CN101719775B - Power line carrier transreceiver special for relay protection - Google Patents
Power line carrier transreceiver special for relay protection Download PDFInfo
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- CN101719775B CN101719775B CN2009103098138A CN200910309813A CN101719775B CN 101719775 B CN101719775 B CN 101719775B CN 2009103098138 A CN2009103098138 A CN 2009103098138A CN 200910309813 A CN200910309813 A CN 200910309813A CN 101719775 B CN101719775 B CN 101719775B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a power line carrier transceiver special for relay protection, which comprises a receiving loop. The receiving loop comprises a conditioning module, a modulation module, an automatic gain adjustment module, an A/D module and a digital signal processing module which are electrically connected with one another in turn, wherein the conditioning module is used for adjusting the amplitude of an input high-frequency signal, filtering the adjusted high-frequency signal to inhibit a noise signal outside a frequency band, and promoting the signal amplitude; the modulation module is used for adjusting the input high-frequency signal into an intermediate-frequency signal; the automatic gain adjustment module is used for automatically adjusting an input signal gain; the A/D module is used for quantizing an analog signal sample into a digital signal; and the digital signal processing module is used for performing digital filtering, energy calculation and threshold discrimination on the signal, and outputting a receiving signal and a receiving level indicator signal. The power line carrier transceiver can achieve that the transceiver can work normally under a bad condition that a line is attenuated to 50dB. Thus, even under a condition that the line is coated by ice seriously, the transceiver can work normally to improve the running reliability of an electric power system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power line carrier transreceiver special for relay protection.
Background technology
The scheme of existing two kinds of relaying protection dedicated transceiver technology is as follows:
Scheme one: relaying protection special carrier transceiver adopts on-off keying (ON/OFF) working method; the transceiver principle of this working method is a kind of amplitude-modulation system transceiver; transceiver does not have automatic gain control AGC loop; do not post a letter (OFF) during normal operation, (0N) posts a letter when receiving starting command.During normal operation, there is not the high-frequency signal transmission on the passage.The state of passage needs the operator on duty of transformer station regularly to carry out lane testing, and the testing time is 15 seconds, checks the state of passage.
Automatic gain control AGC: the gain (multiplication factor) to electric loop automatically adjusts according to the intensity of signal, when signal strength signal intensity increases, and Gain Automatic reduction; When signal strength weakening, Gain Automatic increase, thus make signal stabilization in the loop in certain limit.
The receiving sensitivity of this working method transceiver is :+4dBm～14dBm.When the passage attenuation increases, when the signal that receives is lower than sensitivity, just install the high-frequency signal that correctly demodulation receives.The dB decibel is the ratio size that a pure digit represents two amounts, does not have unit.In Application for communication engineering, often adopt.For power, dBm=10*lg (A/B).For voltage or electric current, dB=20*lg (A/B).A herein, the B representative participates in performance number relatively or electric current, magnitude of voltage.
Scheme two: adopted the relaying protection special carrier transceiver of frequency shift keying (FSK) working method, sent monitored signal during normal operation, signal frequency is f
GSend command signal when receiving operational order, signal frequency is f
Tf
GBe used for monitoring channel and latch-up protection, f
TBe used for the order of transmission regulation.The collection of letters loop industry of the transceiver of this working method does not have automatic gain control AGC loop.
The receiving sensitivity of this working method transceiver is: 0dBm～10dBm.When the passage attenuation increases, when the signal that receives is lower than sensitivity, just install the high-frequency signal that correctly demodulation receives.
The shortcoming of existing relaying protection dedicated transceiver technology:
When the signal that receives hour, the quantizing noise of the analog to digital conversion part of receiving loop increases, signal processing is to the precise decreasing of small-signal demodulation, the reliability of demodulation output is just very poor.The dynamic range in collection of letters loop is little, generally only has 25～30dB, for the reliability that guarantees to collect mail, when collection of letters signal is lower than certain thresholding (in order to guarantee reliability of operation, during general specific sensitivity high 6～9dB), must withdraw from hf transceiver, so the transceiver of actual motion requires line hepatitis consumption to be not more than 30dB.When running into the situation of the serious icing of the picture south electric network transmission line Spring Festival in 2008, the high-frequency signal of passage is seriously decayed, and just can only withdraw from carrier current protection, affects the normal operation of transmission line protection system.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of power line carrier transreceiver special for relay protection, (be generally the problem of the reliability and stability of 20dB～25dB), the serious icing of transmission line, the caused power system operation of the serious attenuation of signal so that the collection of letters dynamic range that solves the relaying protection dedicated transceiver is little.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: comprise collection of letters loop, comprise successively electrical connection in the described collection of letters loop:
Conditioning module: be used for to adjust the amplitude of the high-frequency signal of input, and to the high-frequency signal filtering after adjusting with the outer noise signal of rejection band, and then promote signal amplitude;
Modulation module: be used for the high-frequency signal of input is adjusted into intermediate-freuqncy signal;
Automatic gain control module: be used for the signal gain of input is automatically adjusted;
The A/D module: being used for the analog signal sample quantization is digital signal;
Digital signal processing module: digital filtering, the energy that is used for signal calculates, thresholding is differentiated processing, and output collection of letters signal and receiving level index signal.
Described conditioning module comprises attenuator, high freguency bandpass filter and first amplifier of successively electrical connection; Described modulation module comprises modulator, the second amplifier, if bandpas filter and the 3rd amplifier of successively electrical connection.
Described automatic gain control module adopts has the automatic gain control amplifier chip AD603 that programme-controlled gain is regulated, after the output pin of this chip connects the half-wave testing circuit, through the output of coupling capacitance access automatic gain control module, the output of this automatic gain control module is by resistance connecting to neutral potential point.
Described half-wave testing circuit comprises temperature sensor, triode, resistance, gain capacitances and filter capacitor, access positive source behind the collector series connection temperature sensor of described triode, the base stage connecting to neutral potential point of described triode, be connected to gain capacitances between the base stage of described triode and the collector electrode, the collector electrode of triode accesses the GPOS pin of described chip, the emitter of described triode is by the output pin of resistance access chip, and described filter capacitor is connected to the two ends of described resistance.
The collection of letters of the present invention loop comprises conditioning module, modulation module, automatic gain control module, A/D module and digital signal processing module, the automatic gain control module in this loop can realize the gain of input signal is automatically adjusted, when the signal that receives hour, the Gain Automatic change in collection of letters loop is large, improved the amplitude of A/D conversion fraction input signal, the quantizing noise of A/D conversion fraction has improved sampling precision when having reduced the small-signal input; When the amplitude of input signal surpasses the amplitude limitation of A/D sampling, the Gain Automatic of collection of letters loop diminishes, limit the amplitude that is input to A/D conversion portion signal, prevented A/D conversion chip because input signal causes too by force sampled signal saturated, improved the precision of sampling.The present invention has realized relaying protection dedicated transceiver input dynamic range 50dB, and the collection of letters dynamic range that has solved domestic relaying protection dedicated transceiver is little (to be generally the problem of 20dB～25dB).The present invention can realize that transceiver decays at circuit in the abominable situation of 50dB and work.Even in the serious icing situation of circuit, transceiver also can normally move like this, thereby has improved the reliability and stability of power system operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is theory diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is automatic gain control circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the gain of the embodiment of the invention and the graph of a relation of input signal.
Embodiment
Power line carrier transreceiver special for relay protection of the present invention comprises collection of letters loop; theory diagram comprises in this collection of letters loop being electrically connected successively conditioning module, modulation module, automatic gain control module 3, A/D module 4 and DSP digital signal processing module 5 as shown in Figure 1.Conditioning module comprises attenuator 11, high freguency bandpass filter 12 and first amplifier 13 of successively electrical connection, this conditioning module is used for adjusting the amplitude of the high-frequency signal of inputting, and to the high-frequency signal filtering after adjusting with the outer noise signal of rejection band, and then promote signal amplitude; Modulation module is drawn together modulator 21, the second amplifier 22, if bandpas filter 23 and the 3rd amplifier 24 of successively electrical connection, and this modulation module is used for the high-frequency signal of input is adjusted into intermediate-freuqncy signal; Automatic gain control module 3 is used for the signal gain of input is automatically adjusted; It is digital signal that the A/D module is used for the analog signal sample quantization; Digital filtering, the energy that DSP digital signal processing module 5 is used for signal calculates, thresholding is differentiated processing, and output collection of letters signal and receiving level index signal.
High-frequency signal f0 from the circuit input, through access to plant after the isolation coupling of T transformer, then adjust through the signal amplitude of 11 pairs of inputs of attenuator, high-frequency signal after the adjustment is sent into high freguency bandpass filter 12, signal to input carries out filtering, the noise signal that rejection band is outer, then through sending into modulator 21 after the first amplifier 13 lifting amplitudes, (frequency is: signal fL=f0+12kHz) carries out frequency translation to modulator 21 with the high-frequency signal of collecting mail and local oscillator, on intermediate-freuqncy signal (intermediate frequency), the centre frequency of intermediate-freuqncy signal is 12kHz with the high-frequency signal frequency spectrum shift.The signal main frequency component of modulator output has: f0+12kHz, 2f0+12kHz, 12kHz.The signal of modulator 21 outputs is sent into if bandpas filter 23 after amplifying through the second amplifier 22, the signal electing lower sideband of 23 pairs of modulator outputs of this if bandpas filter, other signal of filtering, if bandpas filter 23 output signals are the intermediate-freuqncy signal of 12kHz like this.Intermediate-freuqncy signal is sent into AGC automatic gain control module 3 after amplifying through the 3rd amplifier 24, AGC carries out automatic gain control to the signal of output, adjustable range is-10dB～+ 30dB, intermediate-freuqncy signal after the adjusting is sent into the A/D conversion chip, and the A/D conversion portion is digital signal with the analog signal sample quantization, then sends into the DSP digital signal processor, finish the digital filter to signal, energy calculates, and thresholding is differentiated, and exports at last collection of letters signal and receiving level index signal.
The schematic diagram of automatic gain control module of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, the core of this module is to adopt to have the automatic gain control amplifier chip that programme-controlled gain is regulated, this chip is a AGC chip AD603 of AnalogDevices company, after the output VOUT of this chip connects the half-wave testing circuit, through the output terminals A GC_OUT of coupling capacitance C103 access automatic gain control module, the output terminals A GC_OUT of this automatic gain control module is by resistance R 120 connecting to neutral potential points.Described half-wave testing circuit comprises that model is the temperature sensor Q1 of AD590, NPN type triode Q2, resistance R 118 and resistance R 119, gain capacitances C102 and filter capacitor C112, access+5V power supply behind the collector series connection temperature sensor Q1 of described triode Q2, the base stage connecting to neutral potential point of triode Q2, be connected to gain capacitances C102 between the base stage of triode Q2 and the collector electrode, the collector electrode of triode Q2 accesses the GPOS pin of described chip, the emitter of triode Q2 is by the resistance R 118 of two series connection and the output pin VOUT of R119 access chip, and described filter capacitor C112 is connected to the two ends of described two series resistance R118 and R119.
The AD603 chip is a low noise, voltage-controlled AGC amplifier.Can realize at bandwidth 90MHz-11dB～+ gain of 31dB, when can be implemented in bandwidth and be 9MHz by non-essential resistance ,+9dB～+ 51dB.At supply voltage be? during 5V, power consumption is 125mW.
The gain control of AD603 is 1dB/25mV, and gain-controlled voltage 1V can realize the scope of 40dB like this.Controlling the super upper limit of voltage or in limited time lower, the gain that can export in addition 1dB.The gain response time is that 40dB is less than 1us.
The output of AD603 low distortion can drive the load of 100 Ω.Be 500 Ω 5pF electric capacity in parallel in load, output frequency is 1MHz, and in the sinusoidal wave situation of ± 1V, harmonic distortion is-60dBc.
This programme has adopted FDBK pin and VOUT pin short circuit, among the AD603-10dB～+ working method of 30dB.
Basic functional principle is: when VAGCOUT is positive half cycle, Q2 by, when VAGCOUT is negative half period, the Q2 conducting, flow into the average current of gain capacitances C102: (temperature is when 300K for IC102=IQ1-IQ2, IQ1=300uA), when gain-controlled voltage Vc102 is in stable state, the mean value of the rectified current among the Q2 in the one-period must keep balance with Q1, to such an extent as to do not satisfy this condition if the amplitude of AD603 output is too little, then the voltage of gain-controlled voltage Vc102 rises rapidly, causing that gain improves, finally make the abundant conducting of Q2, when the amplitude of AD603 output is too large, the abundant conducting of Q2, control voltage Vc102 descends rapidly, cause that gain reduces, thereby the control loop output amplitude is stable.The gain in this collection of letters loop and the relation of input signal are seen Fig. 3, the gain ranging of AGC is-10dB～+ 30dB, when input signal during less than-20dB, the automatic gain control module will automatic gain 30dB, when input reference signal be-20dB～+ during 20dB, the gain of will existingly successively decreasing of automatic gain control module, when input signal during greater than 20dB, the automatic gain control module is with automatic gain-10dB.
After adopting above-mentioned automatic gain control circuit, can realize that transceiver decays at circuit in the abominable situation of 50dB to work.Even in the serious icing situation of circuit, transceiver also can normally move like this, thereby has improved the reliability of power system operation.
Claims (4)
1. a power line carrier transreceiver special for relay protection comprises collection of letters loop, it is characterized in that, comprises successively electrical connection in the described collection of letters loop:
Conditioning module: be used for to adjust the amplitude of the high-frequency signal of input, and to the high-frequency signal filtering after adjusting with the outer noise signal of rejection band, and then promote signal amplitude;
Modulation module: be used for the high-frequency signal of input is adjusted into intermediate-freuqncy signal;
The automatic gain control module: be used for the signal gain of input is automatically adjusted, adjustable range is-10dB～+ 30dB;
The A/D module: being used for the analog signal sample quantization is digital signal;
Digital signal processing module: digital filtering, the energy that is used for signal calculates, thresholding is differentiated processing, and output collection of letters signal and receiving level index signal.
2. a kind of power line carrier transreceiver special for relay protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described conditioning module comprises attenuator, high freguency bandpass filter and first amplifier of successively electrical connection; Described modulation module comprises modulator, the second amplifier, if bandpas filter and the 3rd amplifier of successively electrical connection.
3. a kind of power line carrier transreceiver special for relay protection according to claim 2; it is characterized in that: described automatic gain control module adopts has the automatic gain control amplifier chip AD603 that programme-controlled gain is regulated; after the output pin of this chip connects the half-wave testing circuit; through the output of coupling capacitance access automatic gain control module, the output of this automatic gain control module is by resistance connecting to neutral potential point.
4. a kind of power line carrier transreceiver special for relay protection according to claim 3; it is characterized in that: described half-wave testing circuit comprises temperature sensor; triode; resistance; gain capacitances and filter capacitor; access positive source behind the collector series connection temperature sensor of described triode; the base stage connecting to neutral potential point of described triode; be connected to gain capacitances between the base stage of described triode and the collector electrode; the collector electrode of triode accesses the GPOS pin of described chip; the emitter of described triode is by the output pin of resistance access chip, and described filter capacitor is connected to the two ends of described resistance.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009103098138A CN101719775B (en) | 2009-11-16 | 2009-11-16 | Power line carrier transreceiver special for relay protection |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009103098138A CN101719775B (en) | 2009-11-16 | 2009-11-16 | Power line carrier transreceiver special for relay protection |
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| CN101719775A CN101719775A (en) | 2010-06-02 |
| CN101719775B true CN101719775B (en) | 2013-04-10 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| UA101664C2 (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2013-04-25 | Александр Иосифович Переяславец | Method for transmission of commands of relay protection and emergency control schemes through high-frequency channels |
| CN103259565A (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2013-08-21 | 盛吉高科（北京）科技有限公司 | Conditioning circuit of power line carrier communication received signal |
| CN108964625B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2022-08-19 | 河南中多科技发展有限公司 | Level control system for digital modulation and demodulation in D wave communication |
| EP4117243A4 (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2023-11-29 | Calterah Semiconductor Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd | Automatic gain control method, sensor, and radio device |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1403196A1 (en) * | 1985-06-05 | 1988-06-15 | Ленинградский Политехнический Институт Им.М.И.Калинина | Remote measurement member |
| CN101162912A (en) * | 2007-11-19 | 2008-04-16 | 上海士康射频技术有限公司 | Single chip radio frequency transceiver |
-
2009
- 2009-11-16 CN CN2009103098138A patent/CN101719775B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1403196A1 (en) * | 1985-06-05 | 1988-06-15 | Ленинградский Политехнический Институт Им.М.И.Калинина | Remote measurement member |
| CN101162912A (en) * | 2007-11-19 | 2008-04-16 | 上海士康射频技术有限公司 | Single chip radio frequency transceiver |
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