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CN101406835B - Hydrogenation and dechlorination catalyst - Google Patents

Hydrogenation and dechlorination catalyst Download PDF

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CN101406835B
CN101406835B CN2008101824465A CN200810182446A CN101406835B CN 101406835 B CN101406835 B CN 101406835B CN 2008101824465 A CN2008101824465 A CN 2008101824465A CN 200810182446 A CN200810182446 A CN 200810182446A CN 101406835 B CN101406835 B CN 101406835B
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catalyst
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acid treatment
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CN101406835A (en
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张呈平
吕剑
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Jiangxi Bailian fluorine materials Co. Ltd.
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Xian Modern Chemistry Research Institute
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Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogenation-dechlorination catalyst, which aims to solve the problem that the prior hydrogenation-dechlorination catalyst is low in activity and selectivity. The compositions in weight percentage of the catalyst are: 0.5 to 5 percent of Pd, 0.05 to 0.5 percent of Y, 0.05 to 0.5 percent of B and the balance being activated carbon subjected to acid treatment, wherein the activated carbon is coconut shell carbon, and the Pd, the Y and the B exist as elements or element oxides. The Pd, the Y and the B are loaded on the activated carbon subjected to the acid treatment by use of an impregnation method, and then the catalyst is obtained through drying, roasting, activation and other steps. The catalyst has the advantages of high activity, good selectivity and long service life, and is mainly used for preparing corresponding hydrofluorocarbon taking fluorochlorohydrocarbon as a raw material under gas-phase reaction conditions.

Description

Hydrodechlorinating catalyst
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Hydrodechlorinating catalyst, especially relate to and be used for the Hydrodechlorinating catalyst that the vapor phase method hydrogenation-dechlorination prepares freon substitute hydrogen fluorohydrocarbon.
Background technology
The widely used cold-producing medium of tradition, for example dichlorodifluoromethane (be called for short CFC-12), monochlorodifluoromethane (being called for short CFC-22) wait CFC, because of destroying the material of earth sky atmosphere ozone layer, and are limited by a series of international treaties or ban use of.Its main substitute is some not chloride hydrogen fluorohydrocarbons, as difluoromethane (being called for short HFC-32), 1,1,1, and 2-HFC-134a (being called for short HFC-134a), pentafluoroethane (being called for short HFC-125).Above-mentioned hydrogen fluorohydrocarbon is made by the fluorochlorohydrocarbon hydrogenation-dechlorination usually.
At present, the Hydrodechlorinating catalyst of fluorochlorohydrocarbon palladium carbon catalyst normally.For example Chinese patent CN11356550 discloses a kind of palladium-carbon catalyst, for improving the service life of catalyst, has added the S element in this catalyst, but 250 ℃ of catalysis pentafluorochloroethanes are made pentafluoroethane, operation is after 310 hours continuously, and conversion ratio is 46.9%, and selectivity is 83.0%.This catalyst still exist active and selectivity low, and the deficiency of lacking service life.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is deficiency and the defective that overcomes the above-mentioned background technology, provide a kind of not only active high, selectivity is high, and the Hydrodechlorinating catalyst of long service life.
Design of the present invention: the present invention adds the B element in palladium-carbon catalyst, and the growing up of palladium crystal grain in the time of can hindering high temperature improved the stability of catalyst, effectively increases the service life of catalyst; The present invention adds Y element in palladium-carbon catalyst, can strengthen the absorption of halogenated alkane at catalyst surface, weaken the suction-operated of product HFCs at catalyst surface, thereby improve activity of such catalysts and selectivity, in addition, in the nitration mixture of boiling, active carbon is carried out acid treatment, adjust the structure of activated carbon surface functional group, can increase the micropore ratio of active carbon, thereby increase the specific area of active carbon.
The invention provides a kind of Hydrodechlorinating catalyst, the mass percent of this catalyst consists of Pd:0.5%-5%, Y:0.05%-0.5%, B:0.05%-0.5%, surplus: the active carbon of acid treatment, Pd, Y and B exist with element or element oxide, wherein active carbon is the coconut husk charcoal, and its specific area is greater than 600m 2/ g, this catalyst obtains by being prepared as follows method:
(1) active carbon is added in the nitration mixture of 0.1mol/L nitric acid and 0.3mol/L hydrochloric acid, boiled 4-10 hour, filter, wash to pH value of filtrate be 5-7, the gained active carbon obtained the active carbon of acid treatment at 120 ℃ of dry 2-10 hours;
(2) with soluble salt and the boric acid of Pd, Y, be dissolved in water, regulator solution pH value is 4-6, makes maceration extract, and wherein Pd, Y soluble salt are nitrate, acetate or chlorate;
(3) at bath temperature 50-90 ℃, under the condition of negative pressure, the maceration extract that obtains in the step (2) is dripped to the active carbon that step (1) step obtains, kept after dropwising 1-10 hour, get catalyst precursor;
(4) with the catalyst precursor that obtains in the step (3) under nitrogen protection; temperature 100-200 ℃ dry 2-10 hour; be warming up to then 250-350 ℃ of roasting 2-10 hour, again with nitrogen and hydrogen mol ratio be 4: 1 mist 200-300 ℃ the activation 2-20 hour, make catalyst.
Among the present invention, the mass percent preferred group of Hydrodechlorinating catalyst becomes Pd:2%, Y:0.3%, B:0.3%, surplus: the active carbon of acid treatment, Pd, Y and B exist with element or element oxide, and wherein active carbon is the coconut husk charcoal, and its specific area is greater than 600m 2/ g.
The preparation method of Hydrodechlorinating catalyst of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) active carbon is added in the nitration mixture of 0.1N nitric acid and 0.3N hydrochloric acid, boiled 4-10 hour, filter, wash to pH value of filtrate be 5-7, the gained active carbon obtained the active carbon of acid treatment at 120 ℃ of dry 2-10 hours;
(2) with soluble salt and the boric acid of Pd, Y, be dissolved in water, use 0.1M hydrochloric acid conditioning solution pH value to be 4-6, make maceration extract, wherein Pd, Y soluble salt are nitrate, acetate or chlorate;
(3) at bath temperature 50-90 ℃, under the condition of negative pressure, the maceration extract that obtains in the step (2) is dripped to the active carbon that step (1) step obtains, kept after dropwising 1-10 hour, get catalyst precursor;
(4) with the catalyst precursor that obtains in the step (3) under nitrogen protection; temperature 100-200 ℃ dry 2-10 hour; be warming up to then 250-350 ℃ of roasting 2-10 hour, again with nitrogen and hydrogen mol ratio be 4: 1 mist 200-300 ℃ the activation 2-20 hour, make catalyst.
Hydrodechlorinating catalyst of the present invention is used for that the CFC catalytic hydrogenation and dechlorination prepares serial HFCs under the gas phase condition.For example, dicholorodifluoromethane, five fluorine monochlorethanes, 1,1-two chloro-1,2,2,2-HFC-134a or 1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro monochlorethane catalytic hydrogenation and dechlorination respectively prepares HFC-32, HFC-125 or HFC-134a.
The present invention compared with prior art, have following advantage: Hydrodechlorinating catalyst of the present invention is used for the reaction of the synthetic HFCs of catalysis CFC hydrogenation-dechlorination, this catalyst moves 1000 hours continuously, its conversion ratio and selectivity still are more than 97%, not only activity is high, selectivity is high, and long service life.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail below by embodiment, but be not limited to given example.
The preparation acid treatment active carbon: with a certain amount of 4-8 order, specific surface greater than 600m 2The cocoanut active charcoal of/g boiled 4-10 hour with the nitration mixture of 0.1mol/L nitric acid and 0.3mol/L hydrochloric acid, filtered then, spent deionised water to pH5-7, and is standby in 120 ℃ of dry 2-10 hours.
Embodiment 1
Mass percent by catalyst consists of Pd:2%; Y:0.3%; B:0.3%; Surplus: the active carbon of acid treatment is implemented.
Configuration maceration extract: take by weighing Pd (NO 3) 24.446 gram, Y (NO 3) 36H 2O 1.327 grams, B (OH) 31.762 gram is dissolved in the 150ml deionized water, uses 0.1M watery hydrochloric acid regulator solution pH value to be 4-6, makes maceration extract.
The active carbons that take by weighing 100 gram acid treatments add in the rotary evaporator, and bath temperature 50-90 ℃, rotary speed 40-400 commentaries on classics/min, negative pressure slowly splashes into maceration extract from the dnockout mouth of rotary evaporator to absorbent charcoal carrier, distills simultaneously to remove H 2O kept after dropwising 2 hours, obtained catalyst precursor.This catalyst precursor is added reactor, at N 2100-200 ℃ of drying is 4 hours in the atmosphere, again at N 2250-350 ℃ of roasting is 4 hours in the atmosphere, then at N 2And H 2Mol ratio is 200-300 ℃ of activation 10 hours in 4: 1 the mist, makes catalyst, and Pd, Y and B exist with element or element oxide.
Embodiment 2
Mass percent by catalyst consists of Pd:0.5%; Y:0.5%; B:0.5%; Surplus: the active carbon of acid treatment is implemented, and catalyst preparation process is substantially the same manner as Example 1.
Embodiment 3
Mass percent by catalyst consists of Pd:1%; Y:0.4%; B:0.4%; Surplus: the active carbon of acid treatment is implemented, and catalyst preparation process is substantially the same manner as Example 1.
Embodiment 4
Mass percent by catalyst consists of Pd:5%; Y:0.05%; B:0.05%; Surplus: the active carbon of acid treatment is implemented, and catalyst preparation process is substantially the same manner as Example 1.
Embodiment 5
Mass percent by catalyst consists of Pd:2%; Y:0.3%; B:0.3%; Surplus: the active carbon of acid treatment is implemented, and adopts PdCl 2, YCl 36H 2O and B (OH) 3The preparation maceration extract.
The active carbon that takes by weighing 100 gram acid treatments adds and has in dropping funel and the churned mechanically there-necked flask, bath temperature 50-90 ℃, under negative pressure and stirring condition, slowly splash into maceration extract from dropping funel to absorbent charcoal carrier, kept after dropwising 2 hours, obtain catalyst precursor, condition of negative pressure can be realized by water circulating pump or oil pump.This catalyst precursor is added reactor, at N 2100-200 ℃ of drying is 4 hours in the atmosphere, again at N 2250-350 ℃ of roasting is 4 hours in the atmosphere, then at N 2And H 2Mol ratio is 200-300 ℃ of activation 10 hours in 4: 1 the mist, makes catalyst, and Pd, Y and B exist with element or element oxide.
Embodiment 6
Mass percent by catalyst consists of Pd:2%; Y:0.3%; B:0.3%; Surplus: the active carbon of acid treatment is implemented, and adopts Pd (CH 3COO) 2, Y (CH 3COO) 34H 2O, B (OH) 3The preparation maceration extract.Catalyst preparation process is substantially the same manner as Example 5.
Application examples 1
With the catalyst 40ml of the embodiment 1 preparation internal diameter 2cm that packs into, in the reaction tube of the SUS316 system of long 60cm, be used for the reaction of following synthesizing series HFCs:
Figure GSB00000428913400041
Product is removed the laggard promoting the circulation of qi analysis of hplc of HCl and HF through washing and alkali cleaning, and the result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
Selectivity is meant the ratio of target product, refers to generate the selectivity summation of HCFC-124, HFC-134a for reaction (3), and other reactions are the simple target product selectivity.
Application examples 2
The catalyst of embodiment 2 preparation is used for the reaction of synthesizing series HFCs, and application conditions and application examples 1 are basic identical, and the result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
Figure GSB00000428913400051
Selectivity is meant the ratio of target product, refers to generate the selectivity summation of HCFC-124, HFC-134a for reaction (3), and other reactions are the simple target product selectivity.
Application examples 3
The catalyst of embodiment 3 preparation is used for the reaction of synthesizing series HFCs, and application conditions and application examples 1 are basic identical, and the result is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
Figure GSB00000428913400052
Selectivity is meant the ratio of target product, refers to generate the selectivity summation of HCFC-124, HFC-134a for reaction (3), and other reactions are the simple target product selectivity.
Application examples 4
The catalyst of embodiment 4 preparation is used for the reaction of synthesizing series HFCs, and application conditions and application examples 1 are basic identical, and the result is as shown in table 4.
Table 4
Figure GSB00000428913400061
Selectivity is meant the ratio of target product, refers to generate the selectivity summation of HCFC-124, HFC-134a for reaction (3), and other reactions are the simple target product selectivity.
Application examples 5
The catalyst of embodiment 5 preparation is used for the reaction of synthesizing series HFCs, and application conditions and application examples 1 are basic identical, and the result is as shown in table 5.
Table 5
Figure GSB00000428913400062
Selectivity is meant the ratio of target product, refers to generate the selectivity summation of HCFC-124, HFC-134a for reaction (3), and other reactions are the simple target product selectivity.
Application examples 6
The catalyst of embodiment 6 preparation is used for the reaction of synthesizing series HFCs, and application conditions and application examples 1 are basic identical, and the result is as shown in table 6.
Table 6
Figure GSB00000428913400071
Selectivity is meant the ratio of target product, refers to generate the selectivity summation of HCFC-124, HFC-134a for reaction (3), and other reactions are the simple target product selectivity.

Claims (2)

1. Hydrodechlorinating catalyst, the mass percent that it is characterized in that this catalyst consists of Pd:0.5%-5%, Y:0.05%-0.5%, B:0.05%-0.5%, surplus: the active carbon of acid treatment, Pd, Y and B exist with element or element oxide, wherein active carbon is the coconut husk charcoal, and its specific area is greater than 600m 2/ g, this catalyst obtains by being prepared as follows method:
(1) active carbon is added in the nitration mixture of 0.1mol/L nitric acid and 0.3mol/L hydrochloric acid, boiled 4-10 hour, filter, wash to pH value of filtrate be 5-7, the gained active carbon obtained the active carbon of acid treatment at 120 ℃ of dry 2-10 hours;
(2) with Pd, Y soluble salt and boric acid, be dissolved in water, regulator solution pH value is 4-6, makes maceration extract, and wherein Pd, Y soluble salt are nitrate, acetate or chlorate;
(3) at bath temperature 50-90 ℃, under the condition of negative pressure, the maceration extract that obtains in the step (2) is dripped to the active carbon that step (1) obtains, kept after dropwising 1-10 hour, get catalyst precursor;
(4) with the catalyst precursor that obtains in the step (3) under nitrogen protection; temperature 100-200 ℃ dry 2-10 hour; be warming up to then 250-350 ℃ of roasting 2-10 hour, again with nitrogen and hydrogen mol ratio be 4: 1 mist 200-300 ℃ the activation 2-20 hour, make catalyst.
2. Hydrodechlorinating catalyst according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the mass percent of this catalyst consists of Pd:2%, Y:0.3%, B:0.3%, surplus: the active carbon of acid treatment, Pd, Y and B exist with element or element oxide.
CN2008101824465A 2008-12-08 2008-12-08 Hydrogenation and dechlorination catalyst Expired - Fee Related CN101406835B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101632931B (en) * 2009-08-14 2012-06-27 西安近代化学研究所 Hydrodechlorination catalyst
CN103418367B (en) * 2013-07-12 2015-10-28 西安近代化学研究所 A kind of catalyst and preparation method preparing Fluorine containing olefine for chlorofluoro-alkane
CN109513452B (en) * 2018-11-29 2019-10-18 东莞东阳光科研发有限公司 Film catalyst, its presoma and carrier and preparation method thereof
CN110327922A (en) * 2019-07-30 2019-10-15 苏州卡泰里环保能源有限公司 A kind of catalyst for catalytic combustion and preparation method thereof

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005019142A1 (en) * 2003-08-13 2005-03-03 Great Lakes Chemical Corporation Systems and methods for producing fluorocarbons
CN101007280A (en) * 2007-01-26 2007-08-01 南开大学 Preparation method of a novel hydrogenation and dechlorination catalyst

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005019142A1 (en) * 2003-08-13 2005-03-03 Great Lakes Chemical Corporation Systems and methods for producing fluorocarbons
CN101007280A (en) * 2007-01-26 2007-08-01 南开大学 Preparation method of a novel hydrogenation and dechlorination catalyst

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
冯雪涛,吕剑.负载型加氢脱氯合成HFCs催化剂的研究进展.《工业催化》.2003,第11卷(第8期),1-7. *

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