CN101726625A - Device for preventing rotating speed measured value from jumping off and method thereof - Google Patents
Device for preventing rotating speed measured value from jumping off and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101726625A CN101726625A CN200810201209A CN200810201209A CN101726625A CN 101726625 A CN101726625 A CN 101726625A CN 200810201209 A CN200810201209 A CN 200810201209A CN 200810201209 A CN200810201209 A CN 200810201209A CN 101726625 A CN101726625 A CN 101726625A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for preventing rotating speed measured value from fluctuating and a method thereof. The device comprises a centrifugal machine principal axis, a tachometer disc and a tachogenerator which are arranged on the principal axis and rotate with the principal axis synchronously; the tachogenerator is assembled by the following parts: n little magnets which are arranged on the tachometer disc and distributed evenly, and a Hall element sensor is firmly arranged near the little magnets; and the invention is characterized in that the Hall element sensor is connected with a PLC controller, the controller provides a high-speed counter (HSC) and a set time interrupter (STI) which have interruption function. Basically, the rising edge of measurement time t at every turn is aligned with that of the pulse to be tested, namely, timing begins from the rising edge of the pulse to be tested, so that the numbers of pulses measured in the measurement time t at every turn are basically equivalent, the velocity measurement is precise, and the fluctuating of the rotating speed measured value is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of speed measuring device and speed-measuring method thereof, particularly a kind of devices and methods therefor that prevents that rotating speed measured value from beating.
Background technology
Tachometric survey is very important in processing and manufacturing is measured, and rotating speed measurement method has a lot, tests the speed as (1) Permanent Magnet DC Tachogeneator, and it is highly sensitive, and linear error is little, is its intrinsic defective but brush configuration is arranged; (2) indirect velocimetry generates tach signal by rotor-position signal, has saved special electromagnetism or photoelectric velocity measurement parts, and the utilization integrated circuit is realized testing the speed indirectly, and conveniently, simply, velocimetry mainly is used in miniature motor indirectly; Above method of testing device therefor is simple, with low cost, but rate accuracy is too low.(3) photoelectric velocity measurement is a kind of more general speed-measuring method, and precision was low when the normal optical method for electrically was surveyed low speed, with photoelectric code disk rate accuracy height, but costs an arm and a leg; (4) brushless DC tachogenerator tests the speed, as Hall brushless DC velocity measuring and the incorporate square wave brushless DC velocity measuring of motor etc., and modern design, simple and compact for structure, volume is little, better performances; This method device therefor costs an arm and a leg.
Chinese patent instructions CN1544803A discloses a kind of device that is used to measure and regulate miniature dirigible engine, comprise measurement of engine rotate speed sensing device, control box and steering wheel, the structure of this measurement of engine rotate speed device is: magnet of fixed installation on the engine shaft, near the magnet place Hall element detecting head is installed, the Hall element detecting head connects a control box.This invention adopts Hall element to measure engine speed, can guarantee substantially to test the speed accurately, it is fixedly mounted on this hall sensing on the support, realized noncontact tachometric survey to engine, but find in actual use: even actual speed is stable, but the tachometer value instability of measuring, being reflected at units does not stop to change, by analysis, reason is to lack synchronization mechanism between pulse train and the Measuring Time, be in free state, this just free state has caused the umber of pulse at every turn measured inconsistent.As shown in Figure 2: in identical measurement time t, because the starting point of timing is different, cause measuring 5 pulses in first pulse diagram in same time t, measure 4 pulses in second pulse diagram, the data that record like this are accurate inadequately.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of when testing the speed, the rising edge of each measurement time t aligns with the rising edge of measured pulse, all pick up counting from the rising edge of measured pulse promptly at every turn, thereby and then the recording impulse number reach accurately to test the speed and prevented the devices and methods therefor that rotating speed measured value is beated that prevents that rotating speed measured value beats.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the described device that prevents that rotating speed measured value from beating, comprise centrifuge principal axis, be installed in the tachometer disc and the tachogenerator device that rotate synchronously with it on this main shaft, this tachogenerator device is by forming with lower member: be installed in equally distributed n small magnet on the described tachometer disc, be installed with a hall element sensor near the small magnet place, it is characterized in that: described hall element sensor connects a PLC controller, and this controller provides the high-speed counter HSC with interrupt function and regularly interrupts STI; Described small magnet quantity is 6; Described PLC controller is MicroLogix1500.
Implement the described method that prevents the device that rotating speed measured value is beated,
1) earlier high-speed counter HSC is set a smaller value N, and to this high-speed counter HSC zero clearing;
2) when the value of real-time counter was identical with high-speed counter HSC setting value N, high-speed counter HSC sent interrupt request to the PLC controller, and rising edge of a pulse is found in expression, required to start immediately regularly to interrupt STI;
3) interrupt request of the corresponding in the short period of time high-speed counter HSC of PLC controller, in high-speed counter HSC interrupt call subroutine, start and regularly interrupt STI, simultaneously high-speed counter HSC is set a bigger value M, set a time T to regularly interrupting STI, from interrupt call, return then;
4) then, high-speed counter HSC counting regularly interrupts the STI timing, sends interrupt request to the PLC controller when regularly interrupting STI timing arrival predetermined value T, and the interrupt request of STI is regularly interrupted in response within a short period of time of PLC controller;
5) then, in interrupt request STI interruption subroutine, close interrupt request STI, read the real-time counting value p of HSC, calculate tachometer value;
6) repeat front 1-5 step.
Described enforcement prevents the method for the device of rotating speed measured value redirect, it is characterized in that the smaller value N that described high-speed counter HSC sets is 2, and the higher value M that high-speed counter HSC sets is 10000.
The present invention sends interrupt request from high-speed counter HSC and begins the response interruption to the CPU that PLC controls it, is called interrupt latency during this period of time, directly influences the degree of registration of rising edge during this period of time.As the actual CPU scanning process of Fig. 3, look into handbook as can be known, input scan, 3 steps of output scanning and communication wherein 30 μ s are represented actual not use, actual interrupt stand-by period T probably is 300 μ s; Interruption can take place at any point in CPU operating cycle, if interrupt request occurs in just beginning of internal affairs processing, interrupt latency will be the longest, T consuming time is 300 μ s, and worst case sees Fig. 4 for details, and the rising edge that can regard each measurement time t so substantially as aligns with the rising edge of measured pulse, all pick up counting from the rising edge of measured pulse promptly at every turn, make the umber of pulse that records in each measurement time t basic identical, test the speed accurately, prevented beating of rotating speed measured value.This invention rate accuracy height can reach the precision that the prior art photoelectric technology tests the speed, but cost has only this method half.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 prevents the software control FB(flow block) of the devices and methods therefor that rotating speed measured value is beated for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is in the prior art because the starting point of timing is different, causes the different distribution of pulses figure of contained umber of pulse in same time t.
Fig. 3 prevents the actual scanning process block diagram of the PLC controller of the devices and methods therefor that rotating speed measured value is beated for the present invention.
Fig. 4 prevents the actual distribution of pulses figure that tests the speed of devices and methods therefor that rotating speed measured value is beated for the present invention.
Embodiment
The numeral ultimate principle that tests the speed: how many umber of pulses of input in measuring unit's time.Obviously the high more rotating speed of pulsed frequency is just high more, otherwise rotating speed is just low more.
Testing the speed with the LC-6M hydro-extractor is example, and a tachometer disc is housed on the LC-6M centrifuge principal axis, is evenly distributed with 6 small magnets on the circumference of dish, and tachometer disc is followed centrifuge principal axis and rotated together.Be installed with a Hall unit sensor leaving the less gap location of small magnet, during main axis rotation small magnet successively by Hall unit,
Whenever the sensor that rotates a circle produces 6 pulses, represent Measuring Time with t, and the umber of pulse of corresponding t is represented with p, just can use formula (1-1) to calculate rotation speed n.
Wherein: t represents Measuring Time in the formula, the s of unit; P represents the umber of pulse that measures in the corresponding time t; N represents rotating speed, the r/min of unit.
During actual the use, determine measurement time t, come the umber of pulse p that imports in t writing time with HSC with the STI timer.There have been t and p just can calculate actual speed n with following formula.
The present invention prevents the device that rotating speed measured value is beated, comprise centrifuge principal axis, be installed in the tachometer disc and the tachogenerator device that rotate synchronously with it on this main shaft, this tachogenerator device is by forming with lower member: be installed in equally distributed n small magnet on the described tachometer disc, be installed with a hall element sensor near the small magnet place, described hall element sensor connects a PLC controller, and this controller provides the high-speed counter HSC with interrupt function and regularly interrupts STI.The PLC that uses in the laboratory is the MicroLogix1500 of Rockwell company, and PLC provides the high-speed counter (HSC) of response for 20kHz has interrupt function, provides optional timing to interrupt (STI) simultaneously.
Implement the described method that prevents the device that rotating speed measured value is beated,
1) earlier high-speed counter HSC is set a smaller value N, and to this high-speed counter HSC zero clearing;
2) when the value of real-time counter was identical with high-speed counter HSC setting value N, high-speed counter HSC sent interrupt request to the PLC controller, and rising edge of a pulse is found in expression, required to start immediately regularly to interrupt STI;
3) interrupt request of the corresponding in the short period of time high-speed counter HSC of PLC controller, in high-speed counter HSC interrupt call subroutine, start and regularly interrupt STI, simultaneously high-speed counter HSC is set a bigger value M, set a time T to regularly interrupting STI, from interrupt call, return then;
4) then, high-speed counter HSC counting regularly interrupts the STI timing, sends interrupt request to the PLC controller when regularly interrupting STI timing arrival predetermined value T, and the interrupt request of STI is regularly interrupted in response within a short period of time of PLC controller;
5) then, in interrupt request STI interruption subroutine, close interrupt request STI, read the real-time counting value p of HSC, calculate tachometer value;
6) repeat front 1-5 step.
Operation proof on MicroLogix1500, under the situation of input pulse frequency stabilization, prevent that with the present invention the devices and methods therefor that rotating speed measured value is beated from dividing at a high speed and two kinds of situation tests of low speed, is no less than 10 hours observation through accumulative total, data stabilization does not observe the data problem of beating.
Claims (5)
1. device that prevents that rotating speed measured value from beating, comprise centrifuge principal axis, be installed in the tachometer disc and the tachogenerator device that rotate synchronously with it on this main shaft, this tachogenerator device is by forming with lower member: be installed in equally distributed n small magnet on the described tachometer disc, be installed with a hall element sensor near the small magnet place, it is characterized in that: described hall element sensor connects a PLC controller, and this controller provides the high-speed counter HSC with interrupt function and regularly interrupts STI.
2. according to the described device that prevents that rotating speed measured value from beating of claim 1, it is characterized in that described small magnet quantity is 6.
3. according to the described device that prevents that rotating speed measured value from beating of claim 1, it is characterized in that described PLC controller is MicroLogix1500.
4. implement the described method that prevents the device that rotating speed measured value is beated of claim 1 for one kind,
1) earlier high-speed counter HSC is set a smaller value N;
2) when the value of real-time counter is identical with high-speed counter HSC setting value N, and to this high-speed counter HSC zero clearing, high-speed counter HSC sends interrupt request to the PLC controller, and rising edge of a pulse is found in expression, requires to start immediately regularly to interrupt STI;
3) interrupt request of the corresponding in the short period of time high-speed counter HSC of PLC controller, in high-speed counter HSC interrupt call subroutine, start and regularly interrupt STI, simultaneously high-speed counter HSC is set a bigger value M, set a time T to regularly interrupting STI, from interrupt call, return then;
4) then, high-speed counter HSC counting regularly interrupts the STI timing, sends interrupt request to the PLC controller when regularly interrupting STI timing arrival predetermined value T, and the interrupt request of STI is regularly interrupted in response within a short period of time of PLC controller;
5) then, in interrupt request STI interruption subroutine, close interrupt request STI, read the real-time counting value p of HSC, calculate tachometer value;
6) repeat front 1-5 step.
5. prevent the method for the device of rotating speed measured value redirect according to the described enforcement of claim 4, it is characterized in that the smaller value N that described high-speed counter HSC sets is 2, the higher value M that high-speed counter HSC sets is 10000.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200810201209A CN101726625A (en) | 2008-10-15 | 2008-10-15 | Device for preventing rotating speed measured value from jumping off and method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200810201209A CN101726625A (en) | 2008-10-15 | 2008-10-15 | Device for preventing rotating speed measured value from jumping off and method thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103631152A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | Motor controller hardware-in-loop simulation torque /rotary speed composite signal analogy method |
| CN103776470A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-05-07 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | Circular sampling filtering method for frequency quantity |
| CN103995143A (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2014-08-20 | 上海市离心机械研究所有限公司 | Rotation differential speed signal measuring apparatus |
| CN108153179A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2018-06-12 | 中核兰州铀浓缩有限公司 | Centrifuge uranium enrichment Frequency Measurement System control unit |
| CN110068700A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2019-07-30 | 埃佩多夫股份公司 | The method and apparatus of revolving speed for monitoring element |
-
2008
- 2008-10-15 CN CN200810201209A patent/CN101726625A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103995143A (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2014-08-20 | 上海市离心机械研究所有限公司 | Rotation differential speed signal measuring apparatus |
| CN103631152A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | Motor controller hardware-in-loop simulation torque /rotary speed composite signal analogy method |
| CN103776470A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-05-07 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | Circular sampling filtering method for frequency quantity |
| CN103776470B (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2016-02-03 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | A kind of circle sampling filtering method for frequency quantity |
| CN108153179A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2018-06-12 | 中核兰州铀浓缩有限公司 | Centrifuge uranium enrichment Frequency Measurement System control unit |
| CN110068700A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2019-07-30 | 埃佩多夫股份公司 | The method and apparatus of revolving speed for monitoring element |
| US11298707B2 (en) | 2018-01-23 | 2022-04-12 | Eppendorf Ag | Method and device for monitoring the rotational speed of an element |
| CN110068700B (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2022-05-27 | 埃佩多夫股份公司 | Method and device for monitoring the rotational speed of a component |
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Application publication date: 20100609 |