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CN101493122B - 用于减小传动泵的流体损失的密封组件及扭矩转换器组件 - Google Patents

用于减小传动泵的流体损失的密封组件及扭矩转换器组件 Download PDF

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CN101493122B
CN101493122B CN2008101091214A CN200810109121A CN101493122B CN 101493122 B CN101493122 B CN 101493122B CN 2008101091214 A CN2008101091214 A CN 2008101091214A CN 200810109121 A CN200810109121 A CN 200810109121A CN 101493122 B CN101493122 B CN 101493122B
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torque converter
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CN101493122A (zh
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R·F·奥伦泽克
S·A·科伦曼
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3204Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip
    • F16J15/3232Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip having two or more lips
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01CROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C19/00Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C19/005Structure and composition of sealing elements such as sealing strips, sealing rings and the like; Coating of these elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0003Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C15/0034Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston machines or pumps for other than the working fluid, i.e. the sealing arrangements are not between working chambers of the machine
    • F04C15/0038Shaft sealings specially adapted for rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0434Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating relating to lubrication supply, e.g. pumps ; Pressure control
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3248Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings provided with casings or supports
    • F16J15/3252Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings provided with casings or supports with rigid casings or supports
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/54Other sealings for rotating shafts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/10Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of internal-axis type with the outer member having more teeth or tooth-equivalents, e.g. rollers, than the inner member
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H41/00Rotary fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type
    • F16H41/24Details

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details And Applications Of Rotary Liquid Pumps (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Sealing With Elastic Sealing Lips (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于减小传动泵的流体损失的密封组件,其方式是控制流过扭矩转换器轮毂套筒的流体,以便满足套筒润滑需要,而不减小泵压力,同时还减小摩擦损失。密封组件包括适用于安装在泵主体构件和扭矩转换器轮毂之间的刚性承载件。弹性体凸缘从刚性承载件延伸。接触层连接在弹性体凸缘上。接触层与弹性体凸缘形成整体并其硬度大于弹性体凸缘,因此减小摩擦损失。

Description

用于减小传动泵的流体损失的密封组件及扭矩转换器组件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于传动泵的密封组件及一种扭矩转换器组件。 
背景技术
液压传动泵通常通过连接到扭矩转换器上的轮毂驱动,扭矩转换器继而通过发动机输出驱动。套筒定位在扭矩转换器轮毂和泵的固定主体构件之间,使得扭矩转换器轮毂相对转动。传动泵提供压力流体以便满足传动传动装置的冷却、润滑以及离合器施加压力的需要。由于泄漏而造成泵压力的损失减小了传动效率。通常设置泵密封件来保持泵压力。套筒必须被润滑,使得某些压力流体经由套筒和扭矩转换器轮毂之间的间隙引导。密封组件通常设置在套筒的与泵相对的侧部,以便防止传动装置外部的传动流体泄漏。 
发明内容
提供改进的密封组件,该密封组件通过控制流过扭矩转换器轮毂套筒的流体来减小传动泵压力的损失,以便满足套筒的润滑要求,而不使得过多流体流动,这种过多的流体流动不需要地减小了泵压力,同时还减小摩擦损失并且减小组装时间和误差。密封组件包括适用于安装在泵主体构件和扭矩转换器轮毂之间的刚性承载件。弹性体凸缘从刚性承载件延伸。接触层连接到弹性体凸缘上,并且构造成密封地接触扭矩转换器轮毂。接触层比弹性体凸缘硬,并且因此减小转动的扭矩转换器轮毂处的摩擦损失。注意到,弹性体凸缘和接触层通过覆盖模制、粘接或其它公知的方法与刚性承载件整体连接,并且在凸缘和刚性承载件之间没有摩擦损失。刚性承载件具有定位成与该间隙流体连通并设置尺寸以便控制(即减小)流体经由间隙从泵空腔流动以便减小泵压力损失的孔口。刚性承载件还具有使得流过孔口的流体返回储槽的通气开口。优选,例如另一弹性体凸缘或O形圈的密封构件可操作地连接到刚性承载件上,以便密封接触泵主体构件,因此在孔口的上游并在靠近套筒的刚性承载件的一侧上部分限定压力空腔。 
设置扭矩转换器组件,扭矩转换器组件包括扭矩转换器轮毂、泵、套筒和所述的密封组件。 
在与附图相结合时,本发明的所述特征和优点以及其它特征和优点容易从实施本发明的最佳模式的详细描述中得以明白。 
附图说明
图1是具有扭矩转换器组件和泵密封组件的传动装置的局部截面视图的示意图; 
图2是图1具有泵密封组件的传动装置的局部截面视图的示意图,泵密封组件具有带有接触层的弹性体凸缘、弹性体密封构件以及穿过承载构件的孔口;以及 
图3是用于图1的传动装置的可选择泵密封组件的局部截面视图的示意图,泵密封组件具有用于密封构件的O形圈以及图2的弹性体密封构件。 
具体实施方式
参考图1,传动装置10包括扭矩转换器组件12,具有通过发动机或其它动力源(未示出)驱动的转子14以及被连接以便如公知那样和转子14一起转动的扭矩转换器轮毂16。扭矩转换器轮毂16驱动地接合传动泵20的泵齿轮18,以便加压流体,流体从部分通过固定泵主体构件23限定的排放泵空腔22输送到传动装置10的不同部件,以便满足液压动力需要。空腔24主要从泵20内的油输送通道填充,将受控的供应压力提供给扭矩转换器离合器25,或者在扭矩转换器离合器25断开时,提供润滑流和压力。空腔24还可填充经过泵齿轮18泄漏的压力流体。套筒26压配合在泵主体构件23和扭矩转换器轮毂16之间,使得扭矩转换器轮毂16相对于泵主体构件23转动。泵盖27固定在泵主体构件23上,以便闭合泵18。如图2更清楚地看出,间隙28保持在扭矩转换器轮毂16和套筒26之间,使得套筒26润滑和冷却。间隙28延伸套筒26的轴向长度,并且使得压力流体从空腔24流到套筒26的另一端处的空腔30。 
参考图2,传动泵密封组件32靠近空腔30定位并且部分限定以及密封空腔30。密封组件32构造成安装在泵主体构件23之上,卡扣环31保持其轴向位置,并且最好嵌套在泵主体构件23内形成的凹口33内。密封组件32控制流过套筒26的流体,以便满足套筒润滑以及冷却需要,同时减小或消除过多流体流动和由于浪费的压力流体造成的相关的液压动力能量损失。特别是,密封组件32包括具有接触层36 的弹性体凸缘32、支承在刚性环形承载件42的第一承载构件40上的密封构件38、包括从承载件42的第二承载构件48和偏压构件49延伸的凸缘密封件46的凸缘密封组件44。通过控制流体从空腔30经过控制孔口50、经过第一承载构件40流到通过密封组件32限定的另一空腔52,流体经过多个周向隔开的通气开口54(示出一个),经过泵主体构件23内限定的通道56到流体储槽(未示出),传动泵密封组件32控制空腔30处的压力。如图1所示,通道56具有靠近密封组件32的周向部分以及将周向部分与储槽通气的径向部分。 
现在更加详细地描述密封组件32的每个部件的特性及其功能上的协作,以便减小泵压力损失,减小摩擦损失以及改善组装时间和可靠性。第一承载构件40和第二承载构件48最好是例如冲压钢或塑料的刚性材料。弹性体凸缘34、凸缘密封件46和密封构件38最好都是覆盖模制或者另外施加在或粘接在各自承载构件40、48上的橡胶的类似材料,如本领域公知那样。 
接触层36施加在弹性体凸缘34的径向外表面上,使其定位成与扭矩转换器轮毂16密封接触。接触层36具有比弹性体凸缘34更硬的材料,使得与转动扭矩转换器轮毂16的摩擦小于与扭矩转换器轮毂16直接接触的更加柔性的弹性体凸缘34。最好是,接触层36是聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)。用于接触层的优选的PTFE材料是15%填充玻璃,具有计示硬度98(A级)和13.8MPa的拉伸强度。另外,由于接触层36整体固定在凸缘34上,继而整体固定在第一承载构件40,在凸缘34、接触层36和第一承载构件40之间没有相对转动或摩擦损失。 
环形密封构件38可以是如图2所示的覆盖模制凸缘密封件。作为选择,密封构件可以是如图3的泵密封组件32A的实施例所示的环形O形圈38A。泵密封组件32A的其它部件与图2的凸缘密封组件相同。 
凸缘密封组件44包括最好是第二承载构件48上的覆盖模制橡胶的凸缘密封件46。偏压构件49最好是卡紧弹簧,卡紧弹簧在凸缘密封件46内部褶皱(tuck),并且径向向往偏压凸缘密封件46,与扭矩转换器轮毂16密封接触。 
为了组装密封组件32并使其安装在传动装置10内,凸缘34、凸缘密封件46和密封构件38首先模制在各自承载构件40、48上。接触层36接着通过任何公知的技术施加在凸缘34上。第一承载构件40接 着压配合在第二承载构件48上。偏压构件49在凸缘密封件46之下褶皱。组装的密封组件32因此是整体模块,与多个独立部件的密封组件相比,减小了安装在扭矩转换器轮毂16上的组装时间。 
组装的泵密封组件32接着压配合在泵主体构件23上,并且轴向定位,直到密封构件38靠近通道56接触泵主体构件23为止。最后,扭矩转换器轮毂16在密封组件32和套筒26上引导。由于接触层36相对硬,与扭矩转换器轮毂16在密封组件32上引导时凸缘34的弹性体材料直接接触扭矩转换器轮毂的情况相比,凸缘34损坏的机会较少。在扭矩转换器轮毂16滑动经过凸缘密封件46时,偏压构件49向内径向压缩,以形成间隙,同时保持足以使得凸缘密封件46密封接触扭矩转换器轮毂16的径向向外的力。 
一旦安装,泵密封组件32密封并限定腔室30以及密封腔室52。用于空腔30的唯一出口经过孔口50到密封腔室52。孔口50的尺寸和通气开口54的尺寸确定空腔30和密封空腔52内的稳定状态流体压力,并且控制流过其中的流体速度,因此,控制经过间隙28上游的流体的压力和流速。 
虽然详细描述了实施本发明的最佳模式,本领域普通技术人员将理解到可以在所附权利要求的范围内进行多种可选择的设计和实施本发明的实施例。 

Claims (12)

1.一种用于传动泵的密封组件,其中传动泵具有部分限定泵空腔的泵主体构件,所述泵主体构件可操作地连接至扭矩转换器轮毂以便与扭矩转换器轮毂一起转动,从而加压泵空腔内的流体,并且所述传动泵具有限定泵主体构件和扭矩转换器轮毂之间的间隙的套筒,使得套筒通过压力流体润滑,密封组件包括:
可定位在泵主体构件和扭矩转换器轮毂之间的刚性承载件;
从刚性承载件延伸的弹性体凸缘;
接触层,连接到弹性体凸缘上并构造成在刚性承载件定位在泵主体构件和扭矩转换器轮毂之间时,密封接触扭矩转换器轮毂,其中接触层比弹性体凸缘硬,以便减小扭矩转换器轮毂处的摩擦;
其中刚性承载件具有定位成在刚性承载件定位在泵主体构件和扭矩转换器轮毂之间时与间隙流体连通的孔口;并且其中孔口设置尺寸以便控制流体从泵空腔流过间隙,从而减小泵压力损失。
2.如权利要求1所述的密封组件,其特征在于,刚性承载件包括第一承载构件和第二承载构件,其中弹性体凸缘从第一承载构件延伸;并且还包括:
凸缘密封组件,包括:
覆盖模制的凸缘密封件,在离开弹性体凸缘一个轴向距离处从第二承载构件延伸;以及
偏压构件,保持凸缘密封件在离开弹性体凸缘一个轴向距离处与扭矩转换器轮毂密封接触,以便与刚性承载件和弹性体凸缘一起限定密封空腔,其中流过孔口的流体流入密封空腔;以及
其中第一承载构件限定通气开口,使得流体离开密封空腔。
3.如权利要求1所述的密封组件,其特征在于,接触层是聚四氟乙烯。
4.如权利要求1所述的密封组件,其特征在于,还包括:
密封构件,与刚性承载件可操作连接,并且定位成在刚性承载件通过凸缘密封件与扭矩转换器轮毂密封接触时密封接合泵主体构件,由此进一步控制流过间隙的流体。
5.如权利要求1所述的密封组件,其特征在于,接触层整体固定在凸缘上;以及其中凸缘整体固定在刚性承载件上。
6.一种密封组件,具有:
刚性环形承载件;
环形弹性体凸缘,固定在刚性环形承载件上,并具有第一硬度;
接触层,固定在弹性体凸缘的径向外表面上,并具有大于弹性体凸缘的第一硬度的第二硬度;
环形密封构件,从弹性体凸缘径向向内地与刚性环形承载件可操作连接;
其中刚性环形承载件具有定位在弹性体凸缘和环形密封构件之间的孔口,以便控制流体从刚性环形承载件的第一侧流到刚性环形承载件的相对第二侧,并且其中刚性环形承载件具有与孔口相对地靠近环形密封构件定位的通气孔,使得流到刚性环形承载件的第二侧的油排出;弹性体凸缘、环形密封构件和孔口和通气孔由此保持刚性环形承载件的第一侧上的流体压力。
7.如权利要求6所述的密封组件,其特征在于,环形密封构件是第二弹性体凸缘和O形圈中的一种。
8.一种用于传动装置的扭矩转换器组件,包括:
扭矩转换器轮毂;
泵,通过扭矩转换器轮毂驱动,以便将压力流体供应到传动装置,并且具有泵主体构件;
套筒,适用于安装在扭矩转换器轮毂和泵主体构件之间,以便转动支承扭矩转换器轮毂,并且设置尺寸,以便限定泵主体和套筒之间的间隙,使得套筒通过流过间隙的加压流体润滑;
刚性承载件,定位在泵主体构件和扭矩转换器轮毂之间;
弹性体凸缘,从刚性承载件延伸;
接触层,可操作地连接到弹性体凸缘上,并且构造成密封接触扭矩转换器轮毂,其中接触层的特征在于硬度大于弹性体凸缘的硬度,以便减小扭矩转换器轮毂处的摩擦;以及
其中刚性承载件具有与间隙流体连通的孔口,并且设置尺寸以便控制流体从泵经过间隙流动,从而减小泵压力损失。
9.如权利要求8所述的扭矩转换器组件,其特征在于,刚性承载件包括第一承载构件和第二承载构件,其中弹性体凸缘从第一承载构件延伸,并还包括:
凸缘密封组件,包括:
覆盖模制的凸缘密封件,在离开弹性体凸缘一个轴向距离处从第二承载构件延伸;以及
偏压构件,保持凸缘密封件在离开弹性体凸缘一个轴向距离处与扭矩转换器轮毂密封接触,以便与刚性承载件和弹性体凸缘一起限定密封空腔,其中流过孔口的流体流入密封空腔;以及
其中第一承载构件限定通气开口,使得流体离开密封空腔。
10.如权利要求8所述的扭矩转换器组件,其特征在于,接触层是聚四氟乙烯。
11.如权利要求8所述的扭矩转换器组件,其特征在于,还包括:
密封构件,与刚性承载件可操作连接,并且定位成在刚性承载件通过凸缘密封件与扭矩转换器轮毂密封接触时密封接合泵主体构件,由此进一步控制流过间隙的流体。
12.如权利要求8所述的扭矩转换器组件,其特征在于,接触层整体固定在凸缘上;以及其中凸缘整体固定在刚性承载件上。
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