CN101769421A - Wood fiber composite engineering material and production method of product thereof - Google Patents
Wood fiber composite engineering material and production method of product thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101769421A CN101769421A CN200810242522A CN200810242522A CN101769421A CN 101769421 A CN101769421 A CN 101769421A CN 200810242522 A CN200810242522 A CN 200810242522A CN 200810242522 A CN200810242522 A CN 200810242522A CN 101769421 A CN101769421 A CN 101769421A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wood fiber composite engineering material with a fiber reinforced polymer matrix or an inorganic matrix and a production method of a product thereof. The production method comprises the following steps: manufacturing wood glass cloth by weaving wood fiber strips and glass fiber and other polymers or inorganic substance reinforced fiber, adding glass fiber cloth, yarns, blankets and the like into the wood glass cloth in a matching way to be used as a laminated material according to needs, and compounding the laminated material with a polymer matrix or an inorganic substance matrix. A plurality of kinds of products such as wooden composite boards, tubes, tanks, bins, boxes, troughs, ships, profiles, door and window profiles, tiles, carriages, containers, decorative boards, furniture, countertops and heteromorphous bodies can be produced by selecting different forming processes according to the forming properties of different polymers and inorganic substances. Therefore, the invention provides a good method for wide engineering application of the wood fiber.
Description
The present invention relates to a wood fibre bar (wood is slightd bar or wood chip etc.) and glass fibre etc. and cooperate fabrics such as making wooden glass then to produce the technological method that glass fibre etc. strengthens polymer or inorganic matrix Wood fiber composite engineering material and goods, belong to the fiber hybrid composite manufacturing technique method with it.
The wood structure densification, resistance to compression, tension, wear-resisting property are good, and its corrosion resistance more is better than other vegetable fibers such as timber, but since rod hollow, diameter little, become the plate poor performance, isolating property is big etc., and multiple reason is restricted in the use.Mainly contain now with wood and slight bar curtain making wood glue plate, products such as glass fibre reinforced plastics reel composite sheet, they generally are by several layers of identical or different surface plate and central layer or core curtain process is laminated, lamination etc. process.For example: 1, " a kind of is the composite board " (patent No.: 95234591.9) of core with the wood board sheet, which floor or the tens layers plank that stacks togather compiled sheet material or wood chip core and made through glueing joint outside piece of surface covering glass steel top layer again, equals to cover the glass fibre reinforced plastics top layer in shop, the wood glue plate outside.2, (patent No.: 98210768.4) it is to cover resin with wooden curtain (batten) and glass fibre place Min layers to fill laminated forming " a kind of glass fibre reinforced plastics reel composite sheet ".Because wooden curtain is through (line) Xiang Yuwei (batten) mechanical property difference, mechanical index such as broadwise tensile strength are higher than warp-wise, therefore, what allow batten direction and plate in use is subjected to force direction identical, when plate be subjected to the force direction size greater than wooden curtain width (batten length) time, same shop layer wood curtain must dock one or many, seam crossing batten intensity is zero, seam all must stagger between each shop layer, and the shop layer operation is very inconvenient.Wood curtain interlayer and outermost surface must add glass fiber cloth, add the splicing of formation frp layer and wooden curtain layer behind the resin solidification.This plate only is suitable for sticking with paste moulding, and it is continuously shaped to be not suitable for various device.Wooden curtain seam crossing is prone to phenomenons such as fracture, layering under strong external force effect, and using scope is restricted.
Purpose of the present invention utilizes the wood fibre contour projector little exactly, and elasticity and toughness are all high, and tensile strength parallel to grain is about 1800kg/cm
2, parallel-to-grain compressive strength is about 800kg/cm
2Deng premium properties, compare with other each fibrids such as glass fibres cheap, the advantage that aboundresources is easy to get.By being connected into endless wood, finite length wood bamboo strip or wood chip be woven into Wood-glass cloth through bar and glass fibre latitude etc., this has eliminated the deficiency of the big defective of isolating property of wood fibre and weak point, little not easy-formation, realized two types of fibers, the complementary intensity of the above direction of bidimensional, and make Wood-glass cloth that new characteristic arranged, wood can only be turned back to certain radius through the bar direction, decides through the bar thin and thick according to wood.Curl along wooden can folding arbitrarily, extraordinary linear formability is arranged along batten through the bar direction.Compared extraordinary shop layer characteristic with glass fiber cloth, yarn, band, felt etc.Simultaneously, glass fibre etc. have extraordinary intermiscibility with polymer or inorganic adhesive matrix, and wood can be blocked the miscible of most of Wood-glass cloth both sides matrix again through bar, for the step-by-step construction of both sides matrix lays the foundation.Like this Wood-glass cloth is cooperated with cloth, yarn, felts etc. such as other glasses and make two-phase or heterogeneous reinforcing material; make the matrix phase with polymer (thermosetting, thermoplastic resin), can select one or more do single-phase or heterogeneous matrix (inside liner or nexine, construction layer, protection or top layer) outward adopt with this mutually the moulding process or the composing type explained hereafter that adapt of matrix go out corresponding glass fiber reinforced polymer or inorganic matrix Wood fiber composite engineering material and goods.Select for use not of the same race or multiple polymers to cooperate to produce different inside and outsides matrix characteristics and characteristic that varied Wood fiber composite material that can satisfy different usage requirements of inner lignocellulosic material performance is arranged again.This manufacturing technique method can directly be produced the Wood fiber composite material goods of different shape complexity.Glass fibres etc. are strapped in glass tightly to the wood fibre bar to be strengthened among the polymeric matrix, and promptly glass is pulled in the reinforcing phase in the composite material together mutually tightly with matrix, makes that its overall performance is very good to satisfy various engineerings use needs.
The present invention produces glass according to following forming technique process program design and strengthens polymer sill fabric composite engineering material and goods.Consisting essentially of following two goes on foot greatly:
One, wood glass fabric production: the various limits for length of having of same specification cross section wood wood fibre bars through butt joint, finger, play splicing such as groove overlap joint or mechanical coupling becomes endless wood fibre bar or customized cut-off.Again polymer reinforcing fiber longitudes and latitudes such as wood fibre bar and glass fibre are cooperated and weave or non-wovenly become the wood glass fabric Wood-glass cloth, wood glass fabric includes knitted fabric, machine (friendship) fabric, knits braided fabric, braided fabric, non-woven fabrics such as stitch bonded fabric and other wooden glass etc.According to the direction of wood fibre bar in wood glass fabric Weft wood glass fabric and warp-wise Wood-glass cloth are arranged, the warp-wise Wood-glass cloth is called for short Wood-glass cloth.This cloth both can have been weaved also available all kinds of looms by hand and weave.This cloth can be cut into Wood-glass cloth curtain or Wood-glass cloth band by usage requirement length.
1, knitting Wood-glass cloth be with one group of marshalling through, broadwise wood fibre bar is corresponding that the knitting mode of usefulness such as glass fiber yarn is knitted batten in the inserting needle fabric by the slit lopping of batten both sides, relative employing with this is weft-knitted, just be knitted into corresponding warp-wise, Weft wood glass fabric through volume.Adopt the hoop weft knitting just to weave the tubulose wood glass fabric, this fabric is particularly suitable for compound hollow material.
2, to knit Wood-glass cloth be corresponding through bar through paper money or wood with one group of glass of marshalling to machine (friendship), wear latitude with batten or glass yarn two groups of fibers are perpendicular to one another, or the wood glass fabric, Weft wood glass fabric or the warp-wise Wood-glass cloth that are interwoven with specific angle.
3, the braiding wood glass fabric is serve as with on the one hand with one group of batten, another group glass fiber yarn and the suitable angle of its skew, and mutual then weave in forms wooden glass braided fabric.Pipe-type woven cooperates with moulding process can produce various Hollow Compound section bars.
4, knitted wood glass cloth is to cooperate through bar or one group wood latitude bar and one or more groups glass weft yarn or glass warp thread or one or more groups glass yarn of adding glass felt, other direction in addition with one group of wood to make the small pieces of cloth used for patches body of material, with organic fiber line or glass yarn they is stitched into warp-wise Wood-glass cloth or Weft wood glass fabric.
5, Woven wood-glass fiber cloth is that woven and knitting method is combined, and is made into the taeniae wood glass fabric that woven fabric and knitted fabric mix.This fabric is to be formed through two groups of fibers such as bar and glass yarns by wood, wood through bar and glass weft yarn respectively from two beams of a loom unwinding come out.Form bar by many wood through bar one and be distributed on the loom, be still and pass special harness eye and control by shedding mechanism.Each group is got rid of pin in bar, the glass weft yarn penetrates in the hole of entrying of getting rid of on the pin.Introduce glass weft yarn in this by the pin that gets rid of of each group in bar after shed open is open, the glass weft yarn is that double joint is introduced.Two groups have a latch needles between bar, seesawing of latch needles knitted two groups of glass filling spaces between bar in the tissue of formation such as knitted fabric.Wood glass non-woven fabric is meant that one group of wood fibre bar is processed into non-woven Wood-glass cloth with weak point chopping acupunctures such as glass fibre, one-tenth felt etc. are non-woven.
Two, the Wood fiber composite material moulding: the moulding of composite wooden material is the shop layer composite molding technique characteristics based on Wood-glass cloth, with polymer or inorganic matter body material moulding process is foundation, select glass cloth as required for use, yarn, reinforcing materials such as felt cooperate, the glass of selecting for use different moulding process routes just can produce the different shape that satisfies different usage requirements and purposes according to the usage requirement of Wood composite material products strengthens polymer sill fabric composite engineering material and goods, wood fibre content reaches as high as more than 80%, makes the production technology that reinforcing material is fit to all can do with wood glass fabric the polymer or the inorganic matter based composites of reinforcing material with Wood-glass cloth.
1, low pressure contact moudling
Molding process with low pressure contact moudling explained hereafter Wood fiber composite material and goods is; earlier the Wood-glass cloth curtain is given and make the mold design shape; then it is laid in template, former, formpiston or on the mould; apply lower pressure then or do not pressurize; make the resin impregnated reinforcing material; by heating or normal temperature cure, obtain the designing shape goods or give the system structural core through secondary process again after the demoulding again.This class moulding process contains hand pasting forming, injection molding, flexible bag moulding, unit or the layer dynamic model sprayed resin moulding of multidigit machinery shop, resin transfer molding, sandwich structure, autoclave molding, thermal expansion molded (low pressure molding) and second pouring moulding or the like.Adopt above-mentioned one or more moulding process to cooperate and to produce various hulls, the train visitor, goods, the insulated boxcar casing, truck body, insulated boxcar and truck board, washing trough, various decorative sheets, furniture-plates, the floor, table boards etc. give system structure central layer, various floors, table board central layers etc. become top layer matrix goods such as artificial marble, furniture through second pouring, the assembling type bunker, jar, case and specifications of container sheet material material, whole shipping container and insulated container, ammunition and bridge of boats casing, various bridges and bridge member, laminated heat-preserving casing and house wall, various watts or the like many based articles.
2, compression molding
With die press technology for forming is that wood glass fabric is cut into required form; Put into gold layer mould behind the pre-soaked resin through the heating wooden glass fibre reinforced plastics of compression and moulding (thermosetting, thermoplastic) based articles.Can produce various sheet materials, the furniture table-board plate, channel member cooperates the moldable various section bars etc. that go out with core.
3, laminated into type
With technology laminated into type is with dipping bakelite glass cloth, joins and changes into slab according to the compacting thickness requirement, place among the metal mold (plate) of two polishings (), be placed on the hotpress, to heating between the two-layer mould, pressurization, through hot-press solidifying, cooling and demolding then.It is mainly used in makes all size glass fiber reinforced polymer sill matter fiber composite plate.Its density will be higher than the sheet material with the low pressure molding explained hereafter.
4, pipe, jug forming
To shop layer making polymer sill matter fiber composite pipe, tank body many kinds of molding modes are arranged with the Wood-glass cloth band, can also can use the machinery moulding by hand pasting forming.Make suitable hand such as all kinds of normal pressures, mesolow basin, transfer cask, retort and stick with paste with equipment and use moulding, paste with hand and make all kinds of horizontal pot body closing ends, vertical tank body loam cake is gone to the bottom, the various tank body tubes of equipment moulding.Make various cooling towers and be suitable for hand pasting forming.The main moulding process of various pipes, jar tube has pipe crimping moulding, Wrapping formed, continuous-winding forming, ring to put moulding etc.The pipe crimping moulding process is preimpregnation or existing impreg glass cloth band hot rolling on rolling machine, by the hot-rolling on the rolling machine that gummed fabric tape is softening, make resin (thermosetting, the thermoplastic) fusion on the gummed fabric tape, under certain forceful action, roller is in operation process, be rolled onto gummed fabric tape on the core pipe according to certain rules continuously by the friction between roller and the core, roll through multilayer like this and reach desired thickness, then through cold roller cooling and shaping, take off from rolling machine, thermoplasticity continues cooling curing depoling mould, and the thermosetting property pipe crimping is sent into curing oven and solidified the depoling mould.Last deburring verifies as production tube.Winding shaping process is to draw at control Wood-glass cloth band, under the situation of pressure, according to the continuous insulating varnish glue of certain rules, be wrapped in continuously on the core or liner corresponding to the goods inner cavity size, makes it solidifying then under room temperature or heating condition.Continuous pipe twining is with preimpregnation or existing resin pickup Wood-glass cloth band, is wrapped on the core by the rule of design, through outer, internal heating curing moulding or cooling forming (thermoplasticity), under the steel band on the core promotes, continuously push ahead the demoulding, customized cut-off behind regelate again.Wood-glass cloth has good resilience and stretches characteristic, therefore, be adapted in the rotational circle die cavity by rule add resin extender etc. and apply push away, pressure ring is put the shop layer, under room temperature, heating or cool condition, being solidified into then outside warp manage accordingly with die cavity, the jar structure cylindrical shell.This moulding process matches with centrifugal forming again can produce heterogeneous basal body pipe, tank body easily.To the shop during formable layer, can adopt dry method, wet method and three kinds of moulding process of semidry method according to the Wood-glass cloth band by the physical and chemical state of selected resin matrix.Wood fibre pipe, jar structure body match just can satisfy with corresponding inside liner and external protection and carry and storage water, oil, gas, various liquid etc., adapt to many applications needs, also can be used for making the submarine cylindrical shell.Its heat resistance is higher than corresponding pure glass and strengthens polymer base composite pipe, jar.
5, pultrusion
With pultrusion molding process is that the Wood-glass cloth band is carried out resin impregnation (molten thermoplastic resin) then by keeping the shaping die of certain sectional shape, and make it in mould behind the solidifying, under the tractive force effect, endless wood fibre section bar or core are produced in depanning continuously, core is produced heterogeneous matrix section bar through applying outer single-phase or heterogeneous body material once more or repeatedly, presses Len req at last and cuts off.It is mainly used in and produces various rods, plate (truck board, furniture-plates, decorative sheet or the like), pipe, solid profile (I-shaped, flute profile, square, T shape, H shape, C type, special-shaped section bar etc.) and hollow profile (door-window section bar, roof truss section bar, blade, water tank section bar etc.) etc.Be used for the inner core filler as drawing and extruding section bar such as dry granular foaming clay, expanded perlite, foam, adopting continuous Wood-glass cloth band etc. to make down flute profile strengthens at the bottom of the semihard envelope, mixed glue light granules filler utilization is extruded power and is extruded into down in the groove, the overstory glass cloth that closes is with cover, under the tractive force effect, through the encapsulating mold pre-setting, inject resin in the shaping die internal pressure then, make Wood-glass cloth big envelope and filler impregnation again through being heated and cured into goods, last fixed length cutting becomes the drawing and extruding section bar that the filler core is arranged.
6, continuous plate
With continuous plate technology is dipping thermosetting of single or multiple lift Wood-glass cloth or thermoplastic (fusion) resin; can add decoration, protective layer on demand; soak thermosetting resin Wood-glass cloth upper and lower surface lay polyester film; compound by pair roller or multiple roll pressurization exhaust; entering heating of solidifying and setting chamber or air-cooled solidifying and setting is all kinds of sheet materials or central layer; the rolling that polyester film arranged is usefulness again, and central layer just can be produced out-phase matrix composite board through the compound or cold subsides of heat again, at last customized cut-off as required.Indoorly add laterally, vertically press wave apparatus just can produce various band circular arc ripples in typing, continuous special-shaped ripple, discontinuous special-shaped ripple laterally, vertically plate, watt etc., with horizontal, vertical corresponding Weft wood glass fabric that is to use, the warp-wise Wood-glass cloth brings realization.It can produce various wood fibre compound slabs (furniture-plates, decorative sheet, engineering with plate etc.), sketch plate, corrugated sheet etc., various glass fiber reinforced polymer base wood fibre shingles (rift grain, band, thermosetting property, thermoplasticity), central layer, central layer are two-phase matrix composite sheet through the multiple layer of other technologies such as hot extrude again.
7, thermoplastic composite material moulding
The moulding process of making the thermoplastic composite material of reinforcing material with Wood-glass cloth mainly contains the compression molding of Wood-glass cloth prepreg, the wooden molding material impact briquetting of sheet, the wooden molding material vacuum forming of sheet, Wrapping formed, the pultrusion of preimpregnation (now soaking) Wood-glass cloth band, continuous plate moulding, centrifugal forming and extruding and moulding etc.The Wood-glass cloth band makes wooden glass dimension soak into plastics and gets rid of bubble through solvent impregnated or melt impregnation or superimposed again through the heating pressurization with plastic sheet continuously, and cooling shaping length as required cuts into the preimpregnation wooden sheet or rolls into the wooden coiled material of preimpregnation.Can obtain melt resin with the molten bath fusing.The preimpregnation wooden sheet is shaped to various thermoplastic resin group's Wood fiber composite material goods through mold pressing, punching press or heating in vacuum.As assembled water tank plate, furniture-plates, decorative sheet etc.The winding shaping process principle of thermoplastic wood composite material and Stetch Wrapping Machine equipment are the same with thermoset frp sill composite material, different is thermoplastic wood composite material winding product, need increase preimpregnation (now soaking) Wood-glass cloth band preheating (melting resin) device and heating compression roller on Stetch Wrapping Machine.When Wrapping formed, earlier preimpregnation (now soaking) Wood-glass cloth band is heated to softening point, the point of contact with core heats again, and by the compression roller pressurization, makes it be fused into an integral body.Thermoplastic composite wood materials pultrusion molding process is similar substantially to thermoset frp sill composite material.The pre-soaked resin or the existing resin pickup of different is Wood-glass cloth band all should be heated to be molten state before going into mould, resin impregnated wood glass dimension extrusion modling in mould, depanning, through cooling and shaping, the traction become goods with customized cut-off, this technology can pultrusion go out various cross sections wooden profile material.Major product has all size Furniture panel, dalle, door-window section bar, hollow section, solid profile etc.Thermoplasticity continuous plate technology is that the continuous Wood-glass cloth band of single or multiple lift is passed through the molten bath.Extrude melting charge with extruder and cooperate insulating varnish or add the thin sheet material of moulding, be rolled into dull and stereotyped or various watts and sketch plate through pressure roller or heating pressure roller.Cooperate with many extruders with dcita wood glass cloth band can to continuously produce, can produce the wooden Plastic steel tile of longitudinal and transverse waveform, multiple sheet materials such as various furniture-plates, storehouse plate above 2m wide plate material.It is compound that the thermoplasticity centrifugal pressure casting is used for various wood pipes jar inside liner, to increase antiseptic property.
8, wooden inorganic composite materials moulding
Wooden inorganic composite materials moulding is to make shop lamination material with Wood-glass cloth to add compound many class wood fibre inorganic matrix composite engineering materials and the goods produced of adhesive such as other reinforcing material such as glass cloth, yarn and gypsum, cement, chlorine oxygen magnesium as required.The moulding process of wooden inorganic composite materials and goods and wooden thermosetting resin base composite material process planning are basic identical; only need according to gypsum; cement; adhesive curing characteristics such as chlorine oxygen magnesium are adjusted some process parameters; just can produce same a kind of timber product of the inorganic matter matrix identical with polymeric matrix, these technologies mainly contain hand pasting forming; compression molding; continuous plate; pultrusion; sandwich structure; pipe jug forming etc. particularly the inorganic matrix construction layer with the inside liner of organic matrix with protect the heterogeneous matrix composite article of decorative layer can satisfy many applications outward.Main goods have assembling type storehouse, water tank, railway carriage, container plate, furniture, decoration, table board, wooden inorganic glass line watt, pipe, jar, cooling tower, the insulation sandwich plate, insulation interlayer roofing tile, interlayer ash wall body plate, assembling type villa and movable house, various trough-shaped body etc.
The production method that the present invention wood glass dimension mixes composite engineering material and goods solved effectively with glass fibre do carrier speed give birth to short and small wood fibre be combined into large-scale ships and light boats, various basin, retort, bunker, cooling tower, water tank, washing trough, tubing, various railway carriage, shipping container, solid or hollow profile, sheet material, decorative sheet, furniture, watt or the like the difficult problem of many series products.By improving and adjust various fiber-reinforced polymers or composite material of inorganic matter manufacturing mechanism and technology, many series products just can realize partly or entirely that mechanization produces in a large number, and wooden engineering material is to adopt mixed fibre to strengthen to accomplish mutual supplement with each other's advantages.Therefore, strengthening organic matrix performance of composites and hot pressing fabrication technique with traditional various wood fibers, to compare composite molding technique more, and simple and convenient, and product category is more, and various mechanical properties are better.This mainly is because the wood fiber lamination of various Wood Fiber Composites is to be glued together by thermosetting property and thermoplastic resin matrix, and the Wood-glass cloth lamination of wooden engineering material is the wood fibre bar to be tightened together good integrity by glass fibre reinforced plastics and thermoplastic glass fibre reinforced plastics matrix.Wood fibre content surpasses 65%, and some is more than 80%.The wooden engineering material goods of thermosetting property are compared resistance to high temperature with corresponding glass fiber reinforced plastics product, ageing-resistant performance is improved, proportion descends, moulding process is easy, mechanical property guarantees usage requirement, cost reduces many, the matrix resin of the wooden engineering material goods of thermoplasticity and wood fibre are compound to be to make intermediate by glass fibre the wood fibre bar is held together, and this has eliminated thermoplastic matrix and Wood Fiber Composite interface bonding is bad, the disadvantage that performance is lower.Comparing with the thermoplastic matrix material product has increased shock resistance.Resistance to low temperature, aging quality resistance, creep resistance, intensity etc. have reduced cost simultaneously widely.The invention of this production method is to make full use of the timber resources that China's output ranks first in the world to have found a new road, the Wood fiber composite engineering material and the goods of one class high-quality, cheapness are provided for society, this will significantly reduce the consumption of timber, polymer and composite material thereof, aluminium section bar or the like material, the phenomenon that this can alleviate China's timber, petroleum resources shortage has good development prospect and application space.
The production method embodiment of wood fibre integration engineering of the present invention and goods:
Embodiment one, and broadwise machine (friendship) is knitted Wood-glass cloth
The warp of traditional wooden curtain loom is changed into the glass fiber warps that satisfies the texture of fabric density requirements, slight wooden latitude bar that bar or wood chip or short wooden bamboo strip spreading be cut into same length with same specification wood and beat up and be woven into the woven Wood-glass cloth of broadwise.Cut off with length as required during use.
Embodiment two, the wood fibre composite sheet
At first on mould or template, spread out and put on or spray one deck resin; layer of glass fiber fabric is covered in the shop; spread out and put on or spray one deck resin again; one deck Wood-glass cloth identical with the plate gauge lattice covered in the shop; spread out and put on again or spray one deck resin, repave cover one deck Wood-glass cloth one deck resin like this circulation till desired thickness, cover mould at last or do not cover; be pressurised into veneer, be not pressurised into laminate.In the layer of shop, can add glass cloth, Weft wood glass fabric etc. to increase the resistance to compression of plate width direction, flexural capacity.Same specification lamination or laminate can be realized mechanization production.This class plate is applicable to assembling bunker, jar, case and shipping container etc.Also be applicable to be industries such as the furniture sheet material of supplying raw materials, also can produce polymorphic structure and laminated heat-preserving structural glass base steel wood composite bodies such as irregular hull but adopt hand to stick with paste laminating method production specification plate.
Embodiment three, productions such as glass fibre reinforced plastics sill pipe, tank body and warehouse
The Wood-glass cloth band cooperates goods such as Wrapping formed system glass fibre reinforced plastics sill pipe, tank body with glass strap, yarn etc., be at first prefabricated or wind inside liner on core; Then with Wood-glass cloth band insulating varnish winding structure layer to desired thickness, adjacent layer can be same rotation direction, revolves about preferably alternately to twine, interlayer can add glass strap, yarn winding layer.Be need not or to use the glass strap at last, yarn etc. twine the outermost protective layer.Available Wood-glass cloth band adds resin elder generation winding structure layer, then adds the various body material compound lining layers and the external protection that are fit to requirement again.Be that each layer can arbitrarily be adjusted by the process characteristic of actual product, this point is being made basin, and jar based article such as retort is excellent to be important.
Embodiment four: the production of wood fibre section bar.
The Wood-glass cloth band cooperates with glass cloth, yarn, felt etc. and adopts pultrusion, technologies such as continuous plate can produce the reel section bar that the glass of different shape etc. strengthens single-phase or heterogeneous (multiplex's pulling shaping) polymer sill matter section bar or prepares for follow-up moulding process.Mainly contain following a few class: (1) engineering wood section, the linear special-shaped material of I-shape beam, T type, groove, angle type, circle, square tube or the like.Based on the single-phase matrix of high-strength thermosetting resin.(2) produce family wear plaque, Furniture panel, based on thermosetting, mould the two-phase matrix.The single-phase matrix Furniture panel of thermoplastic has good formability, and the appearance that Wood-glass cloth strengthens effect and thermoplastic matrix can satisfy the performance requirement of whole furniture to sheet material.(3) with combination process the reel section bar is cooperated the various table tops of making double-basis body or many matrixes through injection, casting, mold pressing, pultrusion again, lamination or the like, furniture, decorative sheet with polymer base material, floor block etc., but with various sandwich material fit productions house, roofing thermal-insulating board, thermal car casing etc.(4) produce the door and window section bar.(5) intensity and the weatherability aspect of aspect watt section bar, particularly plastic base timber aspect watt are higher than present plastics roofing tile.
Claims (10)
1. the production method of Wood fiber composite engineering material and goods is characterized in that: various same specification cross sections are had limit for length's wood bamboo strip or wood chip by adopting butt joint, playing various connections splicing such as groove overlap joint, finger or mechanical coupling becomes endless wood fibre bar; Various polymer reinforcing fiber longitudes and latitudes such as wood fibre bar and glass fiber yarn are cooperated be woven into wood glass fabric or non-wovenly be wooden glass structure i.e. " Wood-glass cloth "; Weaving wood glass fabric includes: machine (friendship) fabric, knitted fabric, knit structures such as braided fabric, braided fabric, stitch bonded fabric and other wooden glass etc.; Wood-glass cloth is divided into Weft wood glass fabric according to wood fibre bar direction, the warp-wise Wood-glass cloth, and the warp-wise Wood-glass cloth is called for short Wood-glass cloth; Wood-glass cloth both can have been weaved also available all kinds of looms by hand and weave; Wood-glass cloth is cut into Wood-glass cloth curtain or Wood-glass cloth band by usage requirement length; Do buildup with Wood-glass cloth, as required with adding glass cloth, yarn, felt etc. as two-phase or heterogeneous reinforcing material, make body material with polymer (thermosetting, thermoplastic resin), select one or more resins to make single-phase or heterogeneous matrix (liner or nexine, construction layer, protection or top layer) outward structure as required, adopt the moulding process or the composing type technology that adapt with this phase matrix just can produce all kinds of glass fiber reinforced polymer matrix Wood fiber composite engineering materials and the goods that satisfy different usabilities requirements and shape accordingly; With the Wood-glass cloth is shop lamination material, adds cooperations such as glass cloth, yarn, felt as required, makes adhesive with gypsum, cement, chlorine oxygen magnesium etc. and can be combined into various inorganic matrix Wood fiber composite engineering materials and goods; Select the proper molding route just can produce many classes inorganic and organic two-phase matrix Wood fiber composite engineering material and goods according to gypsum, cement, chlorine oxygen magnesium etc. and polymeric matrix moulding process characteristics; Promptly make shop layer composite material, adopt all suitable wood glass fabrics to make the polymer base of reinforcing material or the moulding technique of inorganic matrix composite material, can produce many class Wood fiber composite material goods with Wood-glass cloth; These moulding process consist predominantly of: low pressure contact moudling, compression molding, laminated into type, pipe, jug forming, pultrusion, continuous plate, thermoplastic composite material moulding, wooden inorganic composite materials moulding etc.
2. Wood fiber composite engineering material according to claim 1 and goods, it is characterized in that: the knitting wood glass fabric of wood glass fabric is corresponding with one group of warp, the broadwise wood fibre bar of marshalling, the mode that usefulness such as glass fiber yarn are knitting is knitted batten in the inserting needle fabric by the slit lopping of wood fibre bar both sides, adopt weft knitting with it relatively, just be knitted into corresponding warp-wise, Weft wood glass fabric through compiling.Just weave the tubulose wood glass fabric with the hoop weft knitting, this weaving mode just cooperates with moulding process can produce hollow material; It is corresponding with the one group of glass warp thread or the wood fibre bar of marshalling that machine (friendship) is knitted wood glass fabric, wear latitude with wooden latitude bar or glass yarn the two-phase fiber is perpendicular to one another, or with specific angle be interwoven Weft wood glass fabric or warp-wise Wood-glass cloth; The Woven wood-glass fiber fabric is to be distributed on the loom through bar one with many wood with forming bar, and wood passes specific harness eye through bar and controlled by shedding mechanism.Each group is got rid of pin in bar, the glass weft yarn penetrates in the hole of entrying of getting rid of on the pin.Introduce glass weft yarn in this by the pin that gets rid of of each group in bar after shed open is open, the glass weft yarn is that double joint is introduced.Two groups have a latch needles between bar, seesawing of latch needles knitted formation to two groups of glass filling spaces between bar, as the tissue of knitted fabric.This fabric is Woven wood-glass fiber cloth.On the loom on demand width part group is replaced single latch needles with pair latch needles between bar, just can on same loom, weave many independently Woven wood-glass fiber straps; The braiding wood glass fabric is to be same direction with one group of wood fibre bar, another group glass fiber yarn and the suitable angle of its skew, and mutual then weave in forms wooden glass braided fabric.Pipe-type woven cooperates with moulding process can produce various Hollow Compound section bars; The knitted wood glass fabric is through bar or one group wood latitude bar and one or more groups glass weft yarn or glass warp thread or add the glass felt in addition with one group of wood, one or more groups glass yarn of other direction cooperates makes the small pieces of cloth used for patches body of material, with organic fiber yarn or glass yarn they is stitched into warp-wise Wood-glass cloth and Weft wood glass fabric; Structures such as other wooden glass are meant one group of wood fibre bar and various polymer reinforcing fibers such as glass fibre or chopped strand, use into the mode of felt or mode or other many modes of acupuncture and make non-weaving cloth; The polymer reinforcing fiber be meant also can be compound with polymer carbon fiber, aramid fibre, superhigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers, each fibrid of mineral fibre, vegetable fiber or the like.
3. the production method of Wood fiber composite engineering material according to claim 1 and goods; it is characterized in that: low pressure contact moudling manufacturing process is; earlier the Wood-glass cloth curtain is given and make the mold design shape; then it is added that resin is laid in template, former, formpiston or on the mould; apply lower pressure then or do not pressurize; make the resin impregnated reinforcing material,, obtain the designing shape goods or give the system structural core through secondary process again after the demoulding again by heating or normal temperature cure.This class moulding process contains hand pasting forming, injection molding, flexible bag moulding, unit or the layer dynamic model sprayed resin moulding of multidigit machinery shop, resin transfer molding, sandwich structure, autoclave molding, thermal expansion molded (low pressure molding) and second pouring moulding or the like.Adopt above-mentioned one or more moulding process to cooperate and to produce various hulls, the train visitor, goods, the insulated boxcar casing, truck body, insulated boxcar and truck board, washing trough, various decorative sheets, furniture-plates, the floor, table boards etc. give system structure central layer, various floors, table board central layers etc. become top layer matrix goods such as artificial marble, furniture through second pouring, the assembling type bunker, jar, case and specifications of container sheet material material, whole shipping container and insulated container, ammunition and bridge of boats casing, various bridges and bridge member, laminated heat-preserving casing and house wall, various watts or the like many based articles.
4. the production method of Wood fiber composite engineering material according to claim 1 and goods is characterized in that: die press technology for forming is that wood glass fabric is cut into required form; Put into gold layer mould behind the pre-soaked resin through the heating wooden glass fibre reinforced plastics of compression and moulding (thermosetting, thermoplastic) based articles.Can produce various sheet materials, the furniture table-board plate, channel member cooperates the moldable various section bars etc. that go out with core.
5. the production method of Wood fiber composite engineering material according to claim 1 and goods, it is characterized in that: technology laminated into type is with dipping bakelite glass cloth, join and change into slab according to the compacting thickness requirement, place among the metal mold (plate) of two polishings (), be placed on the hotpress, to heating between the two-layer mould, pressurization, through hot-press solidifying, cooling and demolding then.It is mainly used in makes all size glass fiber reinforced polymer sill matter fiber composite plate etc.Its density will be higher than the sheet material with the low pressure molding explained hereafter.
6. the production method of Wood fiber composite engineering material according to claim 1 and goods, it is characterized in that: the Wood-glass cloth band has many kinds of molding modes to shop layer making polymer sill matter fiber composite pipe, tank body, can also can use the machinery moulding by hand pasting forming.Make suitable hand such as all kinds of normal pressures, mesolow basin, transfer cask, retort and stick with paste with equipment and use moulding, paste with hand and make all kinds of horizontal pot body closing ends, vertical tank body loam cake is gone to the bottom, the various tank body tubes of equipment moulding.Make various cooling towers and be suitable for hand pasting forming.The main moulding process of various pipe jar tubes has pipe crimping moulding, Wrapping formed, continuous-winding forming, ring to put moulding etc.The pipe crimping moulding process is preimpregnation or existing impreg glass cloth band hot rolling on rolling machine, by the hot-rolling on the rolling machine that gummed fabric tape is softening, make resin (thermosetting, the thermoplastic) fusion on the gummed fabric tape, under certain forceful action, roller is in operation process, be rolled onto gummed fabric tape on the core pipe according to certain rules continuously by the friction between roller and the core horizontal stroke, roll through multilayer like this and reach desired thickness, then through cold roller cooling and shaping, take off from rolling machine, thermoplasticity continues cooling curing depoling mould, and the thermosetting property pipe crimping is sent into curing oven and solidified the depoling mould.Last deburring verifies as production tube.Winding shaping process is to draw at control Wood-glass cloth band.Under the situation of pressure,, be wrapped in continuously on the core or liner corresponding to the goods inner cavity size, under room temperature or heating condition, make it solidifying then according to the continuous insulating varnish glue of certain rules.Continuous pipe twining is with preimpregnation or existing resin pickup Wood-glass cloth band, is wrapped on the core by the rule of design, through outer, internal heating curing moulding or cooling forming (thermoplasticity), under the steel band on the core promotes, continuously push ahead the demoulding, customized cut-off behind regelate again.Wood-glass cloth has good resilience and stretches characteristic, therefore, be adapted in the rotational circle die cavity by rule add resin extender etc. and apply push away, pressure ring is put the shop layer, under room temperature, heating or cool condition, being solidified into then outside warp manage accordingly with die cavity, the jar structure body.This moulding process matches with centrifugal forming again can produce heterogeneous basal body pipe, tank body easily.To the shop during formable layer, can adopt dry method, wet method and three kinds of moulding process of semidry method according to the Wood-glass cloth band by the physical and chemical state of selected resin matrix.Wood fibre pipe, jar structure body match just can satisfy with corresponding inside liner and external protection and carry and store water, oil, gas, various liquid etc., and many applications needs also can be used for making the submarine cylindrical shell.Its heat resistance is higher than corresponding pure glass and strengthens polymer base composite pipe, jar.
7. the production method of Wood fiber composite engineering material according to claim 1 and goods, it is characterized in that: pultrusion molding process is that the Wood-glass cloth band is carried out resin impregnation (molten thermoplastic resin) then by keeping the shaping die of certain sectional shape, and make it in mould behind the solidifying, under the tractive force effect, endless wood fibre section bar or core are produced in depanning continuously, core is produced heterogeneous matrix section bar through applying outer single-phase or heterogeneous body material once more or repeatedly, presses Len req at last and cuts off.It is mainly used in and produces various rods, plate (truck board, furniture-plates, decorative sheet or the like), pipe, solid profile (I-shaped, flute profile, square, T shape, H shape, C type, special-shaped section bar etc.) and hollow profile (door-window section bar, roof truss section bar, blade, water tank section bar etc.) etc.Be used for the inner core filler as drawing and extruding section bar such as dry granular foaming clay, expanded perlite, foam, adopt continuous Wood-glass cloth band etc., making down flute profile strengthens at the bottom of the semihard envelope, mixed glue light granules filler utilization is extruded power and is extruded into down in the groove, the overstory glass cloth that closes is with cover, under the tractive force effect, through the encapsulating mold pre-setting, inject resin in the shaping die internal pressure then, make Wood-glass cloth big envelope and filler, impregnation is again through being heated and cured into goods, last fixed length cutting becomes the drawing and extruding section bar that the filler core is arranged.
8. the production method of Wood fiber composite engineering material according to claim 1 and goods; it is characterized in that: continuous plate technology is dipping thermosetting of single or multiple lift Wood-glass cloth or thermoplastic (fusion) resin; can add decoration on demand; protective layer; soak thermosetting resin Wood-glass cloth upper and lower surface lay polyester film; compound by pair roller or multiple roll pressurization exhaust; entering heating of solidifying and setting chamber or air-cooled solidifying and setting is all kinds of sheet materials or central layer; there is the rolling of polyester film to use again; central layer just can be produced out-phase matrix composite board through the compound or cold subsides of heat again, at last customized cut-off as required.Indoorly add laterally, vertically press wave apparatus just can produce various band circular arc ripples in typing, continuous special-shaped ripple, continuous special-shaped ripple laterally, vertically plate, watt etc., with horizontal, vertical corresponding Weft wood glass fabric that is to use, the warp-wise Wood-glass cloth brings realization.It can produce various wood fibre compound slabs (furniture-plates, decorative sheet, engineering with plate etc.), sketch plate, corrugated sheet etc., various glass fiber reinforced polymer base wood fibre shingles (rift grain, band, thermosetting property, thermoplasticity), central layer, central layer are two-phase matrix composite sheet through the multiple layer of other technologies such as hot extrude again.
9. the production method of Wood fiber composite engineering material according to claim 1 and goods, it is characterized in that: the moulding process of thermoplastic composite material mainly contains the compression molding of Wood-glass cloth prepreg, the wooden molding material impact briquetting of sheet, the wooden molding material vacuum forming of sheet, Wrapping formed, the pultrusion of preimpregnation (now soaking) Wood-glass cloth band, continuous plate moulding, centrifugal forming and extruding and moulding etc.The Wood-glass cloth band makes wooden glass dimension soak into plastics and gets rid of bubble through solvent impregnated or melt impregnation or superimposed again through the heating pressurization with plastic sheet continuously, and cooling shaping length as required cuts into the preimpregnation wooden sheet or rolls into the wooden coiled material of preimpregnation.Can obtain melt resin with the molten bath fusing.The preimpregnation wooden sheet is shaped to various thermoplastic resin group's Wood fiber composite material goods through mold pressing, punching press or heating in vacuum.As assembled water tank plate, furniture-plates, decorative sheet etc.The winding shaping process principle of thermoplastic wood composite material and Stetch Wrapping Machine equipment are the same with thermoset frp sill composite material, different is thermoplastic wood composite material winding product, need increase preimpregnation (now soaking) Wood-glass cloth band preheating (melting resin) device and heating compression roller on Stetch Wrapping Machine.When Wrapping formed, earlier preimpregnation (now soaking) Wood-glass cloth band is heated to softening point, the point of contact with core heats again, and by the compression roller pressurization, makes it be fused into an integral body.Thermoplastic composite wood materials pultrusion molding process and thermoset frp sill composite material base institute are similar substantially.The pre-soaked resin or the existing resin pickup of different is Wood-glass cloth band all should be heated to be molten state before going into mould, resin impregnated wood glass dimension extrusion modling in mould, depanning, through cooling and shaping, the traction become goods with customized cut-off, this technology can pultrusion go out various cross sections wooden profile material.Major product has all size Furniture panel, dalle, door-window section bar, hollow section, solid profile etc.Thermoplasticity continuous plate technology is the continuous Wood-glass cloth band of single or multiple lift to be extruded melting charge by molten bath and extruder cooperate insulating varnish or add the thin sheet material of moulding, and is rolled into dull and stereotyped or various watts and sketch plate through pressure roller or heating pressure roller.Cooperate with many extruders with dcita wood glass cloth band can to continuously produce, can produce the wooden Plastic steel tile of longitudinal and transverse waveform, multiple sheet materials such as various furniture-plates, storehouse plate above 2m wide plate material.It is compound that the thermoplasticity centrifugal pressure casting is used for various wood pipes jar inside liner, to increase antiseptic property.
10. the production method of compound compound material of wood fibre according to claim 1 and goods is characterized in that: composite material formings such as wooden gypsum, cement, chlorine oxygen magnesium are to make shop lamination material with Wood-glass cloth to add compound many class wood fibre unorganic glass base steel composite engineering materials and the goods produced of adhesive such as other reinforcing material such as glass cloth, yarn and gypsum, cement, chlorine oxygen magnesium as required.The moulding process of wooden inorganic composite materials and goods and wooden thermosetting resin base composite material process planning are basic identical; only need according to gypsum; cement; adhesive curing characteristics such as chlorine oxygen magnesium are adjusted some process parameters; just can produce same a kind of timber product of the unorganic glass steel base identical with the glass fibre reinforced plastics matrix, these technologies mainly contain hand pasting forming; compression molding; continuous plate; pultrusion; sandwich structure; pipe jug forming etc. particularly the inorganic matrix construction layer with the inside liner of organic matrix with protect the heterogeneous matrix composite article of decorative layer can satisfy many applications outward.Main goods have assembling type storehouse, water tank, railway carriage, container plate, furniture, decoration, table board, wooden inorganic glass line watt, pipe, jar, cooling tower, the insulation sandwich plate, insulation interlayer roofing tile, interlayer ash wall body plate, assembling type villa and movable house, various trough-shaped body etc.
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