped, the loose spirality of fibrillae of spores, spore is oval, ellipse or oval.
Streptomyces diastatochromogenes D of the present invention can obtain the inhibited reactive compound toyokamycin (Toyocamycin) of part fungal diseases of plants pathogen through fermented extracted.
The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation method who prevents and treats fungal diseases of plants microbial pesticides such as graw mold of tomato, cucumber fusarium axysporum or early blight of tomato, carry out according to the following steps:
(1) activation culture of bacterial classification: will separate the streptomyces diastatochromogenes D bacterial classification of preserving and move in vitro on the Gause I inclined-plane, and under 28 ℃ ± 1 ℃ condition, be cultured to the test tube slant and cover with spore;
(2) fermented and cultured: fermentation culture is to contain corn flour 21.5g among every 1000mL, soluble starch 10g, wheat bran 5g, CaCO
32.5g, NH
4NO
31.5g, FeSO
40.5g, KH
2PO
41.5g, sterilization; To be cooled to 40 ℃, inoculation streptomyces diastatochromogenes D under 28 ℃ ± 1 ℃ condition, cultivated 5 days to fermentation culture under aseptic condition;
(3) fermentation product extracts: fermentation finishes, and collects zymotic fluid, chemical method extraction routinely, chromatography, and separation and purification obtains reactive compound Toyocamycin, and this compound molecule formula is C
12H
13N
5O
4, structural formula is formula as follows;
(4) this reactive compound is equipped with the agricultural drugs auxiliary material, is prepared into the agricultural drugs of multiple formulation.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The one, the present invention separates metabolite output height and part fungal diseases of plants pathogen is had stronger inhibiting streptomyces diastatochromogenes D from Hangzhou soil, and this provides a kind of microbial strains for control fungal diseases of plants pathogen on the agricultural;
The 2nd, the invention provides from the fermentation product of streptomyces diastatochromogenes D and to extract its active metabolite toyokamycin Toyocamycin, and and then be prepared into the preparation method of the microbial pesticide that can prevent and treat fungal diseases of plants; This agricultural chemicals is applied to the control of fungal diseases of plants, and its effect similar or slightly excellent than the conventional chemical medicament (seeing test example table 1-3) is for the exploitation of disinfectant use in agriculture has increased new approach.
Embodiment
Separation and the screening of embodiment 1:(streptomyces diastatochromogenes D)
The present invention in August, 2006 in the soil sample that gather in the Tian Mu Shan Mountain, Linan, Zhejiang, through separation, cultivation, fermentation, determination of activity and to suppressing the steps such as screening of fungal diseases of plants pathogen effective strain, therefrom obtain streptomyces diastatochromogenes (Streptomyces diastatochromogenes) D, preserve.
Streptomyces diastatochromogenes (Streptomyces diastatochromogenes) D bacteriostatic activity is measured: get its fermented supernatant fluid 1mL in sterile petri dish, be cooled to 50 ℃ the rapid mixing of PDA medium with 9mL, the cucumber fusarium axysporum that it is 4mm that the cooling back is put 1 diameter respectively on each medium plane or botrytis cinerea or tomato early blight bacterium etc. are for examination bacterium bacterium cake, the bacterium cake is connected to culture dish central authorities (the culture dish diameter is 9cm), put 28 ℃ of cultivation 36h in the incubator, handle in contrast with sterile water, repeat 3 times; Adopt the right-angled intersection method to measure colony diameter, calculate inhibiting rate with following formula:
Measurement result shows: streptomyces diastatochromogenes (Streptomyces diastatochromogenes) D metabolite is respectively 86.9%, 83% and 85.2% to the inhibiting rate of cucumber fusarium axysporum, botrytis cinerea and tomato early blight bacterium.
The preparation method of embodiment 2:(streptomyces diastatochromogenes D fermentating metabolism product)
Carry out according to the following steps:
(1) bacterial classification test tube slant activation culture: slant medium is the Gause I medium, and its component and content are: K
2HPO
40.5g, KNO
31g, MgSO
40.5g, soluble starch 20g, NaCl 0.5g, FeSO
40.01g, agar 20g, supply water to 1L after dissolving; With the spore of a little streptomyces diastatochromogenes D of oese picking, (in 15 * 150mm), put interior 28 ℃ ± 1 ℃ of incubator, activation culture 96h covers with spore to the test tube slant to sterilized Gause I medium test tube under aseptic condition;
(2) fermented and cultured: fermentation culture is to contain yellow corn powder 21.5g among every 1000mL, soluble starch 10g, wheat bran 5g, CaCO
32.5g, NH
4NO
31.5g, FeSO
40.5g, KH
2PO
41.5g surplus is a water; The bottled 40mL fermentation culture of every 300mL triangle, prepare back 121 ℃ the sterilization 20min, to be cooled to 40 ℃ under aseptic condition, picking one platinum ring streptomyces diastatochromogenes D spore inoculating, 28 ℃ ± 1 ℃, fermented and cultured 5 days;
(3) fermentation product extracts: collect zymotic fluid after fermentation finishes, adding isopyknic n-butanol in zymotic fluid extracts, get the upper strata, and under vacuum condition, be concentrated into medicinal extract, with dissolved in distilled water, the centrifuging and taking supernatant is then gone up Sephadex LH20 column chromatography again, with the ethanol and the distilled water gradient elution of volume ratio 10%～90%, separation and purification gets reactive compound Toyocamycin.
Streptomyces diastatochromogenes produces the fermentation level of toyokamycin at 105.6mg/L among the present invention, compare document (M.C.Flickinger, M.Greenstein, C.Bremmon, et al.Strain selection, medium development and scale-upof toyocamycin production by Streptomyces chrestomyceticus.Bioprocess Engineering, 5 (1990): 143-153) the about 12mg/L of the plain level of the product of report will exceed 7.8 times.
Streptomyces diastatochromogenes D metabolite described in following examples 3,4 is embodiment 2 products made therebies; The percentage composition of described product is mass percent.
Embodiment 3:(utilizes streptomyces diastatochromogenes D fermentating metabolism product to be prepared into wetting powder)
Wherein:
White carbon: (the rich strange chemical industry Co., Ltd in Shanghai produces)
Blue star auxiliary reagent factory, farming newborn 0203-B:(Xingtai produces)
Sodium lignin sulfonate: (the Shanghai prestige is chemical industry Co., Ltd and produces)
Precipitated calcium carbonate: (Shanghai DaYu biochemistry Co., Ltd's production)
Product contains 1.5% reactive compound Toyocamycin, the white carbon of adding 2% is as adsorbent, and add 1% agricultural newborn 0203-B and 3% sodium lignin sulfonate auxiliary material, supply 100% with precipitated calcium carbonate at last, behind the mixing, make wetting powder (claiming " product A " in the following content) through comminution by gas stream.
Embodiment 4:(utilizes streptomyces diastatochromogenes D fermentating metabolism product to be prepared into missible oil)
Wherein:
Ethanol (production of Shanghai Shen Xing pharmaceutical factory)
0204 (production of Xingtai blue star auxiliary reagent factory) of farming breast
Dimethylbenzene (production of Shanghai Shen Xing pharmaceutical factory)
The reactive compound Toyocamycin of product 2%, the dissolve with ethanol with 4% adds quality 5% agricultural newborn 0204-C as emulsifier, supplies 100% with dimethylbenzene at last, and stirring and evenly mixing is made missible oil (claiming " product B " in the following content).
Test example: (product of the present invention and conventional pesticide control efficiency comparative trial)
" product A, B " prevented and treated test to plant diseases such as cucumber fusarium axysporum or graw mold of tomato or earlys blight of tomato, with conventional chemical agricultural chemicals, clear water is contrast, shown in table 1, table 2 and table 3, the disinfectant use in agriculture of trial-production " product A, B " is more similar or slightly excellent than conventional chemical pesticide control effect.
Table 1 product A is to graw mold of tomato preventive effect statistical form
(test of pesticide effectiveness is all carried out in test farmland, suburbs, Hangzhou in July, 2009-September)
Table 2 product B is to cucumber fusarium axysporum preventive effect statistical form
(test of pesticide effectiveness is all carried out in test farmland, suburbs, Hangzhou in July, 2009-September)
Table 3 product B is to early blight of tomato preventive effect statistical form
(test of pesticide effectiveness is all carried out in test farmland, suburbs, Hangzhou in July, 2009-September)
Claims (2)
1. the application of toyokamycin in the control graw mold of tomato.
2. the described application of claim 1, wherein toyokamycin is obtained by following method: streptomyces diastatochromogenes (Streptomycesdiastatochromogenes) D obtains to contain the zymotic fluid of toyokamycin through slant activation cultivation and fermented and cultured, adding isopyknic n-butanol in zymotic fluid extracts, get the upper strata, and under vacuum condition, be concentrated into medicinal extract, again with dissolved in distilled water, the centrifuging and taking supernatant, then go up Sephadex LH20 column chromatography, ethanol and distilled water gradient elution with volume ratio 10%～90%, separation and purification gets the reactive compound toyokamycin, described streptomyces diastatochromogenes D is in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center preservation, and preservation registration number is CGMCC No.2060.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010127363 CN101961013B (en) | 2010-03-19 | 2010-03-19 | Application of toyocamycin in controlling tomato gray mold |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103290043A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-09-11 | 中国计量学院 | ToyB expression reinforced recombined streptomyces diastatochromogenes, as well as construction method and use |
| CN103320372A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-09-25 | 中国计量学院 | Recombinant streptomyces diastatochromogenes with reinforced toyF expression, construction method and uses thereof |
| CN103820473A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2014-05-28 | 中国计量学院 | ToyG expression-enhanced recombined streptomyces diastatochromogenes and construction method and uses thereof |
| CN104782639A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-07-22 | 中国计量学院 | Novel method for preventing and controlling nilaparvata lugens filial generation by using fungicide |
| CN104823990A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-08-12 | 中国计量学院 | Use of fungicide in prevention and control of brown planthopper filial generation |
| CN103931635B (en) * | 2014-05-03 | 2016-06-08 | 海南正业中农高科股份有限公司 | Agriculturally useful compositions containing oligochitosan and toyokamycin and application |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101444216A (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2009-06-03 | 中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所 | Application of toyocamycin in preparing plant blight control medicines |
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2010
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| CN101444216A (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2009-06-03 | 中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所 | Application of toyocamycin in preparing plant blight control medicines |
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| 郁顺章 等: "抗生素4261的研究Ⅱ.抗素生的4261-1发酵、分离及鉴别", 《热带作物学报》 * |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103290043A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-09-11 | 中国计量学院 | ToyB expression reinforced recombined streptomyces diastatochromogenes, as well as construction method and use |
| CN103320372A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-09-25 | 中国计量学院 | Recombinant streptomyces diastatochromogenes with reinforced toyF expression, construction method and uses thereof |
| CN103820473A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2014-05-28 | 中国计量学院 | ToyG expression-enhanced recombined streptomyces diastatochromogenes and construction method and uses thereof |
| CN103290043B (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2014-09-24 | 中国计量学院 | ToyB expression reinforced recombined streptomyces diastatochromogenes, as well as construction method and use |
| CN103820473B (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2015-09-16 | 中国计量学院 | Strengthen restructuring streptomyces diastatochromogenes and construction process and purposes that toyG expresses |
| CN103931635B (en) * | 2014-05-03 | 2016-06-08 | 海南正业中农高科股份有限公司 | Agriculturally useful compositions containing oligochitosan and toyokamycin and application |
| CN104782639A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-07-22 | 中国计量学院 | Novel method for preventing and controlling nilaparvata lugens filial generation by using fungicide |
| CN104823990A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-08-12 | 中国计量学院 | Use of fungicide in prevention and control of brown planthopper filial generation |
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| CN101961013B (en) | 2013-01-16 |
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