CN101311062A - 自行车曲拐组件及组装工具 - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
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- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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- F16C35/07—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
一种自行车轴拐臂装置包括:一个具有一个第一端部和一个第二端部的轴,其中第一端部有一个外周面和一个螺纹内周面;一个轴螺栓具有一个拧入轴的第一端部的螺纹内周面内的螺纹外周面;一个曲拐臂具有一个轴安装凸台,其内定义了一个接收轴的第一端部的开口,其中该轴安装凸台包括一个绕轴的第一端部紧固该曲拐臂的安装凸台的第一紧固件;其中该曲拐臂凸台轴向向轴螺栓内定位。
Description
本申请是申请日为2003年3月7日、发明名称为“自行车曲拐组件及组装工具”的中国专利申请No.200510079590.2的分案申请。
技术领域
相关申请的参照
本发明是审查中的第10/002256号,2001年11月23日申请的、名称为“一个自行车底架的密封组件”的美国专利申请的系列申请。
本发明涉及自行车,尤其是一种自行车曲拐组件及用于组装该自行车曲拐组件的部件和工具。
背景技术
自行车的底架是用于可转动地安装踏板于自行车上的自行车车架的一个圆筒管部。踏板组件通常包括左、右曲拐臂,每个曲拐臂包括固定于其一端的踏板。每个曲拐臂的另一端固定到一个经该底架延伸的轴上。在该底架的用于可转动地支撑该轴的每一侧,一个轴承组件布置在该轴和底架间,并且通常一个或多个前链轮固定到驱动自行车链条的右侧曲拐上。
前链轮必需恰当地对准固定于后轮的后链轮,以便自行车恰当地工作。因此,轴必须在底架内恰当地定位。在一个公知的调节该轴的横向位置的技术中,轴通过安装在一个管状件的相对端的轴承组件,可转动地居中,横向地固定于该管状件内。然后放置轴和管状件于底架内。具有螺纹外周面的转换器件在该管状件的相对侧上,螺固于该底架的螺纹内周面内,这样轴的横向位置由转换器件拧入底架的多少决定。不幸地,由于转换器件必须是足够的长,这样才能容纳轴的许多不同的横向位置,通常每个转换器件的螺纹外周面的一部分是暴露的,并且这常常导致生锈和螺纹的灰尘污染。同样,由于轴经轴承组件固定于该管状件,轴、管状件和轴承件通常必须整体更换。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种自行车曲拐,其中轴的横向位置可以调节,而没有现有技术的轴组件的一个或多个缺点。
本发明提供了一种自行车曲拐臂装置,包括:轴,其包括具有外周面的轴体,所述轴体的第一端部包括多个在其外周面上圆周布置的第一花键以及从所述第一花键径向向外延伸的凸缘,所述轴体的第二端部包括多个在其外周面上沿圆周布置的第二花键以及螺纹内周面,其中所述在第二端部上的多个第二花键不相对于所述轴体的外周面径向向外地延伸;第一曲拐臂,具有一轴安装凸台,所述轴安装凸台限定一花键齿内周面,用于接纳所述轴的第一端部;第二曲拐臂,具有一轴安装凸台,所述轴安装凸台限定一花键齿内周面,用于接纳所述轴的第二端部,其中所述多个第二花键穿过第一曲拐臂的轴安装凸台并且啮合所述第二曲拐臂的轴安装凸台;以及轴螺栓,具有可拧到所述轴的第二端部的螺纹内周面中的一螺纹外周面,并且一凸缘从所述螺纹外周面径向向外地延伸以抵靠在第二曲拐臂的轴安装凸台的一横向外侧面上,该横向外侧面定位在所述轴螺栓的凸缘的径向内部,其中,所述轴体的所述凸缘被设置在所述第一端部的终端;第一端部上的所述多个第一花键相对于所述外周面径向向外地突出以啮合第一曲拐臂的轴安装凸台,从而当所述轴螺栓被拧入所述轴的所述第二端部中时,所述曲拐臂和所述轴相对于彼此横向定位。
附图说明
图1是一个包括根据本发明的一个曲拐组件的一个特定实施例的自行车的侧视图。
图2是根据本发明的一个曲拐组件的一个特定实施例的后视横截面图。
图3是图2所示的曲拐组件的分解图。
图4是图2所示的曲拐组件的更详细的分解图。
图5是图4中的套筒的一个备选实施例的横截面图。
图6是根据本发明的一个左侧曲拐臂的一个特定实施例的斜视图。
图7是图6所示的曲拐臂的外部图。
图8是一个轴螺栓和一个安装该螺栓于轴上的工具的特定实施例的斜视图。
图9是图8所示的轴螺栓的侧视图。
图10是图8所示的工具的侧视图。
具体实施方式
图1是一个自行车10的侧视图,该自行车10装有根据本发明的一个曲拐组件的一个特定实施例。自行车10可以是任一种自行车,在本实施例中,自行车10包括一个典型的车架18,包括一个顶管22、一个头管24、一个从头管24向下延伸的下管26、一个支撑一个椅座32、并从顶管22向下延伸的座管30、一个处于下管26和座管30连接处的底架33(图3)、一对从顶管22向后和向下延伸的椅座撑管34、和一对从底架33向外延伸的链条撑管38。一个叉形件42可转动地支撑在头管24内,一个前轴46可转动地支撑叉形件42的下端部。转向手把50以一种公知的方式控制42形件42和前轮46的转向。一个具有多个同轴安装的后(自由轮)链轮56的后轮54转动地支撑在椅座撑管34和链条撑管38的连接处。一个支撑多个前链轮62的踏板组件58可转动地支撑在底架33内。踏板组件58包括一个轴59、一个固定于轴59右端的右侧曲拐臂60A、一个固定于轴59左端的左侧曲拐臂60B、和分别可转动地固定于轴拐臂60A和60B的端部的踏板61A和61B。一般,两个或三个前链轮62与右侧曲拐臂60A同轴地、一体地转动。一个链条66啮合多个前链轮62的一个,和多个后链轮56的一个。根据骑车人以一种公知方式的换档命令,一个前变速器70使链条66从一个前链轮62移向另一个,一个后变速器74使链条66从一个后链轮56移向另一个。
图2是根据本发明的一个底架组件100的一个特定实施例的后视横截面图,图3是底架组件100的分解图。如那些附图所示,底架组件100包括底架33、一个处于底架33内,其两个相对端有环形槽108和112的防尘管104、分别安装在环形槽108和112内的O形密封圈116和120、和安装到底架33和防尘管104端部的转换器组件124A和124B。转换器组件124A和124B部分地用于横向地定位轴59于底架33内,以便前链轮62能适当地对准后链轮56。这样的定位允许前后变速器70和74以满意的方式操纵链条66。
更清楚地如图3和图4所示,在本发明的转换器组件124A包括一个转换器件130A、一个轴承环134A、一个轴承单元138A、一个密封圈142A、一个密封护罩146a、一个O形圈150A、两个环形垫片154A和两个软的氨基甲酸乙酯环形垫片盖158A,其中如图2所示,该盖158A绕垫片154A的外周面安装。类似地,如图3所示,转换器件124B包括一个转换器件130B、一个轴承环134B形式的套筒、一个轴承单元138B、一个密封圈142B、一个密封护罩146B、一个O形密封圈150B、一个环形垫片154B、和一个软的氨基甲酸乙酯环形垫片盖158B,其中,该盖158B绕垫片154B的外周面安装。如图2所示,垫片154at 154B有助于设定轴59的横向位置。在本实施例中,在底架组件100的右侧上有两个垫片154A,在底架组的左侧上只有一个垫片。因此,轴59、曲拐臂60A和60B和链轮62相对底架33稍微向右移动。
转换器组件124A和124B的构造除垫片的数量外是相同的,它们以相同的方式工作,因此,只详细说明转换器组件124A的组件的细节。如图4更加清楚地图示的,转换器件130A包括一个具有一个螺纹外周面166A和一个加厚的内部170A的直径较小管部162A,一个径向向外延伸的侧壁174A,和一个具有一个内周面182A和一个有一个工具啮合面190A的外周面186A的直径较大部178A。当转换器组件124A在装配状态时,较小直径部162A的螺纹外周面166A完全拧入底架33的一个螺纹内周面194A(图3),直到如图2所示,转换器件130A的侧壁174A顶到底架33的一个侧边198A。因此,在本实施例中,螺纹外周面166A没有暴露。
轴承环134A包括一个管状部200A和一个径向向外延伸的侧壁204A。当转换器组件124A在组装状态时,轴承环134A接触转换器件130A的较大直径部178A的内周面182A,并且侧壁204A顶着内周面182A上的一个邻接座208A。在本实施例中,轴承环134A由非金属如POM塑料制成。
在本实施例中,轴承单元138是一个常规的密封轴承单元,包括一个内轴承座圈212A、一个外轴承座圈216A、多个处于内轴承座圈212A和外轴承座圈216A间的球轴承220A、和环形侧盖224A。当转换器组件124A处于组装状态时,外座圈216A接触轴承环134A。由于轴承环134A由非金属材料制成,在这两个部件间产生的尖叫声和其它的不希望的噪音会被减少或消除。当然,轴承环134A可以由任何适于本申请的或出于成本原因的材料制成。
密封护罩146A起密封环142A和O形密封圈150A的支撑的作用,并且它包括一个环形基件230A、一个内管状件234A和一个外管状件238A。在本实施例中,密封护罩146A由一种如POM塑料的非金属材料制成。内管状件234A从基件230A的径向内侧面延伸,在本实施例中,从基件230A的径向最内边242A延伸,以形成一个径向内周面或内法兰246A。当转换器组件124A处于组装状态时,内法兰246A接触并支撑轴承单元138A的内轴承座圈212A。一个突起248A从内管状件234A的自由边249A径向向外延伸(在本实施例中大约是0.1mm),以锁定轴承单元138A于内管状件234A上。由于密封护罩146A由非金属材料制成,在这两个部件间产生的尖叫声和其它的不希望的噪音会被减少或消除。当然,密封护罩146A可以由任何适于本申请的或出于成本原因的材料制成。
外管状件238A从基件230A的一个径向外侧面延伸,在本实施例中,与远离基件230A的一个径向最外边250A,以形成一个径向外周面或外法兰254A。当转换器组件124A处于组装状态时,外法兰254A接触并支撑密封环142A和轴承单元138A的外轴承座圈216A。因此,轴承单元138A夹在内法兰246A和外法兰254A之间。尽管本实施例中,内管状件234A和外管状件238A从基件230A的同一侧延伸,但它们不需要非要这样做。
在本实施例中,密封环142A起一个外密封件的作用,通常是L形环形,包括一个基部258A和一个径向向外延伸的唇部262A,唇部262A和基部258A成锐角。基部258A接触并由外法兰254A支撑,唇部262A接触转换器件130A的内周面128A。当然,密封环142A可以有许多不同的形式,这些部件间不需是直接接触。O形密封圈150A起一个内密封件的作用,布置在基件230A的与内管状件234A相对的径向内法兰242A处。当转换器组件124A处于组装状态时,O形密封环150A接触轴59。相对现有技术的密封结构,密封环142A和O形密封圈150A的组合能更有利地阻止污染物进入包含轴承单元138A的空间。
图5是表示图4中的备选实施例的轴承环134A’的详细横截面图。对于轴承环134A,轴承环134A’包括一个管状部200A’和一个径向向外延伸的侧壁204A’。但是,在本实施例中,为了在转换器组件124A处于组装状态时,接触外轴承座圈216A,一个居中布置的套筒突起260A从管状部200A径向向内延伸。如果轴承单元138A因为某种原因如图5虚线所示倾斜,如由于制造缺陷或碰撞使底架弯曲,那么套管突起260A适应这样的倾斜。尽管本实施例中套筒突起260A是梯形的,但它可以是执行同一功能的球形或其它形状。
如图3所示,右侧曲拐臂60A包括一个曲拐臂体300、一个具有一内有一个螺纹内周面324的踏板安装开口320的踏板安装凸台316、和四个从轴安装凸台304径向向外延伸的四个链轮安装臂328。在本实施例中,每个链轮安装臂328具有三个用于安装三个前链轮的链轮安装开口328A、328B和328C。
如图6和7所示,左侧曲拐臂60B包括一个曲拐臂体330、一个具有一个内有一个花键齿内周面333的轴安装开332的轴安装凸台331、和一个具有一个内有一个螺纹内周面336的踏板安装开口335的踏板安装凸台334。在本实施例中,轴安装凸台311包括一个第一安装耳337,与一个第二安装耳338间隔开但接近。第一安装耳337包括一个无螺纹紧固件开口339和一个螺纹紧固件开口340,第二安装耳338包括一个无螺纹紧固件开口341和一个螺纹紧固件开口342。一个具有一个螺纹柄344和一个头348的曲拐臂螺栓343延伸,穿过第一安装耳337内的无螺纹紧固件开口339,拧入第二安装耳338内的螺纹开口342,这样头345紧靠第一安装耳337。类似地,一个具有一个螺纹柄347和一个头348的曲拐臂螺栓346延伸、穿过第二安装耳338内的无螺纹紧固件开口341,拧入第一安装耳337内的螺纹开口340内,这样头348紧靠第二安装耳338。如下所讨论的,为了夹住轴经轴59安装凸台331,曲拐臂螺栓343和346由此朝向彼此紧固于第一安装耳337和第二安装耳338。
轴59包括一个具有一个第一端部350和一个第二端部354的轴体348。第一端部350包括多个周向布置的花键齿358,其相对轴体348的一个外周面362径向向外突出,以如图2所示啮合曲拐臂60A的轴安装凸台308的花键齿内周面312。一个径向向外延伸的凸缘366布置在端部350的最外端,以紧靠曲拐臂60A的轴安装凸台308的横向外表面。轴59的第二端部354具有一个螺纹内周面(图2)和多个啮合曲拐臂60B的轴安装凸台331的花键齿内周面333的周向布置的花键齿370。在本实施例中,花键齿370没有相对于轴体348的外周面362径向向外延伸。第二端部354和轴体348由此能自由地穿过曲拐臂60A的曲拐轴安装凸台304内的开口308,和防尘管104和转换器组件124A和124B,这样轴59的第二端部354在曲拐臂60B的曲拐轴安装凸台331内的开口332内延伸,凸缘366紧靠曲拐臂60A的安装凸台304。
一个轴螺栓380拧入轴59的第二端部354的螺纹内周面内。如图2、3、8和9所示,轴螺栓380包括一个具有一个螺纹外周面388和一个定义有一个开口396的内周面392。多个花键齿400(如八个)周向地布置在螺栓体384的一端402的内周面392上,一个具有一个滚花的外周面408的凸缘404从螺栓体384的端部402径向向外延伸。在本实施例中,每个花键齿400包括一个邻接一个沟槽416的弓形凸起412。
如图8和10所示的工具450用于将轴螺栓380拧入轴59的第二端部354的螺纹内周面。工具体454包括一个花键齿部458和一个布置在花键齿部458和工具操纵件460间的台阶部459,其中台阶部459从花键齿部458径向向外延伸。花键齿部458包括多个(如八个)周向布置的花键齿,每个包括一个一个邻接一个花键沟槽460径向向外延伸的花键凸起459。工具操纵件460从工具体454的台阶部459径向向外延伸。在本实施例中,工具操纵件460是盘形,工具体从工具操纵件460的一个侧面470延伸。一个具有滚花的外周面478的握持边474布置在工具操纵件460的一个径向最外部处,这样握持边474从工具操纵件460的一个侧面478横向延伸。
为了将轴59组装到底架33上,防尘管104、O形密封圈116和120和转换器组件124A和124B被安装到底架33上。轴59穿过曲拐臂60A的曲拐轴安装凸台304内的开口308,和转换器组件124A和124B、防尘管104,这样轴59的第二端部354在曲拐臂60B的曲拐轴安装凸台331内的开口332内延伸,并且凸缘336紧靠曲拐臂60A的安装凸台304。然后利用工具450,通过啮合工具450的花键部458和轴螺栓38的花键400,并握和转动握持边474,直到曲拐臂60A、60B和垫片154A、154B间的间隙达到所需的数量,而将轴螺栓380拧入轴59的螺纹内周面。此后,螺检343和346被紧固,而曲拐臂60B的轴安装凸台331紧靠轴螺栓380的凸缘404,而设定曲拐臂60B的最终位置,和曲拐臂60A、60B和垫片154A、154B间的间隙。
尽管上面说明了本发明的不同的实施例,但可以在不脱离本发明的精神的范围下采用其它的变型。例如,可如希望的改变不同部件的尺寸、形状、位置和方位。彼此直接连接或接触的部件可以在其间有中间结构。一个元件的功能可以由两个等元件来完成。不需要在一个特定实施例中同时具有所有的全部优点。每个相对现有技术是独特的特征,单独或与其它特征组合也应被考虑为本申请人的更进一步发明的个别说明,包括由这样的特征具体化的结构化和/或功能化的概念。因此,本发明的范围不应限定为所公开的特定结构或初始明显所集中的一个特定结构或特征。
Claims (12)
1、一种自行车曲拐臂装置,包括:
一轴(59),其包括具有外周面(362)的轴体(348),所述轴体(348)的第一端部(350)包括多个在其外周面上圆周布置的第一花键(358)以及从所述第一花键(358)径向向外延伸的凸缘(366),所述轴体(348)的第二端部(354)包括多个在其外周面上沿圆周布置的第二花键(370)以及一螺纹内周面(368),其中所述在第二端部(354)上的多个第二花键(370)不相对于所述轴体(348)的外周面(362)径向向外地延伸;
第一曲拐臂(60A),具有一轴安装凸台(308),所述轴安装凸台(308)限定一花键齿内周面(312),用于接纳所述轴(59)的第一端部(350);
第二曲拐臂(60B),具有一轴安装凸台(331),所述轴安装凸台(331)限定一花键齿内周面(333),用于接纳所述轴(59)的第二端部(354),其中所述多个第二花键(370)穿过第一曲拐臂(60A)的轴安装凸台(308)并且啮合所述第二曲拐臂(60B)的轴安装凸台(331);以及
轴螺栓(380),具有可拧到所述轴(59)的第二端部(354)的螺纹内周面(368)中的一螺纹外周面(388),并且一凸缘(404)从所述螺纹外周面径向向外地延伸以抵靠在第二曲拐臂(60B)的轴安装凸台(331)的一横向外侧面上,该横向外侧面定位在所述轴螺栓(380)的凸缘(404)的径向内部,
其特征在于,所述轴体(348)的所述凸缘(366)被设置在所述第一端部(350)的终端;第一端部(350)上的所述多个第一花键(358)相对于所述外周面(362)径向向外地突出以啮合第一曲拐臂(60A)的轴安装凸台(308),从而当所述轴螺栓(380)被拧入所述轴的所述第二端部(354)中时,所述曲拐臂(60A,60B)和所述轴(59)相对于彼此横向定位。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述多个第一花键(358)被设置在所述轴体(348)的凸缘(366)的轴向内部。
3.根据权利要求2所述的装置,其中,所述多个第一花键(358)接近所述轴体(348)的凸缘(366)设置。
4.根据权利要求3所述的装置,其中,所述多个第一花键(358)紧邻所述轴体(348)的凸缘(366)设置。
5.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述多个第二花键(370)不从所述轴体(348)的外周面(362)径向向外地延伸,其中所述外周面(362)位于所述多个第二花键(370)的轴向内部。
6.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述多个第一花键(358)位于所述轴体(348)的第一端部(350);并且所述多个第二花键(370)位于所述轴体(348)的第二端部(354)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的装置,其中,所述多个第一花键(358)位于所述轴体(348)的凸缘(366)的轴向内部。
8.根据权利要求7所述的装置,其中,所述多个第一花键(358)接近所述轴体(348)的凸缘(366)设置。
9.根据权利要求8所述的装置,其中,所述多个第二花键(370)不从所述轴体(348)的外周面(362)径向向外地延伸,其中所述外周面(362)位于所述多个第二花键(370)的轴向内部。
10.根据权利要求1或8所述的装置,其中,所述轴体(348)的凸缘(366)沿着所述轴体(348)周向地延伸。
11.根据权利要求10所述的装置,其中,所述轴体(348)的凸缘(366)整个地围绕所述轴体(348)延伸。
12.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述第一曲拐臂(60A)包括一曲拐臂体(300),该曲拐臂体(300)的第一端具有所述轴安装凸台(304)并且第二端具有一踏板安装凸台(316)。
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- 2003-03-06 JP JP2003059744A patent/JP3869376B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-03-07 AT AT04024187T patent/ATE318233T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2003-03-07 EP EP14165350.1A patent/EP2918488A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-03-07 DE DE60300899T patent/DE60300899T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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