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CN101354454A - Anti-glare film, method for manufacturing the same, and display device using the same - Google Patents

Anti-glare film, method for manufacturing the same, and display device using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101354454A
CN101354454A CNA2008102103168A CN200810210316A CN101354454A CN 101354454 A CN101354454 A CN 101354454A CN A2008102103168 A CNA2008102103168 A CN A2008102103168A CN 200810210316 A CN200810210316 A CN 200810210316A CN 101354454 A CN101354454 A CN 101354454A
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China
Prior art keywords
intensity
dazzling film
angle
light
reflected light
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Granted
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CNA2008102103168A
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CN101354454B (en
Inventor
长浜勉
芳贺友美
渡边仁
松村伸一
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Sony Corp
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Sony Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
    • G02B5/021—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures
    • G02B5/0221—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures the surface having an irregular structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
    • B05D3/061—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation using U.V.
    • B05D3/065—After-treatment
    • B05D3/067—Curing or cross-linking the coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/0074—Production of other optical elements not provided for in B29D11/00009- B29D11/0073
    • B29D11/00788—Producing optical films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
    • G02B1/111—Anti-reflection coatings using layers comprising organic materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
    • G02B5/021—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures
    • G02B5/0226—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures having particles on the surface

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Optical Elements (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to anti-glare film, method for manufacturing the same, and display device using the same. An anti-glare film has a plurality of diffuser elements, and has specified optical properties. The ratio of I(alpha+1)/I(alpha) is more than 0.1 to 0.6, where I(alpha) is an intensity of a light reflected toward an arbitrary angle alpha of 10 DEG or less from a specular reflection direction of an incident light upon the surface at an angle of 5 DEG to 30 DEG from the surface normal, and I(alpha+1) is an intensity of a reflected light deviated from the arbitrary angle alpha by 1 DEG in a wide-angle direction. The gain of a light reflected in the direction at 20 DEG or more from the specular reflection direction of the incident light is 0.02 or less, in which the gain is obtained by normalizing a reflected light intensity using a specular reflection intensity of a standard diffuse plate as 1. The diffuser elements have an average space therebetween of 50 to 300 micrometers.

Description

The display device of anti-dazzling film and manufacture method thereof and this anti-dazzling film of use
Technical field
The present invention relates to the display device of anti-dazzling film and manufacture method thereof and this anti-dazzling film of use.Particularly, the present invention relates to be used for anti-dazzling film and manufacture method thereof such as display device surface such as LCD, plasma scope, electroluminescent display or cathode ray tube (CRT) displays, and the display device that uses this anti-dazzling film.
Background technology
In such as display devices such as LCD, plasma scope and CRT monitor, reflex time on from the surface of ambient light at display device of fluorescent illumination etc., the obvious variation of visibility.Therefore, adopted forming optical multilayer or low refractive index film on the display device surface with the method that reduces surface reflectivity or on display device surface, form anti-dazzling film so that the irreflexive method of ambient light, thereby made reflected image smudgy with micro concavo-convex surface.
Yet the use of multi-layer optical film has increased production cost, and does not obtain gratifying anti-dazzle performance.When using low refractive index film to suppress the increase of production cost, the gained surface has higher reflection coefficient, thereby the surface reflection problem of making us perplexing occurs.On the other hand, form surface and utilize diffuse reflection to make in the ambiguous method of reflection of display surface, can obtain the anti-dazzle performance with micro concavo-convex shape at the potpourri of introducing silica-filled thing, organic filling material etc.; Yet gonorrhoea (white muddiness) sense is strong, and especially when ambient light was strong, contrast descended, thereby makes the visibility variation.
In recent years, expectation suppresses the gonorrhoea sense and increase the surface treatment of contrast when suppressing the gonorrhoea sense, and has developed the method that some are used for this processing.For example, open in the 2002-365410 communique (after this being called " patent documentation 1 ") the spy, a kind of method of the anti-dazzling film that can not turn white when obtaining to stop surface reflection is disclosed, the catoptrical intensity that wherein departs from 20 ° in direct reflection direction be 0.2 or lower with respect to the anti-dazzling film surface normal along the ratio of the direct reflection intensity of the incident light of-10 ° of directions, and the half width at intensity of reflected light peak is 7 ° or bigger.
Open in the 2004-61853 communique (after this being called " patent documentation 2 ") the spy and to disclose a kind of anti-dazzling film, wherein become the specular reflectance of the incident light at 5 ° of angles to be substantially equal to depart from the reflectivity of the incident light direct reflection direction at 0.2 ° of angle of direct reflection with the anti-dazzling film surface normal.In addition, patent documentation 2 also discloses and a kind ofly has been used to obtain to have 1/1000 or the method for the anti-dazzling film of lower numerical value, wherein in same measurement, use the standard diffusing panel, by be on the relative anti-dazzling film 20 ° or more the incident light of wide-angle towards normal direction normalization intensity of reflected light, obtain described numerical value (after this, being used to be called " gain ") from the normalized reflection ray intensity of the catoptrical intensity of standard diffusing panel.
The spy opens the 2006-53371 communique and Te Kai 2004-240411 communique (after this being called " patent documentation 3 " and " patent documentation 4 ") has been described the method that obtains anti-dazzling film, in described anti-dazzling film for anti-dazzling film on incident angle be that 5 ° to 30 ° incident light regular reflection rate (regularreflectance) is 1% or lower, and relatively the direct reflection direction towards 30 ° or more the reflectivity of wide-angle and the ratio of specular reflectance are 0.001 or lower.
Summary of the invention
Yet, between anti-dazzle performance and the sense of inhibition gonorrhoea, exist and trade off, be difficult to design anti-dazzling film with described two kinds of performances, solution is perfect not enough.For example, the known anti-dazzling film of having found to have the concaveconvex shape surface of using silica-filled thing formation meets the diffusing characteristic diffuser of setting forth in the patent documentation 1, although intensity rate is 0.1 or lower, but this anti-dazzling film manifests strong gonorrhoea, half width be 7 ° or more hour anti-dazzling film can obtain the anti-dazzle performance.
The film that has near the surface state of direct reflection meets the diffusing characteristic diffuser described in the patent documentation 2, wherein specular reflectance is substantially equal to depart from the reflectivity of the incident light minute surface direction at 0.2 ° of angle of direct reflection, therefore, only be difficult to obtain the anti-dazzle performance by the technology described in the patent documentation 2.On the other hand, research by the inventor, although find to be difficult to gain that actual manufacturing makes the relative normal direction and be 1/1000 or lower anti-dazzling film,, also can reduce the gonorrhoea sense of this film satisfactorily at about 1/100 o'clock even be in the gain of relative normal direction.
For the diffusing characteristic diffuser of being set forth in patent documentation 3 and 4, find to have following situation: even anti-dazzling film has more smooth surface and big reflection, but this anti-dazzling film has still obtained 1% or littler regular reflection rate.In addition, find to stand low reflection and handle the anti-dazzling film that for example forms low-index layer from the teeth outwards and meet this diffusing characteristic diffuser, but the anti-dazzle performance is good inadequately.
In addition, as mentioned above, the anti-dazzling film that has the micro concavo-convex shape in the surface has the anti-dazzle performance, visually has the rough surface sense but the problem of its existence is this film.When the strong anti-dazzling film of rough surface sense was used for display device, the visibility of image reduced.
Therefore, be desirable to provide the display device of anti-dazzling film and manufacture method thereof and this anti-dazzling film of use, the advantage of described anti-dazzling film not only is to suppress the gonorrhoea sense when obtaining the anti-dazzle performance, also is to have the rough surface sense of reduction.
According to a first aspect of the invention, anti-dazzling film is provided, this anti-dazzling film is formed with a plurality of diffusions unit in its surface, wherein this anti-dazzling film has following optical property: (1) is greater than I (α+1)/I (α) ratio of 0.1 to 0.6, wherein I (α) on the surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit on it along the catoptrical intensity of the direction reflection that becomes 10 ° of following any angle with incident light direct reflection direction, described incident light becomes 5 ° to 30 ° angles with the surface normal direction, and I (α+1) is for to depart from 1 ° of any angle catoptrical intensity of (any angle adds 1 °) at large angle side, and (2) have 0.02 or littler gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with incident light direct reflection direction, and described gain obtains as 1 normalization intensity of reflected light by the direct reflection intensity of use standard diffusing panel.The mean gap that has 50 to 300 microns between the diffusion unit.
According to a second aspect of the invention, anti-dazzling film is provided, this anti-dazzle thin-membrane has a plurality of diffusions unit in its surface, wherein this anti-dazzling film has following optical property: (1) to becoming 5 ° of incident lights to 30 ° of angles with the surface normal direction on the surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit thereon, intensity of reflected light is that 1/100 place has 6.0 ° to 28.0 ° angle overall with on the intensity of reflected light peak; (2) have 0.02 or littler gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with incident light direct reflection direction, described gain obtains as 1 normalization intensity of reflected light by the direct reflection intensity of use standard diffusing panel.The mean gap that has 50 to 300 microns between the diffusion unit.
According to a third aspect of the invention we, anti-dazzling film is provided, this anti-dazzling film has a plurality of diffusions unit in its surface, wherein this anti-dazzling film has following optical property: (1) to becoming 5 ° of incident lights to 30 ° of angles with the surface normal direction on the surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit thereon, intensity of reflected light 1/1000 place has 10.0 ° to 45.0 ° angle overall with on the intensity of reflected light peak; (2) have 0.02 or littler gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with incident light direct reflection direction, described gain obtains as 1 normalization intensity of reflected light by the direct reflection intensity of use standard diffusing panel.The mean gap that has 50 to 300 microns between the diffusion unit.
According to a forth aspect of the invention, the method of making anti-dazzling film is provided, it comprises the steps: by shape transferred thereon method, sand-blast, laser beam machining, wet etch method or Benard cell forming method, in the surface of anti-dazzling film, form fine concaveconvex shape, thereby form a plurality of diffusions unit in its surface.This anti-dazzling film has following optical property: (1) is greater than I (α+1)/I (α) ratio of 0.1 to 0.6, wherein I (α) on the surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit on it along the catoptrical intensity of the direction reflection that becomes 10 ° of following any angle with the incident light first direct reflection direction, described incident light becomes 5 ° to 30 ° angles with the surface normal direction, and I (α+1) is for to depart from 1 ° of any angle catoptrical intensity of (any angle adds 1 °) at large angle side, and (2) have 0.02 or littler gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with incident light direct reflection direction, described gain obtains as 1 normalization intensity of reflected light by the direct reflection intensity of use standard diffusing panel, and has 50 to 300 microns mean gap between the wherein said diffusion unit.
According to a fifth aspect of the invention, the method of making anti-dazzling film is provided, it comprises the steps: by shape transferred thereon method, sand-blast, laser beam machining, wet etch method or Benard cell forming method, in the surface of anti-dazzling film, form fine concaveconvex shape, thereby form a plurality of diffusions unit in its surface.This anti-dazzling film has following optical property: (1) to becoming 5 ° of incident raies to 30 ° of angles with the surface normal direction on the surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit thereon, intensity of reflected light is that 1/100 place has 6.0 ° to 28.0 ° angle overall with on the intensity of reflected light peak; (2) have 0.02 or littler gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with incident light direct reflection direction, described gain obtains as 1 normalization intensity of reflected light by the direct reflection intensity of use standard diffusing panel, and wherein has 50 to 300 microns mean gap between the diffusion unit.
According to a sixth aspect of the invention, the method of making anti-dazzling film is provided, it comprises the steps: by shape transferred thereon method, sand-blast, laser beam machining, wet etch method or Benard cell forming method, in the surface of anti-dazzling film, form fine concaveconvex shape, thereby form a plurality of diffusions unit in its surface.This anti-dazzling film has following optical property: (1) to becoming 5 ° of incident lights to 30 ° of angles with the surface normal direction on the surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit thereon, intensity of reflected light is that 1/1000 place has 10.0 ° to 45.0 ° angle overall with on the intensity of reflected light peak; (2) have 0.02 or littler gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with incident light direct reflection direction, described gain obtains as 1 normalization by the direct reflection intensity of use standard diffusing panel, and wherein has 50 to 300 microns mean gap between the diffusion unit.
According to a seventh aspect of the invention, provide display device, this display device comprises: the display part that is used for display image; With the anti-dazzling film on the display surface that is formed on the display part.Anti-dazzling film has a plurality of diffusions unit in its surface, and have following optical property: (1) is greater than I (α+1)/I (α) ratio of 0.1 to 0.6, wherein I (α) on the surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit on it along the intensity of the reflection ray of the direction reflection that becomes 10 ° of following any angle with incident light direct reflection direction, described incident light becomes 5 ° to 30 ° angles with the surface normal direction, and I (α+1) is for to depart from the catoptrical intensity of 1 ° of any angle (any angle adds 1 °) at large angle side, and (2) have 0.02 or littler gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with incident light direct reflection direction, and described gain obtains as 1 normalization intensity of reflected light by the direct reflection intensity of use standard diffusing panel.The mean gap that has 50 to 300 microns between the diffusion unit.
According to an eighth aspect of the invention, provide display device, this display device comprises: the display part that is used for display image; With the anti-dazzling film on the display surface that is formed on the display part.This anti-dazzling film has a plurality of diffusions unit in its surface, and have following optical property: (1) to becoming 5 ° of incident lights to 30 ° of angles with the surface normal direction on the surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit thereon, intensity of reflected light is that 1/100 place has 6.0 ° to 28.0 ° angle overall with on the intensity of reflected light peak; (2) have 0.02 or littler gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with incident light direct reflection direction, described gain obtains as 1 normalization intensity of reflected light by the direct reflection intensity of use standard diffusing panel, and wherein has 50 to 300 microns mean gap between the diffusion unit.
According to a ninth aspect of the invention, display device is provided, this display device comprises the anti-dazzling film on display part that is used for display image and the display surface that is formed on the display part, wherein this anti-dazzling film has a plurality of diffusions unit in its surface and has following optical property: (1) to becoming 5 ° of incident lights to 30 ° of angles with the surface normal direction on the surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit thereon, intensity of reflected light is that 1/1000 place has 10.0 ° to 45.0 ° angle overall with on the intensity of reflected light peak; (2) have 0.02 or littler gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with incident light direct reflection direction, described gain obtains as 1 normalization intensity of reflected light by the direct reflection intensity of use standard diffusing panel, and wherein has 50 to 300 microns mean gap between the diffusion unit.
In each aspect in aspect the of the present invention the first, the 4th and the 7th, anti-dazzling film all can obtain the anti-dazzle performance, and described anti-dazzling film has along catoptrical at any angle intensity below 10 ° and the certain ratio that departs from the catoptrical intensity of arbitrarily angled 1 ° (any angle adds 1 °) at large angle side.Particularly, to become 5 ° of direct reflection directions on the surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit thereon with surface normal to the incident light at 30 ° of angles, I (α+1)/I (α) ratio is greater than 0.1 to 0.6, wherein I (α) is the catoptrical intensity along the direction reflection that becomes 10 ° of following any angle with the direct reflection direction, and I (α+1) is for to depart from the catoptrical intensity of 1 ° of any angle (any angle adds 1 °) at large angle side.Greater than 0.1 o'clock, can obtain the anti-dazzle performance at I (α+1)/I (α) ratio of intensity of reflected light, and be 0.6 or more hour, can suppress the gonorrhoea sense at I (α+1)/I (α) ratio.
Of the present invention second, the 5th and eight aspect in each aspect in, anti-dazzling film intensity of reflected light on the intensity of reflected light peak is that 1/100 place has specific angle overall with, described anti-dazzling film can obtain the anti-dazzle performance.Particularly, to become 5 ° to 30 ° incident light on the surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit thereon with surface normal, intensity of reflected light is that 1/100 place's angle overall with is 6.0 ° to 28.0 ° on the intensity of reflected light peak.Intensity of reflected light is that 1/100 place's angle overall with is 6.0 ° or when bigger on the intensity of reflected light peak, can obtain the anti-dazzle performance, and the angle overall with is 28.0 ° or more hour, can suppress the gonorrhoea sense.
In each aspect in aspect the of the present invention the 3rd, the 6th and the 9th, anti-dazzling film intensity of reflected light on the intensity of reflected light peak is that 1/1000 place has specific angle overall with, and described anti-dazzling film can obtain the anti-dazzle performance.Particularly, to become 5 ° to 30 ° incident light on the surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit thereon with surface normal, intensity of reflected light is that 1/1000 place's angle overall with is 10.0 ° to 45.0 ° on the intensity of reflected light peak.Intensity of reflected light is that 1/1000 place's angle overall with is 10.0 ° or when bigger on the intensity of reflected light peak, can obtain the anti-dazzle performance, and the angle overall with is 45.0 ° or more hour, can suppress the gonorrhoea sense.
In each aspect in aspect first to the 9th, when the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with the direct reflection direction has certain gain, can suppress the gonorrhoea sense on the anti-dazzle surface.Particularly, along become with the direct reflection direction 20 ° or more the gain of the light of the direction reflection of wide-angle be 0.02 or still less.
When between the diffusion unit of anti-dazzling film, having specific mean gap, can reduce surfaceness.When particularly, the mean gap between the diffusion unit is 50 to 300 μ m.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the amplification sectional view of structure example that shows the anti-dazzling film of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 A to 2E is the sectional view that shows the craft embodiment of the anti-dazzling film of making first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the amplification sectional view of structure that shows the anti-dazzling film of second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of measuring condition example of the diffusing characteristic diffuser of incident light on the display surface, and described incident light becomes 5 ° to 30 ° angles with the normal direction of the anti-dazzling film of second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 shows the example of diffusing characteristic diffuser of the anti-dazzling film of second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the amplification sectional view of structure example that shows the anti-dazzling film of third embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 A to 7E is the sectional view that shows the craft embodiment of the anti-dazzling film of making third embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is the view of structure example of liquid crystal display device that show to use the anti-dazzling film of third embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 show embodiment 1 and 2 and comparative example 2 in diffusing characteristic diffuser.
Figure 10 shows the diffusing characteristic diffuser in embodiment 3,6 and the comparative example 4.
Figure 11 is used to explain the relation between gonorrhoea degree that use black glass sheet is measured and the gonorrhoea degree that uses black acryl resin sheet measurement.
Embodiment
After this, embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.In following embodiment, part identical in the accompanying drawing is represented by identical mark.
(1) first embodiment
(1-1) structure of anti-dazzling film
Fig. 1 is the amplification sectional view of structure example that shows the anti-dazzling film of first embodiment of the invention.On the surface 14 of anti-dazzling film 1, form a plurality of projections as the diffusion unit, so that should have fine concaveconvex shape on the whole in the surface.The inventor has carried out extensive and deep research to the diffusing characteristic diffuser of anti-dazzling film 1.Found that the anti-dazzling film 1 with following specific diffusing characteristic diffuser can be realized excellent anti-dazzle performance and simultaneously to the inhibition of gonorrhoea sense, and has successfully obtained this anti-dazzling film.
For obtaining the anti-dazzle performance, need to reduce the absolute value of direct reflection intensity, but expect that more diffusing characteristic diffuser does not have significant change.Between the logarithm of people's visual sensitivity and light intensity, there is certain relation, therefore when the intensity logarithm significant change of diffusing characteristic diffuser, visually perceives the reflective edges of light source, make this surface not show the anti-dazzle performance.Therefore, I (α+1)/I (α) ratio that the anti-dazzling film 1 of first embodiment satisfies greater than 0.1 to 0.6, wherein I (α) is the intensity of reflected light that reflects along the direction that becomes 10 ° of following any angle with incident light direct reflection direction on the surface 14, described incident light becomes 5 ° to 30 ° angles with the normal on surface 14, and I (α+1) is the intensity of reflected light 1 ° of large angle side deviation angle α.If I (α+1)/I (α) ratio is not less than 0.1, then intensity acute variation and edge often are observed, thereby do not show the anti-dazzle performance.If I (α+1)/I (α) ratio is greater than 0.6, although obtained the anti-dazzle performance, gonorrhoea sense grow.
For becoming 5 ° of incident lights to the direction at 30 ° of angles along the normal direction with surface 14, intensity of reflected light is that 1/100 place's angle overall with is 6.0 ° to 28.0 ° on the intensity of reflected light peak, thereby obtains to be similar to the anti-dazzle performance of above-mentioned diffusing characteristic diffuser.If the angle overall with is not more than 6.0 °, then rapid variation of intensity and edge often are observed.If the angle overall with greater than 28.0 °, although obtained the anti-dazzle performance, the gonorrhoea sense occurs.
Similarly, become 5 ° of incident lights to 30 ° of angles for the normal direction with surface 14, intensity of reflected light is that 1/1000 place's angle overall with is 10.0 ° to 45.0 ° on the intensity of reflected light peak, thereby obtains to be similar to the anti-dazzle performance of above-mentioned diffusing characteristic diffuser.If the angle overall with is not more than 10.0 °, then rapid variation of intensity and edge often are observed.If the angle overall with greater than 45.0 °, although obtained the anti-dazzle performance, gonorrhoea occurred.
By using for example by OPTEC Co., the goniophotometer GP-1-3D that Ltd. makes and sells measures intensity of reflected light, determines the diffusing characteristic diffuser of anti-dazzling film 1.In the measurement, for the influence of eliminating backside reflection to determine the diffusing characteristic diffuser of anti-dazzling film 1 itself, black glass or black acryl resin sheet are bonded in the opposite on anti-dazzling film 1 surface 14 by cementing agent.
On the other hand, for the gonorrhoea sense, importantly become 10 ° or the reflectivity on the wide-angle more with the minute surface direction.This is because by reducing along the light component that becomes the direction diffusion of wide-angle with the direct reflection direction, reduced the gonorrhoea degree.Therefore, the anti-dazzling film 1 of first embodiment of the invention meets diffusing characteristic diffuser, thereby for becoming 5 ° of incident lights with the normal on surface 14 on the surface to 30 ° of angles, have 0.02 or still less gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with the direct reflection direction of this incident light, wherein said gain obtains as 1 normalization reflection ray intensity by the direct reflection intensity of use standard diffusing panel.Preferably, have 0.01 or still less gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with the direct reflection direction.Can have 0.25 or still less along the light of 10 ° or more wide-angle direction reflection, more preferably 0.08 or gain still less.Therefore, the gonorrhoea sense in the anti-dazzling film can be inhibited.The normalized intensity of reflected light of standardization diffuse reflector is used in the expression that gains, and gain is an intensity of reflected light value of using the regular reflection light intensity of barium sulphate standard diffusing panel measurement to obtain as 1 normalization in same measurement.
Anti-dazzling film 1 preferably has 5.0% or littler, more preferably has 3.0% or littler surperficial mist degree (surface haze).If surperficial mist degree is 5.0% or littler, then the gonorrhoea sense of anti-dazzling film 1 reduces, if surperficial mist degree is 3.0% or littler, then the gonorrhoea sense of anti-dazzling film 1 further reduces.The surface mist degree is the numerical value that obtains by the detection surface scattering, and surperficial mist degree is high more, and the gonorrhoea sense is serious more.On the other hand, internal haze (internal haze) there is not particular restriction.
For example, by under the measuring condition described in the JIS K7136, using haze meter HM-150 (make and sell) by MURAKAMI COLOR RESEARCH LABORATORY, to by mist degree be 1.0% or littler cementing agent be bonded in anti-dazzle photosphere 12 lip-deep anti-dazzling films 1 and measure, determine the internal haze that the application is used.According to the mode identical anti-dazzling film 1 is measured, determined surperficial mist degree, thereby obtain poor between institute's value and the internal haze with definite internal haze.
By on surface 14, forming the diffusion unit, obtain the optical property of anti-dazzling film 1 so that surface 14 has fine concaveconvex shape.By reducing the size of diffusion unit, can suppress because visual rough surface sense or screen dazzle (after this, the screen dazzle is commonly referred to " surperficial dazzle ") and the flicker that causes.
Visual rough surface sense is meant, when the uniform source reflection of light intensity leaves anti-dazzling film 1, by leave the reflection of a diffusion unit along different directions, observes the granular sense (perceived granularity) of brightness irregularities.Therefore, advantageously, reduce the gap between the diffusing member, make that with the optimal viewing of the image display device that uses anti-dazzling film 1 each diffusion unit can be separated from each other when observing.Particularly, in the diffusion unit by volume diffusion (volume diffusion) when limiting by reducing the mean gap between the diffusion unit, by reducing average peak-paddy gap Sm, can suppress the rough surface sense when perhaps limiting by surface diffusion in the diffusion unit.
Therefore, the anti-dazzling film 1 of first embodiment of the invention meets a plurality of characteristics, thus the mean gap between the diffusion unit promptly average peak-paddy gap the Sm on surface 14 be 300 μ m or littler, 220 μ m or littler more preferably.With regard to suitable control diffusing characteristic diffuser and prevent painted with regard to, the mean gap between the diffusion unit is that the average peak-paddy gap Sm on anti-dazzling film 1 surface 14 is preferably 2 μ m or bigger, with regard to the control performance of reality, is preferably 50 μ m or bigger.
Having the people who makes the people can differentiate the visual acuity V of white and black is determined by following formula the resolution d (dpi) that is placed on the target of locating apart from its D (cm):
d＝2.54×3438×V/D
By calculate finding, when viewing distance was 100 centimetres (cm), visual acuity was that 1.0 people's resolution is about 290 microns (μ m).Therefore, think that average peak-paddy gap Sm can suppress the rough surface sense when dropping in the above-mentioned scope.
According to roughness curve, determine the average peak-paddy gap Sm as the anti-dazzling film 1 of roughness parameter, described roughness curve is by for example being obtained as automatic miniature image measurement instrument measure surface roughness by the SURFCORDER ET4000A of Kosaka Laboratory Ltd. produce and market according to the use of the method described in the JIS B0601-1994.
On the other hand, surperficial dazzle is subjected in the anti-dazzling film 1 influence that concerns between the gap and pel spacing between the diffusion unit, therefore preferably controls described gap according to the pel spacing of employed image display device.When the gap was not less than pel spacing between the diffusion unit, the relative position relation between each diffusion unit was inconsistent, made to be taken as surperficial dazzle.Therefore, between the diffusion unit gap be image display device Pixel Dimensions 1/3 or littler, more preferably 1/4 or more hour, can avoid surperficial dazzle.
In the first embodiment, the anti-dazzling film 1 that has the micro concavo-convex shape in the surface for example is made of resin.Facilitate production, the resin that is used for anti-dazzling film 1 comprises ionizing radiation curable resin by for example ultraviolet radiation or electronic radiation solidifying, at least a by the thermosetting resin that is heating and curing.As ionizing radiation curable resin, can use such as acrylate resins such as urethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, polyester acrylate, polyalcohol acrylate, polyether acrylate or melamine acrylate.Performance for cured resin, with regard to obtaining the image permeability, particularly preferably be the resin that produces cured resin, perhaps with regard to obtaining anti-wound property with excellent light transmission, particularly preferably be the resin that produces cured resin, and can suitably select resin with high rigidity.Ionizing radiation curable resin is not limited to ultraviolet-curing resin, can use any ionizing radiation curable resin, as long as it has light transmission, but photochromic accent of preferred transmission or transmission light quantity be not with painted or mist degree and the ionizing radiation curable resin of significant change.
By Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater is introduced organic material, obtain photosensitive resin, this organic material can form such as resins such as monomer, oligomer or condensates.For example, by making the reaction of isocyanate-monomer or prepolymer and polyester polyol and making acrylate or methacrylate monomers and products therefrom reaction, obtain polyurethane acrylate resin with hydroxyl.
As Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater, for example can be used singly or in combination benzophenone derivates, acetophenone derivs, anthraquinone derivative etc.In photosensitive resin, can suitably select and introduce the composition that promotes film forming, for example acrylic resin.
In photosensitive resin, if desired, can add light stabilizer, UV absorbers, antistatic agent, fire retardant, antioxidant etc. in right amount.Can add silicon dioxide microparticle etc. as viscosity modifier.
(1-2) manufacture method of anti-dazzling film
With reference to figure 2A to 2E, the manufacture method of the anti-dazzling film 1 of first embodiment of the invention has been described.
(manufacturing process of master mold)
At first prepare the base material that to handle.Tabular, sheet, membranaceous and block that the example of base material shape comprises.The example that is used for the material of base material comprises plastics, metal and glass.Then, by the mask imaging method that uses KrF excimer laser for example, the pressing that uses molded pressing mold, patterning method, sand-blast, wet etch method etc., base material is handled, form fine concaveconvex shape with 14 patterned substrate surface, surface, thereby acquisition has the master mold 21 of the counter-rotating micro concavo-convex shape on surface 14 shown in Fig. 2 A corresponding to anti-dazzling film 1.The surface of master mold 21 has the micro concavo-convex shape, so that anti-dazzling film 1 can obtain aforesaid diffusive property, and has 300 μ m or littler, preferred 220 μ m or littler average peak-paddy empty gap Sm.
(manufacturing process of replicating master molds)
Then, by for example electroless coating method, form conducting film in shape at the micro concavo-convex of the master mold 21 of above acquisition.This conducting film is by the metal metal film that forms of nickel for example.Then, the master mold 21 that is formed with conducting film on it is placed electroforming apparatus, on conducting film, form the coat of metal such as nickel coating by for example electrochemical plating.Then, this coat of metal is deviate from from master mold 21, obtained shown in Fig. 2 B, having the replicating master molds 22 of the counter-rotating micro concavo-convex shape of master mold 21.
Then, the replicating master molds 22 of above gained is carried out surface treatment, subsequently, form the coat of metal such as nickel coating in shape at the micro concavo-convex of gained replicating master molds by for example electrochemical plating.Then, this coat of metal is deviate from from replicating master molds 22, obtained shown in Fig. 2 C, having the replicating master molds 23 of the micro concavo-convex shape identical with master mold 21.
When master mold is formed by the organism that is easy to damage etc. and makes submodule and Sun Moshi by master mold as mentioned above, even still can use submodule to make Sun Mo in a large number under the situation about when breaking away from master mold, master mold being damaged.On the other hand, when master mold is not easy to damage and can repeats to make submodule by master mold, master mold handled submodule can be used as transfer mold (transfer mold) so that it is with anti-dazzle photosphere is of similar shape and gained reverses.
(manufacturing process of anti-dazzling film)
Then, shown in Fig. 2 D, photosensitive resin such as ultraviolet-curing resin are injected the micro concavo-convex shape of the replicating master molds 23 of above gained, so that the thickness of photosensitive resin is even.Obtain the micro concavo-convex shape on surface 14 by shape transferred thereon, thereby need not in photosensitive resin, to add particulate, yet can in photosensitive resin, add the fine setting that particulate is used for mist degree or surface configuration.
Subsequently, by injecting the optical radiation such as the UV radiation of photosensitive resin side, make described resin solidification.Then, shown in Fig. 2 E, curing photosensitive resin is deviate from from replicating master molds 23.Thereby the anti-dazzling film that obtains having the micro concavo-convex shape, described micro concavo-convex are shaped as the mild ripple in the surface 14.
Anti-dazzling film 1 by the said process manufacturing has aforesaid specific diffusive property, thereby has suppressed the gonorrhoea sense when the anti-dazzle performance is provided.In addition, have specific gap between the diffusion unit that this anti-dazzling film forms in surface 14, thereby reduced the rough surface sense.Therefore, by this anti-dazzling film 1 is used for the demonstration that realizes good anti-dazzle photosensitiveness and good contrast simultaneously can being provided, thereby improving visibility such as display devices such as LCD, plasma scope, electroluminescent display or CRT monitor.
(2) second embodiments
(2-1) structure of anti-dazzling film
Fig. 3 is the amplification sectional view of structure example that shows the anti-dazzling film of second embodiment of the invention.Anti-dazzling film 1 comprises substrate 11, is formed on the anti-dazzle photosphere 12 with particulate 13 on the substrate 11.Particulate 13 forms a plurality of projections as the diffusion unit in anti-dazzle photosphere 12 surfaces.Thereby the surface of anti-dazzle photosphere 12 has fine concaveconvex shape on the whole.The inventor has carried out extensive and deep research to the diffusing characteristic diffuser of anti-dazzling film 1.Found that the anti-dazzling film 1 with following specific diffusing characteristic diffuser can obtain excellent anti-dazzle photosensitiveness and simultaneously to the inhibition of gonorrhoea sense, and has successfully obtained this anti-dazzling film.
For obtaining the anti-dazzle performance, need reduce regular reflection light intensity absolute value, but expect that more diffusing characteristic diffuser does not have significant change.There is certain relation between people's the visibility and the logarithm of light intensity, therefore as the intensity logarithm significant change of diffusing characteristic diffuser the time, can makes this surface not show anti-dazzle photosensitiveness from visually perceiving the reflective edges of light source the surface.Therefore, the anti-dazzling film 1 of second embodiment of the invention meets diffusing characteristic diffuser, thereby as shown in Figure 4 for anti-dazzle photosphere 12 surfaces go up along with 2 one-tenth 5 ° incident lights of surface normal to direction 3 incidents at 30 ° of angles, I (α+1)/I (α) ratio is greater than 0.1, wherein I (α) be along with the catoptrical intensity of direction 5 reflection of 4 one-tenth 10 ° of following any angle of direct reflection direction, and I (α+1) be the catoptrical intensity that reflects along the direction 6 of 1 ° of deviation angle α at large angle side.In this case, the variation of the logarithm of intensity of reflected light can be-1 or littler, so reflective edges is no longer clear, thereby obtains the anti-dazzle performance.On the other hand, when I (α+1)/I (α) ratio of intensity of reflected light increases, can obtain the anti-dazzle performance, but gonorrhoea sense grow.Therefore, the I of intensity of reflected light (α+1)/I (α) ratio is 0.6 or littler.
Relation when Fig. 5 demonstration is 0 ° for the incident light minute surface direction on the anti-dazzle laminar surface 12 between angle (α) and the intensity of reflected light I (α).The arrow indication is the angle overall with at 1/100 place in relative intensity of reflected light peak intensity of reflected light among the figure.The inventor finds, for anti-dazzle photosphere 12 surfaces go up along with 2 one-tenth 5 ° incident lights of surface normal to direction 3 incidents at 30 ° of angles, when relative intensity of reflected light peak intensity of reflected light is the angle overall with at 1/100 place when being 6.0 ° to 28.0 °, can obtain to be similar to the anti-dazzle photosensitiveness of above-mentioned specific diffusing characteristic diffuser.When described angle overall with during less than 6.0 °, Strength Changes is obvious, so that be easy to observe reflective edges.On the other hand, when angle overall with during, obtained the anti-dazzle performance, but the gonorrhoea sense occurred greater than 28.0 °.
Similarly, discovery for anti-dazzle photosphere 12 surfaces go up along with 2 one-tenth 5 ° incident lights of surface normal to direction 3 incidents at 30 ° of angles, when relative intensity of reflected light peak intensity of reflected light is the angle overall with at 1/1000 place when being 10.0 ° to 45.0 °, can obtain to be similar to the anti-dazzle photosensitiveness of above-mentioned specific diffusing characteristic diffuser.Can limit relative intensity of reflected light peak intensity of reflected light similarly is the angle overall with at 1/10 place, yet for intensity is about 1/10 o'clock angle, have gloss and have similar diffusing characteristic diffuser, and find only not obtain anti-dazzle photosensitiveness by limiting diffusing characteristic diffuser so that see the surface of reflection and the surface with suitable anti-dazzle photosensitiveness.
By using for example by OPTEC Co., the goniophotometer GP-1-3D of Ltd. produce and market measures intensity of reflected light, determines the diffusing characteristic diffuser of anti-dazzling film 1.In measurement, for the influence of eliminating backside reflection determining the diffusing characteristic diffuser of anti-dazzling film 1 itself, by cementing agent black glass or black acrylic sheet bonding are not formed thereon on the surface 14 of anti-dazzling film 1 of anti-dazzle photosphere 12.
On the other hand, for the gonorrhoea sense, importantly become 10 ° or the reflectivity at wide-angle place more with the direct reflection direction.This is because by reducing with the light component greater than the angle diffusion of direct reflection direction and surface normal angulation, can reduce the gonorrhoea degree.Therefore, in the anti-dazzling film 1 of first embodiment of the invention, for anti-dazzle photosphere 12 surfaces go up along with 2 one-tenth 5 ° incident lights of surface normal to direction 3 incidents at 30 ° of angles, meet following diffusing characteristic diffuser: have 0.02 or littler along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with the direct reflection direction, more preferably 0.01 or littler gain, the direct reflection light intensity that described gain utilizes the standard diffusing panel is as 1 and normalization, and advantageously have 0.25 or littler, more preferably 0.08 or littler gain along the light that becomes 10 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with the direct reflection direction.In this case, can suppress the gonorrhoea sense of anti-dazzle thin-membrane.The normalized intensity of reflected light of " gain " expression use standard diffusing panel that the application is used, in embodiments of the invention, gain is to use barium sulphate standard diffusing panel to measure with the regular reflection light intensity as 1 normalized intensity of reflected light value in same measurement.
Anti-dazzling film 1 preferably has 5.0% or littler, and more preferably 3.0% or littler surperficial mist degree.When surperficial mist degree is 5.0% or more hour, the gonorrhoea sense of anti-dazzling film reduces, when surperficial mist degree is 3.0% or more hour, the gonorrhoea sense of anti-dazzling film further reduces.The numerical value of surface mist degree for obtaining by the detection surface diffusion, surperficial mist degree is high more, and the gonorrhoea sense is serious more.On the other hand, internal haze there is not particular restriction, according to the definite internal haze such as particulate 13 grades that is included in the anti-dazzle photosphere 12.
In embodiments of the invention, for example under the measuring condition described in the JIS K7136, use haze meter HM-150 (by MURAKAMI COLOR RESEARCH LABORATORY produce and market), by to use mist degree be 1.0% or littler cementing agent be bonded in anti-dazzle photosphere 12 lip-deep anti-dazzling films 1 and measure, determine internal haze.By anti-dazzling film 1 being measured, determine surperficial mist degree, thereby obtain poor between institute's value and the internal haze according to the mode identical with definite internal haze.
By on anti-dazzle photosphere 12 surfaces, forming the diffusion unit, obtain this optical property of anti-dazzling film 1 so that the surface of anti-dazzle photosphere 12 has the micro concavo-convex shape.By reducing the size of diffusion unit, can suppress because rough surface sense or screen dazzle (after this, the screen dazzle is commonly referred to " surperficial dazzle ") and the flicker that causes.
The rough surface sense is meant, when the uniform source reflection of light intensity left anti-dazzling film 1, it was inhomogeneous to leave the surface brightness that the reflection of a diffusion unit causes along different directions.Therefore, advantageously, reduce the gap between the diffusion unit, thereby can be separated from each other with the optimal viewing of the image display device that uses anti-dazzling film 1 each diffusion unit when observing.Particularly, by reducing the mean gap between the diffusion unit, by reducing average peak-paddy gap Sm, can suppress the rough surface sense when perhaps limiting by surface diffusion when limiting by the volume diffusion in the diffusion unit in the diffusion unit.
Therefore, the anti-dazzling film 1 of second embodiment of the invention meets following characteristic: the mean gap between the diffusion unit is that the average peak-paddy gap Sm on anti-dazzle photosphere 12 surfaces is 300 μ m or littler, more preferably 220 μ m or littler.With regard to suitable control diffusing characteristic diffuser and avoid painted with regard to, the mean gap between the diffusion unit is that the average peak-paddy gap Sm on anti-dazzle photosphere 12 surfaces is preferably 2 μ m or bigger, with regard to the working control parameter, is preferably 50 μ m or bigger.
Having the people who makes the people can differentiate the visual acuity V of white and black is determined by following formula the resolution d (dpi) that is placed on the target of locating apart from its D (cm):
d＝2.54×3438×V/D
By calculate finding, be that 100 centimetres (cm) locate at viewing distance, visual acuity is that 1.0 people's resolution is about 290 microns (μ m).Therefore, think and to reduce the rough surface sense when dropping in the above-mentioned scope at average peak-paddy gap Sm.
According to roughness curve, determine the average peak-paddy gap Sm as the anti-dazzling film 1 of roughness parameter, described roughness curve is by for example being obtained as automatic miniature image measurement instrument measure surface roughness by the SURFCORDER ET4000A of Kosaka Laboratory Ltd. produce and market according to the use of the method described in the JIS B0601-1994.
On the other hand, surperficial dazzle is subjected in the anti-dazzling film 1 influence that concerns between the gap and pel spacing between the diffusion unit, therefore preferably controls described gap according to the pel spacing of used image display device.When the gap was not less than pel spacing between the diffusion unit, the relative position relation between each diffusion unit was inconsistent, is taken as surperficial dazzle with it.Therefore, between the diffusion unit gap be image display device Pixel Dimensions 1/3 or littler, more preferably 1/4 or more hour, can avoid surperficial dazzle.
The anti-dazzling film 12 that the surface has the second embodiment of the invention of micro concavo-convex shape for example comprises the resin that comprises particulate 13.In the micro concavo-convex shape on surface, preferred particulate 13 is covered by resin such as ionizing radiation curable resin.This concaveconvex shape can be the concaveconvex shape of support with favored policy, for example preferably makes a plurality of particulates 13 form a diffusion unit along suitable gathering of direction in the plane.The whole surface of accumulating particulate 13 can perhaps can make the surface of particulate 13 expose, as long as meet above-mentioned diffusive property by resin such as ionizing radiation curable resin or thermosetting resin covering.Yet, when particulate 13 protrudes when forming the abrupt slope part from anti-dazzle photosphere 12, being difficult to meet above-mentioned diffusing characteristic diffuser, this surface may have the rough surface sense in addition.Therefore, when exposing on the surface of particulate 13, for example preferably only being positioned at, particulate 13 surface portions of projection (as the diffusion unit) end 7 are expose portion.
The expression that " a plurality of particulates 13 suitably assembled " along direction in the plane of the used term of the application: (1) only assembles all particulates 13 along direction in the plane, and does not pile up mutually along the thickness direction of anti-dazzle photosphere 12; Perhaps (2) make nearly all particulate 13 assemble along direction in the plane, and residue particulate 13 piles up mutually along thickness direction, thereby does not make the gonorrhoea degree increase (using the measurement of black glass sheet to increase to greater than 2.0).All particulates 13 form two-dimentional aggregation ideally, but part particulate 13 can be separated from each other and not form aggregation, thereby do not increase the gonorrhoea degree.
As employed resin in the anti-dazzle photosphere 12, facilitate production, preferably by for example ultraviolet ray or electron beam radiation cured ionizing radiation curable resin or thermosetting resin, the most preferably photosensitive resin by cured with ultraviolet radiation by being heating and curing.As photosensitive resin, can use such as acrylate resins such as urethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, polyester acrylate, polyalcohol acrylate, polyether acrylate or melamine acrylate.Performance for cured resin, with regard to obtaining the image permeability, especially preferably can produce the resin of cured resin, perhaps with regard to obtaining anti-wound property with excellent light transmission, especially preferably can produce the resin of cured resin, thereby can suitably select resin with high rigidity.Ionizing radiation curable resin is not limited to ultraviolet-curing resin, can use any ionizing radiation curable resin, as long as it has light transmission, but photochromic accent of preferred transmission or transmission light quantity be not with painted or mist degree and the ionizing radiation curable resin of significant change.
Obtain photosensitive resin by Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater being introduced organic material, this organic material can form such as resins such as monomer, oligomer or condensates.For example, by making isocyanate-monomer or prepolymer and polyesters polyol reaction and making acrylate or methacrylic acid monomer and products therefrom reaction, obtain the polyurethanes acrylate resin with hydroxyl.
As Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater, for example can be used singly or in combination benzophenone derivates, acetophenone derivs, anthraquinone derivative etc.In photosensitive resin, can suitably select and introduce the composition acrylic resin for example that promotes film forming.
In photosensitive resin, if desired, can add light stabilizer, UV absorbers, antistatic agent, fire retardant, antioxidant etc. in right amount.Can add silicon dioxide microparticle etc. as viscosity modifier.
As particulate 13, for example can use organic fine particles or inorganic particles, as organic fine particles, can use for example acrylate, styrene, acrylic styrene copolymer, melamine or polycarbonate microballoon.They can be crosslinked or not crosslinked, and any sphere or the flat particulate that can use plastics to form.As particulate 13, for example using mean grain size is the particulates of 5 nanometers (nm) to 15 microns (μ m).When the mean grain size of particulate was not more than 15 μ m, the light that the surface is left in reflection caused dazzle unfriendly.On the other hand, when mean grain size during less than 5nm, dispersed particles reassembles unfriendly during the preparation application composition.For example can measure the mean grain size of particulate 13 by laser diffractometry.
Although not shown, anti-dazzling film 1 can be formed with the layer that comprises filling material or do not comprise filling material on anti-dazzle photosphere 12, and promptly anti-dazzle photosphere is made of two-layer.
As substrate 11, for example, use plastic foil with transparency.As this film, can use known polymer film.Particularly, polymer film can suitably be selected from the film that is made of following known resin: for example tri acetyl cellulose, polyester, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyimide (PI), polyamide, aromatic poly amide, tygon, polyacrylate, polyethersulfone, polysulfones, diacetyl cellulose, polypropylene, Polyvinylchloride, acrylic resin, polycarbonate, epoxy resin, Lauxite, polyurethane resin and melamine resin.Substrate is not limited to film, for example can use the sheet or the plate of the plastics formation with transparency.
Thickness to substrate 11 does not have particular restriction, and thickness is suitably selected.With regard to obtaining good productivity, the thickness of preferable substrate is 38 to 100 μ m, but thickness is not limited to this scope.
(2-2) manufacture method of anti-dazzling film
The manufacture method of the anti-dazzle thin-membrane 1 of second embodiment of the invention then, is described.At first, solvent is sneaked in for example above-mentioned ionizing radiation curable resin, particulate 13 and the light stabilizer of choosing wantonly, UV absorbers, antistatic agent, fire retardant, the antioxidant etc., wherein be dispersed with the application composition of particulate 13 with preparation.Solvent is not had particular restriction, can use such as the tert-butyl alcohol, toluene, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) or isopropyl alcohol organic solvents such as (IPA).
Then, the application composition that makes is administered on the aforesaid substrate 11 substantially equably.The method of using this application composition is not specifically limited, can uses known painting method.The example of painting method comprises nick format cladding process, line rod cladding process, directly intaglio plate formula cladding process, mouthful mould cladding process, infusion process, spraying process, inverse roller coating method, curtain are coated with method, comma cladding process, knife coating and spin-coating method.
For the thickness of the application composition of being used, suitably control and utilize the solid content of application composition, so that dry average thickness is 3 to 30 μ m, be preferably 4 to 15 μ m.When thickness during less than above-mentioned scope, be difficult to obtain required hardness, when thickness during greater than above-mentioned scope, the film of gained is easy to stand significantly curl.
After applying, the at high temperature dry application composition of being used is so that solvent evaporates.The convection current that causes in application composition in the dry run forms Benard cell (Benard Cell), makes the surface of anti-dazzle photosphere 12 have the concaveconvex shape of suitable support with favored policy of cycle.In the anti-dazzle thin-membrane 2 of second embodiment, not by for example evenly disperseing each particulate 13 but by allowing a plurality of particulates 13 because convection current and suitably assemble and form a diffusion unit, thereby obtain required surface configuration.Can suitably determine baking temperature and drying time according to the boiling point of contained solvent in the application composition.In this case, preferably, when considering the thermal resistance of substrate 11, select baking temperature and drying time, so that substrate 11 is without undergoing the distortion that causes owing to thermal shrinkage.In addition, preferably control drying and wait other condition, in ionizing radiation curable resin, causing suitable convection current, thereby form required surface configuration.
Below describe drying steps and curing schedule in detail.
The dry application composition that is applied on the substrate 11 under predetermined temperature at first causing convection current in this application composition, thereby makes particulate 13 along with air-flow is suitably assembled along direction in the plane, forms two-dimentional aggregation.In this case, make solvent evaporates, in the surface of coat film, form Benard cell.When particulate 13 piles up when forming three-dimensional aggregation mutually along the thickness direction of coat film, in the surface of anti-dazzle photosphere, disadvantageously form component, thereby increase the gonorrhoea sense with acute angle.
The used term of the application " Benard cell " is meant owing to the surface structure that flow phenomenon or convection current are formed that causes in application composition in the solvent seasoning step.The all surface structure that forms in the solvent seasoning process all is called the application's used " Benard cell ", and described surface structure has arbitrary shape and is not limited to tubular structure.
Can select the aggregation extent of particulate 13 by the surface tension of suitable control example such as solvent and the surface energy of particulate 13.
Resin contained in the preferred application composition still is liquid state after this application composition is carried out drying.In this case, between Benard cell, can form meniscus (meniscuses), thereby can in the coat film surface, form the micro concavo-convex shape of support with favored policy.
Drying condition is not had particular restriction, can adopt controlled air dry or artificial drying of baking temperature or drying time.When in the dry run airflow being delivered to the application composition surface, preferably in the coat film surface, do not cause charming appearance and behaviour distortion (wind-wrought) pattern.When causing charming appearance and behaviour distortion pattern, on the anti-dazzle laminar surface, unlikely form the micro concavo-convex shape of required support with favored policy, thereby be difficult to obtain simultaneously anti-dazzle photosensitiveness and high-contrast.
Then, by for example ionising radiation or heating the dry resin on the substrate 11 is solidified.Thereby formation has macrocyclic ripple, makes a two-dimentional aggregation constitute a peak.That is, the concaveconvex shape that forms on anti-dazzle photosphere 12 surfaces in the film with present manufacturing is compared the micro concavo-convex shape with long period and support with favored policy degree.
Be used to solidify ionizing radiation curable resin and comprise electron beam, ultraviolet ray, visible light and gamma ray with the example of the curing energy that forms anti-dazzle photosphere 12, yet, facilitate production, preferred ultraviolet light.Ultraviolet source is not had particular restriction, suitably select high-pressure sodium lamp, metal halide lamp etc.For total radiation, can suitably select, so that used resin solidification and resin and substrate 11 not flavescence.Can in air or in inert atmospheres such as nitrogen, argon gas, carry out radiation according to the curing of the resin atmosphere of selective radiation suitably.
Anti-dazzling film 1 by the said method manufacturing has aforesaid specific diffusive property, has therefore suppressed the gonorrhoea sense when obtaining anti-dazzle photosensitiveness.In addition, this anti-dazzling film has specific gap between the diffusion unit in being formed on anti-dazzle photosphere 12 surfaces, thereby has the rough surface sense of reduction.Therefore, by this anti-dazzling film 1 is used for for example display devices such as LCD, plasma scope, electroluminescent display or CRT monitor, can realize having simultaneously the demonstration of excellent anti-dazzle photosensitiveness and excellent contrast, thereby improve visibility.
(3) the 3rd embodiments
(3-1) structure of anti-dazzling film
As shown in Figure 4, the anti-dazzling film 1 of third embodiment of the invention comprises the anti-dazzle photosphere 12 that is formed on the substrate 11, forms a plurality of projections as the diffusion unit in the surface of anti-dazzle photosphere 12, and this surface has fine concaveconvex shape on the whole.The replicating master molds that the master mold that use is formed by little manufacturing is made by the shape transferred thereon method, forms the micro concavo-convex shape in anti-dazzle photosphere 12 surfaces.Mean gap between the substrate 11 of third embodiment of the invention, diffusing characteristic diffuser and the diffusion unit is similar to the present invention's first and second embodiments, therefore omits description of them.
Be similar to the present invention's first and second embodiments, form (comprising ionizing radiation curable resin or thermosetting resin) the anti-dazzle photosphere 12 of third embodiment of the invention by resin.Transfer printing by using replicating master molds as described below and passing through concaveconvex shape in the molded surface obtains required concaveconvex shape in anti-dazzle photosphere 12 surfaces.Anti-dazzle photosphere 12 need not to comprise particulate 13, is used to finely tune mist degree or surface configuration but can comprise particulate.
(3-2) manufacture method of anti-dazzling film
Below with reference to Fig. 7 A to 7E, the manufacture method of the anti-dazzling film 1 of third embodiment of the invention has been described.
(manufacturing process of master mold)
At first make the base material that to handle.Tabular, sheet, membranaceous and block that the example of base material shape comprises.Then, by the mask imaging method that uses KrF excimer laser for example, the pressing that uses molded pressing mold, patterning method, sand-blast, wet etch method etc., corresponding to the patterned surface substrate surface of anti-dazzle photosphere 12 forming fine concaveconvex shape, thereby obtain shown in Fig. 7 A, having the master mold 21 of the counter-rotating micro concavo-convex shape of shape in the anti-dazzle photosphere 12.The surface of this master mold 21 has fine concaveconvex shape, make the anti-dazzling film 1 of third embodiment of the invention can obtain to be similar to the diffusing characteristic diffuser of the present invention's first and second embodiments, and preferably have 300 μ m or littler, more preferably 220 μ m or littler average peak-paddy gap Sm.
(manufacturing process of replicating master molds)
Then, adopt for example electroless coating method, form conducting film in shape at the micro concavo-convex of above gained master mold 21.Conducting film is by the metal metal film that forms of nickel for example.Then, the master mold 21 that is formed with conducting film on it is placed electroforming apparatus,, on conducting film, form the coat of metal such as nickel coating by for example electrochemical plating.Then, the coat of metal is deviate from from master mold 21, thereby obtained shown in Fig. 7 B, having the replicating master molds 22 of the counter-rotating micro concavo-convex shape of shape in the master mold 21.
Then, the replicating master molds 22 of above-mentioned gained is carried out surface treatment, subsequently,, form the coat of metal such as nickel coating in shape at the micro concavo-convex of gained replicating master molds by for example electrochemical plating.Then, the coat of metal is deviate from from replicating master molds 22, thus obtain shown in Fig. 5 C, having with master mold 21 in the replicating master molds 23 of identical micro concavo-convex shape.
When master mold is formed by the organism that is easy to damage etc. and makes submodule and Sun Moshi by master mold as mentioned above, even still can use submodule to make Sun Mo in a large number under the situation about when breaking away from master mold, master mold being damaged.On the other hand, when master mold is not easy to damage and can repeats to make submodule by master mold, master mold handled submodule can be used as transfer mold so that it is with anti-dazzle photosphere is of similar shape and gained reverses.
(manufacturing process of anti-dazzling film)
Then, photosensitive resin such as ultraviolet-curing resin are injected the micro concavo-convex shape of the replicating master molds 23 that obtains by said process.As the photosensitive resin that forms anti-dazzle photosphere 12, for example can use with first embodiment of the invention in resin like the employed resene.Obtain micro concavo-convex shape in the anti-dazzle photosphere 12 by shape transferred thereon, therefore need not in photosensitive resin, to add particulate, yet can in photosensitive resin, add the fine setting that particulate is used for mist degree or surface configuration.
Then, shown in Fig. 7 D, will be placed on the replicating master molds 23 as the substrate 11 of supporting substrate.Subsequently, for example utilize that squeegee applies power to substrate 11, so that the thickness of photosensitive resin becomes even.Then, for example by light such as ultraviolet light irradiation substrate 11, photosensitive resin is solidified.After this, shown in Fig. 5 E, the photosensitive resin that solidifies is deviate from from replicating master molds 23.Thereby, on a first type surface of substrate 11, form anti-dazzle photosphere 12, make anti-dazzling film 1 with above-mentioned diffusing characteristic diffuser.
Fig. 8 shows the structure example of the liquid crystal display device of the anti-dazzling film 1 that uses third embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 8, liquid crystal display device comprises liquid crystal panel 31 and is arranged on the light source 33 of liquid crystal panel 31 belows, and liquid crystal panel 31 has anti-dazzling film 1 on its display surface.
Light source 33 provides light to liquid crystal panel 31, and has for example fluorescent light (FL), electroluminescent lamp (EL) or light emitting diode (LED).Liquid crystal panel 31 spatially the light that provides of modulated light source 33 with display message.Two surfaces of liquid crystal panel 31 are provided with polaroid 32a, 32b.Polaroid 32a and polaroid 32b allow in the orthogonal polarized light component of incident light to see through and stop another by absorption.Arrange polaroid 32a and polaroid 32b, for example make their axis of homology (transmission axe) orthogonal.
The anti-dazzling film 1 of third embodiment of the invention has aforesaid specific diffusing characteristic diffuser, thereby has the gonorrhoea sense that is inhibited when obtaining anti-dazzle photosensitiveness.In addition, have specific gap between the diffusion unit that this anti-dazzling film forms in anti-dazzle photosphere 12 surfaces, thereby have the rough surface sense of reduction.Therefore, by anti-dazzling film 1 is used for liquid crystal display device, can improve the visibility of the shown image of liquid crystal display device.
Embodiment
After this, describe embodiment of the present invention in detail with reference to following embodiment, described embodiment should not be construed as and limits the scope of the invention.Embodiment 1-7 and 9 is corresponding to second embodiment of the invention, and embodiment 8 is corresponding to third embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The raw material that will comprise following application composition composition mixes; and utilized magnetic stirrer 1 hour; utilize scraping strip coating machine (bar coater) that the gained application composition is applied on the surface of the tri acetyl cellulose that thickness is 80 μ m (TAC) film (Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd produce and market) then.
(composition of application composition)
Polyfunctional monomer 100 weight portions
Condensate 5 weight portions
Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater (IRGACURE 184, the CIBA-GEIGY produce and market) 3 weight portions
Solvent (tert-butyl alcohol) 153 weight portions
Crosslinkable phenylethylene micro ball SBX6 (SEKISUI PLASTICS Co., Ltd produce and market) 10 weight portions
After applying, in baking oven in 80 ℃ of application compositions that drying applied two minutes, then by utilizing 100mJ/cm 2UV-irradiation, be cured processing, thereby obtain the anti-dazzling film of embodiment 1, wherein the dry thickness of anti-dazzle photosphere is 11.8 μ m.
Embodiment 2
Obtain the anti-dazzling film of embodiment 2 in mode substantially the same manner as Example 1, different is with crosslinkable phenylethylene micro ball SBX6 (SEKISUI PLASTICS Co., the Ltd produce and market) quantitative change is 3 weight portions, and the dry thickness of anti-dazzle photosphere is 11.0 μ m.
Embodiment 3
Obtain the anti-dazzling film of embodiment 3 in mode substantially the same manner as Example 1, different is with crosslinkable phenylethylene micro ball SBX6 (SEKISUI PLASTICS Co., the Ltd produce and market) quantitative change is 5 weight portions, with the quantitative change of solvent (tert-butyl alcohol) is 156 weight portions, and the dry thickness of anti-dazzle photosphere is 9.4 μ m.
Embodiment 4
Obtain the anti-dazzling film of embodiment 4 in mode substantially the same manner as Example 1, different crosslinkable phenylethylene micro ball SBX4 (the SEKISUI PLASTICS Co. that is to use 3 weight portions, the Ltd produce and market) replaces crosslinkable phenylethylene micro ball SBX6 (SEKISUI PLASTICS Co., the Ltd produce and market), and the dry thickness of anti-dazzle photosphere be 4.7 μ m.
Embodiment 5
Obtain the anti-dazzling film of embodiment 5, different crosslinkable phenylethylene micro ball SX500 (the Soken Chemical ﹠amp that is to use 5 weight portions in mode substantially the same manner as Example 1; EngineeringCO., Ltd produce and market) replacing crosslinkable phenylethylene micro ball SBX6 (SEKISUI PLASTICSCo., Ltd produce and market), be 156 weight portions with the quantitative change of solvent (tert-butyl alcohol), and the dry thickness of anti-dazzle photosphere is 9.7 μ m.
Embodiment 6
In embodiment 6, crosslinkable phenylethylene micro ball SBX6 (SEKISUIPLASTICS Co. with 10 weight portions, the Ltd produce and market) and the solvent of 163 weight portions (tert-butyl alcohol) mix, obtain anti-dazzling film, wherein the dry thickness of anti-dazzle photosphere is 12.3 μ m.Then, application composition is applied on the anti-dazzling film of gained, described application composition is to mix by the raw material that will contain following application composition composition to prepare, thereby obtains to have the anti-dazzling film of two-layer embodiment 6.
(composition of application composition)
Polyfunctional monomer 100 weight portions
Condensate 5 weight portions
Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater (IRGACURE 184, the CIBA-GEIGY produce and market) 3 weight portions
Solvent (tert-butyl alcohol) 149 weight portions
Embodiment 7
Obtain the anti-dazzling film of embodiment 7 in mode substantially the same manner as Example 2, different is that described application composition is applied in the polyethylene terephthalate that thickness is 100 μ m (PET) film (COSMOSHINE A4300, TOYOBO Co., the Ltd produce and market) on the surface, and the dry thickness of anti-dazzle photosphere is 10.9 μ m.
Embodiment 8
Make master mold by the mask imaging method that uses the KrF excimer laser, and on this master mold, form nickel coating, then this nickel coating is deviate from from master mold, make first replicating master molds.Then, on this first replicating master molds, form nickel coating, subsequently this nickel coating is deviate from from described first replicating master molds, make second replicating master molds.The application composition that will comprise following compositions is applied on this second replicating master molds, and be polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (the COSMOSHINE A4300 of 75 μ m with thickness, TOYOBO Co., the Ltd produce and market) places on the described application composition, utilize the film of squeegee on application composition to apply the load of 1kg, so that the thickness of application composition becomes even.Subsequently, utilize 500mJ/cm 2The described polyethylene terephthalate of UV-irradiation (PET) film so that ultraviolet-curing resin solidifies, then described ultraviolet-curing resin is deviate from from second replicating master molds, thereby is obtained the anti-dazzling film of embodiment 8.The dry thickness of this anti-dazzle photosphere is 5.5 μ m.
(composition of application composition)
Polyfunctional monomer 100 weight portions
Condensate 5 weight portions
Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater (IRGACURE 184, the CIBA-GEIGY produce and market) 3 weight portions
Solvent (tert-butyl alcohol) 149 weight portions
Embodiment 9
Obtain anti-dazzling film in mode substantially the same manner as Example 1, different is that the raw material that will comprise following application composition composition mixes, and the dry thickness of anti-dazzle photosphere is 7.3 μ m.
(composition of application composition)
Multifunctional acrylic acid oligomer 100 weight portions
Photoepolymerizationinitiater initiater (IRGACURE 184, the CIBA-GEIGY produce and market) 3 weight portions
Solvent (methylisobutylketone; MIBK) 150 weight portions
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGM) 37 weight portions
Silicon dioxide microsphere SS50B (TOSOH SILICA CORPORATION produce and market) 12 weight portions
Spreading agent DOPA 15 (Shin-Etsu Chemical CO., Ltd produce and market) 10 weight portions
Comparative example 1
Obtain the anti-dazzling film of comparative example 1 in mode substantially the same manner as Example 2, the dry thickness of different is anti-dazzle photosphere is 6.8 μ m.
Comparative example 2
Obtain the anti-dazzling film of comparative example 2 in mode substantially the same manner as Example 2, the dry thickness of different is anti-dazzle photosphere is 7.6 μ m.
Comparative example 3
Obtain the anti-dazzling film of comparative example 3 in mode substantially the same manner as Example 1, different crosslinkable phenylethylene micro ball SX500 (the Soken Chemical CO. that is to use 3 weight portions, the Ltd produce and market) replaces crosslinkable phenylethylene micro ball SBX6 (SEKISUI PLASTICS CO., the Ltd produce and market), and the dry thickness of anti-dazzle photosphere be 8.5 μ m.
Comparative example 4
Obtain the anti-dazzling film of comparative example 4 in mode substantially the same manner as Example 1, different crosslinkable phenylethylene micro ball SX500 (the Soken Chemical CO. that is to use 5 weight portions, the Ltd produce and market) replaces crosslinkable phenylethylene micro ball SBX6 (SEKISUI PLASTICS CO., the Ltd produce and market), and the dry thickness of anti-dazzle photosphere be 11.2 μ m.
Comparative example 5
Obtain the anti-dazzling film of comparative example 5 in mode substantially the same manner as Example 1, different crosslinkable phenylethylene micro ball SX500 (the Soken Chemical CO. that is to use 5 weight portions, the Ltd produce and market) replaces crosslinkable phenylethylene micro ball SBX6 (SEKISUI PLASTICS CO., the Ltd produce and market), and the dry thickness of anti-dazzle photosphere be 18.7 μ m.
For each anti-dazzling film that makes among embodiment 1-9 and the comparative example 1-5, estimate optical property by following method.
The evaluation of diffusing characteristic diffuser
For the influence of eliminating backside reflection determining the diffusing characteristic diffuser of anti-dazzling film itself, be bonded on the black glass by the back side of cementing agent each anti-dazzling film of making among embodiment 1-9 and the comparative example 1-5.By use goniophotometer GP-1-3D (OPTEC CO., Ltd produce and market) under dark room conditions ,-5 °～30 ° collimation incident light is estimated diffusing characteristic diffuser to determine intensity of reflected light on the sample surfaces of-5 ° of directions of scanning edge.In this case, the nitometer in the goniophotometer has 2 ° of visuals field.
Fig. 9 shows embodiment 1 and 2 and comparative example 2 diffusing characteristic diffuser separately.In Fig. 9, L1 is corresponding to embodiment 1, and L2 is corresponding to embodiment 2, and L3 is corresponding to comparative example 2.Figure 10 shows embodiment 3 and 6 and comparative example 4 diffusing characteristic diffuser separately.In Figure 10, L4 is corresponding to embodiment 3, and L5 is corresponding to embodiment 6, and L6 is corresponding to comparative example 4.Every evaluation of diffusing characteristic diffuser is as described below.Determine I (α+1)/I (α) ratio, wherein I (α) is the catoptrical intensity at any angle place, I (α+1) changes the maximal value of determining intensity of reflected light ratio for depart from the catoptrical intensity of 1 ° of α at large angle side according to per 1 ° maximum intensity.Determine that respectively relative intensity of reflected light peak intensity of reflected light is the angle overall with at 1/2,1/100 and 1/1000 place.With the standard diffuse reflector that uses barium sulphate to constitute in the same evaluation measure along the catoptrical intensity of direct reflection direction as 1, standardization becomes 20 ° catoptrical intensity with embodiment 1-9 with the direct reflection direction of each anti-dazzling film among the comparative example 1-5, determines gain.
The measurement of mist degree
Use haze meter HM-150 (MURAKAMI COLOR RESEARCHLABORATORY produce and market), under the measuring condition described in the JIS K7136, measure mist degree.Anti-dazzling film among embodiment 1-9 and the comparative example 1-5 is carried out mist degree to be measured, and to being that cementing agent below 1% is bonded in the anti-dazzling film that obtains on the anti-dazzle laminar surface of above-mentioned anti-dazzling film and carries out mist degree and measure with mist degree, and the latter is defined as internal haze, determine that difference between the former and the latter is as surperficial mist degree.
The measurement of mean gap between the diffusion unit
For each anti-dazzling film among embodiment 1-9 and the comparative example 1-5, use automatic miniature image measurement instrument SURFCORDER ET4000A (Kosaka Laboratory Co., the Ltd produce and market), measure surface roughness under the measuring condition described in the JIS B0601-1994, and obtain roughness curve according to the two-dimensional section curve of gained.By calculating the average length Sm that determines as the fair curve of roughness parameter, thereby determine the mean gap between the diffusion unit.
The evaluation of anti-dazzle performance
For each anti-dazzling film that makes among embodiment 1-9 and the comparative example 1-5, for the influence of eliminating backside reflection to estimate the anti-dazzle performance of anti-dazzling film itself, be bonded on the black glass by the back side of cementing agent anti-dazzling film.Then, use fluorescent illumination,, detect the reflection in each anti-dazzling film by from the visualization of direct reflection direction as light source with two parallel shadow-free fluorescent lights of placing, and the reflection of the described fluorescent illumination of the following standard evaluation of foundation.
A: the edge (regarding two fluorescent lights as single lamp) that can not see fluorescent light.
B: can see fluorescent light to a certain extent, but blur margin is clear.
C: fluorescent light is directly reflected.
The evaluation of gonorrhoea degree
By detect by diffusion of anti-dazzle laminar surface and reflection as the light source diffused light of fluorescent illumination for example, the sense of perception gonorrhoea.Thereby, will use commercially available spectrocolorimeter simulate above-mentioned phenomenon and the numerical value quantitatively determined as the gonorrhoea degree.The concrete grammar of measuring the gonorrhoea degree is as described below.At first, for each anti-dazzling film that makes among embodiment 1-9 and the comparative example 1-5, for the influence of eliminating backside reflection to estimate the diffuse reflection of anti-dazzling film itself, by cementing agent the described back side is bonded on the black glass.Then, use integration ball-type spectrocolorimeter SP64 (X-Rite company produce and market), adopt d/8 ° of optical system, the surface of wherein using each anti-dazzling film of diffused light radiation, and by being placed on the detector measurement reflected light on the direction that becomes 8 ° with the anti-dazzling film normal.For measured value, adopt diffuse reflection detected component only and do not detect the SPEX pattern of specular components, and measure with 2 ° detection visual angle.Repeatedly has correlativity between the gonorrhoea degree of the gonorrhoea degree measured by said method of experiment confirm and visual detection.
For each anti-dazzling film that makes among embodiment 1-9 and the comparative example 1-5, by cementing agent the back side is bonded in black acrylic sheet (ACRYLITE L 502, Mitsubishi Rayon Co., the Ltd produce and market) on, and according to the measuring method of using black glass in identical mode, measure the gonorrhoea degree in the gained anti-dazzling film.For the black acrylic sheet of the anti-dazzling film that do not bond, recording the gonorrhoea degree is 0.2.
Reference table 1 and Figure 11 illustrate for the gonorrhoea degree of the anti-dazzling film measurement that is bonded with black glass with for the correlativity between the gonorrhoea degree of the anti-dazzling film measurement that is bonded with the black acrylic sheet.
Table 1
Gonorrhoea degree (measurement) when being bonded with glass sheet Gonorrhoea degree (measurement) when being bonded with acrylic sheet Gonorrhoea degree (calculating) when being bonded with acrylic sheet
Sample
1 2.6 2.3 2.3
Sample 2 2.0 1.8 1.7
Sample 3 0.9 0.5 0.5
Sample 4 0.9 0.6 0.5
Sample 5 1.0 0.6 0.6
Sample 6 1.0 0.6 0.6
Sample 7 1.7 1.5 1.4
Sample 8 1.2 0.8 0.9
Sample 9 1.3 0.9 1.0
Sample 10 1.1 0.7 0.7
Sample 11 1.2 0.8 0.8
Sample 12 1.0 0.6 0.6
Sample 13 1.0 0.6 0.6
Sample 14 0.9 0.4 0.5
For by in the manufacture method identical with embodiment 1 suitably control thickness and particle diameter change the anti-dazzling film sample 1-14 that the gonorrhoea degree obtains, the sample that is bonded with the black glass sheet has been shown in table 1 and has been bonded with the measurement result of gonorrhoea degree of the sample of black acrylic sheet.In addition, for the gonorrhoea degree of the sample that is bonded with the black acrylic sheet, in table 1, illustrated and utilized the tropic that obtains according to correlativity between black glass sheet and the black acryl resin sheet by calculating the numerical value of determining.According to table 1 as can be known, by calculating the numerical value that can obtain near measured value.
The gonorrhoea degree that the gonorrhoea degree of the sample by will being bonded with black glass as shown in Figure 9 is plotted in horizontal ordinate and will be bonded with the sample of black acrylic sheet is plotted in ordinate, obtains the tropic of correlativity between black glass sheet and the black acrylic sheet.In Fig. 9, when during as y, obtaining the tropic as x and with the gonorrhoea degree of the sample that is bonded with acrylic sheet by following formulate with the gonorrhoea degree of the sample that is bonded with glass sheet, and coefficient of determination R 2Be 0.9909:
y＝1.1039x-0.4735
Find according to The above results, closely related between gonorrhoea degree that use black glass sheet is measured and the gonorrhoea degree that uses the measurement of black acrylic sheet.
The evaluation of rough surface sense
For each anti-dazzling film that makes among embodiment 1-9 and the comparative example 1-5, for the influence of eliminating backside reflection to estimate the rough surface sense of anti-dazzling film itself, be bonded on the black glass sheet by the back side of cementing agent anti-dazzling film.Then, use light box (light box) (HAKUBA PhotoIndustry Co., the Ltd produce and market) as planar light source, utilize and the normal of anti-dazzling film rayed anti-dazzling film into about 30 °, and check reflection each anti-dazzling film by visualization from the direct reflection direction, according to the sense of following standard evaluation rough surface.
◎: even in the about 50 centimetres position of distance anti-dazzling film, also not from visually perceiving the rough surface sense.
Zero: in the position of 1 meter of distance anti-dazzling film, not from visually perceiving the rough surface sense, but in the about 50 centimetres position of distance anti-dazzling film, from visually perceiving the rough surface sense.
*: in the position of 1 meter of distance anti-dazzling film, from visually perceiving the rough surface sense.
Figure A20081021031600371
The evaluation result of the optical property of embodiment 1-9 and comparative example 1-5 has been shown in table 2.For the gonorrhoea degree, show for the anti-dazzling film that is bonded with black glass with for the evaluation result of the anti-dazzling film that is bonded with the black acrylic sheet.
Paying close attention to the per 1 ° maximum intensity shown in the table 2 changes.In per 1 ° maximum intensity changed greater than each embodiment 1-9 of 0.1, the blur margin of fluorescent light was clear when estimating the anti-dazzle performance, therefore each anti-dazzling film was assessed as the B level, and found that it has suitable anti-dazzle performance.On the contrary, in per 1 ° maximum intensity is changed to comparative example 3 and 4 below 0.1, when estimating the anti-dazzle performance, observed the reflection of fluorescent illumination, and anti-dazzling film do not possess gratifying anti-dazzle performance.Find that according to The above results for obtaining the anti-dazzle performance, per 1 ° maximum intensity changes should be greater than 0.1.In per 1 ° maximum intensity changed greater than 0.1 comparative example 1 and 2, anti-dazzling film had good anti-dazzle performance, but located to have up to the gain more than 0.02 and have strong gonorrhoea sense at 20 °.Find that thus per 1 ° maximum intensity variation is preferably 0.6 or littler.
Then, paying close attention to intensity of reflected light is the angle overall with at 1/100 place.In the angle overall with was 6.0 ° or bigger each embodiment 1-9, each anti-dazzling film had obtained suitable anti-dazzle performance.On the contrary, the angle overall with less than 6.0 ° comparative example 3 and 4 in, when estimating the anti-dazzle performance, observed the reflection of fluorescent illumination, and anti-dazzling film does not possess gratifying anti-dazzle performance by visual observation.The angle overall with greater than 28.0 ° comparative example 1 and 2 in, anti-dazzling film has gratifying anti-dazzle performance, but locates to have greater than 0.02 gain and have strong gonorrhoea sense at 20 °.Find that according to The above results for obtaining the anti-dazzle performance, intensity of reflected light is that the angle overall with at 1/100 place is necessary for 6.0 ° to 28.0 °.
Then, paying close attention to intensity of reflected light is the angle overall with at 1/1000 place.In the angle overall with was 10.0 ° or bigger each embodiment 1-9, each anti-dazzling film had obtained suitable anti-dazzle performance.On the contrary, the angle overall with less than 10.0 ° comparative example 3 and 4 in, when estimating the anti-dazzle performance, observed the reflection of fluorescent illumination, and anti-dazzling film does not possess gratifying anti-dazzle performance by visual observation.The angle overall with greater than 45.0 ° comparative example 1 and 2 in, anti-dazzling film has gratifying anti-dazzle performance, but locates to have greater than 0.02 gain and have strong gonorrhoea sense at 20 °.Find that according to The above results for obtaining the anti-dazzle performance, intensity of reflected light is that the angle overall with at 1/1000 place should be 10.0 ° to 45.0 °.
Paying close attention to intensity of reflected light is the angle overall with (half width) at 1/2 place.Only comparative example 1 satisfies the spy and opens the requirement of describing in the 2002-365410 communique: the intensity of reflected light peak half width is 7 ° or bigger relatively, and anti-dazzling film has obtained good anti-dazzle performance, but the film that is bonded with the black acrylic sheet has and is higher than 1.7 gonorrhoea degree.Find that thus the gonorrhoea degree that obtains good anti-dazzle performance and reduction simultaneously is difficult.In addition, by the not satisfied comparative example 3,4 of anti-dazzle performance relatively with obtained the embodiment 5 of suitable anti-dazzle performance, do not find the relation of half width between them.Finding thus, is that the film that 1/2 place has a special angle overall with can not obtain the anti-dazzle performance in intensity of reflected light only.This is because have correlativity between the logarithm of supposition people's vision visibility and light intensity, so light intensity must be reduced to 1/100 or 1/1000 intensity gradually.
For for the gonorrhoea degree of the d/8 that does not comprise specular components ° of reflectivity evaluation, among the embodiment 1-9 20 ° locate to have 0.02 or littler gain and the anti-dazzling film that is bonded with the black acrylic sheet separately have 1.7 or littler gonorrhoea degree.The anti-dazzling film that is bonded with the black acrylic sheet among the embodiment 1-9 separately has 1.7 or littler gonorrhoea degree and have the black matrix reflection (black reflection) of minimizing, therefore, when this film is actually used in display surface, can obviously see black.In addition, the anti-dazzling film that is bonded with the black acrylic sheet among embodiment 2 and the embodiment 4-9 separately has 1.2 or littler gonorrhoea degree and the black matrix reflection that further reduces, and contrast improves, thereby gives image's authenticity.On the contrary, in the comparative example 1 and 2 20 ° locate to have 0.02 or the anti-dazzling film of bigger gain have strong gonorrhoea sense.
In the strong comparative example 1 and 2 of gonorrhoea sense, surperficial mist degree is greater than 5.0%.Find that thus surperficial mist degree is preferably 0 to 5.0%.In each embodiment 2-9, surperficial mist degree is 3.0% or littler.Find surperficial mist degree more preferably 0 to 3.0% thus.On the other hand, do not limit, obtain to realize that by adding the desired particulate of surface configuration of required diffusing characteristic diffuser determines internal haze internal haze is concrete.
Then, the mean gap between the concern diffusion unit.For mean gap among the embodiment 1-9 is 300 μ m or each littler anti-dazzling film, does not perceive the rough surface sense in the reflection apart from the position of its 1 meter (m).Particularly, mean gap is that 220 μ m or each littler anti-dazzling film have very fine surface characteristics among embodiment 1,2, the 4-6,8,9, does not also perceive the rough surface sense even make in the position of distance anti-dazzling film about 50 centimetres (cm).On the contrary, greater than the anti-dazzling film of 330 μ m, having perceived rough surface sense and anti-dazzling film does not have fine surface for mean gap in the comparative example 5.In addition, for mean gap in comparative example 3 and 4 is 300 μ m or littler but do not satisfy per 1 ° maximum intensity and change each anti-dazzling film that requires greater than 0.1 to 0.6 diffusing characteristic diffuser, in intensity of reflected light is that 1/100 place's angle overall with is 6.0 ° to 28.0 °, be that 1/1000 place's angle overall with is 10.0 ° to 45.0 ° perhaps, perceived serious rough surface sense in intensity of reflected light.This is because supposition causes some uneven parts in more smooth surface.
When from the anti-dazzle photosphere that ultraviolet-curing resin forms, obviously protruding, be easy to perceive the rough surface sense on particles contained surface.Therefore, by utilizing surface that ionizing radiation curable resin etc. covers described particles, further suppress the rough surface sense to reduce the abrupt slope part of particle.In addition, for identical purpose, it also is effective to remove the major diameter particle that the particle that will add is carried out classification.
Anti-dazzling film in embodiment 1-9 and comparative example 1 and 5 is applied in the image display independently with checking image light.In the anti-dazzling film of comparative example 5, observe the flicker that significantly is called surperficial dazzle, yet in each anti-dazzling film in embodiment 1-9, almost do not observe flicker.
According to The above results, the anti-dazzling film that discovery has a following diffusing characteristic diffuser has the gonorrhoea sense that is inhibited when obtaining the anti-dazzle performance: become catoptrical at any angle intensity below 10 ° and the certain ratio that departs from this arbitrarily angled 1 ° catoptrical intensity at large angle side with the direct reflection direction, and have specific gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with the direct reflection direction.Similarly, find that in intensity of reflected light peak intensity of reflected light relatively be the gonorrhoea sense that has reduction when anti-dazzling film that 1/100 or 1/1000 place has the special angle overall with and has certain gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with the direct reflection direction is obtaining the anti-dazzle performance.Find that in addition the anti-dazzling film that also has specific mean gap except that above-mentioned diffusing characteristic diffuser between the diffusion unit has the rough surface sense of reduction.
More than describe first, second and the 3rd embodiment of the present invention in detail, but the invention is not restricted to above-mentioned embodiment, and can change based on the technical conceive among the present invention or change.For example, the numerical value of mentioning in the above-described embodiment, material and method only are exemplary, if desired, can use the numerical value, material and the method that are different from them.
For example, in second embodiment of the present invention, described the example that in the surface, forms the micro concavo-convex shape owing to the convection current that in comprising the resin of particulate, causes, yet can use the resin that does not comprise particulate, as long as along with convection current forms Benard cell in resin.
In the 3rd embodiment of the present invention, the example that anti-dazzling film is used for LCD has been described, yet described display device is not limited to LCD, anti-dazzling film can be applied to such as various display devices such as plasma scope, electroluminescent display and cathode ray tube (CRT) displays.
In the of the present invention first and the 3rd embodiment, the example that forms the micro concavo-convex shape by the shape transferred thereon method in the anti-dazzling film surface has been described, yet can handle substrate surface by for example adopting sand-blast, laser beam machining method, wet etch method etc., in the surface, form concaveconvex shape.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the scope of claims or its equivalent, can carry out various changes, combination, sub-portfolio and alternative according to designing requirement and other factors.
The cross reference of related application
The spy that the application requires on February 14th, 2007 to be filed in Jap.P. office is willing to that the spy who 2007-033855 communique and on Dec 28th, 2007 is filed in Jap.P. office is willing to the rights and interests of 2007-341220 communique, and the full content that is incorporated herein them as a reference.

Claims (22)

1. anti-dazzling film, it comprises:
Be formed on lip-deep a plurality of diffusions unit; And
Wherein said anti-dazzling film has following optical property:
I greater than 0.1 to 0.6 (α+1)/I (α) ratio, wherein I (α) on the described surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit on it along the catoptrical intensity of the direction reflection that becomes 10 ° of following any angle with incident light direct reflection direction, described incident light becomes 5 ° to 30 ° angles with described normal to a surface direction, and I (α+1) is for departing from the catoptrical intensity of 1 ° of described any angle at large angle side, and
Have 0.02 or littler gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with the direct reflection direction of described incident light, described gain obtains as 1 normalization intensity of reflected light by the direct reflection intensity of use standard diffusing panel, and
The mean gap that has 50 to 300 microns between the wherein said diffusion unit.
2. the anti-dazzling film of claim 1, wherein:
Described surface has fine concaveconvex shape, and
Described optical property is mainly limited by described fine concaveconvex shape.
3. the anti-dazzling film of claim 1, wherein said a plurality of diffusions unit is arranged on the substrate to form anti-dazzle photosphere.
4. the anti-dazzling film of claim 2, wherein said anti-dazzle photosphere is by wherein disperseing fine-grained resin to form, and described particulate has the mean grain size of 5 nanometers (nm) to 15 microns (μ m).
5. the anti-dazzling film of claim 4, wherein said particulate is assembled along direction in the plane, thereby forms described fine concaveconvex shape in described surface.
6. the anti-dazzling film of claim 5 wherein utilizes resin to cover described accumulating particulate to form described diffusion unit.
7. the anti-dazzling film of claim 6, wherein said resin comprise at least a in ionizing radiation curable resin and the thermosetting resin.
8. the anti-dazzling film of claim 6, does not expose on the surface of wherein said accumulating particulate, and a part that perhaps only is positioned at the described microparticle surfaces of described diffusion cell end is exposed.
9. the anti-dazzling film of claim 6, wherein said diffusion is formed with meniscus between the unit.
10. the anti-dazzling film of claim 1, described anti-dazzling film have 5.0% or littler surperficial mist degree.
11. an anti-dazzling film, it comprises:
Be formed on lip-deep a plurality of diffusions unit; And
Wherein said anti-dazzling film has following optical property:
To becoming 5 ° of incident lights to 30 ° of angles with the surface normal direction on the described surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit thereon, intensity of reflected light is that 1/100 place has 6.0 ° to 28.0 ° angle overall with at relative intensity of reflected light peak; With
Have 0.02 or littler gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with the direct reflection direction of described incident light, described gain obtains as 1 normalization intensity of reflected light by the direct reflection intensity of use standard diffusing panel,
The mean gap that has 50 to 300 microns between the wherein said diffusion unit.
12. an anti-dazzling film, it comprises:
Be formed on lip-deep a plurality of diffusions unit; And
Wherein said anti-dazzling film has following optical property:
To becoming 5 ° of incident lights to 30 ° of angles with the surface normal direction on the described surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit thereon, intensity of reflected light is that 1/1000 place has 10.0 ° to 45.0 ° angle overall with at relative intensity of reflected light peak; With
Have 0.02 or littler gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with the direct reflection direction of described incident light, described gain obtains as 1 normalization intensity of reflected light by the direct reflection intensity of use standard diffusing panel,
The mean gap that has 50 to 300 microns between the wherein said diffusion unit.
13. a method of making anti-dazzling film, described method comprises the steps:
By shape transferred thereon method, sand-blast, laser beam machining, wet etch method or Benard cell forming method, in the surface of described anti-dazzling film, form fine concaveconvex shape, thereby form a plurality of diffusions unit in its surface,
Wherein said anti-dazzling film has following optical property:
I greater than 0.1 to 0.6 (α+1)/I (α) ratio, wherein I (α) on the described surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit on it along the catoptrical intensity of the direction reflection that becomes 10 ° of following any angle with the first direct reflection direction of incident light, the first direct reflection direction of described incident light becomes 5 ° to 30 ° angles with described normal to a surface direction, and I (α+1) is for departing from the intensity of the reflection ray of 1 ° of described any angle at large angle side, and
Have 0.02 or littler gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with described incident light direct reflection direction, described gain obtains as 1 normalization intensity of reflected light by the direct reflection intensity of use standard diffusing panel, and
The mean gap that has 50 to 300 microns between the wherein said diffusion unit.
14. the method for claim 13 wherein adopts described shape transferred thereon method to form described micro concavo-convex shape and comprises the steps:
Resin is sent into mould; With
Solidify the resin of sending into described mould, and cured resin is deviate from from described mould.
15. the method for claim 14, wherein said micro concavo-convex shape forms step and also comprised the steps: before resin is sent into the step of mould, forms the micro concavo-convex shape by sandblast, wet etching or laser beam machining method in described mould.
16. the method for claim 13 wherein adopts the Benard cell forming method to form described micro concavo-convex shape and comprises the steps:
The application composition that will comprise particulate, resin and solvent is applied to substrate;
The dry application composition of being used to be causing convection current in described application composition, thereby makes described particles agglomerate by convection current; With
Solidify dry application composition.
17. the method for claim 16 wherein in the step of the dry application composition of being used, forms Benard cell by convection current.
18. a method of making anti-dazzling film, it comprises the steps:
By shape transferred thereon method, sand-blast, laser beam machining, wet etch method or Benard cell forming method, in the surface of described anti-dazzling film, form fine concaveconvex shape, thereby form a plurality of diffusions unit in its surface, and
Wherein said anti-dazzling film has following optical property:
To becoming 5 ° of incident lights to 30 ° of angles with the surface normal direction on the described surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit thereon, intensity of reflected light is that 1/100 place has 6.0 ° to 28.0 ° angle overall with at relative intensity of reflected light peak; With
Have 0.02 or littler gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with the direct reflection direction of described incident light, described gain obtains as 1 normalization intensity of reflected light by the direct reflection intensity of use standard diffusing panel,
The mean gap that has 50 to 300 microns between the wherein said diffusion unit.
19. a method of making anti-dazzling film, it comprises the steps:
By shape transferred thereon method, sand-blast, laser beam machining method, wet etch method or Benard cell forming method, in the surface of described anti-dazzle thin-membrane, form fine concaveconvex shape, thereby form a plurality of diffusions unit in its surface,
Wherein said anti-dazzling film has following optical property:
To becoming 5 ° of incident lights to 30 ° of angles with the surface normal direction on the described surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit thereon, intensity of reflected light is that 1/1000 place has 10.0 ° to 45.0 ° angle overall with at relative intensity of reflected light peak; With
Have 0.02 or littler gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with the direct reflection direction of described incident light, described gain obtains as 1 normalization intensity of reflected light by the direct reflection intensity of use standard diffusing panel,
The mean gap that has 50 to 300 microns between the wherein said diffusion unit.
20. a display device, it comprises:
The display part that is used for display image; With
Be formed on the anti-dazzling film on the display surface of described display part,
Wherein said anti-dazzling film has a plurality of diffusions unit in its surface, and has following optical property:
I greater than 0.1 to 0.6 (α+1)/I (α) ratio,
Wherein I (α) on the described surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit on it along the catoptrical intensity of the direction reflection that becomes 10 ° of following any angle with incident light direct reflection direction, described incident light becomes 5 ° to 30 ° angles with described normal to a surface direction, and I (α+1) is for departing from the catoptrical intensity of 1 ° of described any angle at large angle side, and
Have 0.02 or littler gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with the direct reflection direction of described incident light, described gain obtains as 1 normalization reflection ray intensity by the direct reflection intensity of use standard diffusing panel, and
The mean gap that has 50 to 300 microns between the wherein said diffusion unit.
21. a display device, it comprises:
The display part that is used for display image; With
Be formed on the anti-dazzling film on the display surface of described display part,
Wherein said anti-dazzling film has a plurality of diffusions unit in its surface, and has following optical property:
To becoming 5 ° of incident lights to 30 ° of angles with the surface normal direction on the described surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit thereon, intensity of reflected light is that 1/100 place has 6.0 ° to 28.0 ° angle overall with at relative intensity of reflected light peak; With
Have 0.02 or littler gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with the direct reflection direction of described incident light, described gain obtains as 1 normalization intensity of reflected light by the direct reflection intensity of use standard diffusing panel,
The mean gap that has 50 to 300 microns between the wherein said diffusion unit.
22. a display device, it comprises:
The display part that is used for display image; With
Be formed on the anti-dazzling film on the display surface of described display part,
Wherein said anti-dazzling film has a plurality of diffusions unit in its surface, and has following optical property:
To becoming 5 ° of incident lights to 30 ° of angles with the surface normal direction on the described surface that has a plurality of diffusions unit thereon, intensity of reflected light is that 1/1000 place has 10.0 ° to 45.0 ° angle overall with at relative intensity of reflected light peak; With
Have 0.02 or littler gain along the light that becomes 20 ° or the more direction reflection of wide-angle with the direct reflection direction of described incident light, described gain obtains as 1 normalization intensity of reflected light by the direct reflection intensity of use standard diffusing panel,
The mean gap that has 50 to 300 microns between the wherein said diffusion unit.
CN2008102103168A 2007-02-14 2008-02-14 Anti-glare film, method for manufacturing the same, and display device using the same Expired - Fee Related CN101354454B (en)

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