CN101383944A - Multi-user video ordering method and video ordering server realizing the method - Google Patents
Multi-user video ordering method and video ordering server realizing the method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a video-on-demand method in a wireless assess network. When a new user orders a program, if a server sends the program to another user through a unicast connection, the server builds a new unicast connection to send the part of the program that is sent through the prior user unicast connection; at the same time, the server builds a multicast connection to send the unsent part of the program to the two users; the prior user only receives the unsent part of the program to play, and the new user caches the content that is received through the multicast connection. If the server sends the program through the multicast connection, the processing process is similar to the situation except for the prior users who do not need to implement any action. When the unicast connection of the new user completes the transmission of the sent part of the part, the unicast connection is eliminated. Sources can be effectively utilized through merging a plurality of unicast connections or multicast connections with same requested content to provide better service quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to video request program, more specifically, relate to a kind of multi-user's VOD method and realize the ordering server of this method.
Background technology
In Radio Access Network, just becoming becomes more and more popular mobile data services (promptly flowing video request program, montage etc.), and they have brought considerable income for mobile operator.Therefore, people's expectation utilizes these finite wireless resources to obtain maximized income.On the other hand, stream video request program (VoD) means and allows portable terminal (MT) can at any time watch program.Usually, in case MT has been authorized to receive some VOD service, the user is given in WAP (wireless access point) (AP) or base station individually assigned with dedicated channel, and this will take independent Radio Resource (for example, time slot, subcarrier, CDMA sign indicating number resource).
For the information source of awfully hot door, for example most popular film, excellent sports tournament video recording, a plurality of users carry out identical video traffic request simultaneously, but watch program zero-time this may be in the very short time interval.For example, in same video on-demand system, user 1 is at film of 9 program requests in the morning, and user 2 is at the identical film of program request in 9: 03 morning, then user 3 in 9: 07 morning also program request this film.
In this case, according to prior art, the base station is according to the request of different user, and foundation is connected with each user's clean culture respectively.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 5, at moment t
1Place, user A are to ordering server request request program, and ordering server is set up and is connected with the clean culture of user A, and utilize this clean culture to connect to user A transmitting video-frequency flow.Afterwards, at time t
2The place, another new user is to ordering server request and t before
1The same program of user A program request constantly, then ordering server is set up with new user's clean culture and is connected, and utilizes this new clean culture to connect to new user's transmitting video-frequency flow.
That is, utilize many parts of dedicated bandwidths and server resource to be respectively these users service is provided, therefore, cause the network based different request time started to repeat to transmit identical program data stream, this utilization for bandwidth is very uneconomic undoubtedly.
If can find a kind of otherwise effective technique scheme to reduce at the resource consumption of these type services significantly and guarantee not reduce user's experience, this will all can bring tangible benefit for Virtual network operator and content supplier.In the present invention is open, with research how by ask the same program source but request constantly many different unicast streams be merged into the method that multicast flows and effectively utilize Limited resources, the professional number that the raising system can provide simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of multi-user's VOD method and use the ordering server of this method, can connect by merging to transmit identical content but have clean culture/multicast of different request time starteds, can support the transmission of multicast service effectively, thereby improve utilization ratio of wireless resources in the Radio Access Network.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of multi-user's VOD method, having comprised:
As second user during, if having connected by a clean culture, ordering server transmits this program, then to first user to ordering server request request program
Set up new clean culture at second user and connect, and utilize this new clean culture to connect transmission and utilize clean culture to connect the program part that has transmitted at first user;
Set up multicast and connect, described first user adds described multicast with second user and is connected, to transmit the part that described program does not transmit.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of multi-user's VOD method, having comprised:
As second user during, if having connected by a multicast, ordering server transmits this program, then to other a plurality of users to ordering server request request program
Set up new clean culture at second user and connect, and utilize this new clean culture to connect transmission and utilize multicast to connect the program part that has transmitted at described other a plurality of users;
Described second user adds described multicast and connects, to transmit the part that described program does not transmit.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of multi-user's ordering server, having comprised:
Input unit receives the Video-on-demand request from second user;
Controller, described controller is controlled, if transmit this program to first user so that ordering server has connected by a clean culture, then setting up new clean culture at second user connects, and utilizing this new clean culture to connect, the clean culture that the control output unit transmits at first user connects the program part that has transmitted; And setting up the multicast connection, described first user adds described multicast with second user and is connected, so that controller control output unit utilizes described multicast to connect and transmits the part that described program does not transmit.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of multi-user's ordering server, having comprised:
Input unit receives the video request program request from second user;
Controller, described controller is controlled, if transmit this program to other a plurality of users so that ordering server has connected by a multicast, then setting up new clean culture at second user connects, and utilizing this new clean culture to connect, the multicast that the control output unit transmits at other a plurality of users connects the program part that has transmitted; And described second user adds described multicast and connects, so that controller control output unit utilizes described multicast to connect and transmits the part that described program does not transmit.
This process of iteration in the request of a plurality of arrivals so that support large-scale unicast stream to be merged into the operation of multicast stream, has so just improved the scalability of this method.
Connect by many clean cultures that merge the request identical content, effectively utilize Radio Resource.By the multicast transmission in the enabled wireless access network, can also save the bandwidth resources of access network.Simultaneously, can support according to the present invention to have the opportunity that more long zero-time span arrives the merging of the clean culture connection of asking and improved the connection merging.
In addition, can use the high-transmission bit rate by high order modulation and encoding scheme because new clean culture connects, this has quickened the merging of multicast service.In addition, the method according to this invention is to not influence of user experience, and request does not postpone and visual quality decline.In addition, to base station and the not influence of WAC (Radio Access Controller) equipment, only use existing device.
Description of drawings
By below in conjunction with description of drawings the preferred embodiments of the present invention, will make above-mentioned and other purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage clearer, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the signaling diagram that carries out the method for video request program according to an embodiment of the invention in wireless access network;
Fig. 2 is the signaling diagram that carries out the method for video request program in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention in wireless access network;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of multi-user's VOD method principle according to the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the block diagram according to multi-user's ordering server of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of multi-user's video request program principle of prior art.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are elaborated, having omitted in the description process is unnecessary details and function for the present invention, obscures to prevent that the understanding of the present invention from causing.
VOD method in the Radio Access Network that the present invention proposes is attempted a plurality of clean cultures connections of same program are merged to a multicast connection.
Principle according to VOD method of the present invention is as follows:
When a new user passes through program of electronic program guides program request:
If a) ordering server does not also transmit this program, then set up a clean culture and connect and transmit this program.
B) if having connected by a clean culture, server transmits this program, then to another user
(1) connects to transmit and connect the program part that has sent out for new user sets up a new clean culture by existing subscriber's clean culture;
(2) setting up a multicast connects and transmits the part that this program does not transmit, two users will add this multicast and connect, the existing subscriber only receives the part that does not transmit the back and plays, and the content that new user's high-speed cache receives by this multicast (when it has been play when connecting the content of transmission by clean culture, then playback these by the content of high-speed cache).
C) if having connected by a multicast, server transmits this program, except the existing subscriber does not need to carry out any action, and processing procedure and situation b) similar.
D) after new user's clean culture connects the transmission of having finished the program part that is transmitted, remove this clean culture and connect, keep multicast and connect and transmit the residue programme content.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, clean culture/multicast of describing in detail in the video request program according to an embodiment of the invention connects merging process 100:
In step 101, user A is by browsing electronic program guides (EPG).Behind the program of having selected to see as user A, comprise the IP address of user A and be sent to the stream ordering server through the base station, so that subscribe to by the service request of order program identifier.Here, suppose this moment this base station the sub-district in only user A subscribed to this stream video frequency program.Here, do not get rid of use Radio Access Controller (WAC) and realize this function.
In step 102, ordering server learns that user A is first subscriber who watches this program, so decision provides a unicast tunnel to transmit content to user A.Ordering server is replied acknowledge message to user A, and described acknowledge message can comprise video server IP address.
In step 103, user A produces clean culture and connects and sets up request message, and this message is sent to base station (BS), and utilize existing connection set up process set up with the base station between clean culture be connected.Thus, after connection is set up process and finished, transmit, set up the clean culture connection at setting up the content that user A wishes.As shown in Figure 3, user A is shown t to the timetable that the video-on-demand service district sends request here
1For convenience of description, can will transmit a request to the clean culture connection of having set up the user and utilize this clean culture connection spent time of transmit flow data to ignore to server from the user.
In step 104, user A by the unicast tunnel set up from the ordering server received content.
In step 105, the moment t after the Δ t time interval
2, a new user sends the VoD service request to ordering server, and the identical program of watching with user A is watched in request.Yet this program has been play a period of time Δ t.
In step 106, ordering server is received the user's that makes a fresh start request, and learns that server sends to the current location of the video flowing of user A, and triggers the multi-broadcasting stream merging method that the present invention proposes.Here, ordering server can be provided with the merging moment of multicast stream after the request that receives the user that makes a fresh start, make existing subscriber and Xin user have time enough can add multicast group of received data.Can also be according to user's buffer memory capacity, transmit the transmission rate that the duration Δ t of video content and signaling time delay that multicast channel is set up in expectation are connected with clean culture to user A, determine the moment t that multicast is flowed that is merged into of stream-type video data flow by ordering server
3For example, if the user has bigger buffer memory capacity or radio signal quality can use transmission speed faster well, then merge t constantly
3Selection more flexible.For example, if a plurality of users ask same program in a very short time period, then can arrive one tolerable period of system of request by first buffer memory on server, batch processing is carried out in the request that this section received within the period then, to improve the retractility of system.
The affirmation response message that ordering server will have this server ip address sends to new user, transmits the identical content that has been sent to user A to new user with the beginning reserved resource.
In step 107, similar to step 102, new user sets up the new unicast tunnel with the base station, and utilizes the new unicast tunnel of being set up to receive from the video content (step 108) before the merging point that is positioned at multicast stream of ordering server.
Ordering server connects by this new clean culture and transmits video content to new user, up at moment t
4, will merge t constantly
3The content that before has been sent to user A all has been sent to new user.
When setting up unicast tunnel, ordering server also sends the multicast with multicast group address to user A and new user respectively and is connected the request of foundation, and the merging point that this multicast group IP address is used for being identified in the described multicast stream in the step 106 transmits the multicast group (step 109 and 110) of fresh content afterwards.
Then, in step 111 and 112, user A and new user produce IGMP (Internet igmpinternet) Join message respectively, and wherein Join message is used for notifying transmit leg to want to add which multicast group, comprises information such as multicast address in the message format.
Indicate to add this newly-built multicast group, the base station detects this message, prepare wireless air interface with server between set up multicast and be connected, thereby reception is with the fresh content that is transmitted.
Then, in step 113, the base station sends the request set up multicast service to ordering server, and notice by way of the router (not shown) discern this multicast group so that transmit.
Then,, utilize the multicast of prior art to set up process, set up the base station respectively and be connected with the multicast of new user and user A in step 114 and 115.
In step 116, merging t constantly
3, ordering server connects to new user and user A transmission fresh content by the multicast of having set up.That is, user A is at moment t
3Utilization before is connected the video flowing that receives from ordering server with the clean culture of base station, and at moment t
3Afterwards, will switch to multicast from original clean culture connection from the video flowing of ordering server connects.And remove user A and be connected with clean culture between the base station.
For new user, equally at moment t
3, utilize with the common multicast that adds of user A to be connected, (that is, ordering server should be at moment t to receive identical fresh content together with user A
3And the fresh content that receives in the buffering area stored content that transmits to user A afterwards).Simultaneously, utilize the clean culture of setting up in step 108 to connect, new user is received in and merges t constantly
3Be sent to the content of user A before.As mentioned above, arrived t constantly
4, will merge t constantly
3The content that before has been sent to user A all has been sent to new user, then removes new user and is connected with clean culture between the base station, and will connect the moment t that receives by multicast
3Content afterwards be connected the moment t that receives by clean culture
3Content before merges.Here, when merging, can come the recognition data bag to guarantee the orderly storage and the broadcast of video flowing by the bag sequence number.
New user and user A are usually from the buffering area play content, and clean culture is connected to the old content part that new user provides the front to be sent to user A, and multicast connects the new content part in transmission back.Therefore, having merged to a multicast after the merging point that divides the original unicast that is clipped to user A and new user to be connected data flow is connected.
Clean culture/multicast of describing in the video request program in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention below with reference to Fig. 2 and 3 is connected merging process 200.As shown in Figure 2, in step 201, ordering server transmits this program by a plurality of users (for example, user A and B) that a multicast connects in the sub-district.Similarly, at moment t
2Ordering server receives the user's that makes a fresh start request and learns that server sends to the current location (step 202) of the video flowing of user A and user B, in step 203, ordering server sends acknowledge message to new user, and acknowledge message comprises the IP address information that flows video server.In step 204, set up new user and be connected, and beginning transmits and identical video frequency program to user A and B transmission to new user with clean culture between the base station.Simultaneously, ordering server can be selected the merging moment t of stream-type video data
3Ordering server can be provided with the merging moment of multicast stream after the request that receives the user that makes a fresh start, make new user have time enough can add multicast group of received data.Also can be according to user's memory capacity, transmit the duration of video content and propagation delay time and transmission speed that multicast stream merges signaling determine to merge moment t to user A
3
In step 205, can t constantly will merged
3Connect the content be sent to user A and B by multicast is connected by a new clean culture of setting up in step 204 and is sent to new user and locates before.
Then, new user sets up the new unicast tunnel with the base station, and utilizes the new unicast tunnel of being set up to receive content from ordering server.
Equally, ordering server connects by this new clean culture and transmits video content to new user, up at moment t
4, will merge t constantly
3The content that before has been sent to user A all has been sent to new user.
In step 206, when setting up unicast tunnel, ordering server sends the multicast with multicast group address to new user and connects the request of foundation, and user A and user B have been included in this multicast group.This multicast group IP address is used for being identified in merging t constantly
3Transmit the multicast group of fresh content afterwards.Then, in step 207, new user produces IGMP Join message and joins this multicast group and this message is sent to the base station, be connected with the multicast of user B at user A so that ask aloft to add on the interface, thereby reception is with the fresh content that is transmitted.
Then,, utilize the multicast of prior art to set up process, set up the base station and be connected with the multicast of new user and user A, B in step 208.
Afterwards, merging t constantly
3, ordering server connects by the multicast of having set up and sends fresh content to new user and user A, B (that is, ordering server should be at moment t
3The content that transmits to user A afterwards) (step 209).New user utilizes with the multicast of the common adding of user A, B and is connected, and receives identical fresh content together with user A, B, and the fresh content that receives in the buffering area stored.Simultaneously, utilize the clean culture of above-mentioned foundation to connect, new user is received in and merges t constantly
3Be sent to the content of user A before.As mentioned above, arrived t constantly
4, will merge t constantly
3The content that before has been sent to user A all has been sent to new user, then removes new user and is connected with clean culture between the base station, and will connect the moment t that receives by multicast
3Content afterwards be connected the moment t that receives by clean culture
3Content before merges.Here, when merging, can come the recognition data bag by the bag sequence number.
The simplification configuration of the ordering server of the embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to Fig. 4.Be noted that for simplicity, only show the unit relevant among Fig. 4, and omitted description other unit with carrying out method of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 4, ordering server 30 according to the present invention comprises input unit 31, control unit 32 and output unit 33.Input unit 31 receives from user A and user's video-on-demand service request newly by the base station respectively, and these message are offered control unit 32.The message that control unit 32 response input units 31 provide is carried out as with reference to figure 1 described corresponding control procedure.
Specifically, input unit 31 receptions of ordering server are from the video request program request of user A.When ordering server learn user A be first when watching the subscriber of this program, decision provides a unicast tunnel to transmit content to user A.The control unit 32 of ordering server is replied acknowledge message by output unit 33 to user A, and described acknowledge message can comprise ordering server IP address.
When having set up user A and clean culture between the base station be connected, user A by the unicast tunnel set up from ordering server 30 received contents.
After a period of time, the input unit 31 of ordering server receives the user's that makes a fresh start VoD service request, and the identical program of watching with user A is watched in request.Controller 32 learns that server sends to the current location of video flowing of user A and the merging of selecting the stream-type video data constantly.Controller 32 is controlled, and sends to new user so that will have the affirmation response message of the IP address of ordering server.Similarly, new user sets up the new unicast tunnel with the base station, and utilizes the new unicast tunnel of being set up to receive the content part that is sent to user A from ordering server.
When setting up unicast tunnel, ordering server also sends multicast with multicast group address to user A with new user by output unit 33 respectively and is connected the request of foundation.Then, user A and new user produce IGMP Join message respectively and this message are sent to the base station, so that add this multicast group, thereby receive the fresh content that is transmitted.
Then, the multicast request that input unit 33 receives from the base station, controller 32 is controlled, so that utilize the multicast of prior art to set up process, sets up the base station respectively and is connected with the multicast of new user and user A.
Then, controller 32 is controlled, so that connect to new user and user A transmission fresh content by the multicast of having set up.The fresh content that new user receives in the buffering area stored.Therefore, this stylish user utilizes a clean culture to be received in the content that merging is sent to user's A constantly before, utilizes multicast to connect simultaneously and receives fresh content.
Here, after the transmission that the content before multicast stream merges point is connected by user A and user's clean culture was newly respectively finished, controller 32 was controlled, and connects so that remove these clean cultures respectively, business is switched to multicast connect.
On the other hand, if ordering server 30 by a plurality of users of multicast connection in the sub-district (for example, user A and B) transmit this program, similarly, when input unit 31 receives the user's that makes a fresh start request and learns that server sends to the current location of video flowing of user A and user B.Controller 32 can be controlled, to select the merging moment of stream-type video data.Here, can be by user's memory capacity, transmit the duration of video content and the merging moment that transmission speed is determined multicast stream to user A.
Can connect by a new clean culture by output unit 33 will have been delivered to user A before merging point old content and be sent to new user place.Then, the output unit 33 affirmation response message that will have an IP address of ordering server sends to new user.
Then, new user sets up the new unicast tunnel with the base station, and utilizes the new unicast tunnel of being set up to receive the content that had sent to user A before merging constantly from ordering server.
When setting up unicast tunnel, ordering server 30 sends the multicast with multicast group address by output unit 33 to new user and connects the request of foundation, and user A and user B have been included in this multicast group.The merging point that this multicast group IP address is used for being identified in multicast stream transmits the multicast group of fresh content afterwards.Then, new user is by sending IGMP Join message to the base station, and request adds the multicast group at user A and user B, thereby receives the fresh content that is transmitted.
Then, utilize the multicast of prior art to set up process, new user and base station connect and receive the multicast channel at user A, B place, and join the multicast group at user A, B place.
Afterwards, output unit 33 connects to new user and user A, B transmission fresh content by the multicast of having set up.The fresh content that new user receives in the buffering area stored.Therefore, this stylish user utilizes a clean culture to be received in the content that merging is sent to user's A and B constantly before, utilizes multicast to connect simultaneously and receives fresh content.The order of the packet of this two parts content is discerned by the sequence number of packet and is resequenced in buffering area.
Here, because the size of user's buffering area depends on tolerable request time interval and transmission rate, may need bigger buffering area to obtain the advantage of described multi-broadcasting stream merging method.Yet along with the development of memory technology has reduced the price of unit bandwidth, thereby memory capacity does not constitute key issue.
So far invention has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can carry out various other change, replacement and interpolations.Therefore, scope of the present invention should not be understood that to be limited to above-mentioned specific embodiment, and should be limited by claims.
Claims (10)
1. multi-user's VOD method comprises:
As second user during, if having connected by a clean culture, ordering server transmits this program, then to first user to ordering server request request program
Set up new clean culture at second user and connect, and utilize this new clean culture to connect transmission and utilize clean culture to connect the program part that has transmitted at first user;
Set up multicast and connect, described first user adds described multicast with second user and is connected, to transmit the part that described program does not transmit.
2. method according to claim 1 also comprises, after partly finishing by the described program that has transmitted of described new clean culture connection transmission, removes described new clean culture and connects.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein, when ordering server receives request program request from second user, two clean cultures that the current location that sends to first user's video flowing according to server selects to transmit described stream video data connect to merge becomes the moment that a multicast connects, and the affirmation response message that will have an IP address of ordering server sends to second user.
4. method according to claim 3, wherein, when ordering server is set up clean culture at second user when connecting, sending the multicast with multicast group address to first user and second user respectively is connected and sets up request message, be used to be identified in the described multicast group that transmits content constantly afterwards that merges
The multicast that described first user and second user response receives is connected sets up request message, produce IGMP Join multicast request, adding the multicast group, thus by air interface set up with the base station between multicast is connected so that transmit described merge constantly after the video on demand content of transmission.
5. multi-user's VOD method comprises:
As second user during, if having connected by a multicast, ordering server transmits this program, then to other a plurality of users to ordering server request request program
Set up new clean culture at second user and connect, and utilize this new clean culture to connect transmission and utilize multicast to connect the program part that has transmitted at described other a plurality of users;
Described second user adds described multicast and connects, to transmit the aft section that described program does not transmit.
6. method according to claim 5 also comprises, when connecting by described new clean culture with after having transmitted the described program part that has transmitted, removes described new clean culture and connects.
7. method according to claim 5, wherein, when ordering server receives request from second user's request program, select to flow the moment that is merged into multicast stream of video data according to the current location that server sends to described other a plurality of users' video flowing, and the affirmation response message that will have an IP address of ordering server sends to second user.
8. method according to claim 7, wherein, when ordering server is set up clean culture at second user when connecting, send multicast to second user and connect and set up request message with multicast group address, be used to be identified in the described multicast group that transmits content after merging constantly.
The multicast that described second user response receives connects sets up request message, produces IGMPJoin and asks, and to add the multicast group, connects thereby add described multicast by air interface, so that transmit the described video on demand content that transmits afterwards constantly that merges.
9. multi-user's ordering server comprises:
Input unit receives the Video-on-demand request from second user;
Controller, described controller is controlled, if transmit this program to first user so that ordering server has connected by a clean culture, then setting up new clean culture at second user connects, and utilizing this new clean culture to connect, the clean culture that the control output unit transmits at first user connects the program part that has transmitted; And setting up the multicast connection, described first user adds described multicast with second user and is connected, so that controller control output unit utilizes described multicast to connect and transmits the aft section that described program does not transmit.
10. multi-user's ordering server comprises:
Input unit receives the video request program request point from second user;
Controller, described controller is controlled, if transmit this program to other a plurality of users so that ordering server has connected by a multicast, then setting up new clean culture at second user connects, and utilizing this new clean culture to connect, the multicast that the control output unit transmits at other a plurality of users connects the program part that has transmitted; And described second user adds described multicast and connects, so that controller control output unit utilizes described multicast to connect and transmits the part that described program does not transmit.
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CN103826143A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2014-05-28 | 韩国电子通信研究院 | VoD (Video on Demand) service providing apparatus based on mixed use of multicast and unicast, and method thereof |
CN104105009A (en) * | 2014-08-05 | 2014-10-15 | 成都瑞博慧窗信息技术有限公司 | Digital multimedia broadcast control optimizing method |
CN107743274A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-02-27 | 华数传媒网络有限公司 | VOD method, device and electronic equipment |
CN109361925A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-02-19 | 浙江远算云计算有限公司 | A kind of video flowing accelerated method based on HEVC transcoding |
WO2021032095A1 (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2021-02-25 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data transmission method and device |
CN112423235A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2021-02-26 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data transmission method and equipment |
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