CN101947648A - Method for producing large zirconium and zirconium alloy casting - Google Patents
Method for producing large zirconium and zirconium alloy casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN101947648A CN101947648A CN 201010529358 CN201010529358A CN101947648A CN 101947648 A CN101947648 A CN 101947648A CN 201010529358 CN201010529358 CN 201010529358 CN 201010529358 A CN201010529358 A CN 201010529358A CN 101947648 A CN101947648 A CN 101947648A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing a large zirconium and zirconium alloy casting, which is used for the graphite model casting and the investment casting of the organic processing of an active non-ferrous metal casting process method. At present, relevant reports suitable for the casting process method of the large zirconium and zirconium alloy casting are not represented. The invention aims to develop a method for producing a large zirconium and zirconium alloy casting. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) processing and preparing by a graphite model machine; (2) preparing ceramic layer paint; (3) coating the surface of the model core with the paint; (4) curing and removing air in vacuum; and (5) smelting and pouring in a vacuum consumable electrode skull furnace. The invention has the application and the advantages that the method is suitable for the zirconium and zirconium alloy casting and castings of which the weight exceeds 500kg; the surface of the casting has no cold shut, the smooth finish is high, and the thickness of a casting polluted layer is small; and the process manufacture is simple, and the raw material source is wide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of producing zirconium and zircaloy foundry goods, the production method of particularly a kind of zirconium and zircaloy heavy castings.
Technical background
Zirconium and zircaloy are a kind of relatively more expensive metal materials, have very excellent decay resistance in many strong corrosive mediums, and the favorable mechanical performance is arranged.At present, the zirconium material has obtained using very widely as a kind of special resistant material, and especially in the reduction acid medium of high concentration high-temperature, the zirconium material is the preferred material that chemical industry equipment is made.Zirconium material fusing point height, thermal conductivity is lower, and linear expansion coefficient is less.Activity is very high during zirconium material high temperature, almost can in various degree chemical reaction take place with all refractory material, and the zirconium material is being very easy to and CO during high temperature
2, O
2, N
2And H
2Make the embrittlement of zirconium material cause equipment failure Deng gas generation chemical reaction.This makes the casting of zirconium and zircaloy must select the mold material of high chemical stability for use, guarantee zircaloy not with model generation chemical reaction, have less surface contamination layer.
At present, the organic processing graphite mold casting of casting technique, the precision-investment casting that can use of coloured active metal.The characteristics of machined graphite mold casting are that mould processing is simple and convenient, the mold strength height, and thickness can be made according to the design needs.But the fast liquid towards metal of graphite mould heat conduction has chilling action, forms defective, especially heavy castings such as cold shut and trace easily at cast(ing) surface, because the long liquid metal temperature of filling time reduces a lot, the probability that surperficial cold shut and trace occur is bigger.Because model surface processing is coarse, cause foundry goods must stay bigger allowance to cause waste of material in addition.The characteristics of precision-investment casting are the surface quality of continuous castings height, are suitable for the complex thin-wall foundry goods, but manufacture craft is comparatively complicated, and the thickness of making coating is limited, and is inapplicable for the cast of large-scale height and zircaloy foundry goods.
Look on the net from State Intellectual Property Office: application number is " a kind of production zirconium and zircaloy pump; the process of valve precision casting " patent of CN200910012462.4, its technology adopts fusible pattern ceramic shell hot investment casting and high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) method to produce zirconium and zircaloy pump, the valve precision casting, the hot investment casting of fusible pattern ceramic shell is meant adopts the fusible pattern ceramic shell to carry out the near-net-shape casting of foundry goods in the vacuum consumable skull crucible, the fusible pattern ceramic shell is according to forming with the wax pattern of the pump valve member geometry consistent size system of turning over, two-layer type shell material is made of extraordinary oxide before its inner surface, and whole shell is through pressing wax, coating, hang shell, take off cured, process procedures such as roasting are made; High temperature insostatic pressing (HIP), it is airtight high pressure resistant and can be heated in the container of high temperature to be that the foundry goods that will handle places, and vacuumizes earlier and afterwards charges into high-pressure inert gas, and heat temperature raising is to predetermined temperature.Briefly: this is to adopt investment precision casting technology casting zirconium and zircaloy pump valve foundry goods, for heavy castings, adopts the accurate die cast operation of fusible pattern more complicated, and difficulty is big, and coating generally will be coated with more than 30～40 layers, is difficult to realize.In addition, the hip treatment expense is very expensive, adopts the high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) method to improve casting quality and makes cost increase several times even ten times.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the problems referred to above, the production method of a kind of zirconium and zircaloy heavy castings is provided.Realize that this technology can large-scale production go out zirconium and the zircaloy heavy castings of casting weight more than 500kg, reaches the surface roughness≤6.3mm that is produced, surface contamination layer≤0.05mm; Cast(ing) surface does not have defectives such as cold shut, trace and crackle.
The technical scheme of employing of the present invention is: the difficult point for large-scale zirconium material cast casting maximum is to select suitable mold material, model should have good stability at elevated temperature and high surface smoothness to guarantee high surface quality of continuous castings and low processing capacity, has higher mold strength to bear the impact of a large amount of liquid zirconium metals again simultaneously.
The production method of a kind of zirconium and zircaloy heavy castings is characterized in that: its processing step:
(1) graphite casting mould machining preparation; Adopt the method for machining and manual shovel system to be processed into graphite casting mould in graphited electrode graphite material according to the casting technique drawing;
(2) ceramic layer coating configuration; At normal temperatures and pressures, ceramic coating is by 200～300 purpose electric smelting Y
2O
3Powder 40%, yttrium colloidal sol 59%, surfactant JFC0.9%, defoamer n-butanol 0.1% mix to stir and make, and above-mentioned percentage is mass percent;
(3) with 100 ℃ of the graphite casting mould preheatings that process, the coating for preparing is painted on the whose surfaces that contacts with liquid metal in the model uniformly with thin brush, coating layer thickness is 0.1～0.3mm;
(4) graphite casting mould is after coating, and coating air dry 1～10h is heated to 450 ℃ of insulation 2h then in vacuum drying oven, be heated to 4 hours vacuum degassings of 1000 ℃ of insulations then, and the process vacuum of giving vent to anger is not less than 50Pa;
(5) model is chilled to 200 ℃ with stove and comes out of the stove, and it is to be cast to leave in the baking oven 200 ℃ of insulations etc. after coming out of the stove in;
(6) adopt smelting and pouring in the vacuum consumable skull crucible; Smelting and pouring in the vacuum consumable electrode skull crucible of 1000kg, casting mold directly take out shove charge from baking oven, model temperature must adopt Φ 350 electrodes greater than 100 ℃, melting electric current 38000A, and melting vacuum is less than 1Pa.
(7) cast back foundry goods cools to the furnace below 200 ℃ and comes out of the stove.Form finished product through sand removal, polishing, check.
The technical scheme of employing of the present invention also comprises:
The production method of described zirconium and zircaloy heavy castings is characterized in that: the graphite core surface institute ceramic coating of brushing disposes: at normal temperatures and pressures, be by 200～300 purpose electric smelting Y
2O
3Powder 35～45%, yttrium colloidal sol 54～65%, surfactant JFC0.5～1.2%, defoamer n-butanol 0.5～1.0% mixes to stir and makes, and above-mentioned percentage is mass percent, and each component adopts any number in its scope, itself and numerical value are 100%, and dope viscosity is controlled at 20～50s.
The production method of described zirconium and zircaloy heavy castings is characterized in that: the graphite core surface institute ceramic coating of brushing disposes: at normal temperatures and pressures, ceramic coating is by 200～300 purpose electric smelting Y
2O
3Powder 40%, yttrium colloidal sol 59%, surfactant JFC0.9%, defoamer n-butanol 0.1% mix to stir and make, and above-mentioned percentage is mass percent, and dope viscosity is controlled at 20～50s.
Advantage of the present invention: it is to do the model matrix with machined graphite that (1) the present invention adopts, zirconium and zircaloy casting mold are done in process making at graphite core external coating ceramic coating, adopt this method can produce the intensity height, model thickness can be made according to designing requirement, is applicable to casting large-size castings; (2) face coat can effectively reduce the chilling action of model, improves the mold-filling capacity of liquid metal, effectively lowers the surface and defectives such as cold shut trace occur; (3) can obviously improve surface quality of continuous castings, reduce processing capacity and reduce cost; (4) the thermally-stabilised height of model and coating, foundry goods pollution layer thickness is little; (5) technology is made simply, the raw material wide material sources.(6) the present invention and above-mentioned background technology " a kind of process of producing zirconium and zircaloy pump, valve precision casting " patent difference is: 1. it is to adopt investment precision casting technology casting zirconium and zircaloy pump valve foundry goods.The present invention adopts on machining graphite mold casting technology basis, has increased this procedure of brushing ceramic coating.This operation is compared and can be improved surface quality of continuous castings with common machine processing graphite mold casting technology (the not technology of swabbing), reduces model Quench ability, can improve the processing performance of zirconium material casting.2. it is for heavy castings, adopts molten accurate die cast operation more complicated, and difficulty is big, and coating generally will be coated with more than 30～40 layers.The present invention adopts the machined graphite mould to do main body, and then the method operation of brushing paint wants easy to be many on the graphite mould.
The specific embodiment
(1) adopt the method for machining and manual shovel system to be processed into graphite casting mould in graphited electrode graphite material according to the casting technique drawing.
(2) with 100 ℃ of the graphite casting mould preheatings that process, and then the graphite core that contacts with liquid metal surface is with the uniform brushing one deck ceramic coating of thin brush, and THICKNESS CONTROL is at 0.1～0.3mm.The preparation of ceramic coating according to percentage by weight with 40% electric smelting Y
2O
3Powder is progressively put into the sol bonded yttrium agent, Y
2O
3The powder degree is less than 200～300 orders, stirs l～4 hour with mould wash mixer; Wherein binding agent is mixed by 59% yttrium colloidal sol and 0.9% surfactant JFC and 0.1% defoamer n-butanol and is prepared into.The coating material production operating ambient temperature is controlled at 10～25 ℃, and relative humidity is controlled at 40～50%, and the coating temperature is controlled at 10～20 ℃, and dope viscosity is controlled at 20～50s.Above-mentioned percentage is mass percent, and each component adopts any number in its scope, and itself and numerical value are 100%.
(3) graphite casting mould is after coating, but coating air dry 1～10h.And then be heated to 450 ℃ of insulation 2h in the vacuum drying oven, be heated to 4 hours vacuum degassings of 1000 ℃ of insulations then.The process vacuum of giving vent to anger is not less than 50Pa, and stove is chilled to below 200 ℃ and comes out of the stove then, leaves use to be cast in 200 ℃ the baking oven in.
(4) smelting and pouring in the vacuum consumable electrode skull crucible of 1000kg, casting mold directly takes out shove charge from baking oven, and model temperature must be greater than 100 ℃.Adopt Φ 350 electrodes, melting electric current 38000A, melting vacuum is less than 1Pa.
Embodiment one,The production material trademark is 702C, the centrifugal pump impeller of CZx100-250, and concrete technology is as follows:
(1) adopt the method for machining and manual shovel system to be processed into the centrifugal pump impeller graphite casting mould in graphited electrode graphite material according to the casting technique drawing.
(2) with 100 ℃ of the graphite casting mould preheatings that process, and then the graphite core that contacts with liquid metal surface is with the uniform brushing one deck ceramic coating of thin brush, and THICKNESS CONTROL is at 0.2mm.The preparation of ceramic coating according to percentage by weight with 40% electric smelting Y
2O
3Powder is progressively put into 59% sol bonded yttrium agent, fire-resistant Y
2O
3The powder degree is less than 250 orders, stirs 2 hours with mould wash mixer, puts into 0.9% surfactant JFC and 0.1% defoamer n-butanol again and mixes and be prepared into.
(3) graphite casting mould is after coating, but coating air dry 8h.And then be heated to 450 ℃ of insulation 2h in the vacuum drying oven, be heated to 4 hours vacuum degassings of 1000 ℃ of insulations then.The process vacuum of giving vent to anger is not less than 50Pa, and stove is chilled to below 200 ℃ and comes out of the stove then, leaves use to be cast in 200 ℃ the baking oven in.
(4) smelting and pouring in the vacuum consumable electrode skull crucible of 1000kg, casting mold directly takes out shove charge from baking oven, and model temperature must be greater than 100 ℃.Adopt Φ 350 electrodes, material trademark is R60702, melting electric current 38000A, and melting vacuum is less than 1Pa.
Embodiment two,Produce material trademark 705C, model is the centrifugal pump body of CZx100-250, and concrete technology is as follows:
(1) adopt the method for machining and manual shovel system to be processed into the centrifugal pump body graphite casting mould in graphited electrode graphite material according to the casting technique drawing.
(2) with 100 ℃ of the graphite casting mould preheatings that process, and then the graphite core that contacts with liquid metal surface is with the uniform brushing one deck ceramic coating of thin brush, and THICKNESS CONTROL is at 0.1 mm or 0.3mm.The preparation of ceramic coating according to percentage by weight with 40% electric smelting Y
2O
3Powder is progressively put into 59% sol bonded yttrium agent, fire-resistant Y
2O
3The powder degree is less than 200 orders, stirs 2 hours with mould wash mixer, puts into 0.9% surfactant JFC and 0.1% defoamer n-butanol again and mixes and be prepared into.
(3) graphite casting mould is after coating, but coating air dry 8h.And then be heated to 450 ℃ of insulation 2h in the vacuum drying oven, be heated to 4 hours vacuum degassings of 1000 ℃ of insulations then.The process vacuum of giving vent to anger is not less than 50Pa, and stove is chilled to below 200 ℃ and comes out of the stove then, leaves use to be cast in 200 ℃ the baking oven in.
(4) smelting and pouring in the vacuum consumable electrode skull crucible of 1000kg, casting mold directly takes out shove charge from baking oven, and model temperature must be greater than 100 ℃.Adopt Φ 350 electrodes, material trademark is R60705, melting electric current 38000A, and melting vacuum is less than 1Pa.
Claims (3)
1. the production method of zirconium and zircaloy heavy castings is characterized in that: its processing step:
(1) graphite casting mould machining preparation; Adopt the method for machining and manual shovel system to be processed into graphite casting mould in graphited electrode graphite material according to the casting technique drawing;
(2) ceramic layer coating configuration; At normal temperatures and pressures, ceramic coating is by 200～300 purpose electric smelting Y
2O
3Powder 40%, yttrium colloidal sol 59%, surfactant JFC0.9%, defoamer n-butanol 0.1% mix to stir and make, and above-mentioned percentage is mass percent;
(3) with 100 ℃ of the graphite casting mould preheatings that process, the coating for preparing is painted on the whose surfaces that contacts with liquid metal in the model uniformly with thin brush, coating layer thickness is 0.1～0.3mm;
(4) graphite casting mould is after coating, and coating air dry 1～10h is heated to 450 ℃ of insulation 2h then in vacuum drying oven, be heated to 4 hours vacuum degassings of 1000 ℃ of insulations then, and the process vacuum of giving vent to anger is not less than 50Pa;
(5) model is chilled to 200 ℃ with stove and comes out of the stove, and it is to be cast to leave in the baking oven 200 ℃ of insulations etc. after coming out of the stove in;
(6) adopt smelting and pouring in the vacuum consumable skull crucible; Smelting and pouring in the vacuum consumable electrode skull crucible of 1000kg, casting mold directly take out shove charge from baking oven, model temperature must adopt Φ 350 electrodes greater than 100 ℃, melting electric current 38000A, and melting vacuum is less than 1Pa;
(7) cast back foundry goods cools to the furnace below 200 ℃ and comes out of the stove;
Form finished product through sand removal, polishing, check.
2. the production method of zirconium according to claim 1 and zircaloy heavy castings is characterized in that: the graphite core surface institute ceramic coating of brushing disposes: at normal temperatures and pressures, be by 200～300 purpose electric smelting Y
2O
3Powder 35～45%, yttrium colloidal sol 54～65%, surfactant JFC0.5～1.2%, defoamer n-butanol 0.5～1.0% mixes to stir and makes, and above-mentioned percentage is mass percent, and each component adopts any number in its scope, itself and numerical value are 100%, and dope viscosity is controlled at 20～50s.
3. the production method of zirconium according to claim 1 and 2 and zircaloy heavy castings is characterized in that: the graphite core surface institute ceramic coating of brushing disposes: at normal temperatures and pressures, ceramic coating is by 200～300 purpose electric smelting Y
2O
3Powder 40%, yttrium colloidal sol 59%, surfactant JFC0.9%, defoamer n-butanol 0.1% mix to stir and make, and above-mentioned percentage is mass percent, and dope viscosity is controlled at 20～50s.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102728778A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2012-10-17 | 西安泵阀总厂有限公司 | Sand mould casting process for titanium and titanium alloy castings |
| CN103317114A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2013-09-25 | 沈阳铸造研究所 | Metal-mold precision casting method for zirconium and zirconium alloy |
| CN105364003A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2016-03-02 | 无锡市永亿精密铸造有限公司 | Process for manufacturing zirconium alloy precision connecting special-shaped pieces |
| CN105880464A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-08-24 | 洛阳双瑞精铸钛业有限公司 | Graphite mould casting method for large thin-walled titanium alloy castings |
| CN107737881A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-02-27 | 洛阳双瑞精铸钛业有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the titanium alloy graphite molds casting with small gaps |
| CN109175250A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-11 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | A kind of graphite casting mould casting method that can partially reuse |
| CN113385624A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-09-14 | 宝鸡市渭滨区怡鑫金属加工厂 | Preparation process of high-performance zirconium alloy die forging |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002092260A1 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2002-11-21 | Santoku America, Inc. | Castings of alloys with isotropic graphite molds |
| CN101590511A (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2009-12-02 | 沈阳北方钛工业有限公司 | A kind of process of producing zirconium and zircaloy pump, valve precision casting |
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2010
- 2010-11-03 CN CN2010105293585A patent/CN101947648B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002092260A1 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2002-11-21 | Santoku America, Inc. | Castings of alloys with isotropic graphite molds |
| CN101590511A (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2009-12-02 | 沈阳北方钛工业有限公司 | A kind of process of producing zirconium and zircaloy pump, valve precision casting |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102728778A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2012-10-17 | 西安泵阀总厂有限公司 | Sand mould casting process for titanium and titanium alloy castings |
| CN102728778B (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2015-02-11 | 西安泵阀总厂有限公司 | Sand mould casting process for titanium and titanium alloy castings |
| CN103317114A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2013-09-25 | 沈阳铸造研究所 | Metal-mold precision casting method for zirconium and zirconium alloy |
| CN103317114B (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-08-05 | 沈阳铸造研究所 | A kind of metal mold casting method for zircaloy |
| CN105364003A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2016-03-02 | 无锡市永亿精密铸造有限公司 | Process for manufacturing zirconium alloy precision connecting special-shaped pieces |
| CN105880464A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-08-24 | 洛阳双瑞精铸钛业有限公司 | Graphite mould casting method for large thin-walled titanium alloy castings |
| CN105880464B (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2018-02-06 | 洛阳双瑞精铸钛业有限公司 | A kind of graphite mold casting method of large-scale thin-wall titanium alloy casting |
| CN107737881A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-02-27 | 洛阳双瑞精铸钛业有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the titanium alloy graphite molds casting with small gaps |
| CN109175250A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-11 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | A kind of graphite casting mould casting method that can partially reuse |
| CN113385624A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-09-14 | 宝鸡市渭滨区怡鑫金属加工厂 | Preparation process of high-performance zirconium alloy die forging |
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| CN101947648B (en) | 2012-04-18 |
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