CN101731099A - Method to cultivate agrocybe chaxingu annually by using civil air defense facilities - Google Patents
Method to cultivate agrocybe chaxingu annually by using civil air defense facilities Download PDFInfo
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- CN101731099A CN101731099A CN200910263130A CN200910263130A CN101731099A CN 101731099 A CN101731099 A CN 101731099A CN 200910263130 A CN200910263130 A CN 200910263130A CN 200910263130 A CN200910263130 A CN 200910263130A CN 101731099 A CN101731099 A CN 101731099A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention belongs to edible fungi production technology field, and discloses a method to cultivate agrocybe chaxingu in a year by using civil air defense facilities. The method is characterized in that the cool in summer and warm in winter environmental feature of civil air defense facilities is taken advantage of to provide a suitable growing condition, so that the annual cultivation of agrocybe chaxingu is realized without air-conditioning equipment. The invention can greatly save energy, effectively reduce operation cost and enhance economic returns.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of edible fungi production, relate to a kind of cultivation method of tea tree mushroom, especially utilize the method for people's air defense facility annually cultivating tea tree mushroom.
Background technology
The tea tree mushroom quality is tender and crisp, delicious flavour, and have strong fragrance, be a kind of nuisanceless edible health bacterium that liked by the consumer.That normal food tea tree mushroom has is anti-ageing, the effect of enriching yin and nourishing kidney, strengthening the spleen and stomach, raising body immunity.
Because high temperature modification edible fungus variety during tea tree mushroom belongs to, in the prior art, tea tree mushroom can only carry out seasonality at spring and autumn to be produced, and can not realize annually cultivating.And seasonal production exists many problems, mainly is that product can not balanced go on the market, the season that temperature is suitable, bright mushroom raised growth has little time to sell, and causes and borrows many mashed cities, and high summer and the temperature of temperature do not have bright mushroom listing low winter, causes short supply, produces the market imbalance.If carry out the cultivation of anti-season, industrial and annual, must rely on refrigeration (heat) equipment, the temperature in fruiting place is controlled at 15-25 ℃, because equipment investment is big, production run cost height is not suitable for vast rural area and applies.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to overcome the deficiency that prior art can not realize that the tea tree mushroom anniversary produces, a kind of method of utilizing people's air defense facility special natural environment condition cool in summer and warm in winter cultivate agrocybe mushroom is provided, do not having under the condition of cold and hot equipment, realizing the annually cultivating of tea tree mushroom.
Technical scheme of the present invention realizes in the following manner: the production technology according to " raw material preparation → people's air defense sterilization → medium preparation → fermentation → pack → sterilization → inoculation → cultivation → management of producing mushroom → gather → final-period management " is progressively implemented, and concrete operation method is:
1, prepare raw material: the primary raw material of cultivate agrocybe mushroom has cotton seed hulls, wood chip, corncob, wheat bran etc., requires freshly, and drying, nothing are gone mouldy, free from insect pests; Auxiliary material has land plaster, pulverized limestone, sugar etc., and the main material of use has edible mushroom special plastic bag, the collar, cotton plug etc.
2, people's air defense sterilization: earlier to the bomb shelter disinfection, method is to adopt the wall lime wash before the cultivation, the ground powder that limes, and space sulphur adding of germicide is fumigated diel.
3, culture medium prescription: cotton seed hulls 75-85%, wheat bran 10-25%, pulverized limestone 1-3%, land plaster 1%, sugar 1%; Moisture content in medium 60-65%, pH6.5-7.5.
4, the fermentation of medium: in proportion that cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, pulverized limestone, land plaster dry mixing is even, again sugar is dissolved in the water, by material-water ratio is 1: 1-1.3 adds water and stirs, pile the heap of long 3-5m, wide 0.8-1.5m, high 0.8-1.5m, beat the ventilate hole every 0.3-1m, cover sunshade net fermentation reactor system.Keep more than 12 hours when temperature to be expected reaches more than 60 ℃, carry out turning then.Want during turning about, up and down fully turn over even.Keep 12 hours heaps that can loose after temperature to be expected rises to 60 ℃ after the turning, and transfer water content and pH value, can pack sterilization after material mixes up.Fermentation process generally needs 5-7 days.
5, pack sterilization: the material that will ferment in time packs sterilization, every packed siccative 0.3-0.5kg, and weight in wet base 1-1.3kg, cultivation bag can select the plastic sack of different length for use according to fruiting mode difference.Vertical fruiting is selected the knuckle tube bag of 17 * 30cm for use, horizontal fruiting select 17 * 38 knuckle tube bag for use, generally adopt polypropylene or low-pressure polyethylene, single face thickness 4-5 silk plastic sack is advisable.When filling with substance is wanted the degree of tightness appropriateness, and installing the back charge level will flatten, and makes a call to a ventilation hole from top to bottom with the waddy of diameter 1.5-2cm.With the plastic ties tying or add the collar and seal back dress basket sterilization, normal-pressure sterilization, kept 12-15 hour by temperature 100-105 ℃ then.
6, inoculated and cultured: the bacterium bag of the bacterium of going out, be placed on clean transfer room and be cooled to below 30 ℃, sterile working inoculation in inoculating hood or transfer room, every bottle of bacterial classification expansion connects the 25-30 bag.Place the bomb shelter bacteria then, the spring plants and should closely discharge, and relative moisture is controlled at below 70%.Autumn plants sack and answers sparse discharging, and temperature control burns bacterium below 25 ℃ in case high temperature causes.Mycelia is covered with bag needs 35-45 days usually.
7, management of producing mushroom: mycelia is covered with to consolidate behind the bag and can open a bag fruiting in 8-10 days.Method is that the bacterium bag uprightly is thrown into ground, bomb shelter, every square metre of 70-90 bag, stretching sack, open the moistening bacterium Bag Material face of a small amount of water spray in bag back, covering with plastic film is preserved moisture, and small mushroom bud can occur in 5-7 days, keep relative air humidity 85-90%, sooner or later spraying water every day increases air humidity 90-95%, simultaneously according to the sporophore growth situation, suitably ventilates and adds lustre to.
8, gather: grow to seven, medium well when fruit body, cap is hemispherical, and mycoderm is not broken, will in time not gather when collarium breaks away from cap as yet.Gathered late then that cap comes off easily or be damaged, commodity value reduces, and in time gathering is the effective measures that guarantee the tea tree mushroom product quality.
9, final-period management: in time clear up the residual mushroom root of charge level after a damp mushroom is gathered, dead mushroom, young mushroom.After having cleared up, close up sack and accomplish 3-4 days by mycelia.Heavy water of stretching then sack spray, cover film continues to urge flower bud.Proceed management according to above-mentioned management method then.The second damp original hase can appear in change of tide about 10-16 days at interval.After the bacterium bag had gone out two damp mushrooms, it is very dry that medium has become, is difficult to satisfy the moisture requirement of fruiting once more.Must carry out moisturizing handles.Moisturizing can be adopted the injector moisturizing, soaks, multiple mode such as pour water.Can adopt multiple nutrients liquid to come supplementing culture medium interior moisture and nutrition during moisturizing.The number of times of moisturizing generally after go out the second damp mushroom, whenever goes out a damp moisturizing once.So just can guarantee the yield and quality of later stage fruiting, thereby obtain good economic benefit.Tea tree mushroom can go out 5-6 tide mushroom continuously.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, utilizes bomb shelter special natural environment condition cool in summer and warm in winter cultivate agrocybe mushroom, under the condition of not using refrigeration and warming-up device, realize that the anniversary of coprinus comatus produces, saved the energy greatly, effectively reduce the production run cost, meet the industrial policy of national energy-saving and environmental protecting.
2, the bomb shelter is cool in summer and warm in winter, and temperature can be sent out bacterium and can be used as the fruiting place again at 18-22 ℃ throughout the year, also helps the generation that reduces damage by disease and insect.
3, because the bomb shelter temperature is not subject to seasonal restrictions, can artificially arrange to send out a bacterium, fruiting cycle, can avoid product to concentrate the generation of listing phenomenon, guarantee the market co-ordination of supply and marketing according to the market demand.Can also summer outdoor conventional cultivation can't fruiting, season of market product shortage, increase output, improve cultivation benefit.
4, because the long-term variations in temperature in bomb shelter is little, the tea tree mushroom quality height, the quality better that are produced.
Embodiment
The present invention includes raw material preparation, people's air defense sterilization, medium preparation and fermentation process, the production of bacterium bag, send out technological processes such as bacterium cultivation, management of producing mushroom.Concrete operation method is:
1, prepare raw material: the primary raw material of cultivate agrocybe mushroom has cotton seed hulls, wood chip, corncob, wheat bran etc., requires freshly, and drying, nothing are gone mouldy, free from insect pests; Auxiliary material has land plaster, pulverized limestone, sugar etc., and the main material of use has edible mushroom special plastic bag, the collar, cotton plug etc.
2, people's air defense sterilization: earlier to the bomb shelter disinfection, method is to adopt the wall lime wash before the cultivation, the ground powder that limes, and space sulphur adding of germicide is fumigated diel.
3, culture medium prescription: cotton seed hulls 75-85%, wheat bran 10-25%, pulverized limestone 1-3%, land plaster 1%, sugar 1%.Moisture content in medium 60-65%, pH6.5-7.5.
4, the fermentation of medium: in proportion that cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, pulverized limestone, land plaster dry mixing is even, again sugar is dissolved in the water, by material-water ratio is 1: 1-1.3 adds water and stirs, pile the heap of long 3-5m, wide 0.8-1.5m, high 0.8-1.5m, beat the ventilate hole every 0.3-1m, cover sunshade net fermentation reactor system.Keep more than 12 hours when temperature to be expected reaches more than 60 ℃, carry out turning then.Want during turning about, up and down fully turn over even.Keep 12 hours heaps that can loose after temperature to be expected rises to 60 ℃ after the turning, and transfer water content and pH value, can pack sterilization after material mixes up.Fermentation process generally needs 5-7 days.
5, pack sterilization: the material that will ferment in time packs sterilization, every packed siccative 0.3-0.5kg, and weight in wet base 1-1.3kg, cultivation bag can select the plastic sack of different length for use according to fruiting mode difference.Vertical fruiting is selected the knuckle tube bag of 17 * 30cm for use, horizontal fruiting select 17 * 38 knuckle tube bag for use, generally adopt polypropylene or low-pressure polyethylene, single face thickness 4-5 silk plastic sack is advisable.When filling with substance is wanted the degree of tightness appropriateness, and installing the back charge level will flatten, and makes a call to a ventilation hole from top to bottom with the waddy of diameter 1.5-2cm.With the plastic ties tying or add the collar and seal back dress basket sterilization, normal-pressure sterilization, kept 12-15 hour by temperature 100-105 ℃ then.
6, inoculated and cultured: the bacterium bag of the bacterium of going out, be placed on clean transfer room and be cooled to below 30 ℃, in inoculating hood or the inoculation of inoculation in-house operation, every bottle of bacterial classification expansion connects the 25-30 bag.Place the bomb shelter bacteria then, the spring plants and should closely discharge, and relative moisture is controlled at below 70%.Autumn plants sack and answers sparse discharging, and temperature control burns bacterium below 25 ℃ in case high temperature causes.Mycelia is covered with bag needs 35-45 days usually.
7, management of producing mushroom: mycelia can open a bag fruiting after covering with bag.Method is that the bacterium bag uprightly is thrown into ground, bomb shelter (80 bags every square metre), stretching sack, and every mu can be discharged ten thousand bags of 4-5.Open the moistening bacterium Bag Material face of a small amount of water spray in bag back, covering with plastic film is preserved moisture, and small mushroom bud can occur in 5-7 days, keeps relative air humidity 85-90%, and spraying water sooner or later every day increases air humidity 90-95%, simultaneously according to the sporophore growth situation, suitably ventilates and adds lustre to.Generally begin light filling when the mushroom flower bud appears in charge level mycelia knot, the electric light of hanging a 25-40W every 5-6m gets final product.
8, gather: grow to seven, medium well when fruit body, cap is hemispherical, and mycoderm is not broken, will in time not gather when collarium breaks away from cap as yet.Gathered late then that cap comes off easily or be damaged, commodity value reduces, and in time gathering is the effective measures that guarantee the tea tree mushroom product quality.
9, final-period management: in time clear up the residual mushroom root of charge level after a damp mushroom is gathered, dead mushroom, young mushroom.After having cleared up, close up sack and accomplish 3-4 days by mycelia.Heavy water of stretching then sack spray, cover film continues to urge flower bud.Proceed management according to above-mentioned management method then.The second damp original hase can appear in change of tide about 10-16 days at interval.After the bacterium bag had gone out two damp mushrooms, it is very dry that medium has become, is difficult to satisfy the moisture requirement of fruiting once more.Must carry out moisturizing handles.Moisturizing can be adopted the injector moisturizing, soaks, multiple mode such as pour water.Can adopt multiple nutrients liquid to come supplementing culture medium interior moisture and nutrition during moisturizing.The number of times of moisturizing generally after go out the second damp mushroom, whenever goes out a damp moisturizing once.So just can guarantee the yield and quality of later stage fruiting, thereby obtain good economic benefit.Tea tree mushroom can go out 5-6 tide mushroom continuously.
Claims (7)
1. method of utilizing people's air defense facility annually cultivating tea tree mushroom, comprise that raw material preparation, people's air defense sterilization, medium preparation and fermentation process, bacterium bag are produced, management of producing mushroom, it is characterized in that: utilize people's air defense facility special natural environment cool in summer and warm in winter, for tea tree mushroom provides the suitable condition of growing, do not having under the condition of cold and hot equipment, realizing the annually cultivating of tea tree mushroom.
2. a kind of method of utilizing people's air defense facility annually cultivating tea tree mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described raw material mainly contains cotton seed hulls, wood chip, corncob, wheat bran etc., requires freshly, and drying, nothing are gone mouldy, free from insect pests; Auxiliary material has land plaster, pulverized limestone, sugar etc., and described main material has edible mushroom special plastic bag, the collar, cotton plug etc.
3. a kind of method of utilizing people's air defense facility annually cultivating tea tree mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described people's air defense sterilization is earlier to the bomb shelter disinfection before producing, method is to adopt the wall lime wash, the ground powder that limes, and space sulphur adding of germicide is fumigated diel.
4. a kind of method of utilizing people's air defense facility annually cultivating tea tree mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described culture medium prescription is: cotton seed hulls 75-85%, wheat bran 10-25%, pulverized limestone 1-3%, land plaster 1%, sugar 1%, moisture content in medium 60-65%, pH6.5-7.5.
5. a kind of method of utilizing people's air defense facility annually cultivating tea tree mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described medium fermentation processing method is: in proportion raw materials such as cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, pulverized limestone, land plaster are added water and stir, pile the heap of long 3-5m, wide 0.8-1.5m, high 0.8-1.5m, beat the ventilate hole every 0.3-1m, cover sunshade net fermentation reactor system, turning midway 1-2 time.
6. a kind of method of utilizing people's air defense facility annually cultivating tea tree mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described bacterium bag is produced, be with the composts or fertilisers of cultivating that the ferments plastic sack of packing into, after high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization cooling, insert the tea tree mushroom bacterial classification, cultivated 30-40 days in the bomb shelter, consolidate after mycelia sends out and expires and to open a bag fruiting in 8-10 days.
7. a kind of method of utilizing people's air defense facility annually cultivating tea tree mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described management of producing mushroom is that the bacterium bag uprightly is thrown into ground, bomb shelter, every square metre of 70-90 bag, stretching sack is opened the moistening bacterium Bag Material face of a small amount of water spray in bag back, covering with plastic film is preserved moisture, small mushroom bud can occur in 5-7 days, and keep relative air humidity 85-90%, spraying water sooner or later every day increases air humidity 90-95%, according to the sporophore growth situation, suitably ventilate and add lustre to simultaneously.
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| CN200910263130A CN101731099A (en) | 2009-12-16 | 2009-12-16 | Method to cultivate agrocybe chaxingu annually by using civil air defense facilities |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102674938A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2012-09-19 | 宁德师范学院 | Formula technology for agrocybe chaxingu strain culture medium and process for culturing strain |
| CN102948344A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-03-06 | 慕宗强 | Fully underground anniversary edible mushroom production room |
| CN103497059A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-01-08 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing agrocybe cylindracea cultivation material through utilization of pecan production and processing waste |
| CN104094774A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2014-10-15 | 河北大学 | Method for culturing agrocybe aegerita through litchi branch crumbs |
| CN104472212A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-04-01 | 曾令钢 | Factory-like bagging cultivation method for agrocybe cylindracea |
| CN104649816A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-05-27 | 吴晖 | Culture medium special for agrocybe cylindracea |
| CN104770220A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-15 | 连云港国鑫食用菌成套设备有限公司 | Edible fungus culturing method |
| CN108450234A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-08-28 | 北京农学院 | One plant of Agroeybe cylindracea mycelia bacterial strain and its cultural method and application |
-
2009
- 2009-12-16 CN CN200910263130A patent/CN101731099A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102674938A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2012-09-19 | 宁德师范学院 | Formula technology for agrocybe chaxingu strain culture medium and process for culturing strain |
| CN102948344A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-03-06 | 慕宗强 | Fully underground anniversary edible mushroom production room |
| CN103497059A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-01-08 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing agrocybe cylindracea cultivation material through utilization of pecan production and processing waste |
| CN103497059B (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-09-10 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing agrocybe cylindracea cultivation material through utilization of pecan production and processing waste |
| CN104094774A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2014-10-15 | 河北大学 | Method for culturing agrocybe aegerita through litchi branch crumbs |
| CN104472212A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-04-01 | 曾令钢 | Factory-like bagging cultivation method for agrocybe cylindracea |
| CN104472212B (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2016-08-24 | 曾令钢 | A kind of agrocyb eaegerita batch production bag cultivating method |
| CN104649816A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-05-27 | 吴晖 | Culture medium special for agrocybe cylindracea |
| CN104770220A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-15 | 连云港国鑫食用菌成套设备有限公司 | Edible fungus culturing method |
| CN108450234A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-08-28 | 北京农学院 | One plant of Agroeybe cylindracea mycelia bacterial strain and its cultural method and application |
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Open date: 20100616 |