CN101969175A - Ytterbium-doped multicore photonic crystal optical fiber mode-locked laser - Google Patents
Ytterbium-doped multicore photonic crystal optical fiber mode-locked laser Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ytterbium-doped multicore photonic crystal optical fiber mode-locked laser, which belongs to the technical field of laser. The laser has a sigma cavity structure, a main body of the laser is based on a ytterbium-doped multicore photonic crystal optical fiber, and a single-mode optical fiber is used as a mode selector for selecting modes; the laser works in a totally positive dispersion area, no chromatic dispersion compensating element is in a cavity, and a semiconductor saturable absorption mirror is used for starting mode locking. The invention has the advantages of stability and easy operation of mode selection and wide spectrum, narrow pulse width and high energy of output pulse; the mode field area of the used multicore photonic crystal optical fiber is two orders of magnitude larger than that of an ordinary optical fiber, the single pulse energy which can be supported by the multicore photonic crystal optical fiber is also more than 100 times than that of a traditional optical fiber laser, a used mode-selecting element is a single mode optical fiber, and the far-field distribution of an output mode field is gauss distribution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ytterbium multicore photonic crystal fiber mode-locked laser of mixing, belong to laser technology field.
Background technology
Formerly technology [1] is a kind of photonic crystal fiber oscillatory system that can export the 18nJ single pulse energy.The photonic crystal fiber that it comprises a mode field diameter is 29 μ m.This optical fiber is introduced the airport structure of periodic arrangement in covering, can provide than the mode field area of the big order of magnitude of traditional fiber and keep the single mode running.Make single pulse energy from skin joule (pJ) magnitude of conventional laser, rise to tens and receive joule (nJ).But, owing to be subjected to the influence of bending loss and thermal lensing effect, the mode field area of photonic crystal fiber can not infinitely increase, in order to obtain higher pulse energy, often need amplifying stage that the ultrashort pulse of laser output is amplified, and amplification process has not only increased the cost of laser system, has lost its ease for use, and the shape of meeting paired pulses causes certain destruction with stability.
The multicore photonic crystal fiber provides a kind of effective solution for further improving the optical fiber mode fields area.The multicore photonic crystal fiber is to be embedded into many fiber core with single-mold in a shared inner cladding, fibre core is arranged in the set shape of rules such as annular, rectangle, the diameter and the doping content of these fibre cores all equate, and mutual spacing produces coupling by evanescent wave near reaching micron dimension in transmission course.The total mode field area of optical fiber is with the proportional increase of fibre core quantity, greatly reduces non-linear in the optical fiber, reaches the purpose that improves the laser single pulse energy.Intercouple between each fibre core of multicore photonic crystal fiber, form a plurality of intrinsic super models, and have only the same-phase super model to have the gaussian-shape far-field distribution.Therefore, be that the subject matter that the laser of medium faces is how to guarantee each fibre core same-phase at present with the multicore photonic crystal fiber, promptly phase-locked.
Formerly technology [2] is to realize the phase-locked running of multi-core fiber by the Talbert chamber.It will reflect end mirror and be placed on the place apart from fiber end face z.When z=zt (zt be Talbert distance), the reflection loss minimum of same-phase super model can set up laser generation, and other super model reflection losses is too big, loss can not be set up laser generation greater than gain, thereby realizes the phase-locked running of multicore optical fiber laser.But the Talbert distance is relevant with the fibre core spacing, only is several millimeters usually, requires the degree of regulation height, and is difficult to add any element between optical fiber and end mirror, more is not suitable for using in annular chamber.
Formerly technology [3] is to realize the phase-locked running of multi-core fiber by aperture.It is placed on aperture on the back focal plane of optical fiber exit end lens, and the far field of same-phase super model has Gaussian Profile, thus when the aperture loss minimum, and to be annular or flap distribute in other super model far fields, a little less than the center intensity, loss is big during by aperture.Therefore, have only the same-phase super model can set up laser generation, thereby realize the phase-locked running of multicore optical fiber laser.But the size of lens back focal plane hot spot is by the lens parameter decision, and the big or small and numerical aperture decision by the fibre core of optical fiber of this lens parameter, the size of aperture can only adapt to the size of lens back focal plane hot spot.Therefore, the mode selection by pinhole method is selected to require very high to the size of aperture.Aperture is too big, is unfavorable for other super models of abundant loss, can't set up phase-locked running; Aperture is too little, and the loss of same-phase super model is too big, influences the efficient of laser cavity.Therefore require orifice size to reach the precision of micron dimension, this adjusting to processing small holes and light path all has high requirements.
About the document that relates to the technology of the present invention and report as follows:
[1] Y.J.Song, M.L.Hu, C.L.Gu, et al., Mode-locked Yb-doped large-mode-area photoniccrystal fiber laser operating in the vicinity of zero cavity dispersion, Laser Physics Letters, 2010,7 (3): 230-235 " be operated in zero dispersion area mix ytterbium big mode field area photonic crystal fiber mode-locked laser " laser physics wall bulletin, 2010,7 (3): 230-235
[2] L.Michaille, C.R.Bennett, D.M.Taylor, et al., Phase locking and supermode selection inmulticore photonic crystal fiber lasers with a large doped area, Optics Letters, 2005,30 (13): 1668-1670 " the phase-locked and super model of the long-pending multicore photonic crystal fiber of big die face is selected " optics letter, 2005,30 (13): 1668-1670
[3] L.Michaille, D.M.Taylor, C.R.Bennett, et al., Characteristics of a Q-switched multicorephotonic crystal fiber laser with a very large mode field area, Optics Letters, 2008,33 (1): 71-73 " the long-pending multicore photonic crystal fiber Q-switched laser of big die face " optics letter, 2008,33 (1): 71-73
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ytterbium multicore photonic crystal fiber mode-locked laser of mixing, the pulse of this laser output has spectral width, the characteristics that pulse width and energy are high.
The present invention is realized by following technical proposals.A kind of ytterbium (Yb that mixes
3+) multicore photonic crystal fiber mode-locked laser, this laser comprises diode pumping source 1, in the pumping light path, set gradually collimation non-spherical lens 2, first dichroic mirror 3 and injection non-spherical lens 4, pump light injects photonic crystal fiber 20 by non-spherical lens 4, after the other end of photonic crystal fiber, set gradually coupling non-spherical lens 19, second dichroic mirror 18, first quarter wave plate 17; In 20 ° of corner reflection light paths of first dichroic mirror 3, set gradually second quarter wave plate 5, first half-wave plate 6, isolator 7, mode selector, total reflective mirror 11; Wherein mode selector is made up of first non-spherical lens 8, monomode fiber 9, second non-spherical lens 10; In the reflected light path of total reflective mirror 11, set gradually second half-wave plate 12, polarization splitting prism 13, the 3rd quarter wave plate 14, the 3rd non-spherical lens 15 and semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror 16, whole laser is the σ cavity configuration.It is characterized in that photonic crystal fiber 20 is for mixing ytterbium (Yb
3+) the multicore photonic crystal fiber, its fibre core quantity is 6～37, and each fibre core is made up of disappearance 1～3 layer of air hole, and 1～2 layer of air hole is arranged between the fibre core, fibre core is that regular hexagon or annular are arranged, and inner cladding is the airport structure of arranging in 4～10 layers of regular hexagon cycle; Mode selector is made of first non-spherical lens 8, monomode fiber 9 and second non-spherical lens 10, and wherein monomode fiber 9 is a 1040nm wavelength place fundamental mode fibre, and numerical aperture is 0.03～0.06, and mode field diameter is 10～40 μ m, and fiber lengths is 0.1～1 meter; The numerical aperture of first non-spherical lens 8 and second non-spherical lens 10 is identical with monomode fiber 9, and focal length is 6～15mm, the broad-band transparence-increased film of surface plating, to 976～1100nm laser-transmitting rate greater than 99.5%.
Compare with the ultrashort pulse fiber laser of reporting in the past, technical scheme of the present invention has following advantage:
[1] gain media adopts and mixes ytterbium (Yb
3+) the multicore photonic crystal fiber, the mode field area of this optical fiber can reach 2000～10000 μ m with the proportional increase of fibre core quantity
2Corresponding non linear coefficient is low more than 100 times more than the order of magnitude than big two of ordinary optic fibre, and the single pulse energy that can support is also high more than 100 times than traditional fiber laser accordingly;
[2] add the phase place that modeling optical fiber locks each fibre core of multi-core fiber in the laser cavity, realized the phase-locked output of each fibre core of annular chamber multicore photonic crystal fiber.Compare with original Talbert mode selection by short-cavity mode of utilizing, spacing is unrestricted between modeling optical fiber and the multi-core fiber, can add element arbitrarily as required, and only the coupling efficiency of needs assurance modeling optical fiber can be realized the phase-locked running of laser;
[3] compare with mode selection by pinhole mode in the chamber, the fibre core size of monomode fiber does not have strict requirement, the mould field that can mate multi-core fiber and single-core fiber by first non-spherical lens 8 of selecting the monomode fiber front, the coupling efficiency of raising monomode fiber reduces the loss in the chamber.And light beam only has identical angle symmetric form with the same-phase super model through being Gaussian Profile behind the monomode fiber, can only excite the same-phase super model.Therefore the coupling efficiency of a needs assurance modeling optical fiber can be realized the phase-locked running of laser, and is easy to adjust;
[4] whole laser works is in the Totally positive dispersion district, and no any dispersive compensation element does not have dissipative elements such as filter plate yet in the chamber, and the mode of utilizing nonlinear polarization rotation and semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror to combine starts locked mode and stable mode-locking.This means that laser cavity more simplifies, locked mode is stable more and exportable spectrum is wideer, and pulsewidth is narrower, the laser pulse that energy is bigger.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a multicore photonic crystal fiber mode-locked laser structural representation of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1 is diode pumping source; 2 are the collimation non-spherical lens; 3 is first dichroic mirror; 4 for injecting non-spherical lens; 5 is second quarter wave plate 5; 6 is first half-wave plate; 7 is isolator; 8 is first non-spherical lens; 9 is monomode fiber; 10 is second non-spherical lens; 11 is total reflective mirror; 12 is second half-wave plate; 13 is polarization splitting prism; 14 is the 3rd quarter wave plate; 15 is the 3rd non-spherical lens; 16 is semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror; 17 is first quarter wave plate; 18 is second dichroic mirror; 19 are the coupling non-spherical lens; 20 for mixing ytterbium multicore photonic crystal fiber.
Fig. 2 is for mixing the end face ESEM displaing micro picture of ytterbium multicore photonic crystal fiber 20 among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the far-field distribution picture of laser output facula.
Embodiment
Mix ytterbium (Yb
3+) specific embodiments of multicore photonic crystal fiber mode-locked laser is as follows:
At first the tail optical fiber with diode pumping source 1 is fixed on the accurate fiber adjusting mount of five dimensions, about the realization tail optical fiber, about, the precision adjustment at front and back and angle of inclination.Regulate tail optical fiber, make its exit end be positioned at the focus of collimation non-spherical lens 2, fully collimate pump light.The core diameter of the tail optical fiber of diode pumping source 1 is 200 μ m, and numerical aperture is 0.2, and output wavelength is 976～980nm, and Maximum Power Output is 50W. Non-spherical lens 2,4,8,10,15,19 all is coated with the high saturating broadband deielectric-coating of 976～1100nm wave band, and transmissivity is greater than 99.5%, and is fixed on the precision one-dimensional micro-displacement platform, is used for accurately regulating collimation and focusing on.The focal length of collimation non-spherical lens 2 is 11mm, and numerical aperture is identical with the numerical aperture of the tail optical fiber of diode pumping source 1.Dichroic mirror 3 is placed after the non-spherical lens 2, and be 20 ° of placements with pump light, angle is placed according to this, dichroic mirror for wavelength be the pump light transmitance of 976～1100nm greater than 98%, be that the laser reflectivity of 1～1.1 μ m is greater than 95% for wavelength.Insert after dichroic mirror and inject non-spherical lens 4, pump light is focused to photonic crystal fiber 20, non-spherical lens 4 focal lengths are 8mm, and numerical aperture is identical with the inner cladding numerical aperture of photonic crystal fiber 20.Photonic crystal fiber 20 is the multicore photonic crystal fiber, and the airport that inner cladding was arranged by 5 layers of regular hexagon cycle is formed, and has 7 fibre cores, fibre core doping gain ion ytterbium (Yb
3+), dividing the two-layer positive hexagonal array that is, each fibre core is made up of the two-layer airport of disappearance, and one deck airport is arranged between the fibre core, and the total equivalent mode field area of fibre core is 5000 μ m
2, fiber lengths is 1.5m.Also as the fibre core of pump light, numerical aperture is 0.6 to inner cladding.The airport of two end faces of photonic crystal fiber is subsided by the heat sealing machine electrion, and is polished into 8 ° of angles with grinder, thereby plays the effect that suppresses self-oscillation and end face feedback.Utilize the accurate fiber adjusting mount of five dimensions that the photonic crystal fiber two ends are fixed, regulate photonic crystal fiber, be located at the focus of non-spherical lens 4, finely tune the highest until the coupling efficiency of pump light.The other end of optical fiber inserts coupling non-spherical lens 19, and focal length is 28mm, and its numerical aperture is identical with photonic crystal fiber fibre core numerical aperture.Strengthen pump power this moment, can find from the spontaneous radiation fluorescence of two end face outgoing of optical fiber, and non-spherical lens 4 collimations of wherein leading up to are reflected by dichroic mirror 3 then.In 20 ° of reflected light paths of dichroic mirror 3, insert second quarter wave plate 5, first half-wave plate 6, isolator 7, mode selector, total reflective mirror 11 perpendicular to optical axis direction successively.The isolation of isolator is 45dB.The effect of control laser polarization state is played in the combination of quarter wave plate 5, half-wave plate 6 and isolator, and rotation quarter wave plate 5 and half-wave plate 6 can be controlled the coupling output rating of isolator.Mode selector comprises non-spherical lens 8, monomode fiber 9 and non-spherical lens 10.Wherein the mode field diameter of monomode fiber is 35 μ m, and numerical aperture is 0.046, and length is 0.4m, and the monomode fiber both ends of the surface are polished into 8 ° of angles with grinder, thereby plays the effect that suppresses self-oscillation and end face feedback. Non-spherical lens 8 and 10 focal length are 11mm, and numerical aperture is consistent with monomode fiber.Utilize the accurate fiber adjusting mount of five dimensions that the monomode fiber two ends are fixed, regulate monomode fiber, be located at the focus of non-spherical lens 8; Regulate the position of non-spherical lens 10, make the end face of monomode fiber be positioned at the focus place of non-spherical lens 10.Total reflective mirror 11 is that the laser reflectivity of 1～1.1 μ m is greater than 95% for wavelength.In the reflected light path of total reflective mirror 11, placing second half-wave plate 12, polarization splitting prism 13, the 3rd quarter wave plate 14, focal length perpendicular to optical axis direction successively is the 3rd non-spherical lens 15 and the semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror 16 of 5cm.Near the linear absorption rate of semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror 16 1040nm is 35%, and modulation depth is 26%, absorbs recovery time less than 3ps.Rotate second half-wave plate 12 and can regulate the energy that incides on the semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror 13.After the fluorescence of semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror 16 reflections passes through quarter wave plate twice back and forth, polarization state is revolved and is turn 90 degrees, be reflected when returning polarization splitting prism 13 once more, behind first quarter wave plate 17 and second dichroic mirror 18, be the coupling non-spherical lens 19 of the 28mm multicore photonic crystal fiber that is coupled back by focal length, promptly obtain simple resonant cavity, can realize the laser operation of continuous wave this moment.
Rotate second half-wave plate 12 and be used to regulate the energy that incides on the semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror 16; By the distance between the non-spherical lens 15 of regulating semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror 16 and its front, thereby the focal beam spot size on the change semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror, reaching the saturated of semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror can flow, thereby make laser realize the self-starting locked mode, turn round to locked mode from the continuous wave run transition.Rotate second quarter wave plate 5, first half-wave plate 6 and first quarter wave plate, 17 control laser cavity inner laser polarization states, introduce nonlinear polarization rotation locked mode mechanism when being used to control isolator 8 coupling output ratings, the stable mode-locking running.Progressively increase pump power, and regulate the spot size on wave plate angle and the semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror, the average power of output can reach 9.5W, and repetition rate is 8.3MHz, and corresponding single pulse energy is 1.14 μ J.The far-field distribution of measuring the output hot spot by the beam quality analyzer is a Gaussian Profile.
Claims (1)
1. mix ytterbium multicore photonic crystal fiber mode-locked laser for one kind, this laser comprises diode pumping source (1), in the pumping light path, set gradually collimation non-spherical lens (2), first dichroic mirror (3) and injection non-spherical lens (4), pump light injects photonic crystal fiber (20) by non-spherical lens (4), after the other end of photonic crystal fiber, set gradually coupling non-spherical lens (19), second dichroic mirror (18), first quarter wave plate (17); In 20 ° of corner reflection light paths of first dichroic mirror (3), set gradually second quarter wave plate (5), first half-wave plate (6), isolator (7), mode selector, total reflective mirror (11); Wherein mode selector is made up of first non-spherical lens (8), monomode fiber (9), second non-spherical lens (10); In the reflected light path of total reflective mirror (11), set gradually second half-wave plate (12), polarization splitting prism (13), the 3rd quarter wave plate (14), the 3rd non-spherical lens (15) and semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror (16), whole laser is the σ cavity configuration, it is characterized in that, photonic crystal fiber (20) is for mixing ytterbium multicore photonic crystal fiber, its fibre core quantity is 6～37, each fibre core is made up of disappearance 1～3 layer of air hole, 1～2 layer of air hole is arranged between the fibre core, fibre core is that regular hexagon or annular are arranged, and inner cladding is the airport structure of arranging in 4～10 layers of regular hexagon cycle; Mode selector is made of first non-spherical lens (8), monomode fiber (9) and second non-spherical lens (10), wherein monomode fiber (9) is a 1040nm wavelength place fundamental mode fibre, numerical aperture is 0.03～0.06, and mode field diameter is 10～40 μ m, and fiber lengths is 0.1～1 meter; The numerical aperture of first non-spherical lens (8) and second non-spherical lens (10) is identical with monomode fiber (9), and focal length is 6～15mm, the broad-band transparence-increased film of surface plating, to 976～1100nm laser-transmitting rate greater than 99.5%.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102967981A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-03-13 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Super-continuous spectrum light source based on multicore photonic crystal fiber |
| GB2527303A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2015-12-23 | Fianium Ltd | A modelocked laser |
| CN110994337A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-10 | 苏州英谷激光有限公司 | Device capable of adjusting diameter of focusing light spot on saturable absorber mirror |
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Cited By (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102967981A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-03-13 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Super-continuous spectrum light source based on multicore photonic crystal fiber |
| GB2527303A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2015-12-23 | Fianium Ltd | A modelocked laser |
| CN110994337A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-10 | 苏州英谷激光有限公司 | Device capable of adjusting diameter of focusing light spot on saturable absorber mirror |
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