CN1017895B - 二苯醚除草剂 - Google Patents
二苯醚除草剂Info
- Publication number
- CN1017895B CN1017895B CN86105328A CN86105328A CN1017895B CN 1017895 B CN1017895 B CN 1017895B CN 86105328 A CN86105328 A CN 86105328A CN 86105328 A CN86105328 A CN 86105328A CN 1017895 B CN1017895 B CN 1017895B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- formula
- group
- composition
- atom
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 8
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000002241 furanones Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 56
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 abstract description 18
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 abstract description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 17
- -1 carbalkoxy Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 11
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- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- RHDGNLCLDBVESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-en-4-olide Chemical compound O=C1CC=CO1 RHDGNLCLDBVESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000004795 grignard reagents Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- YKYOUMDCQGMQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L cadmium dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Cd]Cl YKYOUMDCQGMQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
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- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-OLQVQODUSA-N (3as,7ar)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1C=CC[C@@H]2C(=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]21 KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WQBXDMCOVLBREU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-2-benzofuran-1-thione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=S)OCC2=C1 WQBXDMCOVLBREU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000011097 chromatography purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)NC(C)C UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000405217 Viola <butterfly> Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium silicate Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940043265 methyl isobutyl ketone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229940031826 phenolate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ACZGCWSMSTYWDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-1-benzofuran-2-one Chemical class C1=CC=C2OC(=O)CC2=C1 ACZGCWSMSTYWDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
具有通式II的苯氧基2-苯并[C]呋喃酮衍生物
其中R1表示一个氢原子、卤原子、烷基或卤代烷基;R2和R3可以相同也可不同,各自独立表示一个氢原子,卤原子烷基、卤代烷基、硝基、氰基;R4和R5可以相同亦可不同,各自独立代表一个烷基。制备这些化合物的方法,含有这些化合物的除草组合剂和它们的除草用途。
Description
本发明涉及到一类二苯醚衍生物、这类化合物的制备,含有这类化合物的除草组合剂及它们在抗不希望有的植物的生长中的应用。
申请人的欧洲专利145078对包括载体和作为活性成份的具有通式Ⅰ的二苯醚衍生物的除草组合剂进行了说明,并提出了权利要求。
这里R1表示氢原子、卤原子烷基或卤代烷基;R2和R3可以相同也可以不同,各自独立地表示氢原子、卤原子、烷基、卤代烷基、硝基或氰基;尤其是B和A分别表示氧原子和式子为二(CR4)2的基团,这两个R4可以相同也可以不同,每个R4表示一个氢原子,一个卤原子或任意取代的下列取代基:烷基、环烷基、链烯基、炔基、芳基、芳烷基、烷芳基、烷氧基、环烷氧基、链烯氧基、炔氧基、烷氧羰基烷氧基、烷硫基、酰基、酰氧基、羧基、烷氧羰基、杂环、式为NR6R7的氨基,或者当一个R4为氢原子,烷氧基或炔基时,另一个为羟基,两个R4共同表示一个式子为=NR6的亚胺基。
R6和R7可相同也可不同,各自代表一个氢原子或任意取代的烷基、芳基或酰基。
而X代表氧原子或硫原子。
农业学上正常使用除草剂是需要在农作物出芽前或出芽后喷洒到庄稼地上。当然,喷洒后,除草剂就要暴露在土壤中的水份和正常降雨的雨水之中,因此活性成份对水解的稳定性应足以避免除草功效的过早丢失具有非常实际的重要性。想不到现在已发现,在欧洲专利145078仅仅概括地描述而没有明确具体地揭示的一类化合物比实际公开的大多数二苯醚2-苯并〔C〕呋喃酮具有高得多的水解稳定性。这些化合物以在取代部位A,存在一个通式为-C(R)2(R为烷基)的亚烷基为特征。这种类型的二烃基2-苯并〔C〕呋喃酮与欧洲专利局145078中实际公开的二苯醚2-苯并〔C〕呋喃相比除了具有更高的水解稳定性外、在农田应用中证实有更高的除草活性。
相应地,本发明提供的苯氧基-2-苯并〔C〕呋喃酮衍生物具有通式Ⅱ:
其中,R1代表一个氢原子、卤原子(最好为氯原子),烷基、卤代烷基(最好为三氟甲基);R2和R3可以相同也可不同,各自代表一个氢原子、卤原子(最好是氯原子)、烷基、卤代烷基(最好是三氟甲基)、硝基或氰基;R4和R5可以相同也可以不同,各自代表一个烷基。
当前述的任一取代基代表或含有一个烷基时,这个烷基可以是直链的或支链的而且所含碳原子数可高达10个(最好为6个),适宜的例子是甲基和乙基。当它们包含一个卤代烷取代基时,该卤代烷基所含碳原子数可高达6个(最好是4个),卤原子适宜为氟原子或氯原子,三氟甲基特别适宜。当前述取代基中的一些被指定为被任意取代时,这些任意存在的取代基可能是在开发杀虫化合物和/或者修饰这类化合物以便影响他们的结构/活性、持久性,穿透性和其它性质时惯用的那些基团中的一
些。这些取代基的特定例子包括卤原子(尤其氯原子),硝基、氰基、烷基或卤代基(尤其是三氟甲基)。
优先选择的化合物是那些R1代表卤原子(尤其氯原子)或特别是三氟甲基;R2代表硝基、氰基、三氟甲基,特别是卤原子(尤其,氯原子);R3代表卤原子(尤其氯原子)或特别是氢原子的化合物。
R4和R5各自从含1~6碳原子的烷基(尤其是从1~4个碳原子烷基)中优先选择。更合适的是R4和R5各自从甲基和乙基中选择。若一个是甲基,另一个是乙基,则更有利。
应当意识到,当取代基原本就是为了引入一个不对称碳原子时,会导致化合物存在立体异构体。同样一些取代基结合允许存在互变异构体。通常,这些异构体中一个具有比其它异构体高的生物活性。本发明的范围包括这些化合物的不同的异构体和这些异构体的混合物以及含有存在于这些异构体和混合物中的活性成份的除草组合剂。
本发明还提供了权利要求1~6任一条中要求的具有式Ⅱ的苯氧基2-苯并〔C〕呋喃酮衍生物的制备方法,在权利要求1~6中包括具有式Ⅲ化合物
和具有式R-(M)p-Hal(Ⅳ)化合物反应。在Ⅲ中X代表氢原子、羟基或一个复合的有机金属醇盐基,Q代表卤原子,硝基或式为-OZ的基团,其中Z代表氢原子,碱金属原子或式为
的基团。在Ⅳ中M表示一个金属原子,(当X是氢时)P为0或(当X不是氢时)P为1,而Hal表示一个卤原子,当产物是一个在其中Q不表示为式
基团的化合物时,则这个产物与式Ⅴ的化合物反应
一部分Hal适宜为溴原子或碘原子。
当P为0时,反应在碱存在下进行,最好是在强碱存在下在非质子溶剂中进行。适宜的碱包括象氨基钠和二烃基胺锂一类的碱金属胺,例如二异丙胺基锂,和二乙胺基锂,碱金属的醇盐象叔丁氧基钾,叔戊氧基钠,N-异丙基-N-环己基胺锂、三苯甲基钠和溴化丁基镁。合适的溶剂有1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、二甲基甲酰胺,四氢呋喃,液氨,二甲基亚砜,乙腈,丙酮,硝基苯,六甲基磷酰胺和己烷。反应最好在低于环境温度的情况下进行,适宜温度范围是-100至0℃。
当P为1时使用的有机金属试剂首选有机镁化合物(即格氏试剂),格氏试剂按照已有的操作制备,例如在无水条件下,将适宜的卤代烷和金属镁放在脂肪醚(例如乙醚)中进行反应。式Ⅲ化合物与制得的格氏试剂的反应适宜在一种溶剂中进行,该溶剂可以是乙醚也可以是不同的惰性有机溶剂(例四氢呋喃)中进行。格氏试剂生成及其与式Ⅲ化合物的反应温度范围均在0至50℃之间,最好在环境温度。格氏有机镁络合物可以通过加氯化镉形成有机镉络合物来补充。
当上面的反应用来制备化合物,此化合物中Q不是
基团,就是说化合物中W和Q之中有一个表示为卤原子(最好是氯原子)或硝基,另一个则表示式为-OZ的基团,其中Z表示氢原子或碱金属原子时,最好是W代表卤原子或硝基。通过把式Ⅴ化合物和式Ⅲ的碱金属酚盐化合物作用这个反应是很易实现的。式Ⅴ中W代表卤原子(最好是氯原子)或硝基。式Ⅲ的碱金属酚盐通过将Q代表羟基的对应的化合物与碱金属氢氧化物在脂肪醇溶剂(例如乙醇)中反应制得。酚盐和式Ⅴ化合物的反应最好在合适的溶剂,例如,二甲基亚砜,sulpholane;二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺中,高温最好是在回流温度下,以及惰性气体(如氮气)中进行。
式Ⅲ化合物最好在上面所述条件下通过使用有机含金属试剂的反应制备。
X是氢原子的式Ⅲ化合物适宜通过R4是羟基的对应的化合物与R4-M-Hal的反应制备,其中R4,M和Hal与前面介绍的相同。然后可以进行最后一步反应引进R5基。R5基团可与R4不同或相同。可是由于R4和R5一样的式Ⅱ化合物容易在同一个容器中由对应的邻苯二甲酸酐与R4-M-Hal化合物反应制备,故在正常情况下它是有区别的。最初的产物即X代表-O-M-Hal基团(如酸化,则为羟基)的式Ⅲ化合物,不必分离,直按与另外的有机金属试剂在原容器中反应。
由于上面提到的邻苯二甲酸酐原料含有两个环状羰基,所以格氏试剂可和他们中任一个反应。实际上,通常发现主要产物是希望的式Ⅱ2-苯并〔C〕呋喃酮和少量作为付产物形成的式Ⅵ2-苯并〔C〕苯并呋喃酮异构体。
从前面所述可以明显地看出,制备R4和R5相同的式Ⅱ化合物的最好方法是将对应的邻苯二甲酸酐和一种格氏试剂反应。制备R4和R5不同的式Ⅱ化合物最好方法是将具有
基团的对应的化合物和格氏溶剂反应生成具有
基团的对应的化合物,然后将此化合物与R5-Hal反应,这里R5不同于R4。
本发明的苯氧基2-苯并〔C〕呋喃酮通过和五硫化二磷反应可能转变为硫代苯酞,这个反应适于在惰性有机溶剂象二恶烷中进行。这些硫代苯酞享有该发明中=C(R)2(R为烷基)化合物性质即增强了水解稳定性,因为它们比R4是氢原子的硫代苯酞类似物具有更强的水解稳定性;不过它们在本质上比2-苯并〔C〕呋喃酮的水解稳定性低,其实硫代苯酞水解定量生成对应的2-苯并〔C〕呋喃酮化合物。
通式Ⅱ化合物已发现具有除草活性。当然,本发明进一步提供了由上面已定义的式Ⅱ化合物与至少一个载体结合形成的除草组合剂和包括式Ⅱ化合物与至少一个载体结合形成的除草组合物的制备方法。
本发明也提供发明中称为除草剂的这种化合物或组合剂的用途。根据本发明进一步提供了用本发明的化合物或组合剂施洒某场所以抑制该场所不希望植物生长的方法。应用可以是作物出芽前或出芽后。使用的活性成份的剂量从0.05千克/公顷至4千克/公顷。
依据本发明,组合剂中的载体可以是任何物质,例如可以是植物,种子或土地,活性成分与该物质配备以便有用于被处理的地区或有利于贮藏,运输或管理。载体可以是固体或液体,包括在正常情况下是气体但可压缩成液体的物质,而且正常用来配制除草组合剂的载体中的一些载体即可使用。按照该项发明,组合剂最好含0.5~95%(按重量计)的活性物质。
合适的固体载体包括天然和合成的粘土和硅酸盐,例如象硅藻土一类的天然硅胶;硅酸镁。例如滑石;硅酸镁铝,例如attapulgites和蛭石,硅酸铝,例如高岭石,蒙脱石和云母类;碳酸钙;硫酸钙;硫酸铵,合成的水合氧化硅和合成的硅酸钙和硅酸铝;单质,例如碳、硫;天然的和合成的树脂,例如苯并呋喃树脂,聚氯乙烯,苯乙烯聚合物和共聚物;固态聚氯酚;沥青;蜡;固态肥料例如过磷酸钙。
适宜的液体载体包括水;醇例异丙醇和1,2-乙二醇;酮,例丙酮,丁酮、甲基异丁基酮和环己酮;醚;芳香的或脂肪芳香烃,例苯,甲苯和二甲苯;石油馏分,例煤油和轻矿物油;氯代烃,例四氧化碳,六氯乙烷和三氯乙烷。不同液体的混合物也常常适用。
农业用的组合剂常常按浓缩形配制和运输用户在使用前将浓缩液稀释。本身就是表面活性剂的少量载体的存在有利于这种稀释过程。这样一来,按照本发明在一种组合剂中最好至少有一种载体是表面活性剂。例如,一种组合剂至少含有两个载体,那么至少其中一种是表面活性剂。
表面活性剂可以是乳化剂、分散剂、湿润剂;表面活性剂可以是非离子型或离子型,合适的表面活性剂的例子包括:聚丙烯酸和木质磺酸的钠或钙盐;分子中至少含有12个碳原子的脂肪酸,脂肪胺,酰胺与环氧乙烷以及/或环氧丙烷的缩合物;甘油、山梨糖醇、蔗糖或季戊四醇的脂肪酸酯;它们与环氧
乙烷以及/或环氧丙烷的缩合物;脂肪醇和烷基酚的缩合产物例如对-辛基苯酚、对-辛基甲酚、与环氧乙烷以及/或环氧丙烷的缩合产物;这些缩合产物的硫酸盐和磺酸盐;碱金属和碱土金属盐,最好是分子中至少含有10个碳原子的硫酸脂或磺酸酯的钠盐,例如十二烷基硫酸钠、叔烷基硫酸钠、硫化蓖油钠盐,烷芳基硫酸钠(例如十二烷基苯硫酸盐);环氧乙烷的聚合物及环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷的共聚物。
本发明的组合剂可制成形式为可湿粉,粉剂、颗粒、溶液、可乳化的浓缩剂、乳化剂,悬浮液浓缩剂和烟雾剂。可湿粉通常含有25%,50%或75%(按重量计)活性成份,而且如有必要除固体惰性载体外通常含3-8%(按重量计)分散剂、0-10%(按重量计)稳定剂和/或其它添加剂如渗透剂和粘合剂。粉剂常常配成和可湿粉组成相似但不含分散剂的粉浓缩剂,而且在野外进一步用固体载体稀释以便得到含0.5%-10%(按重量计)活性成份的组合剂。颗粒通常制备成10-100标准目(1.676-0.152mm)之间的大小,并可通过附聚和浸渍技术制备。颗粒通常含有0.5%-75%(按重量计)活性成份和0-10%(按重量计)添加剂如稳定剂,表面活性剂,缓调节剂和结合剂。所谓的“可流动性干粉”由含有相对较高浓度的活性成份的较小颗粒组成。可乳化浓缩剂除含有溶剂外,若有必要还含有共溶剂,10-50%(W/V)活性成份,2-20%(W/V)乳化剂和0-20%(W/V)的其它添加剂如稳定性,渗透剂和防腐剂。悬浮浓缩剂通常被化合以便获得一种稳定的,无沉淀的,可流动的产物,它通常含有10-75%(按重量计)的活性成份,0.15-15%(按重量计)的分散剂0.1-10%(按重量计)的悬浮剂例如保护胶体试剂和触变剂,0-10%其它添加剂如消沫剂、腐蚀阻化剂、稳定性、渗透剂、粘合剂及活性成分基本不溶解的水和有机液体,某些有机固体或无机盐可以溶解在制剂中以帮助预防沉淀或作为水的抗冻剂。
水状的分散体和乳化体,例如按照本发明用水稀释可湿粉或浓缩体得到的组合剂也包括在本发明范围内。所谈到的乳化剂可以是油包水型或水包油型并以具有稠蛋白酱样的稠度。
本发明的组合剂也可含有其它成份,例如含有除草,杀虫和杀菌性质的其它化合物。
下面举实例说明本发明。
实例1
5-(2′-氯-4′-三氟甲基苯氧基)-3,3-二甲基-2-苯并〔3〕呋喃酮
将干燥镁屑(15g)加入到金属钠干燥过的乙醚(100ml)中,并在干燥的氮气流下伴随剧烈搅拌滴加(10g)碘甲烷。30分钟后分次加入(11.0g)无水氯化镉,搅拌45分钟,反应混合物冷却至0℃。5-(2-氧-4-三氟甲基苯氧基-2-苯并〔3〕呋喃酮酸酐(10.3g)溶解在(60ml)无水乙醚中,并在剧烈搅拌下滴加该溶液,使反应混合物升至室温然后回流17小时。加入(100ml)10%硫酸,生成的清亮溶液用乙醚萃取提取液洗涤、干燥、除去溶剂,产物用色谱法提纯,标题化合物以白色固体的形式得到重1.45g,熔点:88-92℃。
元素分析:(C17H12ClF3O3)理论值:C57.2%;H3.4%,实验值:C57.1%;H3.5%
核磁共振结果(δ值):7.84-6.92ppm6H(芳香基团)1.64ppm单峰6H(甲基)一个类似的,大量的,不用氯化镉的方法可由34.25g原料得到33.5g目的物。
实例2
5-(2′-氯-4′-三氟甲基苯氧基)-3,3-二乙基-2-苯并〔3〕呋喃酮
三摩尔溴化乙基镁溶于(41.5ml)乙醚中,在干燥氮气下通过隔膜注射进烧瓶。干燥乙醚(85ml)和5-(2-氢-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)2-苯并〔3〕呋喃酮酸酐(5.7g)溶在干燥四氢呋喃(50ml)中,在室温搅拌下将该溶液滴加到烧瓶中。反应混合物搅拌30分钟后倾入到冰和浓酸盐的混合物中,用乙醚提取。乙醚提取液干燥并用色谱提纯得到标题化合物(第二个组分,固体4.7g,熔点:57℃)
元素分析:理论值:C59.3%;H4.2%
实验值:C59.2%;H3.8%
核磁共振结果(δ值):7.78-6.82ppm(6H)
2.08六重峰(重迭的四重峰(2H)
1.88六重峰(重迭的四重峰(2H)
0.72三重峰(6H)
实例3
5-(2′,6′-二氯-4′-三氟甲基苯氧基)
-3,3-二甲基2-苯并〔3〕呋喃酮
标题化合物按例1中方法制备,熔点:89-92℃
元素分析:理论值:C52.5%;H2.8%
实验值:C51.8%;H2.9%
核磁共振结果(δ值):7.8-6.82ppm多重峰(5H)
1.64单峰(6H)
实例4
5-(2′-氯-4′-三氟甲基苯氧基)-3-甲基-3-乙基2-苯并〔3〕呋喃酮
3摩尔溶在乙醚(41.5ml)中的溴化甲基镁在干燥氮气下通过隔膜加到含(84ml)乙醚的三颈圆底烧瓶中。此溶液剧烈搅拌的同时将溶在干燥四氢呋喃(50ml)中的5-(2′-氯-4′-三氟甲基-苯氧基)-3-羟基-2-苯并〔3〕呋喃酮(5.7g)逐滴加入温度维持在回流温度以下。滴加完成后反应混合物倾入到含(20ml)浓盐酸的(500g)冰中,用乙醚萃取。醚萃取液干燥蒸除溶剂,残余物经色谱法提纯,得(2′-氯-4′-三氟甲基苯氧基)-3-甲基-2-苯并〔3〕呋喃酮,熔点:107℃,产量3.95g。
元素分析:理论值:C56.1%;H2.9%
实验值:C56.3%;H3.2%1.6M正丁基锂和己烷配成的溶液
4.0ml与在干燥(30ml)四氢呋喃中的
(0.8ml)二异丙胺溶液在-78℃混合滴加由前一步反应的产物(2.0g)与(20ml)干燥四氢呋喃配成溶液。并在-78℃下搅拌2分钟。注射加入碘乙烷(4ml)。反应混合物搅拌过夜,然后倾入50%的盐酸中,用二氢甲烷萃取,萃取液,洗涤,干燥,色谱法提纯。主要组分,为浅黄绿色油,即为标题化合物。
元素分析:理论值:C58.3%;H3.8%
实验值:C56.8%;H4.0%
核磁共振结果(δ值):7.85-6.85ppm,多重峰(6H)
2.05六重峰(1H)
1.85六重峰(1H)
1.6单峰(3H)
0.75三重峰(3H)
例5
例5,水解稳定性
本发明中的化合物的水解稳定性与申请人早先的欧洲专利145078中具体描述的其它苯氧基2-苯并〔C〕呋喃酮进行了比较。水解稳定性通过在39℃,pH7.0和9.0,在25%1,4-二恶烷中测定,半衰期(以小时为单位)来估计的。测定的结果列在下面表1中。表1中的被测化合物以下式化合物中A取代基表示。
表1
A R 半衰期
pH7.0 pH9.0
CH2H 56.5 14.5
CH(OCH3) H 17.2 1.2
CH(CH)3H 1057 11.0
C(CH3)2H 4915 1904
C(C2H5)2H NDD NDD
C(CH3)(C2H5) H NDD NDD
C(CH3)2Cl NDD NDD
“NDD”表示超过200小时期间检测不出分解作用
这些结果清楚地说明了A代表C(R)2(R在烷基)的化合物,即本发明中的化合物特别是在强碱条件下,比在基团A的碳原子上有一个或两个氢原子的那些类似物具有高得多的水解稳定性。
例6
为了比较本发明的化合物(A)和在欧洲专利145078中具体描述的化合物之间除草活性,进行了除草活性试验。
麦上进行。被测化合物按400升/公顷喷洒到出芽后的农田上并且在喷洒大约六星期后以百分覆盖率为依据对杂草数目进行估价。对宽叶杂草的总体除草效果通过计算试验田中出现的杂草总数并以此与未喷洒除草剂的对照组的宽叶杂草植物总覆盖率比较来确定。该数值标为TOTDI。
这些试验结果见下面表2,表2中杂草种类用缩写表示。
STEME=Stellaria Media-繁缕
MATSS=Matricaria Spp-母菊属多树不定种
BRANA=Brassica Napus-蔓青
POLAN=Polygonum Aviculare-萹蓄
CERPE=Veronica Persica-阿拉伯婆婆纳
LAMPU=Lamium Purpurea-小野芝麻
VIOAR=Viola Arversis-田堇菜
MYOAR=Myosotis Arcensis-田野勿忘草
APMAR=Aphanes Arvensis-田野阿氟
RANAR=Ranunculus Arvensis-田野毛莨
PAPRH=Papaver Rhoeas-虞美人
CAPBP=Capsella Bursa-Pastoris-荠(荠菜)
VERHE=Veronica Hederifolia-常春藤叶婆婆钠
婆婆钠属
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US4911754A (en) * | 1987-07-16 | 1990-03-27 | American Cyanamid Company | Herbicidally active aryloxy saturated 5-membered benzo fused hetero-cyclic compounds |
GB8720509D0 (en) * | 1987-09-01 | 1987-10-07 | Shell Int Research | Diphenyl ether herbicides |
GB8720511D0 (en) * | 1987-09-01 | 1987-10-07 | Shell Int Research | Preparing diphenyl ethers |
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GB8720509D0 (en) * | 1987-09-01 | 1987-10-07 | Shell Int Research | Diphenyl ether herbicides |
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HUT42425A (en) | 1987-07-28 |
MA20766A1 (fr) | 1987-04-01 |
EP0219144B1 (en) | 1989-12-27 |
PH23124A (en) | 1989-05-05 |
IL79987A0 (en) | 1986-12-31 |
KR940009531B1 (ko) | 1994-10-14 |
ZA866845B (en) | 1987-04-29 |
NZ217508A (en) | 1988-09-29 |
CA1327810C (en) | 1994-03-15 |
AU590793B2 (en) | 1989-11-16 |
CS651286A2 (en) | 1988-07-15 |
PT83333B (en) | 1988-01-11 |
FI863625A0 (fi) | 1986-09-09 |
CN86105328A (zh) | 1988-05-11 |
ZW18586A1 (en) | 1987-08-12 |
JPH0678332B2 (ja) | 1994-10-05 |
AU6248186A (en) | 1987-03-12 |
CS262441B2 (en) | 1989-03-14 |
JPS6261973A (ja) | 1987-03-18 |
BR8604300A (pt) | 1987-05-05 |
ATE48996T1 (de) | 1990-01-15 |
GB8522528D0 (en) | 1985-10-16 |
PT83333A (pt) | 1986-10-01 |
ES2001670A6 (es) | 1988-06-01 |
KR870003087A (ko) | 1987-04-15 |
OA08409A (en) | 1988-06-30 |
DK430586D0 (da) | 1986-09-09 |
FI863625A (fi) | 1987-03-12 |
DK164908C (da) | 1993-01-25 |
DK164908B (da) | 1992-09-07 |
EP0219144A1 (en) | 1987-04-22 |
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