CN101814142A - Handwriting character input device and character processing method - Google Patents
Handwriting character input device and character processing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a handwriting character input device and a character processing method. The handwriting character input device comprises a handwriting input part, a character pattern identification part, a storage part, a conversion part and a display part. Furthermore, the handwriting character input device also comprises a character profile cut part, a main axis calculation part, a tilt angle calculation part and a character correction part, wherein the character profile cut part cuts a handwriting input character profile, and the character profile encloses the handwriting input character pattern; the main axis calculation part calculates the moment main axis of the character profile cut by the character profile cut part; the tilt angle calculation part calculates a tilt angle of the moment main axis acquired by the main axis calculation part relatively to a predetermined reference axis; the character correction part rotates the character pattern at the tilt angle to ensure that the moment main shaft is roughly parallel to the reference axis; the conversion part converts the rotated character pattern into character data; and the display part displays the character data.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a handwritten character input device and a character processing method, and more particularly, to a handwritten character input device and a character processing method suitable for processing handwritten characters input obliquely.
Background
In recent years, many input devices have been equipped with a handwriting input function in various fields. For example, in a conventional navigation device, characters such as chinese characters and numerals can be input by handwriting. For example, after a user inputs handwriting on a display unit, coordinates of the input handwriting are transmitted to a recognition engine (i.e., software for recognizing the input handwriting), and after the recognition engine recognizes the handwriting, result information for displaying a recognized result is generated by a display driver, and the result information is transmitted to the display unit, and is displayed on the display unit in a form selectable by the user.
However, the handwriting input described above has the following problems: if the user inputs an oblique character by handwriting, the recognition engine cannot obtain a correct recognition result even if handwriting coordinates of the oblique character are transmitted to the recognition engine, and therefore, the result displayed on the display unit at the end is likely not to be a result desired by the user and the handwriting input cannot be performed correctly.
In order to solve the above problem, patent document 1 discloses a handwritten character input device. When a user inputs a line of characters by handwriting, the handwritten character input device cuts out each character in the line of characters, sets a character outline for each cut character, connects the centers of the character outlines of the characters to generate a reference line to indicate the inclination of the line of characters, calculates the inclination angle of the character outline with respect to a direction as a reference using the reference line, and corrects the inclination of the character outline.
However, in patent document 1, the handwritten character input device generates a reference line by connecting the centers of character outlines of one line of characters, calculates and corrects the inclination angles of the character outlines of the respective characters of the one line of characters. However, when the user inputs only one character, only the center of one character outline exists, and therefore, the reference line cannot be generated, the inclination angle of the character outline of the character cannot be determined, and the correction cannot be performed. Therefore, the handwritten character input device disclosed in patent document 1 requires a user to input at least two or more characters by handwriting, and has a problem that the user cannot perform the inclination correction when inputting only one character.
Further, patent document 2 discloses a handwritten pattern recognition apparatus. After a user inputs handwriting, the user inputs a line segment along the lower side or the right side of a handwritten pattern as inclination information, and the handwritten pattern recognition apparatus detects an inclination angle and an input direction of the handwritten pattern from two-dimensional coordinate data of the inclination information, performs rotation correction on the handwritten pattern according to the inclination angle, and displays a pattern recognition result according to the input direction of the handwritten pattern.
However, in patent document 2, the handwritten pattern recognition apparatus calculates and corrects the inclination angle of the pattern using a line segment input by the user on the lower side or the right side of the handwritten pattern as inclination information. Therefore, in the handwritten pattern recognition apparatus disclosed in patent document 2, the user needs to input an extra line segment in addition to the pattern by handwriting, which has a problem of affecting the speed of handwriting input.
Patent document 1: japanese laid-open patent publication 2007-316754
Patent document 2: japanese patent laid-open No. 9-97311
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a handwritten character input device and a character processing method that can recognize an oblique character input by handwriting without requiring additional handwriting input by a user.
In order to achieve the above object, a handwritten character input device according to the present invention includes: a handwriting input unit for inputting characters by handwriting; a character pattern recognition unit that recognizes the character pattern input by handwriting; a storage unit that stores character data as a reference; a conversion unit that converts the character pattern recognized by the character pattern recognition unit into the character data corresponding to the character pattern; and a display unit for displaying the character data converted by the conversion unit; the handwritten character input device is characterized by comprising: a character outline cutting unit for cutting out a character outline surrounding the character pattern input by handwriting; a main axis calculating part for calculating a moment main axis of the character outline cut by the character outline cutting part; an inclination angle calculation unit that calculates an inclination angle of the moment spindle obtained by the spindle calculation unit with respect to a predetermined reference axis; and a character correction unit that rotates the character pattern by the inclination angle so that the moment main axis is substantially parallel to the reference axis; the character pattern after the rotation is converted into character data by the conversion unit, and the character data is displayed by the display unit.
Further, the handwritten character input device of the present invention may further include: an angle determination unit configured to determine whether or not the tilt angle obtained by the tilt angle calculation unit is equal to or greater than a predetermined angle; the character correcting unit rotates the character pattern only when the angle is equal to or larger than a predetermined angle as a result of the determination by the angle determining unit, and converts the character pattern into character data by the converting unit without rotating the character pattern when the angle is smaller than the predetermined angle.
Further, the handwritten character input device of the present invention may further include: a starting point and end point extracting part for extracting the starting point and the end point of each handwriting of the character input by handwriting; and a connection point extracting unit that extracts a plurality of start points and/or end points as connection points from all the start points and end points extracted by the start-end point extracting unit; the character outline cutting unit connects the connection points extracted by the connection point extraction unit and generates a character outline.
In addition, the handwritten character input device of the present invention may be configured such that: the connection point extracting unit extracts, from among all the start points and end points extracted by the start point and end point extracting unit, the leftmost point as a first connection point, searches for other start points and end points in the order of right direction, lower left direction, upper right direction, and upper right direction from the first connection point, extracts a first searched point as a second connection point, further searches for other start points and end points in the order from the second connection point, extracts a first searched point as a third connection point, and repeats the search until the first connection point is extracted again as a connection point; the character outline cutting unit generates the character outline by connecting all the connection points extracted by the connection point extraction unit in a straight line in order from a first connection point.
In addition, the handwritten character input device of the present invention may be configured such that: the connection point extracting unit determines that the search result of the 2 nd time is invalid and searches for a connection point from another start point or end point different from the first connection point when the same connection point except the first connection point is searched for 2 times before the search of the connection point is completed.
In addition, the handwritten character input device of the present invention may be configured such that: the main axis calculating unit calculates a center of gravity of the character outline cut by the character outline cutting unit, calculates a matrix of inertial mass from coordinates of the center of gravity, and calculates an eigenvector of the matrix of inertial mass as the moment main axis.
The handwritten character input device of the present invention may further include: and a timer for starting timing when the start/end point extraction unit recognizes the start point of the handwriting, and if the timing value of the timer reaches a predetermined value set in advance and the start/end point extraction unit does not recognize the end point of the handwriting, resetting the timer with the coordinates of the recognition position of the start/end point extraction unit at that time as the end point of the handwriting, and setting the coordinates of the recognition position as the start point of the next handwriting.
The handwritten character input device of the present invention may further include: and a selecting unit configured to delete the start point and/or the end point, in which the coordinates of the character pattern recognized by the character pattern recognizing unit are present in all of the four directions, i.e., the up, down, left, and right directions, from the search objects of the connection point extracting unit, among all of the start points and the end points extracted by the start point and end point extracting unit.
The handwritten character input device of the present invention may further include: and a character handwriting encoding unit for encoding each handwriting of the character based on the coordinates of the start point and the end point of each handwriting of the character extracted by the start and end point extracting unit.
The handwritten character input device of the present invention may further include: and a character reduction unit that calculates the height of the character rotated by the character correction unit, and if the height is larger than the height of the recognition area of the character pattern recognition unit, reduces the character to a height equal to or smaller than the height of the recognition area of the character pattern recognition unit.
In addition, the invention also provides a character processing method, which comprises the following steps: recognizing a character pattern input by handwriting; cutting out character outlines which surround the character patterns input by handwriting; calculating a moment principal axis of the character outline; calculating the inclination angle of the moment main shaft relative to a predetermined reference shaft; rotating the character pattern by the inclination angle so that the moment principal axis is substantially parallel to the reference axis; and converting the rotated character pattern into character data and displaying the character data.
In addition, the invention also provides a navigation device which is provided with the handwritten character input device provided by the invention.
According to the handwritten character input device and the character processing method, the inclined characters input by handwriting can be recognized without additional handwriting input of a user, and the speed of handwriting input and the accuracy of handwriting recognition are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a handwritten character input device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of the operation of the handwritten character input device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a "down" character showing a tilt of a handwriting input.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the marking of the beginning and end points of handwriting.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing numbering of the beginning and end points of handwriting.
Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the marking of boundary points.
Fig. 7 is a diagram showing connection of boundary points and generation of a complete character outline enclosing the character.
Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the center of gravity and the principal axis.
Fig. 9 is a diagram showing an angle between the tilt angle and the reference axis Y axis.
Detailed Description
The structure of the handwritten character input device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a handwritten character input device 10 according to the present invention. In the figure, a handwritten character input device 10 includes: a handwriting input unit 11, a character outline cutting unit 12, a main axis calculation unit 13, a tilt angle calculation unit 14, a character correction unit 15, a character pattern recognition unit 16, a storage unit 17, a conversion unit 18, and a display unit 19. The above structure will be described in detail below.
< handwriting input unit 11>
The handwriting input unit 11 is used for a user to input characters by handwriting, and may be, for example, a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display. A user performs a touch operation on the touch-sensitive liquid crystal display panel with a stylus pen or the like to input a character, and handwriting coordinates of the character are stored in a memory (not shown). The memory may be, for example, a RAM (random access memory) or the like.
< character outline cutting section 12>
The character outline cutting unit 12 cuts out a character outline surrounding a character pattern input by handwriting. First, the character outline cutting section 12 reads the handwriting coordinates stored in a memory (not shown). Then, the character outline cutting unit 12 generates a complete character outline surrounding the character based on the handwriting coordinates, and cuts the character outline.
As a specific configuration of the character outline cutting unit 12, for example, a start/end point extracting unit 121 and a connection point extracting unit 122 may be provided. The functions of the start/end point extracting unit 121 and the connection point extracting unit 122 will be described in detail below.
< Point extraction section 121>
The start/end point extracting unit 121 extracts the start point and the end point of each handwriting of the character input by handwriting based on the handwriting coordinates stored in the memory. As a method for extracting the start point and the end point of each handwriting, for example, the coordinates of the position where the stylus pen starts to contact the touch-sensitive liquid crystal display screen may be used as the start point of the handwriting, and the coordinates of the last position where the stylus pen keeps contact with the touch-sensitive liquid crystal display screen later may be used as the end point of the handwriting.
In addition, a timer may be provided. When the start/end point extracting unit 121 recognizes the start point of a certain handwriting, the timer is started. If the timing value of the timer reaches a preset specified value and the starting and ending point extraction unit 121 does not recognize the ending point of the handwriting, the coordinates of the position where the stylus pen contacts the touch-type liquid crystal display screen at the moment are used as the ending point of the handwriting, and the timer is reset. Then, the coordinates of the position are used as the starting point of the next handwriting, a timer is started, and the above operations are repeated until the starting point and ending point extracting unit 121 recognizes the last position where the stylus pen keeps contact with the touch display screen, and the last position is used as the ending point of the next handwriting.
Therefore, by adding the timer in the recognition process of the start and end point extraction part 121, when the handwriting is long (i.e. the time for which the stylus pen is kept in contact with the touch display screen is long), the coordinates of one or more positions in the handwriting can be additionally acquired, so that the accuracy of the operation of the character outline cutting part 12 can be improved.
< connection point extraction section 122>
The connection point extracting unit 122 extracts a plurality of start points and/or end points as connection points from all the start points and end points extracted by the start point and end point extracting unit 121. Specifically, the following extraction manner may be adopted.
First, the connection point extracting unit 122 extracts the leftmost point from all the start points and end points extracted by the start/end point extracting unit 121 as a first connection point (X)1，Y1). Here, the leftmost point refers to a point selected from all of the start points and end points, the point having the largest Y coordinate value, and if the Y coordinate values of a plurality of points are the same, the point selected from the plurality of points having the smallest X coordinate value.
Next, other starting points and end points are searched for from the first connection point in the order of right direction, lower left direction, upper right direction, and the point searched for first is extracted as a second connection point. Specifically, for example, the coordinate (X) of the first connection point may be used1，Y1) Establishing a polar coordinate system for the pole, and converting other coordinates of the starting point and the end point into a polar coordinate (r) in the polar coordinate systemn，φn) Wherein, the positive direction of the X axis is the polar axis direction of the polar coordinate system, and the angle phinTaking the anticlockwise direction as the positive direction. Thus, phi is selected among other polar coordinates of the start and end pointsnThe largest point is the second connection point. If there is more than one point phinIf they are the same, the radius r is selectednThe smaller point acts as the second connection point.
Further, other starting points and end points are searched for from the second connection point in the above-described order, and the point searched for first is extracted as a third connection point. The specific method is the same as the extraction method of the second connection point, and is not described in detail. This search is repeated until the first connection point is extracted again as a connection point, and the search is terminated.
In addition, if the search is performed 2 times for the same connection point except for the first connection point before the search for the connection point based on the above-described procedure is completed, the connection point extracting unit 122 regards the search result of the 2 nd time as invalid, and starts searching for the connection point from another start point or end point different from the connection point.
Thus, the connection point extracting unit 122 extracts a plurality of start points and/or end points as connection points from all the start points and end points extracted by the start/end point extracting unit 121.
As described above, the character outline cutting unit 12 extracts a plurality of connection points from the handwriting coordinates stored in the memory by the start and end point extracting unit 121 and the connection point extracting unit 122. Then, the character outline cutting section 12 connects the connection points in a straight line, for example, to generate a complete character outline surrounding the character, and cuts the character outline.
< spindle calculating section 13>
The main axis calculating unit 13 calculates a moment main axis of the character outline cut by the character outline cutting unit 12. In reference 1, the principal axes of the rigid bodies are eigenvectors of the inertial mass matrix according to Mechanics knowledge and Goldstein (Goldstein) conclusion (reference 1: classic Mechanics Reading; H.Goldstein, classic Mechanics Reading [ J ], MA.Addision-Wesley, 1980). Specifically, the following calculation method can be employed.
First, with (X)i，Yi，Zi) The number of points on the outline is set to N.
Next, the center of gravity (X) of the character outline is calculated according to the following formulag，Yg，Zg)：
(formula 1) Xg＝∑Xi/N
Yg＝∑Yi/N
Zg＝∑Zi/N
Furthermore, from the mechanical knowledge, the inertial mass matrix I can be expressed as:
(formula 2)
Wherein, because the character is a plane figure, the coordinate value of Z axle is 0, can know:
Ixx＝∑[(Yi-Yg)2]
Iyy＝∑[(Xi-Xg)2]
Izz＝∑[(Xi-Xg)2+(Yi-Yg)2]
Ixy＝∑[(Xi-Xg)(Yi-Yg)]
Iyz＝∑[(Yi-Yg)(Zi-Zg)]＝0
Izx＝∑[(Zi-Zg)(Xi-Xg)]＝0
Iyx＝Ixy
Izy＝Iyz＝0
Ixz＝Izx＝0
from the Goldstein conclusion, the principal axis of the rigid body is the eigenvector of the inertial mass matrix. Therefore, by obtaining the normalized eigenvector E of the inertial mass matrix I, the principal axis of the character outline can be obtained.
< inclination angle calculation section 14>
The tilt angle calculation unit 14 calculates a tilt angle of the moment spindle obtained by the spindle calculation unit 13 with respect to a predetermined reference axis. As is known from reference 1, the angle of rotation of the rigid body with respect to the coordinate axis can be calculated from the normalized eigenvector of the inertial mass matrix. In the embodiment of the present invention, the Y-axis is taken as the reference axis, so that only the rotation angle of the character outline (i.e., the rigid body) with respect to the Y-axis needs to be calculated. Moreover, since the character is a plane figure and the coordinate values of the Z axis are all 0, the rotation angle of the outline of the character with respect to the Y axis is the angle between the character and the Y axis.
Since the normalized eigenvector E of the inertial mass matrix I is equal to the rotation matrix R (α, β, γ), where α, β, γ are the rotation angles of the rigid body around the X, Y, Z axes, respectively. Namely:
(formula 3) E ═ R
Wherein,
thus, we find:
(equation 4) β ═ arcsin (e31)
γ＝arcsin(-e21/cosβ)
α＝arcsin(-e32/cosβ)
Thus, the rotation angle β of the character outline with respect to the Y axis is obtained as arcsin (e 31). That is, the character is at an angle arcsin (e31) to the Y-axis.
< character correction section 15>
The character correction unit 15 rotates the character pattern by an inclination angle so that the moment principal axis is substantially parallel to the reference axis. Since the tilt angle calculation unit 14 calculates an angle arcsin between the moment principal axis of the character and the Y axis (e31), the character correction unit 15 rotates the character in the counterclockwise direction arcsin (e 31). Thereby, the moment principal axis of the character is made substantially parallel to the Y axis.
< character pattern recognition section 16>
The character pattern recognition unit 16 recognizes a character pattern of a handwritten input. After the character correction unit 15 corrects the character, the moment principal axis is made substantially parallel to the Y axis, and the character pattern recognition unit 16 recognizes the corrected character pattern.
< storage section 17>
The storage unit 17 is used to store character data as a reference, and may be a storage medium such as an HDD (hard disk drive), for example. The storage unit 17 may be realized by an external memory, or may be updated via the internet, a wireless network, an external memory, or the like.
< conversion section 18>
The conversion unit 18 converts the character pattern into character data corresponding to the character pattern based on the character pattern recognized by the character pattern recognition unit 16 and the character data stored as a reference in the storage unit 17.
< display part 19>
The display unit 19 displays the character data converted by the conversion unit 18. The display unit may be implemented by a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display provided in the handwriting input unit 11, or may be implemented by a monochrome display, a color display, or the like, for example, separately from the touch-sensitive liquid crystal display.
The operation flow of the handwritten character input device of the present invention will be described below with reference to examples. Fig. 2 is a flowchart of the operation of the handwritten character input device of the present invention. For example, the user may input the tilted chinese character "down" by handwriting.
In step S1, as shown in fig. 3, the user inputs the tilted chinese character "down" through the handwriting input section 11.
In step S2, handwriting coordinates of the character pattern of the "down" character handwritten by the user are saved to the memory.
In step S3, the start/end point extracting unit 121 extracts the start point and the end point of each handwriting from the handwriting coordinates of the "down" character stored in step S2. As shown in fig. 4, a circle mark point (°) is a start point representing the extracted handwriting, and a triangle mark point (°) is an end point representing the extracted handwriting. For convenience of explanation, in fig. 5, the start point and the end point of each handwriting are numbered.
In this embodiment, a timer is set to extract the starting point of the handwriting. The timer starts timing when the start point and end point extracting part 121 recognizes the start point of a certain handwriting, and if the timing value of the timer reaches a preset specified value and the end point of the handwriting is not recognized, the coordinate of the position where the stylus pen is in contact with the touch type liquid crystal display screen at the moment is taken as the end point of the handwriting, and the timer is reset. For example, in the present embodiment, when a stroke of a horizontal stroke from the mark point 7 to the mark point 10 shown in fig. 5 for writing the "down" word is written, since the stroke is long, the specified value preset by the timer is reached even though the stroke is not yet written at the mark point 8, so that the mark point 8 is extracted as a start point, and then the timer is reset. Then, the coordinates of the position are set as the starting point (mark point 9) of the next handwriting, a timer is started, and the above operation is repeated until the starting point and ending point extracting unit 121 recognizes the last position where the stylus pen is kept in contact with the touch display screen as the ending point (mark point 24) of the next handwriting. By the above operations, several starting or ending points of 8, 9, 18, 19 are additionally obtained.
In step S4, the connection point extracting unit 122 extracts a plurality of start points and end points as connection points from all the start points and end points extracted by the start point extracting unit 121 in step S3. First, starting with the leftmost point (i.e., point 1 in fig. 5), other start points and end points are searched for in the order of right direction, lower down left direction, upper direction, and upper right direction. Thereby, the point 4 is retrieved as the second connection point in the lower right direction. Subsequently, the search is performed in the same order from the second connection point 4, and the search is performed in the lower left direction to find the point 12. Such operations are repeated until point 1 is retrieved again, after which the retrieval is ended. All the connection points finally extracted are star-labeled points (it) as shown in fig. 6.
In step S5, the character outline cutting unit 12 connects the connection points extracted by the connection point extraction unit 122 in step S4 in a straight line in order. As shown in fig. 7, a complete character outline enclosing "tang" is generated and cut out.
In step S6, the main axis calculating unit 13 calculates the center of gravity and the moment main axis of the character outline cut by the character outline cutting unit 12 in step S5. As shown in FIG. 8, the calculated center of gravity of the "Tang" character is marked by the solid circle point O (●), and the calculated major axis of the character outline is indicated by the dashed line A.
In step S7, the tilt angle calculation unit 14 calculates the tilt angle of the moment spindle obtained by the spindle calculation unit 13 in step S6 with respect to a predetermined reference axis. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the reference axis is regarded as the Y axis, and an angle β between the principal axis of moment (dashed line a in the figure) and the Y axis (straight line Y in the figure) is an inclination angle of the "down" with respect to the reference axis.
In step S8, the character correction unit 15 rotates the moment principal axis of the "down" character calculated by the inclination angle calculation unit 14 in step S7 by the angle β in the counterclockwise direction, and makes the moment principal axis of the "down" character parallel to the reference axis Y.
In step S9, the character pattern recognition unit 16 recognizes the "down" character rotated by the angle β in step S8.
In step S10, the conversion unit 18 converts the character pattern recognized by the character pattern recognition unit 16 in step S9 into corresponding character data based on the character data stored as a reference in the storage unit 17. Here, the conversion section 18 converts the character pattern into character data corresponding to "down".
In step S11, the display unit 19 displays the character data corresponding to the "down" converted by the conversion unit 18 in step S10, that is, the display unit 19 displays the chinese character "down".
The above describes one embodiment of the handwritten character input device of the present invention. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment, and various modifications may be made within the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims. Some modifications of the present invention are presented below.
(1) The handwritten character input device of the present invention may further include a sorting unit. Before the connecting point extracting unit 122 performs the search, the selecting unit performs the selection based on the following restriction conditions among all the start points and the end points extracted by the start point and end point extracting unit 121. That is, if there are handwriting coordinates recognized by the character pattern recognition unit 16 and stored in the memory in all of the four directions of up, down, left, and right of a certain start point or end point, the start point or end point is deleted from the start point and end point to be searched for, and the start point or end point is not searched for.
Specifically, for example, the start point and end point coordinates extracted by the start point and end point extracting unit 121 may be coordinates (X) for a certain start point or end pointn，Yn) In the handwriting coordinates recognized by the character pattern recognition section 16 and stored in the memory, coordinates (a) of four points exist1，b1)、(a2，b2)、
(a3，b3)、(a4，b4) Satisfies the following conditions:
(equation 5) a1＝Xn＝a2
b1＜Yn＜b2
a3＜Xn＜a4
b3＝Ym＝b4
The start point or the end point is deleted from the search object of the connection point extraction section 122.
By providing the selection unit in this way, the search target of the connection point extraction unit 122 can be reduced, and the search speed of the connection point extraction unit 122 can be increased, thereby increasing the processing speed of the handwritten character input device of the present invention.
(2) The handwritten character input device of the present invention may further include an angle determination unit. The angle determination unit determines whether or not the inclination angle obtained by the inclination angle calculation unit 14 is equal to or greater than a predetermined angle, and the character correction unit 15 rotates the character pattern only when the inclination angle is equal to or greater than the predetermined angle as a result of the determination, and converts the character pattern into character data by the conversion unit 18 without rotating the character pattern when the inclination angle is smaller than the predetermined angle.
For example, the predetermined angle may be set to 5 degrees in advance, and if the inclination angle calculated by the inclination angle calculation unit 14 is 5 degrees or more, the character correction unit 15 may rotate the character pattern. On the other hand, if the inclination angle is less than 5 degrees, the character pattern is directly converted into character data by the conversion unit 18 without rotating the character pattern.
By providing the angle determination unit in this way, it is possible to reduce unnecessary operations of the character correction unit 15 and increase the processing speed of the handwritten character input device of the present invention by not performing a correction operation on characters whose inclination angle is small and which do not affect the recognition operation of the character pattern recognition unit 16.
(3) In the handwritten character input device of the present invention, a character handwriting encoding section may be further provided. The character handwriting encoding unit analyzes the coordinate characteristics of each handwriting based on the coordinates of the start point and the end point extracted by the start point and end point extracting unit 121, and calculates the gradient of the line segment from the start point to the end point of the handwriting. Therefore, the handwriting is divided into horizontal, vertical, left-falling and right-falling. And finally, the character handwriting coding part codes the handwriting to generate the handwriting code of the character.
Specifically, for example, the start point coordinate of a certain handwriting extracted by the start/end point extracting unit 121 is (U)1，V1) The coordinate of the end point is (U)2，V2) Then the inclination of the script with respect to the Y-axis and the basic script type are shown in the following table.
(Table 1)
| X axis coordinate | Y-axis seatSign board | Gradient (°) | Basic handwriting type |
| U1＜U2 | V1＝V2 | 90 | Horizontal bar |
| X axis coordinate | Y-axis coordinate | Gradient (°) | Basic handwriting type |
| U1＝U2 | V1＞V2 | 0 | Vertical |
| U1＞U2 | V1＞V2 | ＞0 | Skimming principle |
| U1＜U2 | V1＞V2 | ＜0 | A method of making a ball |
In a character, each handwriting divided into horizontal, vertical, left-falling and right-falling types is encoded in sequence. The coding rules can be specified, for example, as shown in the table below.
(Table 2)
| Basic handwriting coding | Coded display |
| Horizontal bar | 1 |
| Vertical | 2 |
| Skimming principle | 3 |
| A method of making a ball | 4 |
Thus, by providing the character trace encoding unit, each trace of the character can be encoded, and the recognition operation by the character pattern recognition unit 16 can be facilitated.
(4) The handwritten character input device of the present invention may further include a character reduction unit. The character reduction unit calculates the height of the character rotated by the character correction unit 15, and if the height is larger than the height of the recognition area of the character pattern recognition unit 16 set in advance, reduces the character to a height equal to or smaller than the height of the recognition area of the character pattern recognition unit 16.
Since the height of the character input obliquely after rotation may be higher than the height of the character input not obliquely, when the character pattern recognition unit 16 recognizes the character pattern rotated by the character correction unit 15, the height of the character after rotation may exceed the height of the recognition area of the character pattern recognition unit 16, which may result in incomplete recognition. By providing the character reduction unit, the character height can be reduced appropriately, and the character pattern recognition unit 16 can be ensured to recognize the rotated character completely.
(5) In the above embodiment, the connection point extracting unit 122 uses the leftmost point as the first connection point from among all the start points and end points extracted by the start and end point extracting unit 121, searches for other start points and end points in the order of the right direction, the lower left direction, the upper right direction, and the upper right direction from the first connection point, and extracts the first searched point as the second connection point. However, a point in an arbitrary direction (for example, the rightmost point) may be used as the first connection point, and other start points and end points may be searched in an arbitrary order, and the first searched point may be extracted as the second connection point.
(6) The handwritten character input device can be applied to a navigation device, provides the navigation device which can recognize the inclined characters input by handwriting without additional handwriting input of a user, and improves the handwriting input speed and the handwriting recognition accuracy of the navigation device.
Claims (12)
1. A handwritten character input device is provided with: a handwriting input unit for inputting characters by handwriting; a character pattern recognition unit that recognizes the character pattern input by handwriting; a storage unit that stores character data as a reference; a conversion unit that converts the character pattern recognized by the character pattern recognition unit into the character data corresponding to the character pattern; and a display unit for displaying the character data converted by the conversion unit; the handwritten character input device is characterized by comprising:
a character outline cutting unit for cutting out a character outline surrounding the character pattern input by handwriting;
a main axis calculating part for calculating a moment main axis of the character outline cut by the character outline cutting part;
an inclination angle calculation unit that calculates an inclination angle of the moment spindle obtained by the spindle calculation unit with respect to a predetermined reference axis; and
a character correction unit that rotates the character pattern by the inclination angle so that the moment main axis is substantially parallel to the reference axis;
the character pattern after the rotation is converted into character data by the conversion unit, and the character data is displayed by the display unit.
2. The handwritten character input device according to claim 1, comprising:
an angle determination unit configured to determine whether or not the tilt angle obtained by the tilt angle calculation unit is equal to or greater than a predetermined angle;
the character correcting unit rotates the character pattern only when the angle is equal to or larger than a predetermined angle as a result of the determination by the angle determining unit, and converts the character pattern into character data by the converting unit without rotating the character pattern when the angle is smaller than the predetermined angle.
3. The handwritten character input device according to claim 1, comprising:
a starting point and end point extracting part for extracting the starting point and the end point of each handwriting of the character input by handwriting; and
a connection point extracting unit that extracts a plurality of start points and/or end points as connection points from all the start points and end points extracted by the start-end point extracting unit;
the character outline cutting unit connects the connection points extracted by the connection point extraction unit and generates a character outline.
4. The handwritten character input device of claim 3,
the connection point extracting unit extracts, from among all the start points and end points extracted by the start point and end point extracting unit, the leftmost point as a first connection point, searches for other start points and end points in the order of right direction, lower left direction, upper right direction, and upper right direction from the first connection point, extracts a first searched point as a second connection point, further searches for other start points and end points in the order from the second connection point, extracts a first searched point as a third connection point, and repeats the search until the first connection point is extracted again as a connection point;
the character outline cutting unit generates the character outline by connecting all the connection points extracted by the connection point extraction unit in a straight line in order from a first connection point.
5. The handwritten character input device of claim 4,
the connection point extracting unit determines that the search result of the 2 nd time is invalid and searches for a connection point from another start point or end point different from the first connection point when the same connection point except the first connection point is searched for 2 times before the search of the connection point is completed.
6. The handwritten character input device of claim 1,
the main axis calculating unit calculates a center of gravity of the character outline cut by the character outline cutting unit, calculates a matrix of inertial mass from coordinates of the center of gravity, and calculates an eigenvector of the matrix of inertial mass as the moment main axis.
7. The handwritten character input device according to claim 3, further comprising:
and a timer for starting timing when the start/end point extraction unit recognizes the start point of the handwriting, and if the timing value of the timer reaches a predetermined value set in advance and the start/end point extraction unit does not recognize the end point of the handwriting, resetting the timer with the coordinates of the recognition position of the start/end point extraction unit at that time as the end point of the handwriting, and setting the coordinates of the recognition position as the start point of the next handwriting.
8. The handwritten character input device according to claim 3, further comprising:
and a selecting unit configured to delete the start point and/or the end point, in which the coordinates of the character pattern recognized by the character pattern recognizing unit are present in all of the four directions, i.e., the up, down, left, and right directions, from the search objects of the connection point extracting unit, among all of the start points and the end points extracted by the start point and end point extracting unit.
9. The handwritten character input device according to claim 3, further comprising:
and a character handwriting encoding unit for encoding each handwriting of the character based on the coordinates of the start point and the end point of each handwriting of the character extracted by the start and end point extracting unit.
10. The handwritten character input device according to claim 1, further comprising:
and a character reduction unit that calculates the height of the character rotated by the character correction unit, and if the height is larger than the height of the recognition area of the character pattern recognition unit, reduces the character to a height equal to or smaller than the height of the recognition area of the character pattern recognition unit.
11. A character processing method, comprising the steps of:
recognizing a character pattern input by handwriting;
cutting out character outlines which surround the character patterns input by handwriting;
calculating a moment principal axis of the character outline;
calculating the inclination angle of the moment main shaft relative to a predetermined reference shaft;
rotating the character pattern by the inclination angle so that the moment principal axis is substantially parallel to the reference axis; and
and converting the rotated character pattern into character data and displaying the character data.
12. A navigation device comprising the handwritten character input device according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
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