CN101309396A - Emergency cooperative monitoring system for dangerous chemical leakage accident and method thereof - Google Patents
Emergency cooperative monitoring system for dangerous chemical leakage accident and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an emergency interlocking monitoring system and a method thereof for a dangerous chemicals leakage accident, which belong to the technical field of the dangerous chemicals accident emergency rescue. The emergency interlocking monitoring system comprises an explosion-proof wireless gas concentration monitoring subsystem and an explosion-proof individual wireless video transmission subsystem arranged around the site where the leakage accident occurs; an emergency command host computer arranged at a site emergency command center, a video server and a wireless receiving module. The method mainly comprises the steps that wind direction, speed, concentration of leaked gas and video pictures on the site of each monitoring point are collected in real time, and the emergency command host computer receives and displays information, and provides site emergency treatment measures; the accident casualty radius is calculated according to aftermath, and the evacuation region of the people is determined; emergency rescue force and rescue facilities around the accident site are displayed on a GIS system, and the optimum evacuation path for the people is searched and displayed on an electronic map. The emergency interlocking monitoring system and the method can reduce the accident damage, and better guarantee the life safety and the property security of the people.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of dangerous chemical accident emergency rescue, and particularly relates to a method for acquiring wind direction, wind speed, leaked gas concentration, GPS information and video information of a dangerous chemical leakage accident site, performing comprehensive analysis and consequence calculation on the accident scene according to the information and GIS information around the site, and determining the evacuation range and evacuation path of people so as to provide auxiliary decision information for accident emergency rescue.
Technical Field
With the development of the petrochemical industry, the kinds and application range of flammable, explosive and toxic gases have increased. Once the gas leaks in the production, transportation and use processes, poisoning, fire and even explosion accidents can be caused, and the life and property safety of people can be seriously harmed. Due to the diffusibility of the gas, after leakage occurs, the gas can be diffused along the ground surface under the action of external wind force and internal concentration gradient, a combustion explosion or toxic hazard area is formed around the accident site, and the hazard area is enlarged. After a gas leakage accident occurs, accident treatment is carried out on the aspects of monitoring wind direction, wind speed and leaked gas concentration on site, determining a warning area, evacuating people in an organization dangerous area, rescuing poisoning personnel, stopping leakage, decontaminating and the like. Therefore, the first step of emergency rescue is to rapidly deploy portable emergency environment monitoring and video monitoring equipment on the site, establish a temporary command center in a safe area to collect wind direction, wind speed, concentration of leaked gas and video images on the site of a plurality of monitoring points, perform comprehensive analysis and accident consequence calculation on the information by using leakage accident assistant decision-making software, determine personnel evacuation range and evacuation path, and provide decision support for emergency rescue of accidents.
Due to the diversity of flammable, explosive and toxic gases, emergency environment monitoring equipment is required to be capable of detecting flammable gases and common toxic gases. Monitoring equipment disposed on site is also required to meet explosion-proof requirements if flammable and explosive gases leak. At present, most of existing portable emergency environment monitoring equipment for monitoring wind direction and wind speed and gas concentration of an accident site can only detect single gas, and composite detection equipment for monitoring wind direction and wind speed and concentration of common toxic gas of the accident site with leaked hazardous chemicals is basically in a blank state and does not meet the site explosion-proof requirement. The existing emergency video transmission equipment is mature in technology, but the explosion-proof requirement of a leakage accident site is not considered mostly. Therefore, the existing portable emergency monitoring equipment is not suitable for emergency rescue occasions of inflammable and explosive gas leakage accidents. In addition, an assistant decision-making system for comprehensively analyzing and processing the dangerous chemical leakage accident site information, calculating the accident influence range and determining the personnel evacuation range and the evacuation path is also in a blank state in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an auxiliary decision command system and an auxiliary decision command method for emergency rescue in dangerous chemical leakage accident sites.
The invention provides an emergency linkage monitoring system for dangerous chemical leakage accidents, which is characterized by comprising the following components: the system comprises an explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmission subsystem consisting of a plurality of explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmitting devices and a plurality of explosion-proof type individual wireless video receiving devices which realize wireless communication with the transmitting devices, an explosion-proof type wireless gas concentration monitoring subsystem consisting of a plurality of explosion-proof type wireless gas detectors and wireless receiving modules which realize wireless communication with the detectors, an emergency command host and a video server; the system comprises a plurality of explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmitting devices, a plurality of explosion-proof type wireless gas detectors, a plurality of communication terminals and a plurality of communication terminals, wherein the explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmitting devices and the explosion-proof type wireless gas detectors are arranged on the periphery of a leakage accident site; the anti-explosion type individual wireless video receiving equipment and the wireless receiving module are arranged in an emergency command center on site; the plurality of explosion-proof type individual wireless video receiving devices are connected with the video server, and the emergency command host is respectively connected with the wireless receiving module and the video server.
The invention provides an emergency linkage monitoring method for dangerous chemical leakage accidents by adopting the system, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) collecting wind direction, wind speed, leaked gas concentration and field video images of dangerous chemical leakage accident sites in real time:
the explosion-proof type wireless gas detector collects wind direction and wind speed, gas concentration and GPS positioning information of each monitoring point on site, and the explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmitting equipment collects on-site video information and respectively transmits the on-site video information to an emergency command host of an on-site emergency command center in a wireless mode;
2) receiving, storing, processing and displaying the field information:
the emergency command host receives the field wind direction, wind speed, leaked gas concentration and GPS positioning information and stores the information into a real-time database;
the emergency command host displays, calculates and analyzes the wind direction, the wind speed and the leaked gas concentration of each monitoring point by using configuration software, determines the average wind direction and the wind speed of the site and the name of the leaked hazardous chemical, and obtains site emergency treatment measures such as decontamination, leakage stoppage and the like of the leaked hazardous chemical by inquiring an MSDS (Mobile data System) database of the hazardous chemical;
the emergency command host respectively displays the average wind direction and wind speed information of the accident site, the configuration picture of the gas concentration information, the MSDS information of the leaked chemicals, the emergency disposal measures and the site video monitoring picture on 4 auxiliary display screens, and runs and displays the GIS system picture on the main display screen.
3) According to the wind direction, the wind speed, the concentration of leaked gas and GPS information of each monitoring point, utilizing a three-layer MLP neural network based on a BP algorithm after training to reversely calculate the intensity of a leakage source;
4) calculating and simulating a gas diffusion concentration field changing along with time based on the position of the monitoring sensor, the instantaneous meteorological condition, the leakage source intensity and a Gaussian classical diffusion model; determining the type of accident possibly caused according to the properties of leaked dangerous chemicals, calculating the casualty radius of the accident in real time according to a gas diffusion concentration field and a leaked gas accident consequence model, and displaying the accident hazard influence range on a GIS map so as to determine the evacuation range of people;
5) according to GPS position information of the on-site explosion-proof wireless gas detector, emergency rescue force and emergency rescue facilities around the accident are displayed on a GIS map, and the optimal evacuation path of people is searched and displayed on an electronic map by combining the GIS information around the accident site, so that a decision basis is provided for emergency rescue command.
The invention has the characteristics and effects that:
the invention aims to solve the problems existing in the emergency rescue process of the dangerous chemical leakage accident at present, and provides an emergency linkage monitoring system and method for the dangerous chemical leakage accident, which are used for realizing the real-time monitoring of wind direction and speed, leakage gas concentration, GPS information and field video images of the dangerous chemical leakage accident field; determining the intensity of a leakage source according to the concentration of the leaked gas, the wind direction and the wind speed of the accident site, the position information of each monitoring point and a high-level back calculation model of the leakage source intensity; according to the properties of leaked dangerous chemicals and the strength of a leakage source, accident consequence calculation is carried out, an accident hazard influence range and emergency rescue force and emergency rescue facilities around an accident scene are displayed on a GIS map, and auxiliary decision support is provided for scientifically defining accident warning and personnel evacuation range; the method is characterized in that the GIS information around the accident site is combined, the optimal evacuation path of people is searched and displayed on the electronic map, and the method plays an important role in improving the emergency rescue command efficiency of the accident and controlling the accident loss.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the system architecture of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the general structure of the explosion-proof wireless gas detector.
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of an explosion-proof wireless gas detector; wherein,
(a) a 5V power supply conversion circuit diagram;
(b) a 3.3V power supply conversion circuit diagram;
(c) is a peripheral circuit diagram of the singlechip;
(d) six kinds of gas sensor signal conversion circuit.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating operation of an embodiment of an explosion-proof wireless gas detector.
Fig. 5 is an external view of the emergency commander host, in which,
(a) the appearance of the emergency command host when the four auxiliary display screens are folded.
(b) The appearance of the emergency command host when the four auxiliary display screens are unfolded.
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The emergency linkage monitoring system and method for dangerous chemical leakage accidents provided by the invention are described in detail in the following steps in combination with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:
the invention discloses an emergency linkage monitoring system for dangerous chemical leakage accidents, which has the general structure as shown in figure 1: the system comprises: the system comprises an explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmission subsystem consisting of a plurality of explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmitting devices and a plurality of explosion-proof type individual wireless video receiving devices which realize wireless communication with the transmitting devices, an explosion-proof type wireless gas concentration monitoring subsystem consisting of a plurality of explosion-proof type wireless gas detectors (at most 16) and wireless receiving modules which realize wireless communication with the detectors, an emergency command host and a video server; the system comprises a plurality of explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmitting devices, a plurality of explosion-proof type wireless gas detectors, a plurality of communication terminals and a plurality of communication terminals, wherein the explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmitting devices and the explosion-proof type wireless gas detectors are arranged on the periphery of a leakage accident site; the anti-explosion type individual wireless video receiving equipment and the wireless receiving module are arranged in an emergency command center on site; the plurality of explosion-proof type individual wireless video receiving devices are connected with the video server, and the emergency command host is respectively connected with the wireless receiving module and the video server.
The explosion-proof wireless gas detector of the explosion-proof wireless gas concentration monitoring subsystem of the system collects wind direction and wind speed, gas concentration and GPS positioning information of each monitoring point on site, uses accurate time service information acquired by a GPS module as a sending time base, determines an information sending time slot according to a data sending period and an ID number of the detector, and sends the collected information to an on-site emergency command center through a wireless receiving module to realize the synchronization of information sending of each detector.
The anti-explosion type individual wireless video transmitting equipment of the anti-explosion type individual wireless video transmission subsystem encodes images by adopting a COFDM modulation technology, and each group of anti-explosion type individual wireless video transmitting equipment and individual wireless video receiving equipment completes the acquisition, transmission and reception of one path of field images; the explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmission subsystem transmits the field video to the wireless video receiving equipment of the emergency command center through the field wireless video acquisition equipment.
The device embodiments of each part of the system are respectively explained as follows:
each explosion-proof wireless gas detector has a composition structure as shown in FIG. 2, and mainly comprises a wind direction and speed sensor, 6 gas concentration sensors (LEL, NH)3、CL2、H2S、HCL、SO2) And the amplifying circuit, the singlechip and the clock circuit, the GPS module, the wireless sending module, the ID setting switch, the power supply and power supply switching circuit, the transmitting antenna and the GPS antenna, and the connection relationship is as follows: the output ends of the 6 gas sensors are connected with the input end of an amplifying circuit of the 6 gas sensors, the output end of each amplifying circuit is connected with an AD conversion interface of the single chip microcomputer, the wind speed and wind direction output ports of the wind speed and wind direction sensors are respectively connected with PB and PC ports of the single chip microcomputer, the GPS module, the wireless sending module and the power supply conversion circuit are all connected with the single chip microcomputer, and the power supply is connected with the power supply conversion circuit(ii) a The singlechip peripheral circuit includes: wind speed detection circuit, wind direction detection circuit, GPS module circuit, ID set up circuit, singlechip crystal oscillator circuit, AD conversion reference voltage circuit, wherein, wind speed detection circuit with air velocity transducer links to each other, wind direction detection circuit with wind direction transducer links to each other, and GPS module circuit links to each other with the GPS module, and ID set up the circuit and link to each other with ID setting switch.
The power supply adopts a 12V battery, and the power supply conversion circuit is connected with the power supply output end and converts the power supply output end into a 5V power supply and a 3.3V power supply; the single chip microcomputer and a clock circuit thereof are connected with a 5V power supply, the GPS module is connected with a 3.3V power supply, and the wireless sending module, the sensor and an amplifying circuit thereof are connected with 12V.
The explosion-proof wireless gas detector collects wind direction and wind speed, gas concentration and GPS positioning information of each monitoring point on site, uses accurate time service information acquired by a GPS module as a sending time base, determines an information sending time slot according to a data sending period and an ID number of the explosion-proof wireless gas detector, and sends the collected information to an on-site emergency command center to realize the synchronization of information sending of each detector.
In this embodiment, except for the gas sensor, the transmitting antenna and the GPS antenna, other components are arranged in the explosion-proof body, the gas sensor, the transmitting antenna and the GPS antenna are connected with an internal circuit of the explosion-proof body through an explosion-proof interface, and the explosion-proof grade is designed to be ExdIIBT 4. The various component embodiments are as follows:
power supply: the method adopts a 12V nickel-hydrogen rechargeable battery manufactured by Weizhida photoelectric technology Limited, Shenzhen, and has the main technical parameters: voltage, 12V; capacity, 10000 mAh; volume, 2.5 "Hx2.5" Wx6.3 "L; weight, 3.5 Lb; the wireless transmitting module, the sensor and the amplifying circuit thereof adopt 12V power supply;
the power conversion circuit of this embodiment is composed of a 3.3V power conversion circuit and a 5V power conversion circuit, wherein the 5V power conversion circuit adopts a 7805 chip, a 12V power voltage stabilization and filtering circuit unit connected to an input terminal of the 7805 chip, and a +5V signal filtering circuit unit connected to an output terminal of the 7805 chip as shown in fig. 3(a), and the 7805 chip converts a 12V voltage of a total power supply into a 5V voltage to supply power to the single chip microcomputer; the power supply voltage-stabilizing and filtering circuit unit consists of a diode D1, a fuse D2, an inductor L1 and a capacitor (C1, C2 and C3) which are connected in sequence, and is used for stabilizing and filtering a 12V signal and then sending the signal to a 7805 chip for conversion; the +5V signal filtering circuit unit consists of capacitors (C4 and C5), a resistor R2, an LED (D3), an inductor L2 and capacitors (C6 and C7) which are connected in sequence, and is used for filtering a +5V signal output by a 7805 chip; the singlechip and the clock circuit thereof adopt a 5V power supply for power supply;
a 3.3V power conversion circuit, as shown in fig. 3(b), which is composed of a 3002 chip and capacitors C41 and C42 connected to the output terminal thereof; the conversion circuit converts the 5V voltage into 3.3V voltage to supply power for the GPS module; the 3002 chip converts an input +5V signal into a 3.3V signal, and a circuit consisting of capacitors C41 and C42 at an output end OUT filters the 3.3V signal output by the 3002 chip; the GPS module adopts a 3.3V power supply for power supply;
wind direction and wind speed sensor: in the embodiment, an EC-9X (S) wind speed and direction sensor of the sunlight of Jinzhou Liaoning is adopted, and the main technical parameters are as follows: operating voltage, DC 12V; starting the wind speed to be less than or equal to 0.4 m/s; wind speed output signal form, pulse (frequency) signal; wind speed accuracy, ± (0.3+0.03V) m/s; the wind speed measurement range is 0-70 m/s; the wind direction measurement range is 0-360 degrees; wind direction measurement accuracy, ± 3 °; a wind direction output signal form, seven-bit gray code;
six kinds of gas sensors (LEL, NH) of the present embodiment3、CL2、H2S、HCL、SO2): the method adopts a membrapor electrochemical gas sensor of Shenzhen Fuanda Intelligent science and technology Limited, the sensors are in a two-wire system, and are connected with a 12V direct current power supply; the main technical parameters of the sensor are as follows:
an LEL sensor: 0-100% LEL; LEL measurement accuracy, ± 1%;
NH3a sensor: the measurement range is 0-1000 ppm; maximum load, 2000 ppm; working life, 2 years in the air; outputting a signal: 25 +/-8 nA/ppm; resolution ratio: 4 ppm;
CL2, sensor: measurement range: 0 to 20 ppm; maximum load: 200 ppm; working life, 2 years in the air; output signal, -1000 ± 250 nA/ppm; resolution, 0.1 ppm;
H2an S sensor: the measurement range is 0-200 ppm; maximum load, 500 ppm; working life, 2 years in the air; output, 370 + -80 nA/ppm; resolution, 0.25 ppm;
HCL sensor: the measurement range is 0-20 ppm; working life, 2 years in the air; output signal, 450 + -150 nA/ppm; resolution ratio: 0.2 ppm;
SO2a sensor: the measurement range is 0-100 ppm; maximum load, 500 ppm; working life, 2 years in the air; output signal, 370 + -70 nA/ppm; resolution ratio: 0.5 ppm;
the gas sensor signal conversion circuit of the present embodiment converts the non-standard signals generated by the 6 gas concentration sensors into standard signals of 0 to 5V, and the output signals are connected to the AD port of the single chip microcomputer, as shown in fig. 3(d), which are respectively described as follows:
an LEL signal conversion circuit: the LEL sensor is composed of capacitors (C12 and C13), resistors (R4 and R5) and a 12V power supply, wherein the positive end of the LEL sensor is connected with the 12V power supply and one end of the capacitor (C12), and the other end of the capacitor (C12) is grounded; the negative end of the LEL sensor is connected with one end of a capacitor (C13) and one end of a resistor (R4), the other end of the capacitor (C13) is grounded, the other end of the resistor (R4) is connected with an AD0 port of the single chip microcomputer and one end of a resistor (R5), and the other end of the resistor (R5) is grounded;
NH3the signal conversion circuit: composed of capacitors (C14, C15), resistors (R6, R7) and a 12V power supply, wherein NH3The positive end of the sensor is connected with a 12V power supply and one end of a capacitor (C14), and the other end of the capacitor (C14) is grounded; NH (NH)3The negative end of the sensor is connected with one end of a capacitor (C15) and one end of a resistor (R6), the other end of the capacitor (C15) is grounded, the other end of the resistor (R6) is connected with an AD1 port of the single chip microcomputer and one end of a resistor (R7), and the other end of the resistor (R7) is grounded;
CL2the signal conversion circuit: composed of capacitors (C16, C17), resistors (R8, R9) and a 12V power supply, wherein CL is2The positive end of the sensor is connected with a 12V power supply and one end of a capacitor (C16), and the other end of the capacitor (C16) is grounded; CL2The negative end of the sensor is connected with one end of a capacitor (C17) and one end of a resistor (R8), the other end of the capacitor (C17) is grounded, the other end of the resistor (R8) is connected with an AD2 port of the single chip microcomputer and one end of a resistor (R9), and the other end of the resistor (R9) is grounded;
H2an S signal conversion circuit: consists of capacitors (C18, C19), resistors (R10, R11) and a 12V power supply, wherein H is2The positive end of the S sensor is connected with a 12V power supply and one end of a capacitor (C18), and the other end of the capacitor (C18) is grounded; h2The negative end of the S sensor is connected with one end of a capacitor (C19) and one end of a resistor (R10), the other end of the capacitor (C19) is grounded, the other end of the resistor (R10) is connected with an AD3 port of the single chip microcomputer and one end of a resistor (R11), and the other end of the resistor (R11) is grounded;
HCL signal conversion circuit: the HCL sensor is composed of capacitors (C20, C21), resistors (R12, R13) and a 12V power supply, wherein the positive end of the HCL sensor is connected with the 12V power supply and one end of the capacitor (C20), and the other end of the capacitor (C20) is grounded; the negative end of the HCL sensor is connected with one end of a capacitor (C21) and one end of a resistor (R12), the other end of the capacitor (C21) is grounded, the other end of the resistor (R12) is connected with an AD4 port of the single chip microcomputer and one end of a resistor (R13), and the other end of the resistor (R13) is grounded;
SO2the signal conversion circuit: consists of capacitors (C22, C23), resistors (R14, R15) and a 12V power supply, wherein SO2The positive end of the sensor is connected with a 12V power supply and one end of a capacitor (C22), and the other end of the capacitor (C22) is grounded; SO (SO)2The negative end of the sensor is connected with one end of a capacitor (C23) and one end of a resistor (R14), the other end of the capacitor (C23) is grounded, the other end of the resistor (R14) is connected with an AD5 port of the single chip microcomputer and one end of a resistor (R15), and the other end of the resistor (R15) is grounded;
a GPS module: the present embodiment adopts SkyNav GM25, and the main technical parameters are as follows: frequency, L1, 1575.42 MHz; C/A code, 1.023 MHz; channel, 12 Channels; tracking sensitivity, -160 dBm; capture sensitivity, -148 dBm; positioning accuracy, 10m @2 DRMS; data refresh rate, 1 Hz;
a wireless transmission module: in this embodiment, the HAC-HN data transmission module of shenzhen hua aotong communication technology limited is adopted, and the main technical parameters are as follows: operating voltage, 12V; the Baud rate is selected from 1200/2400/4800/9600/19200/38400 bps; frequency band, 433 MHz; the visual range is 6000m @2400bps, 3000m @19200 bps; output power, 37dBm (5 w); frequency stability, ± 2.5 PPM; network topology, point-to-point, point-to-multipoint;
ID setting switch: in this embodiment, a 4-bit DIP switch WT11-SMT-04 from the network electronics ltd in cixi city is adopted, the ID range can be set to 0 to 15, and the main technical parameters are as follows: operating force, maximum 1000 g; push button stroke: 2.0 mm; the life of the appliance, each switch tested under voltage 24VDC and current 25mA, could be toggled 2000 times.
The connection relationship between the singlechip and the peripheral circuit of the singlechip and each part is shown in fig. 3(c), which is respectively explained as follows:
a single chip microcomputer: for the core device of the invention, under the control of the core device, data sampling, encoding, sending and the like are completed, the embodiment adopts an AVR ATmega16 singlechip of Atmel company, and the main technical parameters are as follows: working voltage is 2.7-5.5V; data throughput rate, 1 MIPS/MHz; programmable Flash in the system, 16K bytes; EEPROM, 512 bytes; erase life 100000 times; an on-chip SRAM, 1K bytes; two 8-bit timers/counters with independent prescaler and comparator functions; a 16-bit timer/counter with prescaler, comparison function and capture function; an 8-way 10-bit ADC; two programmable serial USARTs; 6 sleep modes, namely an idle mode, an ADC noise suppression mode, a power saving mode, a power-down mode, a Standby mode and an extended Standby mode;
the wind speed detection circuit comprises: the power supply comprises an inductor L6, capacitors (C31, C32 and C50), a resistor R20 and a J11 interface, wherein one end of the inductor L6 is connected with a 5V power supply, the other end of the inductor L6 and one ends of the capacitors (C31 and C32) are connected to a node 2 of the J11 interface, and the other end of the capacitor C31 is grounded; the other end of the capacitor C32 is connected to the node 1 of the J11 interface, one end of the capacitor C50 is connected to the node 3 of the J11 interface through the resistor R20, and the other end of the capacitor C50 is grounded; the wind speed detection circuit is connected with the wind speed and direction sensor through a J11 interface and is connected with ports of the single chip microcomputer PB0 and PB 1;
wind direction detection circuit: the single-chip microcomputer is composed of resistors (R21-R28), capacitors (C28, C29, C33-C40), an inductor (L5) and a J10 interface, wherein one end of each resistor (R21-R28) and one end of each capacitor (C33-C40) are respectively connected with 19-26 ports of the single-chip microcomputer, the other end of each resistor (R21-R28) is connected with 1-8 nodes of the J10 interface, and the other end of each capacitor (C33-C40) is grounded; one ends of the capacitors (C28 and C29) and the inductor (L5) are connected with the 1 node of the J10 interface, the other ends of the capacitors (C28 and C29) are connected with the 9 ground node of the J10 interface, and the other end of the inductor (L5) is connected with a +5V power supply. The wind speed and direction sensor is connected with the wind speed detection circuit through a J10 interface;
singlechip crystal oscillator circuit: the single-chip microcomputer oscillator is composed of a crystal oscillator (X1, 7.3728MHz) and capacitors (C8, C9) connected to two ends of the crystal oscillator respectively, and is connected with the single-chip microcomputer through XTAL1 and XTAL2 ports to provide oscillation signals for the single-chip microcomputer;
AD conversion reference voltage circuit: the circuit consists of capacitors (C10, C11) and inductors (L3, L4), which are respectively connected with AREF, GND and AVCC ports of the singlechip, and the circuit provides reference voltage signals required by AD conversion;
wireless transmission module interface: the wireless transmitting module is connected with a PD2 port of the single chip microcomputer through a J12 interface (DB9 type serial port), and the single chip microcomputer transmits information to be transmitted to the wireless transmitting module through a PD2 port;
ISP online programming interface: j16 is an online programming interface, which is connected with PB 5-PB 7 and a RESET port of the singlechip to realize the downloading and online debugging of the singlechip program;
the GPS module circuit of this embodiment: the single-chip microcomputer power supply is characterized by comprising resistors (R29 and R30) and an interface (J13), wherein nodes 4 and 5 of the interface are connected with a 3.3V power supply, a node 1 is connected with ports PD0 and PD1 of the single-chip microcomputer through a resistor (R29) and is connected with the single-chip microcomputer, one end of the resistor (R30) is grounded, and the other end of the resistor (R30) is connected with the node 1; the GPS module is connected with the singlechip through an interface, and the circuit provides GPS positioning signals for the singlechip;
the ID setting circuit of the present embodiment: the detector comprises resistors (R33-R36), wherein one end of each resistor (R33-R36) is connected with a four-bit ID setting switch, the other end of each resistor is connected with the PD 2-PD 5 ports of the single chip microcomputer, and the ID number of the detector can be set through the circuit;
the working flow of the single chip microcomputer in this embodiment is shown in fig. 4, and includes the following steps:
(a) electrifying the singlechip, and initializing variables of a GPS module, a Flash, an SRAM, an EEPROM and a memory (the information number n is 0);
(b) waiting for the GPS module to position;
(c) judging whether the GPS signal is effective, if the GPS signal is effective, turning to (d), and if the GPS signal is ineffective, turning to (c);
(d) reading GPS data, and converting latitude, longitude, altitude and time information; correcting time parameters and synchronizing timing.
(e) Reading information of wind speed, wind direction and gas concentration; encoding the information;
(f) calculating the transmitting starting time, and waiting at fixed time; if the timing time is up, turning to (g);
(g) sending information, wherein the information count n is n + 1; if n is greater than 256, n is 0, go (3); if n < 256, go to (e).
The wireless receiving module of this embodiment adopts the HAC-HN data transmission module of shenzhen hua ao tong communication technology limited, and the main technical parameters are as follows: power supply, 12V; the Baud rate is selected from 1200/2400/4800/9600/19200/38400 bps; the visual range is 6000m @2400bps, 3000m @19200 bps; output power, 37dBm (5 w); frequency stability, ± 2.5 PPM; network topology, point-to-point, point-to-multipoint. The wireless receiving module receives various information from the explosion-proof wireless gas detector and transmits the information to the emergency command host.
The explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmitting equipment and the individual wireless video receiving equipment of the embodiment adopt an individual video transmission system of Shenzhen Keweitai actual development Limited company, and are composed of an individual explosion-proof transmitter and a receiver, the explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmitting equipment adopts a COFDM modulation technology to encode images, and each group of explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmitting equipment and individual wireless video receiving equipment completes the acquisition, transmission and reception of one path of field images; the explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmission subsystem transmits the field video to the wireless video receiving equipment of the emergency command center through the field wireless video acquisition equipment. Their main technical criteria are as follows:
the individual soldier explosion-proof transmitter of this embodiment:
modulation mode, COFDM; working frequency band, 340 MHz; image compression format, MPEG 2; channel bandwidth, 8 MHz; the transmission distance is 20-50 kilometers under the general condition, and 1-10 kilometers under the urban non-general condition (depending on the environment); the weight of the equipment, the total weight of the individual back frame and the battery (double backup) is 2.5 kg; explosion protection class, ExdIIBT 4; power supply, DC 12V. The individual explosion-proof transmitter realizes wireless transmission of field images.
A receiver:
video output, two-way (PAL/NTSC); working frequency band, 340 MHz; image compression format, MPEG 2; channel bandwidth, 8 MHz; video rate, 25 frames/S; receive sensitivity, -94 dBm; resolution, 720 × 576; communication interface, RJ45 interface. The receiver receives the video signal from the individual explosion-proof transmitter and transmits the video signal to the video server.
The video server of the embodiment adopts an 8-channel video server BJ-MP408 of shenzhen dynasty's rich electronics limited company, and has the main technical parameters: video input, 8-channel composite video input; image compression format, MPEG 2; video resolution, D1, CIF, FIELD, QCIF optional; video frame rate, 25 frames/second; a communication interface, a 10M/100M self-adaptive Ethernet port, an RS485/RS232 serial port and an RJ45 port; network protocol, TCP/IP. The video server collects and manages the multiple paths of video images transmitted in the scene.
The emergency command host of this embodiment is a five-screen portable computer with a foldable screen, as shown in fig. 5, it has 1 main display screen of 15 inches, 4 auxiliary display screens of 6.4 inches which can be folded and retracted, and abundant interface resources: 4 USB interfaces, 2 Ethernet ports, 1 external CD-ROM interface, 1 serial port and 1 parallel port; the main display screen is embedded on the host, the auxiliary display screens are 2 in one group and distributed on two sides of the main display screen, the 2 groups of auxiliary display screens are connected with the host through hinges, and the auxiliary display screens can rotate within the range of 0-180 degrees. The appearance of the four secondary display screens when being folded is shown in fig. 5(a), and the appearance of the emergency command host when the four secondary display screens are unfolded is shown in fig. 5 (b). Further comprising: the computer comprises a PCI main board supporting an integrated display card, an integrated network card and 4 USB ports, a CPU, a 4-split screen card, a memory, a hard disk, a network card, an optical drive, a power supply, a keyboard, a mouse and other conventional components of a computer, wherein 4VGA boards of 6.4 inch liquid crystal screens are respectively connected with the 4VGA ports of the 4-split screen card through 15-core coaxial cables, and the 15 inch liquid crystal screens are connected with the VGA ports of the main board integrated display card through 15-core coaxial cables; utilizing operating systems such as Widows98/2000/XP and the like to support the multi-screen display function, and respectively displaying different monitoring pictures on the main display screen and the 4 auxiliary display screens through a control program; the examples of each part are as follows:
a CPU: the Intel Pentium M760 processor is adopted, and the main technical parameters are as follows: dominant frequency, 2.0 GHz; second level cache, 2 MB; FSB, 400 MHz.
Mainboard: adopts the PCI-6881 (with fan radiating fin) of the main board of the porphyry industry, and has the main technical parameters: integrating a display card and a 1000Base-T Ethernet card on a board; supporting a 400MHz front-end bus; support 2-channel 48-bit LVDS for LCDs; support 4 USB 2.0 ports, support 2 200P SODIMM sockets that use DDR memory, the memory can support 2GB at most.
4, screen splitting card: adopting Elsa ATI FireMV 2400PCIE, and the main technical parameters are as follows: the number of split screens is 4; interface type, PCI-E, VHDCI interface (convertible to DVI or VGA interface); display output, 4 VGA; display memory, 128 MB/screen; maximum resolution, 2048 × 1536 (analog), 1600 × 1200(DVI) is supported.
Memory: adopting a Kingston DDR memory, and the main technical parameters are as follows: capacity, 512M; interface, 200 lines.
Hard disk: the method adopts a Seagate 2.5-inch hard disk, and has the main technical parameters: capacity, 160G; rotation speed, 5400 revolutions.
Network card: the D-Link DGE-530T network card is adopted, and the main technical parameters are as follows: bus interface, PCI; supporting PCMCIA standard, no; interface type, RJ-45; transmission rate (Mbps), 10/100/1000.
An optical drive: the three-star DVD drive TS-H352D is adopted, and the main technical parameters are as follows: the installation mode is built-in; interface standard, ATAPI/EIDE; maximum read speed, 48X; buffer size, 198 KB.
Power supply: the method adopts a Widada electric industrial power supply ACE-841AP-S, and has the main technical parameters: efficiency, 65%; a holding time, minimum 16 ms; protection, overvoltage, overload and short circuit protection; MTBF, 100000hrs at 25 ℃; the total output power of +3.3V and +5V does not exceed 200W; the total output power of +3.3V, +5V and +12V does not exceed 380W; the safety specification conforms to UL60950, TUV EN60950, cUL CSA 22No.60950 and CE standards; EMS, IEC 1000-4-2, IEC 1000-4-3, IEC 1000-4-4, IEC 1000-4-5, IEC 1000-4-11; the working temperature is 0-50 ℃; the vibration resistance is realized, and the vibration resistance can bear 10-55 Hz vibration frequency in a 3-30 minute time period and a 2G vibration test along the direction of three axes X, Y, Z; shock resistance, 10G acceleration, lasts 11 milliseconds in each direction of the X, Y, Z axis.
15-inch liquid crystal screen: with SHARP LCD LQ150X1LW71N, the main technical parameters are as follows: screen size, 15 "; screen type, TFT LCD; resolution, 1024 × 768; contrast ratio, 400: 1; luminance, 250; angle of visibility, 85/85/85/85 degrees.
6.4 inch LCD screen: SHARP LCD LQ064V3DG01 is adopted, and the main technical parameters are as follows: screen size, 6.4 "; screen type, TFT LCD; resolution, 640X 480; contrast, 150: 1; and (4) brightness, 350.
Keyboard: the industrial control touch pad keyboard LKB88 of the science and technology company Limited is adopted, and the main technical parameters are as follows: number of keys, 87 keys; the word key drawing force is more than or equal to 0.8 Kgf; the resilience force of the character key is 55+5 gf; the main material of the keyboard, ABS; the working life of the key is 10 million times.
Mouse: the technical G1 mouse is adopted, and the main technical parameters are as follows: interface type, USB + PS/2; computer connection mode, wired; the working mode is photoelectric; and positioning technology, namely positioning the light emitting diode.
The working flow of the embodiment of the emergency linkage command monitoring method of the system adopted by the invention is shown in fig. 6, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) collecting wind direction, wind speed, leaked gas concentration, GPS positioning information and field video images of a dangerous chemical leakage accident field in real time:
the explosion-proof wireless gas detector acquires wind direction and speed, gas concentration and GPS positioning information of each monitoring point on the site, wirelessly transmits the information to an on-site emergency command center, and the wireless receiving module receives the information and transmits the information to an emergency command host; the single-soldier explosion-proof transmitter collects field video information and transmits the field video information to a receiver of a field emergency command center in a wireless mode, and the receiver decodes the image and transmits the image to the video server.
2) Receiving, storing, processing and displaying the field information:
the emergency command host receives the field wind direction, wind speed, leaked gas concentration and GPS information and stores the information into a real-time database;
the emergency command host displays and analyzes the wind direction, the wind speed and the leaked gas concentration of each monitoring point by using configuration software through a dangerous chemical accident site weather and concentration monitoring subsystem, determines the site average wind direction and wind speed and the name of the leaked dangerous chemical, and respectively displays an accident site average wind direction and wind speed information and a gas concentration information configuration picture on 2 auxiliary display screens on the left side of the emergency command host; inquiring a dangerous chemical MSDS database through a dangerous chemical MSDS and emergency disposal information inquiry subsystem to obtain site emergency disposal measures such as decontamination, leakage stoppage and the like of leaked dangerous chemicals, and displaying the information of the leaked chemical MSDS and the site emergency disposal measures on an auxiliary display screen above the right side of the emergency command host;
the emergency command host accesses the video server through the dangerous chemical accident scene video monitoring subsystem to acquire video information, and displays a scene video image on the auxiliary display screen at the lower right; one or more paths of images on site can be recorded according to the requirement;
the emergency command host computer runs on the main display screen and displays the GIS system picture, and calls out an electronic map around the accident.
3) According to the wind direction, the wind speed, the concentration of leaked gas and GPS information of each monitoring point, utilizing a three-layer MLP neural network based on a BP algorithm after training to reversely calculate the intensity of a leakage source;
4) calculating and simulating a gas diffusion concentration field changing along with time based on the position of the monitoring sensor, the instantaneous meteorological condition, the leakage source intensity and a Gaussian classical diffusion model; determining the type of accident possibly caused according to the properties of leaked dangerous chemicals, calculating the casualty radius of the accident in real time according to a gas diffusion concentration field and a leaked gas accident consequence model, and displaying the accident hazard influence range on a GIS map so as to determine the evacuation range of people;
5) according to GPS position information of the on-site explosion-proof wireless gas detector, emergency rescue force and emergency rescue facilities around the accident are displayed on a GIS map, and the optimal evacuation path of people is searched and displayed on an electronic map by combining the GIS information around the accident site, so that a decision basis is provided for emergency rescue command.
Claims (5)
1. An emergency linkage monitoring system for dangerous chemical leakage accidents is characterized by comprising: the system comprises an explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmission subsystem consisting of a plurality of explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmitting devices and a plurality of explosion-proof type individual wireless video receiving devices which realize wireless communication with the transmitting devices, an explosion-proof type wireless gas concentration monitoring subsystem consisting of a plurality of explosion-proof type wireless gas detectors and wireless receiving modules which realize wireless communication with the detectors, an emergency command host and a video server; the system comprises a plurality of explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmitting devices, a plurality of explosion-proof type wireless gas detectors, a plurality of communication terminals and a plurality of communication terminals, wherein the explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmitting devices and the explosion-proof type wireless gas detectors are arranged on the periphery of a leakage accident site; the anti-explosion type individual wireless video receiving equipment and the wireless receiving module are arranged in an emergency command center on site; the plurality of explosion-proof type individual wireless video receiving devices are connected with the video server, and the emergency command host is respectively connected with the wireless receiving module and the video server.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the explosion-proof wireless gas detector is mainly composed of a wind direction and wind speed sensor, a 6-gas concentration sensor, a single chip microcomputer and peripheral circuits thereof, a GPS module, a wireless sending module, an ID setting switch, a power supply and power supply conversion circuit, a transmitting antenna and a GPS antenna; the connection relationship is as follows: the output ends of the 6 gas sensors are connected with the input ends of amplification circuits of the 6 gas sensors, the output ends of the amplification circuits are connected with an AD conversion interface of the single chip microcomputer, wind speed and wind direction output ports of the wind speed and wind direction sensors are respectively connected with PB and PC ports of the single chip microcomputer, the GPS module, the wireless sending module and the power supply conversion circuit are all connected with the single chip microcomputer, and the power supply is connected with the power supply conversion circuit; the singlechip peripheral circuit includes: wind speed detection circuit, wind direction detection circuit, GPS module circuit, ID set up circuit, singlechip crystal oscillator circuit, AD conversion reference voltage circuit, wherein, wind speed detection circuit with air velocity transducer links to each other, wind direction detection circuit with wind direction transducer links to each other, and GPS module circuit links to each other with the GPS module, and ID set up the circuit and link to each other with ID setting switch.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmitting device encodes the images by using a COFDM modulation technique, and each group of the explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmitting device and the individual wireless video receiving device completes the acquisition, transmission and reception of one field image; the explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmission subsystem transmits the field video to the wireless video receiving equipment of the emergency command center through the field wireless video acquisition equipment.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the emergency command host is a five-screen portable computer with a foldable screen, which mainly comprises a PCI main board supporting an integrated display card, an integrated network card and 4 USB ports, a CPU, 4 split screen cards, a memory, a hard disk, a network card, an optical drive, a power supply, 1 15-inch liquid crystal screen, 4 6.4-inch liquid crystal screens, a keyboard and a mouse; the VGA board of each of the 4 6.4-inch liquid crystal screens is connected with 4VGA ports of the 4 split screen cards through 15-core coaxial cables respectively, and the 15-inch liquid crystal screen is connected with the VGA port of the mainboard integrated display card through the 15-core coaxial cable; the multi-screen display function is supported by using operating systems such as Widows98/2000/XP, and different monitoring pictures are respectively displayed on the main display screen and the 4 auxiliary display screens through a control program.
5. An emergency linkage monitoring method using the system of claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) collecting wind direction, wind speed, leaked gas concentration, GPS positioning information and field video images of a dangerous chemical leakage accident field in real time:
the explosion-proof type wireless gas detector collects wind direction and wind speed, gas concentration and GPS positioning information of each monitoring point on site, and the explosion-proof type individual wireless video transmitting equipment collects on-site video information and respectively transmits the on-site video information to an emergency command host of an on-site emergency command center in a wireless mode;
2) receiving, storing, processing and displaying the field information:
the emergency command host receives the field wind direction, wind speed and leaked gas concentration and stores the field wind direction, wind speed and leaked gas concentration into a real-time database;
the emergency command host determines the on-site average wind direction and wind speed and the name of the leaked hazardous chemical according to the wind direction, wind speed and leaked gas concentration information of each monitoring point, and obtains on-site emergency treatment measures such as decontamination, leakage stoppage and the like of the leaked hazardous chemical by inquiring the MSDS database of the hazardous chemical;
the emergency command host respectively displays the average wind direction and wind speed information of the accident site, the configuration picture of the gas concentration information, the MSDS information of the leaked chemicals, the emergency disposal measure and the site video monitoring picture on the auxiliary display screen, and runs and displays the GIS system picture on the main display screen;
3) according to the wind direction, the wind speed, the concentration of leaked gas and GPS information of each monitoring point, utilizing a three-layer MLP neural network based on a BP algorithm after training to reversely calculate the intensity of a leakage source;
4) calculating and simulating a gas diffusion concentration field changing along with time based on the position of the monitoring sensor, the instantaneous meteorological condition, the leakage source intensity and a Gaussian classical diffusion model; determining the type of accident possibly caused according to the properties of leaked dangerous chemicals, calculating the casualty radius of the accident in real time according to a gas diffusion concentration field and a leaked gas accident consequence model, and displaying the accident hazard influence range on a GIS map so as to determine the evacuation range of people;
5) according to GPS position information of the on-site explosion-proof wireless gas detector, emergency rescue force and emergency rescue facilities around the accident are displayed on a GIS map, and the optimal evacuation path of people is searched and displayed on an electronic map by combining the GIS information around the accident site, so that a decision basis is provided for emergency rescue command.
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