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CN101411651B - 一种嵌套式结构的人体管腔内支架 - Google Patents

一种嵌套式结构的人体管腔内支架 Download PDF

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CN101411651B
CN101411651B CN 200710047122 CN200710047122A CN101411651B CN 101411651 B CN101411651 B CN 101411651B CN 200710047122 CN200710047122 CN 200710047122 CN 200710047122 A CN200710047122 A CN 200710047122A CN 101411651 B CN101411651 B CN 101411651B
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human body
body lumen
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internal support
carrying groove
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CN101411651A (zh
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谢志永
罗七一
李�雨
李建军
王常春
王森
郝霞
唐智荣
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Minimally invasive Shentong medical technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.
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Microport Medical Shanghai Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种嵌套式结构的人体管腔内支架，由若干支架杆相连构成，其特征在于，整个支架在压握时相邻支架杆之间相互嵌套。本发明通过对人体管腔内支架进行改进，使支架在压握时相邻的支架杆互相啮合嵌套，从而可以保证较小的压握直径，这样就可以使支架更容易到达和通过狭窄复杂的病变位置。与通常的平直波杆相比，此种嵌套式支架展开后，与病变血管接触的面积范围更广，有效的对狭窄血管起到良好的支撑作用。

Description

一种嵌套式结构的人体管腔内支架
技术领域
本发明属于微创医疗器械技术领域，具体涉及一种嵌套式结构的人体管腔内支架。
背景技术
近年来随着介入技术的不断普及和进步，PCI(经皮冠状动脉介入治疗)已经越来越广泛的应用于治疗冠状动脉粥样硬化引起的心脏病。该方法主要是通过在病变血管处植入一个可扩张的金属支架，以达到撑开狭窄血管的治疗目的。金属支架植入血管后，由于金属弹性模量等性质与血管不一致，很容易引起再狭窄，据报道植入后发生的再狭窄约为30％。
目前支架通常采用直杆设计，在和球囊压握后的轮廓直径较大，对于复杂病变的穿越能力较差。且直杆设计在撑开后，不能够接触更大的血管壁范围，有效的覆盖更多的斑块范围，增大了血管内再狭窄的几率。
此外现在也出现了一种药物涂层支架，其可以有效的降低再狭窄率。药物涂层支架一般由支架和其表面的药物涂层构成，利用支架金属杆外表面携带药物，可以获得药物在病变处的局部释放，从而在局部组织浓度高而全身浓度很低的情况下有效的抑制血管再狭窄的发生。但是由于支架金属杆的外表面的面积限制，载药量少，不能满足临床需要，针对此缺点，本发明设计了一种既可以穿越复杂病变，又能够携带大量药物的支架。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种嵌套式结构的人体管腔内支架，以克服现有支架存在的对于复杂病变穿越能力差、血管再狭窄几率大等缺陷。
本发明解决技术问题的技术方案如下：
一种嵌套式结构的人体管腔内支架，由若干支架杆相连构成，其特征在于，整个支架在压握时相邻支架杆之间相互嵌套，所述支架杆上设有凹凸交错排列的节段，相邻支架杆上的所述节段之间在压握时成啮合状相互嵌套。
一种嵌套式结构的人体管腔内支架，由若干支架杆相连构成，其特征在于，整个支架在压握时相邻支架杆之间相互嵌套，所述支架杆上设有节段，相邻支架杆上的节段成奇偶排列，节段宽度比相应的支架杆的基体宽度略大。
所说的相邻支架杆如图1中支架杆1和1’所示，1和1’即为两相邻支架杆。
由以上公开的技术方案可知，本发明通过对传统人体管腔内支架进行改进，使人体管腔内支架在压握时相邻的支架杆互相啮合嵌套，从而可以保证较小的压握直径，这样就可以使支架更容易到达和通过狭窄复杂的病变位置。与通常的平直波杆相比，此种嵌套式支架展开后，与病变血管接触的面积范围更广，有效的对狭窄血管起到良好的支撑作用。本发明进一步还提供了带有载药槽的嵌套式结构人体管腔内支架，使载药槽处于支架杆上受力影响不大和无应力的节段位置，确保了支架无结构强度上的损失。由于槽的表面积较大，可以装载更为大量的药物，且支架在扩张变形过程中，载药槽不会发生变形，从而不会造成药槽内药物的剥落脱离。载药槽设计摒弃了传统的聚合物基底结构，通过药槽作为药物的载体，药物释放完毕后，支架功能相当于目前的裸支架，这样就很好的解决了由于普通药物支架聚合物残留引起的内皮化延迟、晚期贴壁不良和炎症的副作用。
附图说明
图1是本发明人体管腔内支架的一个实施例局部平面展开结构示意图；
图2是图1中实施例压握状态下局部平面展开结构示意图；
图3是本发明人体管腔内支架的另一实施例局部平面展开结构示意图；
图4是图3中实施例压握状态下局部平面展开结构示意图；
图5是矩形凹槽实施例的横断面放大结构示意图；
图6是梯型凹槽实施例的横断面放大结构示意图；
图7是U形凹槽实施例的横断面放大结构示意图；
图8是V型凹槽实施例的横断面放大结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图进一步说明本发明的具体实施例。
如图1～4所示，本发明嵌套式结构的人体管腔内支架，由若干支架杆相连构成，整个支架在压握时相邻支架杆1之间相互嵌套。
所述支架杆1上设有凹凸交错排列的节段2，相邻支架杆1上的所述节段2之间在压握时成啮合状相互嵌套。
图1为本发明一个实施例，相邻支架杆上的相对应节段之间成凹凸状交错排列，即支架杆1上某一位置节段2’为凹陷，则相邻支架杆1’上相应位置处节段2”则为凸起。两相邻支架杆1、1’上的节段2’的凹陷和节段2”上的凸起成互补配置，从而才能使压握后，两个相邻的支架杆相互嵌套，如图2所示。
图3和图4为本发明另一个实施例，每个支架杆1上的两相邻节段2之间为凹陷段4，节段2宽度比相应的支架杆1基体宽度略大，相邻支架杆1间的节段2成奇偶排列。
进一步，所述支架杆上开有载药槽3，所述载药槽3分布于支架的外表面上，所述载药槽既可以是穿透性的，也可以是非穿透性的。所述载药槽3也可以分布于支架杆1的节段2上。
所述载药槽3可以为单一的盲孔或凹槽，也可以为盲孔和凹槽的组合。
载药槽3的外形可以是圆形、矩形、椭圆形、菱形等形状或其他不规则的形状，其以一定距离间隔分布于支架杆1上，载药槽3的数量可以是小于等于10个，优选配置为2～6个。
载药槽3的横截面形状可以是矩形(图5)、上边大下边小的梯形(图6)、U形(图7)和V形(图8)或其他不规则形状。其中载药槽3的宽度范围在0.021mm～0.085mm之间，优选宽度范围为0.030～0.070mm，最优宽度为0.060mm；深度在0.021～0.080mm之间，优选深度范围为0.021～0.055mm，最优的深度为0.035mm。所述每一个支架杆1上所有载药槽3的横截面面积占该支架杆1横截面总面积的10％～50％。其中为保证不影响支架杆1的强度和支撑力，每个支架杆1上全部载药槽3的横截面面积占该支架杆1横截面总面积的20％～40％为最佳，此时载药槽3宽应不小于0.05mm，载药槽3深不小于0.02mm。
本发明人体管腔内支架可以用金属或非金属制成，金属可采用生物相容性良好的钴基合金、不锈钢和镁合金等材料构成，在支架金属杆和连接杆外表面利用激光雕刻技术形成非穿透凹槽或孔，或者是穿透性槽或通孔。

Claims (18)

1.一种嵌套式结构的人体管腔内支架，由若干支架杆相连构成，其特征在于，整个支架在压握时相邻支架杆(1)之间相互嵌套，所述支架杆(1)上设有凹凸交错排列的节段(2)，相邻支架杆(1)上的所述节段之间在压握时成啮合状相互嵌套。
2.根据权利要求1所述的人体管腔内支架，其特征在于，所述支架杆上开有载药槽(3)，所述载药槽(3)分布于支架的外表面上，所述载药槽既可以是穿透性的，也可以是非穿透性的。
3.根据权利要求2所述的人体管腔内支架，其特征在于，所述载药槽(3)是圆形、矩形、椭圆形、菱形或其他不规则的形状。
4.根据权利要求2所述的人体管腔内支架，所述载药槽(3)间隔分布于支架杆(1)上，数量为小于等于10个。
5.根据权利要求2所述的人体管腔内支架，其特征在于，载药槽(3)的横载面形状为矩形、上边大下边小的梯形、U形、V形或其他不规则的形状。
6.根据权利要求2所述的人体管腔内支架，其特征在于，所述载药槽(3)的宽度为0.021mm～0.085mm。
7.根据权利要求2所述的人体管腔内支架，其特征在于，所述载药槽(3)的宽度范围为0.030～0.070mm。
8.根据权利要求2所述的人体管腔内支架，其特征在于，所述载药槽(3)的深度范围是0.021mm～0.080mm。
9.根据权利要求2所述的人体管腔内支架，其特征在于，所述每一个支架杆(1)上所有载药槽(3)的横截面面积占该支架杆(1)横截面总面积的10％～50％。
10.一种嵌套式结构的人体管腔内支架，由若干支架杆相连构成，其特征在于，整个支架在压握时相邻支架杆(1)之间相互嵌套，所述支架杆上设有节段(2)，相邻支架杆(1)上的节段(2)成奇偶排列，节段(2)宽度比相应的支架杆(1)的基体宽度略大。
11.根据权利要求10所述的人体管腔内支架，其特征在于，所述支架杆上开有载药槽(3)，所述载药槽(3)分布于支架的外表面上，所述载药槽既可以是穿透性的，也可以是非穿透性的。
12.根据权利要求11所述的人体管腔内支架，其特征在于，所述载药槽(3)是圆形、矩形、椭圆形、菱形或其他不规则的形状。
13.根据权利要求11所述的人体管腔内支架，所述载药槽(3)间隔分布于支架杆(1)上，数量为小于等于10个。
14.根据权利要求11所述的人体管腔内支架，其特征在于，载药槽(3)的横载面形状为矩形、上边大下边小的梯形、U形、V形或其他不规则的形状。
15.根据权利要求11所述的人体管腔内支架，其特征在于，所述载药槽(3)的宽度为0.021mm～0.085mm。
16.根据权利要求11所述的人体管腔内支架，其特征在于，所述载药槽(3)的宽度范围为0.030～0.070mm。
17.根据权利要求11所述的人体管腔内支架，其特征在于，所述载药槽(3)的深度范围是0.021mm～0.080mm。
18.根据权利要求11所述的人体管腔内支架，其特征在于，所述每一个支架杆(1)上所有载药槽(3)的横截面面积占该支架杆(1)横截面总面积的10％～50％。
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