CN101622986B - 一种含谷胱甘肽的猪精液冷冻保存液及其冷冻保存方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种含谷胱甘肽的猪精液冷冻保存液及其冷冻保存方法。所述的猪精液冷冻保存液以常规适用于猪精液冷冻保存的稀释液为基质,所述猪精液冷冻保存液中还含有2~6mg/mL的谷胱甘肽,5~11mg/mL的乳糖和10~30%(v/v)卵黄、5~10%(v/v)的甘油和0.5~2mg/mL的十二醇硫酸钠。本发明将谷胱甘肽应用于猪精液冷冻保存,可以有效地去除冷冻过程中产生的多余自由基,解决了目前猪精液冷冻保存存活率低的问题。其经济成本较低,便于在生产中推广应用。
Description
(一)技术领域
本发明涉及一种含谷胱甘肽的猪精液冷冻保存液及其冷冻保存方法,属于家畜繁殖技术领域。
(二)背景技术
在我国,猪是最主要的饲养家畜,猪肉产量约占全国肉类总量的70%。近几年随着人民生活水平的提高,猪的育种方向从主要着眼于生长速度与瘦肉率的提高,转变为改善猪肉的品质,提高肉的风味。传统的选育方式世代间隔时间长,已不能适应市场需求,而采用猪冷冻精液技术,可充分利用优良种畜,缩短良种选育世代间隔时间,快速建立新的适合市场要求的种猪和商品猪杂交繁育体系。同时,近千年的饲养史,已在我国形成了数百种各具特色的地方品种,这是一份非常宝贵的财产,今后畜牧业的竞争,相当部份是遗传资源,优良基因利用的竞争,但近年国外猪种的引进杂交,已使我国有相当数量的地方品种灭绝或面临灭绝,而采用猪精液冷冻保存技术可有效保存我国地方猪种质资源,具有不可估量的社会意义和效益。
虽然草食家畜精液超低温(-196℃)冷冻保存技术已在现代化畜牧生产、种质资源保存中发挥着重要作用,并产生了显见的经济和社会效益。但猪冷冻精液一直难以在生产中大范围推广应用,其原因有两个,一是猪精子细胞质膜中胆固醇与磷脂比率显著低于草食动物,在冷冻过程中精子膜的离子通透性增强,脂类物质流失,导致冻精活率低、受胎率低。二是猪精子在冷冻过程中常受到自由基和氧化应激的侵害,从而影响猪精子冷冻后活率和受精能力。自由基是细胞内正常代谢产生的,生物体内含有天然的抗氧化剂(自由基清除剂)以中和自由基的毒副作用。正是在这些抗氧化剂的调节下,体内自由基的产生和消除处于一种动态平衡中。但是,在常规的猪精液冷冻稀释液中上述抗氧化剂的水平低于体内水平,并且在精子冷冻前的稀释平衡过程中,不可避免地暴露于空气,而空气中的氧气浓度高于生殖道内氧气浓度(20%VS.7%),加上体外操作时光线和稀释液中金属离子的影响,使得冷冻时精子内自由基水平增加,打破了氧化-抗氧化的平衡状态,导致精子氧化应激损伤。因此,筛选新的冷冻保护剂以提高冷冻后精子活率已成为猪精液冷冻研究领域的热点。
谷胱甘肽是蛋氨酸、甘氨酸和半胱氨酸组成的含有巯基的非蛋白三肽,具有较强的抗氧化作用,能够消除超氧阴离子和过氧化氢等自由基。它是组织细胞中主要的非蛋白巯基化合物,是谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶两种酶类的底物,为这两种酶分解过氧化氢所必需,能稳定含巯基的酶。对于谷胱甘肽的研究已有文献报道。CN100455592C、CN100503837C、CN1164737C、CN1325511C、CN1313597C、CN100360679C等多种专利申请公开了谷胱甘肽的制备方法。CN1185008C、CN100435793C等多种专利公开了谷胱甘肽用作药物的用途。但到目前为止,尚未见有关谷胱甘肽用于家畜繁殖技术领域,特别是用于猪精液冷冻保存的报道。
(三)发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种可降低冷冻对精子的损伤、提高冷精活率的含谷胱甘肽的猪精液冷冻保存液及其使用方法。
本发明采用的技术方案是:
谷胱甘肽在制备猪精液冷冻保存液中的应用。具体的,所述的猪精液冷冻保存液以适用于猪精液冷冻保存的稀释液为基质,所述猪精液冷冻保存液中还含有2~6mg/mL的谷胱甘肽,5~11mg/mL的乳糖和10~30%(v/v)卵黄、5~10%(v/v)的甘油和0.5~2mg/mL的十二醇硫酸钠。一种含谷胱甘肽的猪精液冷冻保存液,所述的猪精液冷冻保存液以常规适用于猪精液冷冻保存的稀释液为基质,所述猪精液冷冻保存液中还含有2~6mg/mL的谷胱甘肽,5~11mg/mL的乳糖和10~30%(v/v)卵黄、5~10%(v/v)的甘油和0.5~2mg/mL的十二醇硫酸钠。
所述谷胱甘肽已有多种制取方法,属于已知工艺和成熟技术,并已有商品出售,较为成熟的生产厂家有美国Sigma-Aldrich公司、陕西融升生物科技有限公司、重庆药友制药有限责任公司、湖州朗深系生物技术有限公司等。本发明中所用谷胱甘肽由美国Sigma-Aldrich公司提供,纯度为98%。
具体的,所述猪精液冷冻保存液每1000mL组成如下:
谷胱甘肽 2~6g
乳糖 50~110g
卵黄 100~300mL
甘油 50~100mL
十二醇硫酸钠 5~20g
适用于猪精液冷冻保存的稀释液补足至1000mL。
所述适用于猪精液冷冻保存的稀释液为常规用于猪精液冷冻保存的稀释液,如BTS稀释液、韩国产的SeminarkTM稀释液等。优选的,所述适用于猪精液冷冻保存的稀释液为BTS稀释液(Beltsville thawingsolution),每1000mL按如下配方配制:葡萄糖37g、柠檬酸钠6g、氯化钾0.75g、碳酸氢钠1.25g、乙二胺四醋酸1.25g、青霉素100000单位,链霉素100mg,去离子水补足至1000mL。
优选的,所述猪精液冷冻保存液每1000mL组成如下:
谷胱甘肽 4g
乳糖 80g
卵黄 200mL
甘油 80mL
十二醇硫酸钠 5g
BTS稀释液补足至1000mL。
本发明还涉及一种应用所述含谷胱甘肽的猪精液冷冻保存液进行猪精液冷冻保存的方法,所述方法包括:
(1)将新鲜采取的猪精液用等温的BTS稀释液稀释一倍;
(2)在15℃条件下静置(平衡)2小时,1000转离心10分钟;
(3)离心后去除上清液,沉淀用含谷胱甘肽的猪精液冷冻稀释液稀释(不含甘油和十二醇硫酸钠),使精子密度为2×109个/mL,稀释后的精液在5℃条件下静置(平衡)2小时后,再用5℃下保存的含谷胱甘肽的猪精液冷冻保存液稀释一倍,使精子的最终密度为1×109个/mL,得到稀释后的精液;
所述猪精液冷冻稀释液每1000mL组成如下:
谷胱甘肽 2~6g
乳糖 50~110g
卵黄 100~300mL
BTS稀释液补足至1000mL;
所述猪精液冷冻保存液每1000mL组成如下:
谷胱甘肽 2~6g
乳糖 50~110g
卵黄 100~300mL
甘油 50~100mL
十二醇硫酸钠 5~20g
BTS稀释液补足至1000mL;
(4)将冷冻稀释后的精液装入常规冷冻管,置于液氮面上3厘米,
熏蒸5分钟后,直接投入液氮中,冷冻保存备用。
本发明猪精液冷冻保存液,是根据猪精液冷冻保存过程中抗氧化、抗自由基的需要,结合谷胱甘肽的生物学功能研制而成。谷胱甘肽具有较强的抗氧化作用,能够消除超氧阴离子和过氧化氢等自由基。它是组织细胞中主要的非蛋白巯基化合物,是谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶两种酶类的底物,为这两种酶分解过氧化氢所必需,能稳定含巯基的酶。因此谷胱甘肽应用于猪精液冷冻保存,可以有效地去除冷冻过程中产生的多余自由基,解决了目前猪精液冷冻保存存活率低的问题。其经济成本较低,便于在生产中推广应用。
(四)具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步描述,但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此:
实施例1:制备含谷胱甘肽的猪精液冷冻保存液和冷冻稀释液
含谷胱甘肽的猪精液冷冻保存液制备:
准确称取谷胱甘肽400mg,先用50mL的BTS稀释液(每1000mL按如下配方配制:葡萄糖37g、柠檬酸钠6g、氯化钾0.75g、碳酸氢钠1.25g、乙二胺四醋酸1.25g、青霉素100000单位,链霉素100mg,去离子水补足至1000mL)溶解,然后向稀释液中加入8g乳糖、20mL的卵黄(从鸡蛋中抽取得到)、8mL甘油和0.5g的十二醇硫酸钠,再加入BTS稀释液至100mL,再次搅拌混匀。用0.22μM的微滤膜抽滤消毒后,在5℃下贮存,备用。
含谷胱甘肽的猪精液冷冻稀释液制备:
准确称取谷胱甘肽400mg,先用50mL的BTS稀释液溶解,然后向稀释液中加入8g乳糖和20mL的卵黄,再加入BTS稀释液至100mL,再次搅拌混匀。用0.22μM的微滤膜抽滤消毒后,在5℃下贮存,备用。
实施例2:含谷胱甘肽的猪精液冷冻保存液用于大约克猪精液冷冻保存
选择繁殖力高、体格健壮的大约克种公猪,采用手握法采精。收集精子丰富部分,经4层灭菌纱布过滤去除胶体后,立即测精液量,并检查精子活率,收集精子活率在75%以上的精液约50mL,用等温的BTS稀释液稀释一倍。在15℃条件下静置平衡2小时,然后1000转离心10分钟。
精液离心后去除精清,精子沉淀用含谷胱甘肽的猪精液冷冻稀释液(实施例1)稀释,该稀释液是不含甘油和十二醇硫酸钠的本发明冷冻保存液,因为甘油低温条件下对精子有毒副作用,加入甘油后精子要马上冷冻不能低温静置。使精子密度为2×109个/mL。稀释后的精液在5℃条件下静置平衡2小时。再用猪精液冷冻保存液(实施例1)稀释一倍,使精子的最终密度为1×109个/mL。对照组精液用不含谷胱甘肽的冷冻保存液(BTS稀释液)稀释,然后将试验组和对照组精液装入0.25mL常规冷冻管中,置于液氮面上3厘米,熏蒸5分钟后,直接投入液氮中长期保存。
实施例3:大约克猪冻精解冻
为了检测本发明专利的实施效果,大约克猪精液依次按照实施例1、实施例2方法处理后,分别将装有冻精的试验组和对照组冷冻管置于37℃水浴锅中10秒解冻,显微镜下检测精力活率,其中对照组冻精解冻后活率为30.2%,试验组冷冻管中冻精解冻后精子活率为36.7%,比对照组提高6.5%,统计分析表明两者差异显著。结果证实,含谷胱甘肽的猪精液冷冻保存液冷冻保存大约克猪精液可有效提高冷精解冻后的存活率。
Claims (4)
1.一种含谷胱甘肽的猪精液冷冻保存液,其特征在于所述的猪精液冷冻保存液以适用于猪精液冷冻保存的稀释液为基质,所述猪精液冷冻保存液中还含有2~6mg/mL的谷胱甘肽,5~11mg/mL的乳糖和10~30%卵黄、5~10%的甘油和0.5~2mg/mL的十二醇硫酸钠。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的猪精液冷冻保存液,其特征在于所述适用于猪精液冷冻保存的稀释液为BTS稀释液。
4.如权利要求1所述的猪精液冷冻保存液,其特征在于所述猪精液冷冻保存液每1000mL组成如下:
BTS稀释液补足至1000mL。
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