CN101212998A

CN101212998A - Method and apparatus for anesthetic gas reclamation

Info

Publication number: CN101212998A
Application number: CNA2006800221563A
Authority: CN
Inventors: J·M·贝里; S·莫里斯
Original assignee: Anesthetic Gas Reclamation LLC
Current assignee: Anesthetic Gas Reclamation LLC
Priority date: 2005-05-13
Filing date: 2006-05-11
Publication date: 2008-07-02
Anticipated expiration: 2026-05-11
Also published as: WO2006124578A2; WO2006124578B1; EP1879665A4; KR20080033166A; CA2607902C; CN101212998B; NZ563340A; KR101318555B1; EP1879665A2; WO2006124578A3; AU2006247692A1; AU2006247692B2; JP4900974B2; JP2008539978A; KR20130006699A; KR101281891B1; CA2607902A1

Abstract

A method and apparatus are disclosed for recovering and separating anesthetic gas components from waste anesthetic gases to be purged from a healthcare facility. The condensation-type anesthetic reclamation method and apparatus comprise one or more of the following preferred embodiments: a low-flow anesthetic gas scavenging unit, a frost fractionation process for collecting waste anesthetic gases as frost on the cooling surfaces of a cold trap/fractionator, a compressor with at least one compression stage, and a self-contained unit requiring minimal interfacing with the utility infrastructure and supplies of the healthcare facility.

Description

Anesthetic gases recovery method and device

Background of invention

1. technical field

The present invention relates to adopt the processing of the discarded anesthetic gases that one or more anaesthetic delivery systems of the health care that sucks anesthesia or miscellaneous equipment are produced for medical treatment, dentistry or animal doctor's purpose.For air conservation, the present invention relates to before entering atmosphere, from discarded anesthetic gases stream, remove and reclaim nitrous oxide, fluoro-ether and other halohydrocarbon.

2. the description of prior art

Anaesthetic delivery system in the surgical device (medical treatment, dentistry and animal doctor) can produce a large amount of discarded anesthetic gaseses.Collect the gas that the patient breathes out by special-purpose or shared vacuum system at present.Medical health facility adopts one or more central vavuum pumps to collect the waste gas in each anesthesia place usually.The general scale super large of these vavuum pumps, so they are designed to collecting the anesthetic gases of breathing out in the flow rates widely.Because these pumps are operations continuously, the room air around discarded anesthetic gases suction system has also aspirated in a large number from the anesthesia place has diluted discarded anesthetic gases significantly.In central vavuum pump, air-flow usually mixes with further dilution with other room air, and then discharges from equipment.Discarded anesthetic gases/the admixture of gas of this dilution is pumped to outside the surgical device usually, thereby enters in the open atmospheric environment.

Usually under about 20-30 ℃, relative humidity are the condition of 10-60%, collect and discard anesthetic gases.The average composition of discarded gas is estimated as (volume %): 25-32% oxygen, 60-65% nitrogen, 5-10% nitrous oxide and 0.1-0.5% volatility halohydrocarbon, comprise fluoro-ether, and as isoflurane, Desflurane and Sevoflurane.Discarded anesthetic gases also contains the lubricating oil steam of trace from vavuum pump.

As an aspect that becomes more and more important of environmental factor, (composition is similar to will to have discarded the anesthetic gases halohydrocarbon

And other cold-producing medium) connects with ozone depletion, and connect with global warming to a certain extent.Now, the halohydrocarbon that uses in the anesthesia (mainly being the halogenation methyl ethyl ether) is a kind of main emission source, because in recent years because legislation and other environmental protection are proposed, other industry and the discharging of coml halohydrocarbon reduce greatly.Though in the U.S., the discharging of discarded anesthetic gases is not subjected to the regulation and control of Environmental Law as yet, in the near future probably by making laws the discharging of the discarded anesthetic gases of strict control.

In the trial of alleviating more and more serious discarded anesthetic gases emission problem, people have proposed some technology and have handled discarded anesthetic gases.For example, United States Patent (USP) 4,259,303 disclose with catalyst and have handled laughing gas, United States Patent (USP) 5,044,363 disclose by charcoal particle and have absorbed anesthetic gases, United States Patent (USP) 5,759,504 describe in detail in the presence of catalyst by heating and destroy anesthetic gases, United States Patent (USP) 5,928,411 disclose by molecular sieve and have absorbed anesthetic gases, and United States Patent (USP) 6,134,914 discloses from the anesthetic gases separate xenon of breathing out.Remove the United States Patent (USP) 6,729,329 of the low temperature method of the volatility halohydrocarbon in the discarded anesthetic gases referring to Berry, this patent is hereby expressly incorporated by reference.

Fig. 1 has shown the discarded anesthetic gases recovery system 10 that is used for health care equipment in the typical prior art.System 10 comprises a plurality of

place

15A, 15A, 15C of independently anaesthetizing, and they have

Anesthesia machine

12A, 12A, 12C respectively, by

face shield

14A, 14A, 14C or similar device anesthesia

patient.Anesthesia machine

12A, 12A, 12C collect the gas and the air of excessive anesthetic gases, patient's exhalation and are discharged into common collection house steward 16 at

face shield

14A, 14A, 14C place.Discarded anesthetic gases is collected house steward 16 and fixedly is suspended in the medical health facility usually, and

Anesthesia machine

12A, 12A, 12C locate removably to be connected in collection house steward 16 at the discarded anesthetic gases connector 18A of standard, 18A, 18C (for example 19mm or 30mm anesthesia connector).Discarded anesthetic gases recovery system 10 is moved under the vacuum pressure that one or more vavuum pumps 20 produce.The waste streams of collecting typically flows through check-valves 35 and arrives the condenser unit of being made up of one or more heat exchangers 22.A liquid oxygen source or other suitable radiator extract heat, condensation anesthetic gases component from discarded anesthetic gases stream.Liquid anesthetic gases condensate is captured in the collection container 24, and the condensation of liquid water thing is captured in the collection container 23.Remaining air flow stream is crossed receiver 26B and vavuum pump 20 after removing discarded anesthetic gases component, enters in the medical health facility atmosphere outside through exhaust outlet 46 then.

The existing method of the discarded anesthetic gases that the removing medical health facility produces in

anesthesia place

15A, 15B, 15C comprises: the high flow rate room air is drawn in the special-purpose or shared vacuum collecting house steward 16 to take away discarded anesthetic gases.Collecting house steward 16 also can be by Anesthesia

machine

12A, 12B, the 12C continuous sucking air of a plurality of free time.On average, at each

anesthesia place

15A, 15B, 15C, gathering system house steward's 16 per minutes extract discarded anesthetic gases and/or the room air that 20-30 rises.For the large hospital that has 20-30 operating room, estimate that discarded anesthetic gases recovery system 10 flow rates are between 500 to 1000 liters/minute (14-35 scfm).

The advantage of high flow rate dilution waste gas system is: this system receives a large amount of discarded anesthetic gases streams easily, and this system is safer because anesthetic gases seldom can be escaped away, and this system seldom breaks down because need hardly to safeguard.Yet the high flow rate system is an energy-intensive, needs large-scale vacuum pump 20 usually, to keep enough suction capactities at

many anesthesia place

15A, 15B, 15C.For example, in order to keep the vacuum of about 200mmHg with the flow velocity of 1-2 cubic feet/min (cfm), usually need to use the vavuum pump of 100-200cfm capacity at each

anesthesia place

15A, 15B, 15C.Therefore, need to concentrate safely the discarded anesthesia gas scavenging system of low flow velocity of discarded anesthetic gases.

In addition, the discarded anesthetic gases stream thermal efficiency of dilution is low.Condensation removal waste gas component need be reduced to the temperature of whole air-flow gaseous state and discard the temperature that the partial pressure of component (under this temperature) is equal to or greater than saturated vapour pressure.Therefore, be cooled to the temperature below the saturated vapour pressure of its component for discarded anesthetic gases, need extensive cooling device (that is, a large amount of liquid oxygens, liquid nitrogen etc.) Macrodilution.

Typically, anesthetic gases is the height volatile materials.Under given temperature, it is high that the vapour pressure of the material that their steaming pressure ratio water and other volatility are lower is wanted.Compare with the material that vapour pressure is lower, the higher material of vapour pressure needs more coolings to reclaim to realize identical or similar condensation usually.Therefore, anesthetic gases need be cooled to extremely low temperature, i.e. cryogenic temperature is to reclaim the anesthetic gases condensate of significant quantity.Yet, this extreme cold with approaching, also will be lower than many narcotic freezing points in many cases.In this case, except disadvantageous system was freezing, discarded anesthetic gases stream still had the anesthetic concentration that can be condensed.

Except that temperature, pressure also can the appreciable impact condensation.The pressure of rising condenser system is useful, because compare with lower operating pressure, this will make to be condensate under the significantly higher temperature and carry out.This has also been avoided risk and the problem relevant with condensate freezes.For such vapor/liquid balance sysmte, the most useful thermodynamic characteristics is that pressure is much bigger to the influence of the influence comparison liquid phase freezing point of steam dew point.Therefore, the dew-point temperature that typically contains narcotic steam flow increases along with the increase of pressure, but freezing point temperature keeps constant relatively under various system pressures.

Because the steam dew point that the system pressure increase causes and the condenser system that increases to of the temperature span between the condensate freezing point provide bigger operating flexibility.For example, only need less low-temperature refrigerant just can realize the condensation of same degree, because condensation can be carried out under higher temperature.And, separate more fully if desired between anesthetic and the waste gas stream, can when keeping elevated pressure, reduce system temperature.This is with regard to making the more anesthesia agent get off from the vapor phase condensation and there is not the risk of condensate freezes.Therefore, developed a kind of scheme and realized narcotic optimal separation, this method is only with respect to the pressure of the adjustment condenser system of condenser system.Certainly, in any cost optimization scheme, also should consider freezing relatively and cost squeeze.

Adopt low flow velocity anesthesia gas scavenging system and before condensation, increase stream pressure and can improve efficient and the effectiveness that discarded anesthetic gases reclaims, yet this system and method must be integrated with the infrastructure device of existing medical health facility.As mentioned above, these prior art system are designed to the discarded anesthetic gases of potent removal usually.For example, these existing discarded anesthetic gaseses size of removing the vavuum pump, pipe-line system, valve etc. of system can be handled room air and the discarded anesthetic gases of carrying secretly in a large number.More effective anesthesia clean-out assembly interface is connected to the possible outcome that not necessarily can produce the best in the ultra-large type exhaust treatment system.Therefore, also need the exhaust treatment system through suitable design, it is fit to waste gas capacity of control expection.

And, outside traditional hospital environment, use anesthesia to produce other problem more and more.The anesthetic gases that uses in the mini clinic environment is suitably control still.Yet, the existing discarded anesthetic gases that uses in the hospital remove and retracting device because it ultra-largely is not suitable for the mini clinic environment with operating cost.In the mini clinic environment, great majority are discarded the valuable anesthesia component of anesthetic gases recovery not treated and/or under wraps and are directly entered atmosphere.Therefore, small-sized for these, independently for the clinic, need to provide with hospital or other traditional medical health-care facilities in the discarded anesthetic gases of self-contained type with same effect and/or feature of the large scale system used remove and recovery system.

3. purpose of the present invention

Main purpose of the present invention is, a kind of system and method for removing the economy of fluoro-ether, nitrous oxide and other volatility halohydrocarbon in the discarded anesthetic gases that surgery or other medical health facility produce before entering atmosphere is provided.

Another object of the present invention is, provides a kind of fluoro-ether in the discarded anesthetic gases and other volatility halo carbon of can preventing basically to enter atmosphere and do not need to use the system and method for catalyst, charcoal particle and the heating technique of prior art.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of halohydrocarbon relevant with anesthesia that medical health facility can be discharged into atmosphere to reduce about system and method more than 99%.

Another object of the present invention is, provide a kind of can recovery and redistillation and/or reuse the nitrous oxide of the big percentage that uses in the described facility and/or the system and method for anesthesia halohydrocarbon.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of described medical health facility is only needed the outer system and method for implementing that drops into of jot.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of mode with minimum influence and cost to utilize and strengthen the system and method for the economy of the discarded anesthetic gases recovery system in the existing medical health facility.

Another object of the present invention is, provides a kind of by utilizing existing liquid gas to store and the system and method for the economy of the total energy efficiency of delivery system raising medical health facility.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of by utilizing existing liquid gas storage and delivery system to make the system and method for the installation of recovery system to the economy that influences minimum of medical health facility.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of and separate the system and method for various removed nitrous oxides, fluoro-ether and other volatility halo carbon component with dew point based on its physical characteristic such as foaming characteristic.

Another object of the present invention is, the system and method for the economy of a kind of effectiveness that increases the discarded anesthetic scavenge system of condensing type and efficient is provided.

Another object of the present invention is that providing a kind of increases the effectiveness of the discarded anesthetic scavenge system of condensing type and the system and method flexibly of efficient by operational system under various pressure and temperatures.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of and flow back to the system and method for receiving anesthetic gases and not needing to integrate with the discarded anesthetic gases recovery system of existing medical health facility from reclaiming discarded anesthetic gases.

Another object of the present invention is, provides a kind of and flows back to the system and method for receiving anesthetic gases from reclaiming discarded anesthetic gases, and described system and method is to the common base equipment of medical health facility and the dependence minimum of supply.

By following explanation and accompanying drawing, other purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage are apparent to those skilled in the art.

Summary of the invention

Above-mentioned purpose and other advantage and feature preferably are embodied in the system and method that is used for removing from discarded anesthetic gases fluoro-ether, nitrous oxide and volatility halohydrocarbon gas component, this system and method comprises one or more following parts: low flow velocity anesthetic gases scavenge unit, discarded anesthetic gases is collected the batch mode frost fractional distillation process of cold-trap/fractionator cooling surface with the frost form, compressor reducer with at least one compression stage, and with the common base equipment and the minimum self-contained type's device of supply arrangement interface of medical health facility.

In first embodiment, to have described a kind of low flow velocity and removed or recovery system, this system comprises many intelligent discarded anesthetic gases collector units, lays respectively at each Anesthesia machine place of health care or surgery facility and is communicated with the total pipe fluid of common collection.Each intelligent gas collection unit comprises: collecting chamber; Air bleeding valve is optionally isolated the suction that house steward is collected at each place, anesthesia place when not producing discarded anesthetic gases; And relevant sensor, circuit, controller or mechanism are to handle air bleeding valve.

Discarded anesthetic gases enters collecting chamber by standard anesthetic exhaust gas connector from the Anesthesia machine exhaust outlet.Be provided with voltage sensitive sensor in the collecting chamber, preferably be electrically connected with the solenoid operated air bleeding valve that passes through that is positioned at the collecting chamber exhaust side.The pressure of determination of pressure sensor is the difference between collecting chamber and external environment condition air pressure.If the pressure in the collecting chamber surpasses environmental pressure, pressure sensor will detect pressure and raise, and control circuit is opened air bleeding valve and collecting chamber pressure is descended fast.When room pressure during near environmental pressure, pressure sensor detects pressure and descends and cut out air bleeding valve.

Collecting circuit is low-voltage dc circuit preferably, and air bleeding valve preferably is designed to normally open valve.Interior mechanical vacuum breaker and the mechanical safety valve of being provided with for security purpose of collecting chamber.

Pressure detector, air bleeding valve and circuit are therebetween randomly selected and are designed to be ratio ground response pressure to change, and pressure raises more after a little while, and to put degree less for exhaust valve open, and pressure raises, and degree of opening is bigger more for a long time.In another embodiment, pressure detector is connected in air bleeding valve with the control air bleeding valve by pneumatic mode or mechanical system, and/or intelligent discarded anesthetic gases collector unit can be combined in the Anesthesia machine of improvement rather than collect house steward with the discarded anesthetic gases of medical health facility and forms one.Therefore, the Anesthesia machine of improvement comprises the Anesthesia machine of prior art and according to the intelligent discarded anesthetic gases collector unit of embodiment of the present invention.

When not having the waste gas anesthetic gases to generate, make and collect house steward and the room air of carrying secretly and isolate that can to reduce average anesthetic clearance rate about 90%, thereby reduce the essential capacity of vavuum pump, pipe-line system and other related hardware.

In second embodiment, the batch mode fractional distillation process has been described, this method adopts cold-trap or liquia air trap technology, concentrates on degree cold-trap/fractionator cooling surface on by desublimation (deposition) work in order to the frost form thereby the temperature and pressure of fluoro-ether and other anesthetic halohydrocarbon is reduced to steam.In other words, fluoro-ether and other anesthetic halohydrocarbon component in the discarded anesthetic gases are solidificated in by refrigeration on the cooling coil of heat exchanger, to remove described component from eluting gas.The liquid oxygen that freezing source preferably exists in surgery such as hospital or the outpatient clinic facility, and liquid oxygen must heat so that normal the use.Yet, also there is other liquid gas in the medical health facility usually, for example liquid nitrogen etc. can be used as refrigerated source equally.

Cold-trap/fractionator periodically cycles through the thawing stage, during discarded anesthetic gases by the time deposition caking cooling surface that forms the frost gas component heat up gradually to separate in succession and to collect the component of capturing.(promptly typically be in atmospheric pressure and more than) under the sufficiently high pressure, fluoro-ether of capturing and the fusing of other anesthetic halohydrocarbon component, liquid composition enters in each jar according to its physical features.(promptly typically be lower than atmospheric pressure) under enough low pressure, the fluoro-ether of capturing and other anesthetic halohydrocarbon component can not liquefy but sublimate directly to gas phase.The anesthetic steam of these recovery is preferably collected with further processing by gas phase anesthetic gathering system.All the other components of anesthetic gases preferably enter atmosphere.

In the 3rd embodiment, adopt compressor reducer to raise and discard the pressure of anesthetic gases stream with at least one compression stage, anesthetic is reclaimed in condensation then.It is useful that discarded anesthetic gases is compressed to superatmospheric level, the temperature when must raise the saturated and condensation of anesthetic gases because pressure raises.Therefore, gas is compressed to above the atmosphere pressure energy anesthetic of identical fraction is removed by condensation under higher temperature, takes place during just as condensation under atmospheric pressure and lower temperature.And along with the temperature of discarded anesthetic gases of compression reduces from higher temperature, the more anesthesia agent is from vapor condensation.Only must can develop a kind of scheme and realize narcotic optimal separation by operating condenser system pressure with respect to the condenser system temperature.And if consider factors such as freezing relatively and cost squeeze in scheme, it is possible saving energy and cost.

In one of the present invention preferred embodiment, comprise in the discarded anesthesia gas scavenging system of compression unit between discarded anesthetic gases collector unit and condensing unit of one or more compression stages.Compression unit is configured to and the anesthetic waste gas from collector unit can be compressed to pressure up to 50psig, and the refrigerant that provides with hospital or other medical treatment, dentistry or veterinary facilities in condenser system (being liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen etc.) carries out subsequent treatment.In another embodiment, will discard anesthetic gases stream and be compressed to and substantially exceed 50psig, to utilize the raising of incident separative efficiency and fractionation extraction effect.Yet in this optional embodiment, condenser needs independently refrigerant supply, pollutes the risk of the gas supply of medical health facility when avoiding condenser generation internal leak.

In the 4th embodiment, to describe the discarded anesthetic gases of a kind of self-contained type and reclaimed the unit, it is to the dependence minimum of medical health facility infrastructure and supply.This unit only needs operating power, discarded anesthetic gases source and steam vent.Therefore, can easily be configured in small-sized surgery center, for example in internal medicine clinic, meiofauna clinic or the dental clinic.This system/method adopts small frozen unit, with intermediate heat transfer fluid (DuPont for example

95 or similar low-temperature refrigerant) be reduced to-90 ℃ approximately.In one of the present invention preferred embodiment, discarded anesthetic gases is by multistage condenser/heat exchanger, wherein, and the intermediate heat transfer fluid generation exchange heat of discarded anesthetic gases stream and the cooling of small frozen unit.Therefore, this system/method does not rely on the liquid oxygen of medical health facility or the essential sub-cooled that the liquid nitrogen supply realizes discarded anesthetic gases stream.Yet, when needing, also can adopt the liquid oxygen of medical health facility supply and/or liquid nitrogen in heat exchanger/condenser as the intermediate heat transfer fluid.

Brief Description Of Drawings

To describe the present invention in detail based on the accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment below, wherein:

Fig. 1 has shown that the discarded anesthetic gases of the high flow rate of prior art is removed and the schematic diagram of recovery system, and fluoro-ether and other volatility anesthetic gases component are separated from the air-flow of collecting through condensation by this system, and Fei Qi air-flow enters atmosphere then;

Fig. 2 has shown the schematic diagram of a preferred implementation of the discarded anesthetic gases recovery system of the low flow velocity of the present invention, and this system comprises the intelligent discarded anesthetic gases collector unit that can limit air be sucked in the shared vacuum system;

Fig. 3 is the concrete schematic diagram of the intelligent discarded anesthetic gases collector unit of Fig. 2, collecting chamber under the display environment pressure and the pressure detector that has interlock circuit, and this circuit can will place the closed position by solenoid operated air bleeding valve;

Fig. 4 is the concrete schematic diagram of the intelligent discarded anesthetic gases collector unit of Fig. 3, and wherein, collecting chamber is under the pressure of a little higher than environmental pressure, and pressure detector and interlock circuit can will place the release position by solenoid operated air bleeding valve at work;

Fig. 5 has shown the schematic diagram of the discarded anesthetic gases recovery system of low flow velocity of another embodiment, and wherein, the Anesthesia machine of intelligent discarded anesthetic gases collector unit and prior art is combined to form the Anesthesia machine of improvement;

Fig. 6 has shown the schematic diagram of the discarded anesthetic gases recovery system of low flow velocity of another embodiment that is used to improve existing system, and wherein, intelligent anesthetic gases collector unit is independent of collects house steward and Anesthesia machine;

Fig. 7 has shown and will discard before anesthetic gases enters atmosphere, adopt liquid oxygen source as radiator, separate fluoro-ether and other volatility halohydrocarbon gas component from discarded anesthetic gases, then by melting in succession and collecting process and the system that the liquid halohydrocarbon of gained carries out fractionation;

Fig. 8 has shown the schematic diagram of the optional embodiment that comprises parallel two or more cold-trap/fractionators;

Fig. 9 has shown the schematic diagram of the recovery system of the optional embodiment of Fig. 7, comprises being used for collecting discarded anesthetic gases evaporates or be directly sublimed into gas phase from liquid phase the mechanism that holds back component;

Figure 10 has shown the schematic diagram of the discarded anesthetic gases recovery system of high flow rate of the preferred embodiment for the present invention, it comprises that one or more high flow rates discard the anesthetic gases collector unit, the compressor reducer that comprises one or more compression stages, single phase or multistage condenser/heat exchanger unit, and the expansion valve that guides other anesthetic gases condensation;

Figure 11 shown and adopted liquid oxygen source the liquefy process and the system of the halohydrocarbon gas component in the discarded anesthetic gases in the medical health facility, is used for removing this gas component before entering atmosphere will discarding anesthetic gases;

Figure 12 has shown and will discard before anesthetic gases enters atmosphere, adopt liquid oxygen source as radiator, separate fluoro-ether and other volatility halohydrocarbon gas component from discarded anesthetic gases, then by melting in succession and collecting process and the system that the liquid halohydrocarbon of gained carries out fractionation;

Figure 13 has shown the schematic diagram of the discarded anesthetic gases recovery system of low according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention flow velocity, it comprises that one or more low flow velocitys discard the anesthetic gases collector unit, the compressor reducer that comprises one or more compression stages, single phase or multistage condenser/heat exchanger unit are used for obtaining the micro-turbine machine of the potential energy of compressed exhaust gas before airborne release;

Figure 14 has shown the schematic diagram of heat exchanger/condenser according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it by with the intermediate heat transfer fluid that in the small frozen unit, cools off carry out countercurrent heat exchange cool off with the discarded anesthetic gases stream of condensation in the anesthetic gases component;

Figure 15 has shown the schematic diagram of the anesthetic gases recovery system of preferred implementation, this system comprises the discarded anesthetic gases clearing cell of low flow velocity, the compressor reducer that comprises one or more compression stages, be used for removing the single phase or the multistage condenser/heat exchanger unit of the anesthetic gases component of discarding anesthetic gases stream, be used for cooling off the small frozen unit that is used as the heat transfer fluid of refrigerant at condenser, and the micro-turbine machine that is used for before airborne release, obtaining the discarded potential energy of compression;

Figure 16 shown and adopted liquefy halohydrocarbon gas component in the discarded anesthetic gases of intermediate heat transfer fluid, with will discard anesthetic gases enter atmosphere before the process of the described gas component of condensation and the schematic diagram of system;

Figure 17 has shown and will discard before anesthetic gases enters atmosphere, the heat transfer fluid that employing is cooled off in freezing unit independently is as radiator, separate fluoro-ether and other volatility halohydrocarbon gas component from discarded anesthetic gases, then by melting in succession and collecting process and the system that the liquid halohydrocarbon of gained carries out fractionation; And

Figure 18 has shown the schematic diagram of the discarded anesthetic gases recovery system of self-contained type of preferred implementation, this system comprises low flow velocity anesthetic clearing cell, compressor reducer, be used for removing the heat exchanger/condenser of the anesthetic gases of discarding anesthetic gases stream, be used for cooling off the small frozen unit that is used as the heat transfer fluid of refrigerant at condenser, and the expansion valve that is used to guide other anesthetic gases condensation.

The description of the preferred embodiment for the present invention

Fig. 2 has shown that schematically the discarded anesthetic gases of the low flow velocity of the present invention is collected and the preferred implementation of recovery system 11.The gas recovery system 10 of recovery system 11 and above-mentioned prior art shown in Figure 1 has just added and has been arranged in each anesthesia of medical

health facility place

15A, 15B, 15C place or near its intelligent discarded anesthetic

gases collector unit

30A, 30B, 30C much at one.Near intelligent discarded anesthetic

gases collector unit

30A, 30B, 30C preferably the collect house steward 16 discarded anesthetic gases connector 18A of standard, 18B, 18C each tube fluid is communicated with.Each intelligent

gas collection unit

30A, 30B, 30C comprise: collecting

chamber

32A, 32B, 32C;

Air bleeding valve

34A, 34B, 34C are optionally to isolate the suction of collecting house steward 16 in each anesthesia place when not producing discarded anesthetic gases; And relevant sensor, circuit, controller or mechanism are to handle

air bleeding valve

34A, 34B, 34C.Collecting chamber 32 can be rigidity, flexibility (for example flexible bag) or both combinations.

When discarded anesthetic gases generated, preventing to collect house steward's 16 entrainment of room air, to reduce average anesthetic removing flow velocity about 90%, thereby reduced the essential capacity of vavuum pump, pipe-line system and other related hardware.Like this, for the large hospital that 20-30 operating room arranged, estimate 500-1000 liter in the prior art recovery system 10 shown in Figure 1/minute discarded anesthetic gases flow velocity will be reduced to the flow velocity 50-100 liter of recovery system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention 11 shown in Figure 2/minute.Above-mentioned recovery system 11 only needs add intelligent discarded anesthetic

gases collector unit

30A, 30B, 30C respectively in the discarded anesthetic gases recovery system 10 of existing health care, thereby provides simple and inexpensive mode for the upgrading existing system.

Fig. 3 has shown single according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention intelligent discarded anesthetic gases collector unit 30.In Fig. 3, the discarded anesthetic gases that Anesthesia machine 12 produces by 19 millimeters, 30 millimeters or similarly the discarded anesthetic gases connector 18 of standard enter collecting chamber 32.Be voltage sensitive sensor 40 in the chamber 32, sensor 40 be positioned at chamber 32 exhaust sides by solenoid operated air bleeding valve 34 electric connections.What pressure sensor 40 was measured is the pressure of chamber 32 and the difference of outside (environment) air pressure.If the pressure in the chamber 32 is increased to a little higher than environmental pressure, then pressure sensor 40 detects pressure increases, and by control circuit air bleeding valve 34 is opened.The air bleeding valve 34 open vacuum source fluids that then make chamber 32 and collect in the house steward 16 are communicated with, and cause chamber 32 interior pressure to reduce fast.Along with room pressure near environmental pressure, sensor 40 detects pressure and descends and air bleeding valve 34 is closed.In preferred embodiment, intelligent discarded anesthetic gases collector unit 30 is powered to reduce the danger of catching fire or exploding as far as possible by Dc low voltage power supply 6.

Preferably, it is open that air bleeding valve 34 is designed to the normal condition lower valve, and like this, if fault air bleeding valve 34 can not be opened, system will return to the continuous-flow air dilution type scavenge system of prior art effectively.And, in discarded anesthetic gases collector unit 30, provide to prevent that the pressure that is passed to Anesthesia machine 12 from just crossing or negative excessively device, to guarantee patient safety.Though unlikely, seepage takes place when the valve seat of event exhaust valve 34 or valve rod are in the release position and cause chamber 32 interior pressure to be reduced to significantly to be lower than environmental pressure, the mechanical vacuum breakers 7 that exist in the chamber 32 will be opened so that pressure returns to environmental pressure.Similarly, when the pressure in the chamber 32 increases to when being significantly higher than environmental pressure, mechanical safety valve 8 will be opened so that too much pressure is discharged into the atmosphere.Discarded anesthetic gases collector unit 30 preferably is made of the material that meets the safety standard of using in the oxygen containing environment of richness.

With reference to figure 3 and 4, optimization power supply 6 is connected with the switch contact 5 of pressure detector 40 and the solenoid 4 of air bleeding valve 34.Damped capacitor 9 can be randomly in parallel with air bleeding valve solenoid 4.As shown in Figure 3, when the pressure in the chamber 32 during near environmental pressure, contact 5 closures of pressure detector 40, electric current flows between power supply 6 and solenoid 4, excites solenoid 4 and closes air bleeding valve 34.When the pressure in the chamber 32 was increased to a little higher than environmental pressure, as shown in Figure 4, the contact 5 of pressure detector 40 was opened, thereby disconnected the power supply of solenoid 4 and and air bleeding valve 34 is opened.Circuit is the simplest design shown in Fig. 3 and 4, also can adopt other complicated more circuit certainly.For example, can select pressure detector 40, air bleeding valve 34 and circuit therebetween, form the directly proportional response to the pressure variation, like this, pressure increases less than hour valve 34 degrees of opening, and degree of opening was bigger when pressure increased greatly.Perhaps, also can use the appropriate device except that detected pressures increases to detect breath, for example detect halohydrocarbon, moisture or flow velocity.Because the selection of pressure detector, power supply and electricity driving valve and design and tandem circuit design are well-known in the art, so these problems will no longer further be discussed here.

Though Fig. 3 has shown pressure sensor 40 and the air bleeding valve 34 that is connected with circuit, pressure sensor 40 also can pneumatic mode or mechanical system be connected in air bleeding valve 34 to realize its control.Mechanical pressure control type actuator, mechanically operated valve, pneumatic control circuit and air-actuated valves are that those skilled in the art are well-known, therefore, will no longer further discuss here.

In another embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, intelligent discarded anesthetic gases collector unit 30 can be attached in the Anesthesia machine 50 of improvement rather than collect house steward 16 with the discarded anesthetic gases of medical health facility and integrate.The Anesthesia machine 50 of improvement comprises the Anesthesia machine 12 of prior art and the intelligent discarded anesthetic gases collector unit 30 of embodiment of the present invention described herein.The Anesthesia machine 50 of improvement removably connects 19 millimeters, 30 millimeters or the discarded anesthetic gases connector 18 of similar standard.The medical health facility of discarded anesthetic gases recovery system that comprises the Anesthesia machine 50 that is equipped with improvement all will move in the mode identical with discarded anesthetic gases recovery system shown in Figure 2 11 in all anesthesia places 15.

Fig. 6 has shown another embodiment, and wherein,

collector unit

30A, 30B, 30C are independent of and collect house steward 16 and

Anesthesia machine

12A, 12B, 12C.In this embodiment, each

collector unit

30A, 30B, 30C removably are connected in house steward 16 at first standard (for example, 19 millimeters or 30 millimeters) discarded

anesthetic gases connector

18A, 18B, 18C place.Each

Anesthesia machine

12A, 12B, 12C removably are connected in the discarded anesthetic gases connector 19A of second standard, 19B, 19C again.Therefore, in order to have the low flow velocity recovery system of discarded anesthesia gas scavenging system upgrade cost invention now, neither need to improve collection house steward 16 and also do not need to improve

Anesthesia machine

12A, 12B, 12C.

Fig. 7 has shown the preferred implementation of the batch mode fractional distillation process 1 of the present invention that uses in hospital, medical ward or other medical health facility 110.Collect discarded anesthetic gases, enter exhaust-gas flow pipeline 39 by the valve in the facility 110 112.Flowline 27 to facility 110 oxygen supplys preferably includes valve 114, and the downstream oxygen service line in the hospital 110 is connected with valve 114 fluids.Jar 120 has schematically shown the liquid oxygen source, and it is preferably placed near the medical health facility 110.At present, hospital and other medical health facility 110 make liquid oxygen pass through heat exchanger 122, before flowline 27 arrives facility 110 its temperature (-193 ℃ approximately) are brought up to room temperature (about 25 ℃) at liquid oxygen.Usually, adopt near the raise temperature of liquid oxygen of the heat exchangers 122 be positioned at each jar 120, these heat exchangers make liquid oxygen be exposed to ambient air temperature.Then, the oxygen that temperature raises is applied to the service line (not shown) through flowline 27 and valve 114, and the patient who is distributed in the medical health facility 110 uses a little.

In an embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 7, use cold-trap/fractionator 25 as heat exchanger, cold-trap/fractionator 25 comprises shell 130, has cooling coil 36 in the shell 130.The remaining space fluid isolation of the internal volume of cooling coil 36 and shell 130 connects but these two spaces are heat/conduction.Cold-trap/fractionator 25 helps discarding in the shell 130 heat exchange of liquid oxygen in anesthetic gases and the cooling coil 36.Discarded anesthetic gases is provided through flowline 39 by facility 110, and liquid oxygen is provided through flowline 21 by liquid oxygen source 120.Shell 130 is preferably double-wall structure, and it has improved the thermal insulation with environmental condition, thereby only promotes the heat exchange between discarded anesthetic gases and the liquid oxygen.

The liquid oxygen source flow pipeline 21 preferred thermostatic control valves 33 that pass through are connected with inlet 47 fluids of condenser coil 36.The outlet 48 of cooling coil is communicated with flowline 27 fluids to facility 110 oxygen supplys by flowline 126.The existing heat exchanger 122 of liquid oxygen temperature of being used to raise preferably keeps in parallel with cold-trap/fractionator 25 fluids between liquid oxygen jar 120 and oxygen supply flowline 27, with when the facility oxygen demand is higher than the demand of cold-trap/fractionator 25, when cold-trap/fractionator 25 moves under freeze thawing as described below circulation, perhaps cold-trap/fractionator 25 temperature of rising oxygen when (for example safeguard and overhaul in) not in service.

Discarded anesthetic gases flowline 39 and disconnection valve 112 are connected with collection flowline (not shown) fluid in the facility 110.Preferably, discarded anesthetic gases flowline 39 optionally is communicated with the inlet 31 of shell 130 or with exhaust outlet 46 fluids by threeway bypass valve 29.Normal operation period, flowline 39 only are directed to the inlet 31 of shell 130 by threeway selector valve 29.Discarded anesthetic gases flows to outlet connection 37 by the shell 130 of cold-trap/fractionator 25, during gas component stay on the cooling coil 36 by desublimation (deposition), discard anesthetic gases from joint 37 through exhaust outlet 46 inflow atmosphere.Under in use the situation, preferably discarded anesthetic gases flowline 39 is not directly aimed at exhaust outlet 46, walks around cold-trap/fractionator 25 for system maintenance, maintenance or recovery system.

Discarded anesthetic gases (comprising nitrogen, oxygen, nitrous oxide, nitrous oxide, steam and fluoro-ether usually) enters through flowline 39 under about 20-30 ℃, relative humidity 10-60% usually.Discarded anesthetic gases also can comprise the lubricating oil steam of trace from the vavuum pump (not shown).Liquid oxygen (-193 ℃ approximately) enters cold-trap/fractionator 25 at inlet 47 places of cooling coil 36, and discarded anesthetic gases (about 20-30 ℃) enters the shell 130 of cold-trap/fractionator 25 at inlet attack 31 places.The design of this counterflow heat exchanger forms certain thermograde, and wherein the summit of cold-trap/fractionator 25 is the hottest and bottom temp cold-trap/fractionator 25 is minimum.The upper area 60 of the cooling coil 36 of cold-trap/fractionator 25 will be discarded anesthetic gases and be cooled to about 20 ℃ to-5 ℃, thereby steam is extracted on the coil pipe 36 with the form of frost.Then, the zone, middle and upper part 62 of cold-trap/fractionator 25 cooling coils 36, the discarded anesthetic gases of cooling under about-60 ℃ temperature is so that Sevoflurane is extracted on the coil pipe 36 through desublimation/deposition.Then, nitrous oxide is extracted through desublimation in zone, middle and lower part 63 under about-90 ℃ temperature, the lower area 64 of last cooling coil 36 is extracting isoflurane and Desflurane on the coil pipe 36 through desublimation/deposition under-100 ℃ to-110 ℃ the temperature.The direct desublimation of anesthesia component/deposit on the coil pipe 36 and only under low-temp low-pressure, take place usually.For example, desublimation/deposition takes place down at the temperature and pressure that is lower than its three phase point (90 ℃, 0.88 crust) in nitrous oxide.Perhaps, one or more anesthesia components can corresponding to its separately the temperature province 62,63,64 of physical features with the liquid form condensation and be cured on the coil pipe 36.

Then, waste gas (under about-110 ℃ is nitrogen and oxygen mostly) enters atmosphere through pipeline 46 or after further handling (for example, by existing catalyst technology).The liquid oxygen that enters the pact-193 ℃ of cold-trap/fractionator 25 is about 0 ℃ when cold-trap/fractionator 25 comes out.Can by subsequent process or with the higher oxygen effluent that comes automatic heat-exchanger 122 of temperature mix to come further temperature with oxygen be elevated to room temperature or medical health facility use in other suitable temperature.

Cold-trap/fractionator 25 periodic cycle experience melting process.During thaw cycle, the temperature of cold-trap/fractionator 25 slowly is elevated to about 0 ℃, with processing that cooling coil 36 is defrosted.The process that realizes the rising temperature is: by thermostatic control valve 33 reduce or fixedly liquid oxygen by the flowing of cooling coil 36, by with carry out heat exchange on every side and make cold-trap/fractionator 25 be elevated to room temperature.In another embodiment, open valve 59, cooling coil 36 is passed through in the higher oxygen mediation of the temperature of automatic heat-exchanger 122 in the future, to improve melting rate.In the 3rd embodiment, can be with other fluid (not shown) mediation by cooling coil 36, to realize controlled thawing.

The bottom 57 of shell 130 is an infundibulate, as recovering hopper.Minimum point preferably feeds four-way selector valve 58, and selector valve 58 is communicated with three

drain tanks

23,24A, 24B fluid again.Under sufficiently high pressure (that is, typically be in atmospheric pressure and more than), the anesthesia component of curing is fused into removable liquid.Therefore, when temperature is elevated to when surpassing approximately-100 ℃, Desflurane (-108 ℃ approximately of fusing points) and isoflurane (-103 ℃ approximately of fusing points) melt and concentrate on the recovering hopper 57 from cold-trap/fractionator 25 lower areas 64.Selector valve 58 is aimed at simultaneously, so that liquid Desflurane and isoflurane enter among the low melting point collecting tank 24B by the gravity effect.Perhaps, Desflurane or isoflurane also can be collected among the jar 24A that contains Sevoflurane.Though liquid Desflurane and isoflurane preferably are collected among the identical jar 24B, also can adopt two independently collecting tank (not shown), one of every kind of component.

When cold-trap/fractionator temperature was elevated to above-90 ℃, the nitrous oxide of holding back (-90 ℃ approximately of fusing points) melted from the zone, middle and lower part 63 of cold-trap/fractionator 25 and concentrates on the recovering hopper 57.Selector valve 58 is aimed at simultaneously, so that liquid nitrous oxide enters middle fusing point collecting tank 24A by the gravity effect.Perhaps, nitrous oxide also can be collected among the jar 24B that contains Desflurane and/or isoflurane, perhaps adopts independently a jar (not shown) to collect nitrous oxide.When temperature further raise, selector valve 58 made recovering hopper 57 aim at middle fusing point collecting tank 24A.When temperature surpassed about-65 ℃, Sevoflurane (-67 ℃ approximately of fusing points) was collected in the recovering hopper 57 from zone, middle and upper part 62 fusings of the cooling coil 36 of cold-trap/fractionator 25, enters a jar 24A by the gravity effect.Similarly, when the temperature of cold-trap/fractionator 25 is increased to above freezing point, steam frost will enter high-melting-point collecting tank 23 through selector valve 58 from upper area 60 fusings.Collecting tank 24A and 24B can cool off and/or pressurize, so that the fluoro-ether of collecting is kept low-vapor pressure, to reduce evaporation loss as far as possible.Collecting tank 23,24A and 24B can have any suitable intensity and/or capacity, for example 55 gallons of cylinder of steels.

Like this, when from discarded anesthetic gases, removing fluoro-ether, make its fractionation, melt the frost of deposition and recovery respectively by selectivity then by desublimation/deposition and/or condensation/solidification.Except that fluoro-ether, above-mentioned recovery method and system also can be used for removing other suitable gas component from discarded gas stream.And, though having described, this embodiment utilize three common melting ranges to come fractionation anesthesia component, also can adopt more melting ranges or optionally narrower melting range in the time of suitably.

For large hospital 110, estimate that discarded anesthetic gases logistics is being 500-1 less than the speed by flowline 39 under the 2psig, 000 liter/minute (14-35 scfm) with 20-30 operating room.In the same large hospital 110, temperature is about-150 ℃, when pressure is about 50psig, Oxygen Flow go into the to flow mean flow rate of pipeline 21 is 1,000-2,000 liter/minute (60-100 scfm).Based on these flow velocitys, cold-trap/fractionator 25 preferably is designed and is configured to can hold back halohydrocarbon gas and 20 liters of water that (20 kilograms) freeze that 8 liters (10 kilograms) freeze before required thaw cycle.Perhaps, discarded gas system moves under elevated pressure, for example up to about 50psig, and raising the efficiency, yet, under this elevated pressure, can not anaesthetize the desublimation/deposition of component probably.

Because oxygen demand difference every day of facility 110, recovery system 1 adopts thermostatic control bypass valve 59 according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and existing heat exchanger 122 and cold-trap/fractionator 25 are kept best oxygen supply temperature in the flowline 27 of facility 110.Employing comprises that the control system (not shown) of flow velocity measuring device, temperature measuring apparatus and/or pressure measuring unit (not shown) controls the setting of

thermostatic control valve

33,59 automatically.Control system also comprises the circuit of controlling thaw cycle, extra control bypass valve 59 and selector valve 58 in the time of suitably.Because it is well known in the art selecting the design and the structure of determinator and control system, will be not described further here.The United States Patent (USP) 6,729,329 of authorizing the United States Patent (USP) 6,134,914 of Eschwey etc. and authorizing Berry is hereby expressly incorporated by reference.

At most of medical health facilities 110, above-mentioned recovery system 1 only needs following three add-on assembles to come executable operations: (1) is positioned at liquid oxygen source 120 additional and connected cold-trap/fractionators 25, (2) anesthetic gases be will discard and the pipe-line system of cold-trap/fractionator 25 and (3) collect the liquid halohydrocarbon of water and fractionation from recovery system 1 collecting tank 23,24A and 24B will be delivered to.Except liquid oxygen, also can use other liquid gas commonly used, for example liquid nitrogen etc. is as refrigeration source.The pipe-line system 39 that discarded anesthetic gases is delivered to system 1 can be designed to lower pressure, though the oxygen content in the air-flow can be up to 40-50%.Yet the oxygen of high percentage requires to require to take preventive measures at the oxygen cleaning when erection unit in the exhaust-gas flow pipeline 39.Institute's aerobic path does not preferably have grease, and oxygen security compliance country fire prevention relevant criterion 99 (National FireProtection Association standard 99) (NFPA 99).The oxygen path of heat exchanger 122 of flowing through also must be equipped with fail-safe, so that oxygen flow to facility 110 fully.Therefore, one preferred embodiment in, when constant temperature bypass valve 33 between turnoff time can not cut out in case block when flowing through cold-trap/fractionator 25, the oxygen flow over-heat-exchanger 122 in jars 120 arrives flowline 27 and facilities 110.

Fig. 8 has shown another embodiment of the present invention.Recovery system 2 is substantially the same with the recovery system 1 of Fig. 7, and just system 2 comprises two cold-trap that be arranged in parallel/fractionator 25A, 25B.When first cold-trap/when fractionator 25A was in thaw cycle, second cold-trap/fractionator 25B was with the cold-trap mode operation, vice versa.This configuration can be handled discarded anesthetic gases continuously.In a kind of version of this optional embodiment, can parallel adding the 3rd cold-trap/fractionator (not shown) standby.

As shown in Figure 8, each cold-trap/

fractionator

25A, 25B has thermostatic control valve 33A, the 33B of himself.Each cold-trap/

fractionator

25A, 25B also has relevant discarded

gas supply valve

82A, 82B, and

valve

82A, 82B and discarded gas bypassing valve 80 synergies are directed to and are in cold-trap/fractionator 25A, the 25B that holds back circulation thereby will discard anesthetic gases stream.When needing, each cold-trap/

fractionator

25A, 25B also can have air bleeding valve 86A, 86B.In addition,

drain valve

84A, 84B and selector valve 58 synergies are discharged the fluid among cold-trap/fractionator 25A, the 25B that is in the thawing pattern.The method of operation of recovery system 2 comprises

valve

33A, 33B, 82A, 82B, 84A, 84B, 86A, 86A, 58 and 59 location, preferably coordinates by the control system (not shown).Because the design of control system and structure are well known in the art, will no longer further discuss here.

Fig. 9 has shown the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.(that is, typically be lower than atmospheric pressure) under enough low pressure, one or more solidify the anesthesia component and can sublimate directly in the gas phase.Perhaps, one or more curing anesthetic can evaporate during thaw cycle, depend on the operating temperature and the pressure of cold-trap/fractionator 25.Recovery system 3 is substantially the same with the recovery system 1 of Fig. 7, and just system 3 is set up and is designed to be able to reclaim anesthetic gases the discarded anesthetic gases stream of during thaw cycle distillation or evaporation.

As shown in Figure 9, recovery system 3 comprises optional equipment, gas anesthesia agent collecting tank 24C for example, and valve 56 is collected in threeway, optionally vavuum pump 92 and optional nitrogen or other gas source 89 that have isolating valve 90.Collecting valve 56, threeway selector valve 29 and nitrogen isolating valve 90 (if any) is all preferably controlled by the control system (not shown) that uses in the top embodiment 1 shown in Figure 7.During the capture work pattern, the location of collecting valve 56 can make outlet connection 37 be communicated with steam vent 46 fluids.Discarded anesthetic gases 31 enters cold-trap/fractionator 25 by entering the mouth, by cooling coil 36 tops to capture steam, nitrous oxide, fluoro-ether and other volatility halohydrocarbon, then by export 37, nitrous oxide collects valve 56 and exhaust line 46 enters atmosphere.Because fluoro-ether and the narcotic density of other halohydrocarbon are generally greater than nitrogen or oxygen, the anesthetic gases of these distillations is concentrated gas (being nitrogen and the oxygen mostly) below that is positioned at any existence in cold-trap/fractionator 25.Therefore, during the thaw cycle, the anesthetic gases of these distillations just concentrates on all liq top, shell 130 bottom.Collect valve 56 and aim at, outlet connection 37 is communicated with anesthetic gases collecting tank 24C fluid.Can not be sublimed into steam but be fused into liquid solid anesthesia component then by mentioned earlier recovering hopper 57, selector valve 58 and collecting tank 24A, 24B collect.

The anesthetic gases of distillation reclaims by several different methods.First method, employing protectiveness nitrogen can make the anesthetic gases of the distillation that just is arranged in all liq levels top, shell 130 bottom move and concentrate on a jar 24C.Nitrogen or other suitable protection air-flow are crossed nitrogen isolating valve 90, enter cold-trap/fractionator 25 tops through inlet attack 31.Threeway selector valve 29 cuts out, so that shell 130 is isolated with steam vent 46 with from the discarded anesthetic gases of facility 110.Along with nitrogen flows into cold-trap/fractionator 25 tops, force the bigger anesthetic gases of density to flow out cold-trap/fractionator 25, by outlet connection 37, enter collecting tank 24C.After the anesthetic gases of all distillations was removed from cold-trap/fractionator 25, nitrogen isolating valve 90 cut out.All the other nitrogen from cold-trap/fractionator 25 through export 37, valve 56 and steam vent 46 discharge.

Second method adopts vavuum pump 92, and the anesthetic gases of the distillation above 25 suctions of cold-trap/fractionator just are arranged in shell 130 bottom all liq levels also is collected in a jar 24C.Equally, threeway selector valve 29 cuts out, so that shell 130 is isolated with passage 46 with from the discarded anesthetic gases of facility 110.Vavuum pump 92 passes through outlet 37 with the anesthetic gases of distillation from the suction of shell 130 bottoms, enters collecting tank 24C.After all anesthetic gaseses were removed from cold-trap/fractionator 25, vavuum pump 92 was out of service and reset the position of selector valve 56 in case a jar 24C is gone in fluid stopping.

During the thaw cycle, the anesthetic gases of distillation can mix with other gas in cold-trap/fractionator 25, and aforementioned recovery method was lost efficacy.In this case, adopt additive method, for example methods such as pressure oscillating absorption process, membrane separation process are separated nitrous oxide and other gas.The all gases isolation technics is being known in the art, and this paper is not described in detail.No matter adopt which kind of recovery method, the anesthetic gases of collection is preferably through reusing after the processing.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the anesthetic gases gathering-device of recovery system 3 (Fig. 9) combines with a plurality of cold-traps/fractionator 25A, the 25B of recovery system 2 (Fig. 8).

Figure 10 has shown discarded anesthetic gases collection of the high flow rate of a preferred implementation and recovery system 200, and this system comprises the compressor reducer with at least one stage, to improve the pressure of discarded anesthetic gases before reclaiming anesthetic gases in condensation.Recovery system 200 is similar to the discarded anesthetic gases recovery system 10 of aforementioned prior art shown in Figure 1, just comprises the compression stage that expansion valve 43 and one or more compressor reducer 42 provide.Compressor reducer 42 is preferably placed between discarded anesthetic

gases collector unit

15A, 15B, 15C and the condenser 22.Expansion valve 43 is preferably placed between condenser 22 and the receiver 45.

As shown in figure 10, common collection house steward 16 is collected and be discharged into to excessive anesthetic gases, patient's breath and air at 14A, 14B, 14C place by

Anesthesia machine

12A, 12B, 12C.Discarded anesthetic gases is collected house steward 16 and fixedly is suspended in the medical health facility usually, and

Anesthesia machine

12A, 12B, 12C locate removably to be connected in collection house steward 16 at the discarded anesthetic gases connector 18A of standard, 18B, 18C (for example 19 millimeters or 30 millimeters anesthesia connectors).Discarded anesthetic gases is collected house steward 16 in the low vacuum pressure (for example 5 cm Hgs) that is produced by compressor reducer 42 operation down.The discarded anesthetic gases of collecting is entered the phase I of single phase or multistage compressor reducer 42 by check-valves 35 by collection house steward 16.

In preferred embodiment, compressor reducer 42 is configured to the discarded anesthetic gases from

collector unit

15A, 15B, 15C to be compressed to the pressure up to 50psig, to carry out subsequent treatment in condensing unit 22.The pressure that preferably surpasses 50psig is to utilize the raising of incident separative efficiency and fractionation extraction effect.Adopt the multistage compressor reducer to avoid producing the problem relevant with high compression ratio, for example exhaust temperature is high and the increase of mechanical breakdown.Therefore, the compressor reducer manufacturer recommends compression ratio to be no more than 10: 1, especially in cryogenic applications.The multistage compressor reducer also than single phase compressor reducer more economically because the compression ratio of compression stage is saved the power cost follow than the young pathbreaker.Yet the compressor reducer 42 of system 200 only needs a compression stage, because estimate that compression ratio is no more than 10: 1.

Condenser 22 preferred employing liquid oxygens, liquid nitrogen, or the similar refrigerant of using always in hospital or other medical treatment, dentistry or the veterinary facilities from the general supply line of liquid gas.If the compression of discarded anesthetic gases surpasses the facility gas supply pressure and (for example, 50psig), in case internal leak takes place in the condenser unit 22, will have the pollution of discarded narcotic general refrigerant.Another preferred embodiment in, discarded anesthetic gases stream is compressed to the pressure that substantially exceeds 50psig, to improve separative efficiency and to promote separation and Extraction.But, when compression surpasses 50psig, recommend to adopt independently liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen or similar refrigerant supply, thereby in case avoid taking place in the condenser unit 22 internal leak, the medical health facility argoshield supply risk that anesthetic gases pollutes that goes out of use.

After the compression, discarded anesthetic gases flows through collection container or receiver 26A, makes the liquid of all compressed and condensations remove from the discarded anesthetic gases stream of compression and separate.Condensation is reclaimed before the anesthesia component, should remove any steam in the air-flow, freezes in condenser 22 to prevent the condensation of liquid water thing.The method for optimizing of removing the steam in the discarded anesthetic gases stream is to utilize the first condenser stage 222A (Figure 11), yet, also can adopt other dewatering, for example drying, absorption, filtration, semipermeable membrane or hydrophobic membrane etc.These different gas drying means can use in the random time before the anesthetic gases condensation, comprise before the compression stage.

Then, discarded anesthetic gases stream cooling in single phase or multistage condenser 22 of compression, the temperature of nitrous oxide and other anesthetic halohydrocarbon is reduced to a certain degree, goes up or be deposited on the condenser coil 136 (Figure 12) with the frost form thereby make steam be condensate in condenser coil 236B (Figure 11) with removable liquid form.The temperature and pressure that carries out condensation process has determined that the anesthetic gases component is to deposit with removable liquid form condensation or with the frost form.

After the anesthesia component was removed by condensation, remaining waste gas (mainly being made up of entrapped air) can enter atmosphere 46.Preferably, compressed exhaust gas carries out before the airborne release 46, earlier by expansion valve 43 and receiver 45.Expansion valve 43 is reduced to compressed exhaust gas atmospheric pressure and passes through the further cooled compressed waste gas of Joule-Thompson effect.Any other anesthesia component in the waste gas is by the condensation of Joule-Thompson adiabatic expansion.Waste gas carries out before the airborne release 46, and these anesthesia condensates are collected in the receiver 45.Yet more preferably, compressed exhaust gas carries out before the airborne release 46, and epimerite stream is by small-sized turbine 44 (Figure 13) or similar device and receiver 45 (Figure 13), to obtain the potential energy of compressed exhaust gas.Then, utilize the energy obtain to excite compressor reducer 42 or satisfy other energy requirement of this method and system.Waste gas carries out before the airborne release 46, waste gas is expanded in turbine 44 and any anesthesia component of condensation is collected in the receiver 45 equally.

And, carrying out before the airborne release, the heat integration between waste gas cooled and air-flow to be cooled can reduce the total cooling effectiveness of this method and system.For example, the compression of discarded anesthetic gases stream causes gas flow temperature to raise.Will discharge the discarded anesthetic gases stream that 46 waste gas cooled stream is used in this compression of cooling before the condensation, thereby reduce the total refrigerant demand of heat exchanger/condenser 22.

Berry has described two kinds of low temperature methods that reclaim the volatility halohydrocarbon from discarded anesthetic gases.First kind of United States Patent (USP) 6,729,329 (being hereby expressly incorporated by reference) described the use liquid oxygen anesthetic gases components condense become callable liquid condensate.Figure 11 has usually shown the method and system of ' 329 patents, the process improvement aspect the discarded anesthetic gases stream of feeding compression of this method and system.Because the dew-point temperature of the narcotic steam flow of common load raises with pressure, described recovery method is subjected to the remarkable of discarded anesthetic gases flowing pressure rising and wholesome effect.

One condenser unit 22 is provided, and it comprises first and second condenser 222A and the 222B.Outlet line 221 from the liquid oxygen of charging-tank 220 is communicated with the condenser coil 236B fluid of the second condenser pipe 222B.The outlet of condenser coil 236B is communicated with through the inlet fluid of flowline 225 with the coil pipe 236A of the first condenser pipe 222A.The outlet of coil pipe 236A is communicated with connected flowline (not shown) fluid in valve 214 and the medical health facility through flowline 227.

Flowline 239 is connected to the discarded anesthetic gases flowline of receiver 26A in the medical health facility (Figure 10 and 13) inlet of heat exchanger/condenser 222A.Coil pipe 236A porch oxygen flow temperature makes the oxygen flow temperature at valve 214 places be approximately room temperature by valve 233 thermostatic controls, promptly about 25 ℃.Discarded anesthetic gases enters heat exchanger/condenser 222A through flowline 239 at elevated temperatures owing to compress.The discarded anesthetic gases of compression at the top or the porch enter heat exchanger/condenser 222A, downwards by coil pipe 236A top, flow through the liquid oxygen heat-shift of coil pipe 236A in coil pipe 236A place and adverse current.Steam (above 0 ℃) under specified temp in the discarded anesthetic gases of compression is condensed into aqueous water, and this temperature depends on the pressure of the discarded anesthetic gases stream of compression.Then, aqueous water falls into jar 23 storages owing to the gravity effect and removes.

The Compressed Gas of cooling is transported to heat exchanger/condenser 222B top or porch through flowline 241 near the condenser pipe 222A bottom, applies this gas by described top or porch under greater than 0 ℃ temperature.The Compressed Gas that puts on heat exchanger/condenser 222B top cooling is by coil pipe 236B top, and described gas and adverse current are by the liquid oxygen heat-shift of coil pipe 236B.Oxygen from flowline 221 enters coil pipe 236B under about-150 ℃ temperature, and leaves coil pipe 236B through flowline 225 under higher temperature.When needing, bypass valve 235 in the middle of providing on pipeline 221 is so that the temperature of pipeline 225 in coil pipe 236A porch is about 0 ℃.Temperature reduces during by coil pipe 236B top from the discarded anesthetic gases of the compression of flowline 241, makes the halohydrocarbon liquefaction in the waste gas and enters in the collecting tank 24.All the other components of compressed exhaust gas (promptly harmless to atmosphere component) enter atmosphere through flowline 46, throttling by expansion valve 43 (Figure 10) to guide other anesthetic condensation, throttling, perhaps is further processed by existing catalyst technology (not shown) to obtain the potential energy of Compressed Gas by micro-turbine machine 44 (Figure 13).

Second application of awaiting the reply jointly that is entitled as " anesthetic gases recovery system and method " (" Anesthetic Gas ReclamationSystem and Method ") _/_, _ be hereby expressly incorporated by reference, this application has been described the application of batch mode frost fractional distillation process, wherein, the temperature of various anesthetic gaseses is reduced to the degree that to collect with the frost form at the cooling surface of cold-trap/fractionator.Cold-trap/fractionator periodic cycle is by the thawing stage, during discarded anesthetic gases by the time deposition caking cooling surface that forms the frost gas component heat up gradually to separate in succession and to collect the component of capturing.Figure 12 has shown that usually ' the system and method for _ patent application of awaiting the reply jointly, this system and method is improving aspect the discarded anesthetic gases stream of feeding compression.Yet, under various system pressures, keeping constant relatively because comprise the freezing point temperature of narcotic steam flow commonly used, this second kind discarded anesthetic gases recovery system and method can not be subjected to the appreciable impact that discarded anesthetic gases flowing pressure increases.

As shown in figure 12, has cooling coil 136 in the condenser unit 22 that constitutes by cold-trap/fractionator 125.The outlet line 121 of liquid oxygen charging-tank 120 is communicated with condenser coil 136 fluids of cold-trap/fractionator 125.The oxygen flow of coil pipe 136 porch is by valve 133 thermostatic controls.The existing heat exchanger 122 of liquid oxygen temperature of being used to raise preferably remain on liquid oxygen jar 120 and oxygen flow pipeline 127 between the appropriate location that is connected of cold-trap/fractionator 125 parallel fluids, with when cold-trap/fractionator 125 is asynchronous with facility oxygen demand, when in thaw cycle as described below, moving, the perhaps temperature of rising oxygen when (for example safeguard or between turn(a)round) not in service.When heat exchanger 122 does not re-use when middle, valve 129 is in closed condition usually.Oxygen from flowline 121 enters coil pipe 136 and leave coil pipe 136 under about 0 ℃ under about-150 ℃ temperature.The higher oxygen of temperature that the oxygen that is intended to utilize in the medical health facility can flow out by subsequent process or with heat exchanger 122 mix and the temperature that further raises to room temperature or suitable temperature.The outlet of coil pipe 136 is communicated with the flowline (not shown) fluid of valve 114 and connected medical health facility through flowline 127.

Flowline 139 will be connected to the inlet 131 of heat exchanger/condenser 125 from the discarded anesthetic gases flowline of medical health facility receiver 26A (Figure 10 and 13).Because compression, discarded anesthetic gases enters heat exchanger/condenser 125 through flowline 139 at elevated temperatures.The discarded anesthetic gases of compression enters heat exchanger/condenser 125 inlets 131 tops, downwards by coil pipe 136, passes through the liquid oxygen heat-shift of coil pipe 136 with adverse current on coil pipe 136.Discarded anesthetic gases enters atmosphere through joint 137 outflow heat exchangers/condenser 125 and by flowline 46.

This countercurrent heat exchange apparatus produces thermograde, and wherein the top of cold-trap/fractionator 125 is the hottest and bottom cold-trap/fractionator 125 is the coldest.The discarded anesthetic gases that the upper area of cold-trap/fractionator 125 cooling coils 136 will compress is cooled to-5 ℃ approximately, and steam is extracted on the coil pipe 136 with the frost form.Then, the zone, middle and upper part of cooling coil 136 will be compressed discarded anesthetic gases and be cooled to-60 ℃ approximately, make the Sevoflurane condensation and be solidificated on the coil pipe 136.Then, nitrous oxide is extracted by condensation and solidification in zone, middle and lower part 163 under about-90 ℃ temperature, at last, the lower area 164 of cooling coil 136 extracts isoflurane and Desflurane on the coil pipe 136 by condensation and solidification at (-100 ℃ to-110 ℃ approximately) under the minimum temperature.Perhaps, if heat exchanger/condenser 125 under low pressure moves (being vacuum pressure), then anaesthetize directly desublimation/deposit on the coil pipe 136 and can at first not form liquid state of component.Other component (promptly harmless to atmosphere component) of the discarded anesthetic gases of compression enters atmosphere through flowline 46, throttling by expansion valve 43 (Figure 10) to guide extra anesthetic condensation, throttling is by micro-turbine machine 44 (Figure 13), to obtain the potential energy of Compressed Gas, perhaps further handle by existing catalyst technology.

Cold-trap/fractionator 125 periodically cycles through melting process, to remove the frost on the cooling coil 136.The thawing of coil pipe 136 is reduced by thermostatic control valve 133 or resistance system liquid oxygen of stream comes to realize.This makes cold-trap/fractionator 125 be elevated to room temperature by with surrounding environment the heat transfer taking place.In another embodiment, by while relief valve 159 and shut off valve 133,154, the oxygen that future, automatic heat-exchanger 122 was heated partially or completely mediates by cooling coil 136.In another embodiment, other fluid (not shown) guiding can be controlled thawing by cooling coil 136.

Infundibulate recovering hopper 157 forms the minimum point of heat exchanger/condensers 125, preferably enters four-way selector valve 158, and 158 on valve is communicated with anesthetic collecting tank 24A, 24B and water collecting tank 23 fluids.When the temperature of coil pipe 136 during the thawing stage is elevated to when surpassing approximately-100 ℃, Desflurane (fusing point is-108 ℃ approximately under the atmospheric pressure) and isoflurane (fusing point is-103 ℃ approximately under the atmospheric pressure) melt and concentrate on the recovering hopper 157 from the lower area 164 of cold-trap/fractionator 125.Selector valve 158 is aimed at simultaneously, so that liquid Desflurane and isoflurane are transported among collecting tank 24A, the 24B one by the gravity effect.Surpass-90 ℃ along with cold-trap/fractionator continues to be warmed up to, the nitrous oxide of capture melts from zone, cold-trap/fractionator 125 middle and lower parts 163 and concentrates on the recovering hopper 157.Selector valve 158 is aimed at simultaneously, so that liquid nitrous oxide is transported among collecting tank 24A, the 24B one by the gravity effect.When temperature further was elevated to above-65 ℃, Sevoflurane (fusing point is-67 ℃ approximately under the atmospheric pressure) melted from zone, cooling coil 136 middle and upper parts 162 and concentrates on the recovering hopper 157.Selector valve 158 is aimed at simultaneously, so that liquid Sevoflurane is transported among collecting tank 24A, the 24B one by the gravity effect.Similarly, along with cold-trap/fractionator 125 continues to heat up, steam frost will be transported in the water collecting tank 23 from upper area 160 fusings and by selector valve 158 when surpassing 0 ℃.By this method, fluoro-ether has been realized fractionation when removing from discarded anesthetic gases.

Figure 13 has shown another embodiment according to the present invention, and the discarded anesthetic gases of the low flow velocity that uses in hospital, surgery, dentistry, animal doctor or other medical health facility is collected and recovery system 500.Recovery system 500 is identical with the recovery system 200 of Figure 10 mentioned above, just replace expansion valve 43, and add near anesthesia place 15A, 15B, 15C place or intelligent discarded anesthetic gases collector unit 30A, 30B, the 30C it that is arranged on medical health facility with turbine 44.As awaiting the reply jointly described in the application 11/266,966 of Berry, intelligent discarded anesthetic gases collector unit 30A, 30B, 30C preferably near 16 each branch's inner fluids of the collection house steward the discarded anesthetic gases connector 18A of standard, 18B, 18C are communicated with.Each intelligent gas collection unit 30A, 30B, 30C comprise: collecting chamber 32A, 32B, 32C; Air bleeding valve 34A, 34B, 34C are optionally to isolate the suction of collecting house steward 16 in each anesthesia place when not producing discarded anesthetic gases; And relevant pressure sensor 40A, 40B, 40C, circuit, controller or mechanism, to handle air bleeding valve 34A, 34B, 34C.Collecting chamber 32,32B, 32C can be rigidity, flexibility (for example flexible bag) or both combinations.

With reference to Figure 13, discarded anesthetic gases enters from

Anesthesia machine

12A, 12B, 12C, by 19 millimeters, 30 millimeters or similarly the discarded anesthetic gases connector 18A of standard, 18B, 18C enter

chamber

32A, 32B,

32C.In chamber

32A, 32B, the 32C be be positioned at that

chamber

32A, 32B, 32C discharge side pass through solenoid operated

air bleeding valve

34A, 34B, voltage sensitive sensor 40A, the 40B of 34C electric connection, 40C.The pressure that pressure

sensor

40A, 40B, 40C measure is the pressure and extraneous (environment) atmospheric difference of

chamber

32A, 32B, 32C.If the pressure in

chamber

32A, 32B, the 32C is elevated to a little higher than environmental pressure,

pressure sensor

40A, 40B, 40C detect pressure and raise, and open

air bleeding valve

34A, 34B, 34C by control

circuit.Relief valve

34A, 34B, 34C make

chamber

32A, 32B, 32C be communicated with vacuum source fluid among the collection house steward 16, reduce the pressure among

chamber

32A, 32B, the 32C fast.When room pressure during near environmental pressure,

sensor

40A, 40B, 40C detect pressure and descend, and

air bleeding valve

34A, 34B, 34C close simultaneously.

Discarded anesthetic gases is collected low vacuum pressure (for example 5 cm Hgs) operation down that house steward 16 produces at compressor reducer 42.Therefore, when not producing discarded anesthetic gases, prevent to collect house steward's 16 entrainment of room air and can reduce average anesthetic to remove flow velocity about 90%, thereby reduced the essential capacity of compressor reducer 42, heat exchanger/condenser 22, pipe-line system and relevant other hardware.For large hospital with 20-30 operating room, estimate 500-1000 liter in the prior art recovery system 10 shown in Figure 1/minute discarded anesthetic gases flow velocity will be reduced to the flow velocity 50-100 liter of recovery system 500 shown in Figure 13/minute.And low flow velocity scavenge system provides the mode that more effectively reclaims discarded anesthetic gases by condensation, because only need the gas cooled of the less volume condensation temperature to various anesthetic gaseses.

The waste gas stream that vacuum house steward 16 collects arrives compressor reducer 42 by check-valves 35.Compressor reducer 42 has a compression stage, and its scale can be elevated to the pressure from the discarded anesthetic gases of collector unit 30A, 30B, 30C above atmospheric pressure, handles in condensing unit 22 subsequently.After the compression, discarded anesthetic gases is by collection container or receiver 26A, makes all compressed and liquid condensation is removed from the discarded anesthetic gases stream of compression and separated.Then, discarded anesthetic gases stream cooling in multistage condenser 22 of compression, the temperature of nitrous oxide and other anesthetic halohydrocarbon is reduced to a certain degree, thereby makes steam be condensate in condenser coil 236B (Figure 11) (referring to the description of Figure 11) with removable liquid form.Perhaps, also can adopt single phase cold-trap/fractionator 125 (Figure 12) to come condensation and collection condenser coil 136 (Figure 12) to go up the steam (referring to the description of Figure 12) of frost form.It is to deposit with removable liquid form condensation or with the frost form that the temperature and pressure that carries out condensation process is being controlled the anesthetic gases component.Liquid anesthetic condensate is collected among collecting tank 24A, the 24B, and the condensation of liquid water thing is collected in the collection container 23.

As mentioned above, preferred compressed waste gas before carrying out airborne release 46 at first throttling by micro-turbine machine 44 or similar device, to obtain the potential energy of compressed exhaust gas.Then, utilize the energy obtain to excite compressor reducer 42 or satisfy other energy requirement of described method and system.Reduction compression work anesthetic gases stream can cause other anesthesia components condense by the pressure of turbine 44.Therefore, provide receiver 45 to collect these anesthetic condensates, then all the other waste gas are entered atmosphere 46.

The preferred implementation of the discarded anesthetic gases recovery system of self-contained type is set up and is designed to the infrastructure of medical health facility and the dependence minimum of supply.Come other system of condensation gaseous state anesthetic component different with needing medical health facility supply liquid oxygen and/or liquid nitrogen, system described herein only needs mechanical or electrical energy to move.And the present invention only needs the waste gas that steam vent discharges does not have the anesthetic component, and does not need large-scale exhaust treatment system.Therefore, preferred embodiment be the self-contained type comparatively speaking, can easily incorporate in internal medicine clinic, veterinary clinic or the dental clinic.[relatively large, more conventional discarded anesthetic gases recovery system (for example in the hospital commonly used those) in the environment of above-mentioned clinic because its super scale and cost and impracticable.]

Figure 14 has shown the heat exchanger/condenser 222 of the preferred embodiment for the present invention, and it cools off the anesthetic gases component that flows with the discarded anesthetic gases of condensation by the intermediate heat transfer fluid communication heat with adverse current.Then, adopt freezing unit 270 that conventional electric energy or mechanical energy drives at heat transfer fluid (DuPont for example

95 or similarly superfreeze agent) turn back to before heat exchanger/condenser 222 its cooling.Adopt independently freezing unit 270 to cool off heat transfer fluid or refrigerant just no longer needs medical health facility supply liquid nitrogen and/or liquid oxygen.DuPont

The 95th, preferred refrigerant is because use in the industrial standard of (between-40 ℃ to-101 ℃) DuPont at medical freezer unit and other ultralow temperature

95 can significantly reduce the exhaust temperature of compressor reducer, thereby increase the reliability and the compressor life of system greatly, and it also is environmentally friendly refrigerant simultaneously.

As shown in figure 14, heat transfer fluid flows through the coil pipe 236 of heat exchanger/condenser 222, absorbs heat and evaporates from the anesthetic gases component, is condensate on the outer surface of coil pipe 236.Then, adopt one or more freezing stages, by the steam compressed process cooling of routine intermediate heat transfer fluid.This moment, the heat transfer fluid to small part evaporation saturated (or overheated slightly) was compressed to higher pressure in compressor reducer 272.Compression causes heat transfer fluid overheat in compressor reducer 272 exits (that is, being issued to the temperature higher than saturated with fluid temperature in elevated pressure).Then, adopt suitable cooling agent (preferred air) that overheated fluid is cooled off and condensation in heat exchanger/condenser 274.Then, the fluid of condensation throttling under elevated pressure passing through expansion valve 72 is to lower pressure.At this moment, the heat transfer fluid of mainly being made up of liquid and a small amount of steam is ready in heat exchanger/condenser 222 the anesthetic gases component absorption heat from condensation once more.

As the optional mode of conventional freezing system, adopt the lower temperature (promptly being significantly less than-73 ℃) that cryogenic freezing unit (not shown) is cooled to the intermediate heat transfer fluid even ratio can reach with the conventional freezing system.In order to make the very high gaseous state anesthetic component of vapour pressure (being that freezing point is lower than-73 ℃ anesthetic) condensation, adopt the sub-cooled heat transfer fluid to cool off and the above-mentioned anesthetic component of condensation.The cryogenic freezing process, for example simple Linde or Joule-Thompson circulation are well-known in the art, will no longer describe here.

Figure 15 has shown that according to the preferred embodiment for the present invention the discarded anesthetic gases of the low flow velocity that uses is collected and recovery system 300 in internal medicine clinic, dental clinic, small-sized veterinary clinic or other medical health facility.Recovery system 300 is similar to the discarded anesthetic gases recovery system 10 of prior art shown in Figure 1, just added micro-turbine machine 344, one or more compression stages that compressor reducer 342 provides, and be positioned at medical health facility anesthesia 315 places, clinic or near the intelligent discarded anesthetic gases collector unit 330 it.Compressor reducer 342 is preferably placed between intelligent discarded anesthetic gases collector unit 330 and the condenser 322.Micro-turbine machine 344 is preferably placed between condenser 322 and the steam vent 346.

Described in the application of awaiting the reply jointly 11/266,966 of Berry, intelligent discarded anesthetic gases collector unit 330 is preferred to be communicated with near collection import 316 fluids of the discarded anesthetic gases connector of standard 318.Intelligent gas collection unit 330 comprises: collecting chamber 332; Air bleeding valve 334 is optionally to isolate the suction of collecting import 316 in each anesthesia place when not producing discarded anesthetic gases; And relevant pressure sensor 340, circuit, controller or mechanism, to handle air bleeding valve 334.Collecting chamber 322 can be rigidity, flexibility (for example flexible bag) or both combinations.

With reference to Figure 15, discarded anesthetic gases enters from Anesthesia machine 312, by 19 millimeters, 30 millimeters or similarly the discarded anesthetic gases connector 318 of standard enter chamber 332.In the chamber 332 be and the pressure-sensitive sensor 340 that passes through solenoid operated air bleeding valve 334 electric connections that is positioned at chamber 322 discharge sides.The pressure that pressure sensor 340 is measured is the pressure and extraneous (environment) atmospheric difference of chamber 332.If the pressure in the chamber 332 is elevated to a little higher than environmental pressure, pressure sensor 340 just detects pressure and raises, and opens air bleeding valve 334 by control circuit.Vacuum source fluid during relief valve 334 makes chamber 332 and collects import 316 is communicated with, thereby reduces the pressure in the chamber 332 fast.When room pressure during near environmental pressure, sensor 340 detects pressure and descends, and air bleeding valve 334 is closed simultaneously.

Discarded anesthetic gases is collected low vacuum pressure (for example 5 cm Hgs) operation down that import 316 produces at compressor reducer 342.If do not use compressor reducer 342 in the system 300, need between collection import 316 and steam vent 346, the vavuum pump (not shown) be set so, with the low vacuum pressure that in collecting import 316, produces.Do not produce when discarding anesthetic gases, prevent to collect import 316 entrainment of room air and can reduce average anesthetic to remove flow velocity about 90%, thereby reduced the essential capacity of compressor reducer 342, heat exchanger/condenser 322, pipe-line system and relevant other hardware (not shown).For large hospital with 20-30 operating room, estimate to adopt in the recovery system 10 of prior art shown in Figure 1 discarded anesthetic gases flow velocity be the 500-1000 liter/minute.Low flow velocity scavenge system this anesthetic gases flow velocity can be reduced to the 50-100 liter/minute.The system shown in Figure 15 300 that is applicable to less medical health facility is designed to anesthetic gases flow velocity 1-20 liter/milliliter.Yet low flow velocity scavenge system provides the mode that more effectively reclaims discarded anesthetic gases by condensation, and regardless of the anesthetic gases flow velocity, because only need the gas cooled of the less volume condensation temperature to various anesthetic gaseses.

The waste gas stream of collecting arrives compressor unit 342 from collecting import 316 by check-valves 335.One preferred embodiment in, compressor reducer 342 is configured to the discarded anesthetic gases from collector unit 330 to be compressed to a little higher than atmospheric pressure, to carry out subsequent treatment in condensing unit 322.The pressure that preferably surpasses 50psig is to utilize the raising of incident separative efficiency and fractionation extraction effect.Adopt the multistage compressor reducer to avoid producing the problem relevant with high compression ratio, for example exhaust temperature is high and the increase of mechanical breakdown.Therefore, the compressor reducer manufacturer recommends compression ratio to be no more than 10: 1, especially in cryogenic applications.The multistage compressor reducer also than single phase compressor reducer more economically because the compression ratio of compression stage is saved the power cost follow than the young pathbreaker.Yet the compressor reducer 342 of system 300 only needs a compression stage, because estimate that compression ratio is no more than 10: 1.

After the compression, discarded anesthetic gases is by collection container or receiver 326, makes all compressed and liquid condensation is removed from the discarded anesthetic gases stream of compression and separated.Condensation is reclaimed before the anesthesia component, should remove any steam in the air-flow, freezes in condenser 322 to prevent the condensation of liquid water thing.The method for optimizing of removing the steam in the discarded anesthetic gases stream is to utilize the first condenser stage 422A (Figure 16), yet, also can adopt other dewatering, for example drying, absorption, filtration, semipermeable membrane or hydrophobic membrane etc.These gas drying means can use in the random time before the anesthetic gases condensation, comprise before the compression stage.

Then, discarded anesthetic gases stream cooling in single phase or multistage condenser 322 of compression, the temperature of nitrous oxide and other anesthetic halohydrocarbon is reduced to a certain degree, thereby steam is condensate on the condenser coil 436B (Figure 16) with the form of removable liquid, perhaps is deposited on the condenser coil 536 (Figure 17) with the frost form.It is to deposit with removable liquid form condensation or with the frost form that the temperature and pressure that carries out condensation process is being controlled the anesthetic gases component.For system shown in Figure 15 300, preferably has the condenser 322 of at least two stage 422A, 422B (Figure 16).Phase I 422A (Figure 16) is used for removing the steam of discarded anesthetic gases stream, and second stage 422B (Figure 16) then is used for condensation anesthetic.Liquid anesthetic condensate (not fractionation) is collected in the container 324, and the condensation of liquid water thing then is collected in the container 323, two container emptyings regularly.

Special-purpose heat transfer fluid flows through coil pipe 436A, the 436A, 536 (Figure 16 and 17) of condenser 322, is used for cooling and condensation anesthetic gases component.Then, at heat transfer fluid (DuPont for example 95 or similarly superfreeze agent) before Returning heat-exchanger/condenser 322, adopt conventional electric energy freezing unit 370 with its cooling.In conjunction with as described in Figure 14, adopt one or more freezing stages as the front, by the steam compressed process cooling of routine intermediate heat transfer fluid.Adopt independently freezing unit 370 to cool off heat transfer fluid or refrigerant just no longer needs medical health facility supply liquid nitrogen and/or liquid oxygen.But, in hospital or other medical treatment, dentistry or veterinary facilities, also can adopt the liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen or the similar refrigerant that obtain by the general source of supply of liquid gas to replace special-purpose heat transfer fluid.If discarded anesthetic gases is compressed to the gas supply pressure (for example 50psig) that exceeds facility, in case internal leak take place condenser unit 322 so, the then general freezing source of supply anesthetic gases that will go out of use pollutes.Therefore, when using liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen or similar refrigerant, press at discarded anesthetic gases to surpass under the situation of 50psig, recommend to adopt independently source of supply, with the go out of use risk of anesthetic gases pollution of the argoshield source of supply of avoiding medical health facility.

After the anesthesia component was removed by condensation, remaining waste gas (mainly being made up of entrapped air) can enter atmosphere 346.Yet more preferably compressed exhaust gas carries out before the airborne release 346, and at first throttling is by micro-turbine machine 344 or similar device, to obtain the potential energy of compressed exhaust gas.Then, utilize the energy excitation compressor reducer 342 that obtains or other energy requirement that satisfies this method and system.Other anesthetic component in the waste gas also can be by expanding and condensation in turbine 344.These anesthetic condensates concentrated in the receiver 345 before waste gas carries out airborne release 346.

And, carrying out before the airborne release, the heat integration between waste gas cooled and the air-flow to be cooled can reduce the total cooling effectiveness of this method and system.For example, the compression of discarded anesthetic gases stream causes gas flow temperature to raise.Wait to discharge 346 cooling exhaust stream and be used in the discarded anesthetic gases stream of this compression of cooling before the condensation, with the total refrigerant demand of reduction heat exchanger/condenser 322.

Berry has described two kinds of low temperature methods that reclaim the volatility halohydrocarbon from discarded anesthetic gases.First kind also is United States Patent (USP) 6,729,329 (being hereby expressly incorporated by reference) more preferably, and it has been described the use liquid oxygen anesthetic gases components condense is become callable liquid condensate.Figure 16 has usually shown the system and method for ' 329 patents, feeds the discarded anesthetic gases stream of compression and with special-purpose heat transfer fluid (DuPont for example through improvement to adapt to

95 or similarly superfreeze agent) replace liquid oxygen.Because the dew-point temperature of the typical narcotic steam flow of load raises with pressure, the discarded anesthetic gases flowing pressure that the recovery method of first kind of discarded anesthetic gases is fed raises remarkable and wholesome effect.

One condenser unit 422 is provided, and it comprises first and second condenser 422A and the 422B.The outlet line 421 that is used to cool off heat transfer fluid from freezing unit 270 is communicated with the condenser coil 436B fluid of the second condenser pipe 422B.The outlet of condenser coil 436B is communicated with through the inlet fluid of flowline 425 with the first condenser pipe 422A coil pipe 436A.The outlet of coil pipe 436A is communicated with through the inlet fluid of flowline 427 with small frozen unit 270 (Figure 14).

Flowline 439 is connected to the discarded anesthetic gases flowline of the receiver in the medical health facility 326,626 (Figure 15 and 18) inlet of heat exchanger/condenser 422.Discarded anesthetic gases enters owing to compress and enters heat exchanger/condenser 422 through flowline 439 at elevated temperatures.The discarded anesthetic gases of compression at the top or the porch enter heat exchanger/condenser 422A, downwards by coil pipe 436A top, flow through the heat transfer fluid heat-shift of coil pipe 436A in coil pipe 436A place and adverse current.Steam (above 0 ℃) under specified temp in the discarded anesthetic gases of compression is condensed into aqueous water, and this temperature depends on the pressure of the discarded anesthetic gases stream of compression.Then, aqueous water is owing to the gravity effect falls into jar 423, so that store and remove.

The Compressed Gas of cooling is transported to heat exchanger/condenser 422B bottom or porch through flowline 441 near the container 422A bottom, applies this gas by described bottom or porch under greater than 0 ℃ temperature.The Compressed Gas that puts on heat exchanger/condenser 422B top cooling is by coil pipe 436B top, and described gas and adverse current are by the heat transfer fluid heat-shift of coil pipe 436B.Heat-exchange fluid from flowline 421 enters coil pipe 436B and leaves coil pipe 436B with higher temperature through flowline 425 under about-90 ℃ temperature.When needing, bypass valve 437 in the middle of providing on pipeline 421 is so that the temperature of pipeline 425 in coil pipe 436A porch is about 0 ℃.Temperature reduces during by coil pipe 436B top from the discarded anesthetic gases of the compression of flowline 441, makes the liquefaction of waste gas halohydrocarbon and enters in the collecting tank 424.All the other components of compressed exhaust gas (promptly harmless to atmosphere component) enter atmosphere through flowline 446, and throttling, perhaps is further processed by existing catalyst technology (not shown) to guide other anesthetic condensation by expansion valve 643 (Figure 18).

Second application of awaiting the reply jointly that is entitled as " anesthetic gases recovery system and method " (" Anesthetic Gas ReclamationSystem and Method ") _/_, _ be hereby expressly incorporated by reference, this application has been described the application of batch mode frost fractional distillation process, wherein, the temperature of various anesthetic gaseses is reduced to a certain degree, makes it can be at the cooling surface of cold-trap/fractionator with condensation of frost form and collection.Cold-trap/fractionator periodic cycle is by the thawing stage, during discarded anesthetic gases by the time deposition caking cooling surface that forms the frost gas component heat up gradually, to separate in succession and to collect the component of capturing.Figure 17 has shown that usually ' system and method for the patent application of awaiting the reply jointly, this system and method be through improvement, to adapt to the discarded anesthetic gases stream that feeds compression and with special-purpose heat transfer fluid (for example 95 or similarly superfreeze agent) replace liquid oxygen.Yet, under various system pressures, keeping constant relatively because comprise the freezing point temperature of narcotic steam flow commonly used, this second kind discarded anesthetic gases recovery system and method can not be subjected to the appreciable impact that discarded anesthetic gases flowing pressure increases.

As shown in figure 17, by having cooling coil 536 in cold-trap/fractionator or the condenser unit 522.Outlet line 521 from the heat transfer fluid of the cooling of freezing unit 570 is communicated with condenser coil 536 fluids of cold-trap/fractionator 522.The cooling heat transfer fluid stream of coil pipe 536 porch is by valve 533 thermostatic controls.Entering coil pipe 536 under-90 ℃ the temperature approximately, under about 0 ℃, leave coil pipe 536 from the heat transfer fluid of the cooling of flowline 521.The outlet of coil pipe 536 is communicated with through the inlet fluid of flowline 527 with small frozen unit 570.

Flowline 539 will be connected to the inlet 531 of heat exchanger/condenser 522 from the discarded anesthetic gases flowline of the receiver 326,626 (Figure 15 and 18) of medical health facility.Discarded anesthetic gases enters the temperature of heat exchanger/condenser 522 owing to compression raises through flowline 539.The discarded anesthetic gases of compression enters heat exchanger/condenser 522 inlets 531 tops, downwards by coil pipe 436, passes through the heat transfer fluid heat-shift of coil pipe 536 with adverse current on coil pipe 536.Discarded anesthetic gases enters atmosphere through joint 537 outflow heat exchangers/condenser 522 and by flowline 546.

The design of this counterflow heat exchanger produces thermograde, and wherein the top of cold-trap/fractionator 522 is the hottest and bottom cold-trap/fractionator 522 is the coldest.The discarded anesthetic gases that the upper area 560 of the cooling coil 536 of cold-trap/fractionator 522 will compress is cooled to-5 ℃ approximately, and steam is extracted on the coil pipe 536 with the frost form.Then, the central region 562,563 of cooling coil 536 will be compressed discarded anesthetic gases and be cooled to-60 ℃ approximately, make the Sevoflurane condensation and be solidificated on the coil pipe 536.At last, lower area 564 under about-90 ℃ temperature by condensation and solidification extract nitrous oxide or, if heat exchanger/condenser 525 under low pressure moves (being vacuum pressure), then anaesthetize directly desublimation/deposit on the coil pipe 536 of component, and can at first not form liquid state.And, if discarded anesthetic gases contains isoflurane (-103 ℃ approximately of fusing points) and/or Desflurane (-108 ℃ approximately of fusing points), so subcooled heat transfer fluid or liquid gas (for example liquid oxygen or liquid nitrogen) need and be cured on the lower area 564 of coil pipe 536 these anesthetic components condense.

The preferred throttling of the remaining ingredient (promptly harmless to atmosphere component) of the discarded anesthetic gases of compression is by micro-turbine machine 344 (Figure 15), to obtain the potential energy of Compressed Gas.Perhaps, these compressed exhaust gas enter atmosphere through flowline 546, and throttling to guide other anesthetic component coolings, is perhaps further handled (not shown) through existing catalyst technology by expansion valve 643 (Figure 18).

Cold-trap/fractionator 522 periodically cycles through melting process, to remove the frost on the cooling coil 536.The thawing of coil pipe 536 is reduced by thermostatic control valve 533 or resistance heats and transmits fluid and flow through and realize.This makes cold-trap/fractionator 522 be elevated to room temperature by with the surrounding environment that is in environment temperature the heat transfer taking place.In another embodiment, other fluid (not shown) guiding can be controlled thawing by cooling coil 536.

Infundibulate recovering hopper 557 forms the minimum point of heat exchanger/condensers 522, preferably enters four-

way selector valve

558, and 558 on valve is communicated with anesthetic collecting tank 524A, 524B and water collecting tank 523 fluids.When coil pipe 536 temperature during the thawing stage are elevated to when surpassing approximately-90 ℃, nitrous oxide is from lower area 564 fusings of cold-trap/fractionator 522 and concentrate on the recovering hopper 557.Selector valve 558 is aimed at simultaneously, so that liquid nitrous oxide is transported among collecting tank 524A, the 524B one by the gravity effect.Surpass-65 ℃ along with temperature continues to be elevated to, Sevoflurane (fusing point is-67 ℃ approximately under the atmospheric pressure) is from coil pipe 536 central region, 562,563 fusings and concentrate on the recovering hopper 557.Selector valve 558 is aimed at simultaneously, so that liquid Sevoflurane is transported among collecting tank 524A, the 524B another by the gravity effect.Similarly, along with cold-trap/fractionator 522 continues to heat up, when surpassing 0 ℃, steam frost will be transported in the water collecting tank 523 from upper area 560 fusings and by selector valve 558.By this method, fluoro-ether has been realized fractionation when being removed from discarded anesthetic gases.

Figure 18 has shown that according to a preferred embodiment of the invention the discarded anesthetic gases that uses in internal medicine clinic, dental clinic, small-sized veterinary clinic or other medical health facility is collected and recovery system 600.Recovery system 600 is similar with the discarded anesthetic gases recovery system 300 of Figure 15 mentioned above, and its similar part is that as system 300, system 600 only needs operational power (not shown), discarded anesthetic gases stream 615 source and steam vents 646.But system 600 also is set up and is designed to compact self-contained type unit, so that be placed on Anesthesia machine 612 sides in the ward.Preferably, system 600 is one and seals unit 602 that its cumulative volume occupies about one cubic feet.System 600 comprises heat exchanger/condenser 622, by the intermediate heat transfer fluid with cooling in small frozen unit 670 carry out countercurrent heat exchange cool off with the discarded anesthetic gases stream of condensation in the anesthetic gases component.Randomly, system 600 can comprise small-sized compressor reducer 642 and receiver 626, and/or expansion valve 643 (or micro-turbine machine 344 (Figure 15)) and receiver 645.In addition, system 600 also can comprise the discarded anesthetic gases collector unit 630 of low flow velocity.

Shown in Figure 180 preferred embodiment in, system 600 comprises compressor reducer 642 and receiver 626 and expansion valve 643 and receiver 645.Discarded anesthetic gases is collected and recovery system 600 be designed to handle flow velocity be the 1-20 liter/minute anesthetic gases, this system is by attachable flowline 606 and existing high flow rate 615, and perhaps preferred low flow velocity 630 anesthetic gases collector units are communicated with.Discarded anesthetic gases is collected low vacuum pressure (for example 5 cm Hgs) operation down that import 616 produces with compressor reducer 642, and compressor reducer is preferably placed between import 616 and the heat exchanger/condenser 622.The anesthetic gases stream of collecting arrives compressor reducer 642 from collecting import 616 by check-valves 635.Compressor reducer 642 has single compression stage, and it is configured to the pressure from the discarded anesthetic gases of collector unit 615,630 is elevated to superatmospheric pressure, so that carry out subsequent treatment in condensing unit 622.

After the compression, discarded anesthetic gases flows through collection container or receiver 626, makes the liquid of all compressed and condensations remove from the discarded anesthetic gases stream of compression and separate.Then, discarded anesthetic gases stream cooling in multistage condenser 622 of compression, the temperature of nitrous oxide and other anesthetic halohydrocarbons is reduced to a certain degree, goes up (referring to the description of Figure 16) thereby make steam be condensate in condenser coil 436B (Figure 16) with removable liquid form.Perhaps, single phase condenser 522 (Figure 17) also are used in the steam (referring to the description of Figure 17) that condenser coil 536 (Figure 17) is gone up condensation and collection frost form.The temperature and pressure that carries out condensation process has determined that the anesthetic gases component is to deposit with removable liquid form condensation or with the frost form.For system shown in Figure 180 600, preferably has the condenser 622 of at least two stage 422A, 422B (Figure 16).Phase I 422A (Figure 16) is used for removing the steam of discarded anesthetic gases stream, and second stage 422B (Figure 16) is used for condensation anesthetic.Liquid anesthetic condensate (not fractionation) is collected in low capacity (the promptly 1 liter) container 624, and the condensation of liquid water thing is collected in low capacity (the promptly 1 liter) container 623, two container emptyings regularly.

The special-purpose heat transfer fluid that coil pipe 436A, the 436A, 536 (Figure 16 and 17) of condenser 622 are flow through in employing cools off and the discarded anesthetic gases component of condensation.Then, at heat transfer fluid (DuPont for example

95 or similar superfreeze agent) get back to before heat exchanger/condenser 622, adopt conventional electric power freezing unit 670 with its cooling.As above in conjunction with Figure 14, adopt one or more freezing stages, by the steam compressed process cooling of routine intermediate heat transfer fluid.Adopt independently freezing unit 670 to cool off heat transfer fluid or refrigerant just no longer needs medical health facility supply liquid nitrogen and/or liquid oxygen.But, in hospital or other medical treatment, dentistry or veterinary facilities, also can adopt by the general source of supply of liquid gas and obtain the heat transfer fluid that liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen or similar refrigerant replace special use.

After the anesthetic component was removed by condensation, remaining compressed exhaust gas (mainly being made up of entrapped air) preferably by expansion valve 643 and receiver 645, carried out airborne release 646 then.Expansion valve 643 is reduced to atmospheric pressure with compressed exhaust gas, and by the further cooling exhaust of Joule-Thompson effect.Other remaining in waste gas anesthetic component can be passed through the condensation of Joule-Thompson adiabatic expansion.These anesthetic condensates concentrated in the receiver 645 before carrying out airborne release 646.

Then, the preferred employing waited to discharge 646 waste gas cooled and cool off the compression that feeds discard anesthetic gases in counterflow heat exchanger 680.This has just reduced the demand of 622 pairs of refrigerants of heat exchanger/condenser, thereby has reduced the total operating cost of system 600.The waste gas throttling heats up by valve 643 and in interchanger 680, is discharged in the existing steam vent 646 of medical health facility by attachable flowline 637 then.

Write specification digest and only be in order to allow United States Patent (USP) trademark office and the general public by browsing technological property and the technical essential that can determine technical specification fast roughly, it has only been represented preferred embodiment rather than has showed whole character of the present invention.

Though describe some embodiment of the present invention in detail, the present invention is not limited to illustrated embodiment; Those skilled in the art can understand the further improvement and the improved form of above-mentioned embodiment.These improvement and improvement are within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (according to the modification of the 19th of treaty)

Revised claim 1, the entrance and exit of clear and definite first Room fluid each other is communicated with, and is drawn into the vacuum house steward with the air-flow that will comprise discarded anesthetic gases component from the outlet of first Room.The prior art of being quoted, it is first Room that the United States Patent (USP) 5769072 of Olsson etc. does not openly have the entrance and exit that mutual fluid is communicated with, this fluid is communicated with makes the outlet of this first Room be communicated with the total pipe fluid of vacuum, is used for and will comprises the air-flow of waste gas anesthetic gases component from this this vacuum of first Room suction house steward.

Claim 6 has been made similar modification, clear and definite contain waste gas anesthetic gases component and cross alternative flow path and the vacuum house steward who isolates in the air communication of indoor reception be transferred in the described waste gas anesthetic gases scavenge unit.The prior art of being quoted, promptly the United States Patent (USP) 5769072 of Olsson etc. the air communication that openly do not contain waste gas anesthetic gases component is crossed alternative flow path and the vacuum house steward who isolates and is transferred in the described waste gas anesthetic gases scavenge unit.Therefore, the modification to claim 1 and 6 makes applicant's invention more can make a distinction with prior art.

1. one kind is used to collect the device (30) of discarding anesthetic gases, and described device comprises:

Have first Room (32A) of the entrance and exit of mutual fluid connection, the described inlet of described first Room is configured to be communicated with and be configured to be comprised by its reception with the exhaust outlet fluid of Anesthesia machine (12A) air-flow of discarded anesthetic gases component;

First air bleeding valve (34A), its first end is communicated with the described outlet fluid of described chamber, and second end is configured to be communicated with vacuum house steward (16) fluid; With

First detector (40A) that is connected with described first Room, it is designed and is arranged to determine when that described first indoorly may exist described discarded anesthetic gases component, and described first detector operationally is connected with described first air bleeding valve with the control air bleeding valve; Thereby

When described first detector determines that described first is indoor may have described discarded anesthetic gases component the time, described first detector is opened described first air bleeding valve, so that the described outlet of described first Room is communicated with the total pipe fluid of described vacuum, the described air-flow that will comprise described discarded anesthetic gases component is from the described vacuum house steward of the described first Room suction.

2. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described first detector is a pressure detector.

3. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described first air bleeding valve is a solenoid driving valve.

4. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described device also comprises:

The vacuum house steward (16) who is communicated with the described second end fluid of described first air bleeding valve (34A); With

Be communicated with the total pipe fluid of described vacuum so that from its discarded anesthetic gases scavenge unit (22,24,26B, 20) that receives described air-flow, described discarded anesthetic gases scavenge unit is designed and is arranged to and can remove described discarded anesthetic gases component from described air-flow.

5. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described device also comprises:

The vacuum house steward (16) who is communicated with the described second end fluid of described first air bleeding valve (34A);

First and second Anesthesia machines (12A, 12B) that have exhaust outlet separately, the described inlet of described first Room (32A) is communicated with the described exhaust outlet fluid of described first Anesthesia machine (12A);

Second Room (32B) with entrance and exit, the described inlet of described second Room is communicated with the described exhaust outlet fluid of described second Anesthesia machine (12B);

Second air bleeding valve (34B), its first end is communicated with the described outlet fluid of described second Room (32B), and second end is communicated with the total pipe fluid of described vacuum; With

Second detector (40B) that is connected with described second Room, it is designed and is arranged to determine when that described second indoorly may exist described discarded anesthetic gases component, and described second detector operationally is connected with described second air bleeding valve with the control air bleeding valve; Thereby

Described first air bleeding valve and described second air bleeding valve synergy, with in described first Room or described second indoor can not have described discarded anesthetic gases component the time restriction atmosphere enter described exhaust main.

6. the method for a removing discarded anesthetic gases component from the air-flow that Anesthesia machine (12) flows out said method comprising the steps of:

Receive described air-flow inlet chamber (32) from described Anesthesia machine;

Detect the existence of the described air-flow of described chamber reception;

Respond the existence of the described air-flow of described indoor reception, the flow path (34) of isolating by alternative make described chamber and vacuum house steward (16) periodically fluid be communicated with;

Will the described air-flow of described indoor reception transfer to by described alternative flow path of isolating and described vacuum house steward and to discard in the anesthetic gases scavenge unit (22,24,26B, 20);

Remove described discarded anesthetic gases component by described discarded anesthetic gases scavenge unit from described air-flow; Thereby

Described chamber and described alternative flow path synergy of isolating farthest reduce atmosphere when not producing described discarded anesthetic gases component at described Anesthesia machine and enter described vacuum house steward.

7. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described method is further comprising the steps of:

Described indoor when having described air-flow when detecting, impel to form fluid in the described alternative flow path of isolating and be communicated with,

When not detecting the described indoor described airflow chamber that exists, form fluid in the flow path that stops described selectivity to be isolated and be communicated with.

8. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described method is further comprising the steps of:

Detect the existence of the air-flow of described indoor reception by the pressure sensor that is connected with described chamber.

9. method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described alternative flow path of isolating comprises the air bleeding valve of solenoid-activated, and described method is further comprising the steps of:

Detect the pressure differential between described room pressure and the environmental pressure;

When described room pressure during, described air bleeding valve is opened by described pressure sensor greater than described environmental pressure;

When described room pressure is not more than described environmental pressure, close described air bleeding valve by described pressure sensor.

10. method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described method is further comprising the steps of:

Drive described air bleeding valve pro rata according to described pressure differential.

11. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described method is further comprising the steps of:

In a plurality of Anesthesia machines,, in a plurality of inlet points of described vacuum house steward, may there be the inflow of controlling each inlet point based on detected described discarded anesthetic gases component at Anesthesia machine place corresponding to described inlet point corresponding to a plurality of inlet points.

12. the method for multiple gaseous component in removal and the separating gas mixture said method comprising the steps of:

Make cooling surface (36) top of described admixture of gas, make the direction of described admixture of gas cool off described admixture of gas by the surface along higher temperature to lower temperature by having surface temperature gradient feature,

Make first gaseous component of described admixture of gas deposit in the first (60,62) of described cooling surface with solid form by desublimation, described first component is characterised in that first fusing point, described first (60,62) is characterised in that first temperature lower than described first melting temperature, then

Make second gaseous component of described gaseous mixture deposit on the second portion (63,64) of described cooling surface with solid form by desublimation, described second component is characterised in that second fusing point, described second portion (63,64) is characterised in that second temperature lower and lower than described first temperature than described second melting temperature, then

Heat described cooling surface (36),

Make of described second portion (63, the 64) thawing of solid-state second component of described deposition from described cooling surface (36), then,

Described second component is collected in second container (24B), then

Solid-state first component of described deposition is melted from the first (60,62) of described cooling surface (36), then,

Described first component is collected in first container (24A).

13. method as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, described method is further comprising the steps of:

Make solid-state second component of described deposition be fused into liquid state, then

Described liquid second component is collected in described second container (24B), then

Make solid-state first component of described deposition be fused into liquid state, and

Described liquid first component is collected in described first container (24A).

14. method as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, described method is further comprising the steps of:

Make the solid-state first component desublimation of described deposition become gaseous state, and

Described gaseous state first component is collected in described first container (24A).

15. method as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, described method also comprises:

Make the solid-state second component desublimation of described deposition become gaseous state, then

Described gaseous state second component is collected in described second container (24B), then

16. method as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, described method is further comprising the steps of:

17. from the discarded gaseous anesthetic mixture that comprises nitrogen, oxygen and multiple halohydrocarbon component, remove and the method for separating multiple gaseous component, said method comprising the steps of for one kind:

Make cooling surface (36) top of described discarded gaseous anesthetic mixture, make the direction of described admixture of gas cool off described admixture of gas by the surface along higher temperature to lower temperature by having surface temperature gradient feature,

The first halohydrocarbon gaseous component in the described discarded gaseous anesthetic mixture is cured in the first (60,62) of described cooling surface (36), the described first halohydrocarbon gaseous component is characterised in that the first halohydrocarbon fusing point, described first (60,62) is characterised in that than the first low temperature of the described first halohydrocarbon melting temperature

The second halohydrocarbon gaseous component in the described discarded gaseous anesthetic mixture is cured on the second portion (63,64) of described cooling surface (36), the described second halohydrocarbon gaseous component is characterised in that the second halohydrocarbon fusing point, described second portion (63,64) is characterised in that second temperature lower and lower than described first temperature than the described second halohydrocarbon melting temperature, then

Heat described cooling surface (36),

The second halohydrocarbon component that makes described curing is fused into liquid state from the described second portion (63,64) of described cooling surface (36), then

The described second halohydrocarbon liquid composition is collected in the container (24A, 24B), then

The first halohydrocarbon component that makes described curing is fused into liquid state from the described first (60,62) of described cooling surface (36), and

The described first halohydrocarbon liquid composition is collected in the container (24A, 24B).

18. method as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that,

Described discarded gaseous anesthetic mixture comprises at least a gaseous state anesthetic component, and described method is further comprising the steps of:

Described gaseous state anesthetic component in the described discarded gaseous anesthetic mixture is cured on the third part (62,63,64) of described cooling surface (36), described gaseous state anesthetic component is characterised in that the anesthetic fusing point, described third part (62,63,64) is characterised in that than low-melting the 3rd temperature of described anesthetic, then

The anesthetic component that makes described curing is sublimed into gaseous state from the described third part (62,63,64) of described cooling surface (36), then,

Described gaseous state anesthetic component is collected in the container (24C).

19. method as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that, described method is further comprising the steps of:

Cool off described cooling surface (36) and the liquid oxygen of certain volume is heated up by the heat transmission, then

In medical health facility (110), use the liquid oxygen of the intensification of described volume.

20. remove and separate the gaseous component of discarded anesthetic gases in flowing and enter the method for atmosphere from medical health facility, said method comprising the steps of for one kind to prevent gaseous state anesthetic:

Collect described discarded anesthetic gases stream from Anesthesia machine (12A, 12B, 12C),

The compressor reducer (42) that employing has at least one compression stage is compressed to superatmospheric pressure with the discarded anesthetic gases stream of described collection,

The cooling surface of the admixture of gas that makes described compression by having surface temperature gradient feature (136,236A, 236B) top makes the direction of described air-flow along higher temperature to lower temperature cool off described air-flow by the surface,

Make described gaseous state anesthetic from described compressed air stream condensation,

Separate the anesthetic of described condensation from described compressed air stream,

To not contain the narcotic described air-flow of described condensation and enter atmosphere (46).

21. method as claimed in claim 20 is characterized in that, the step of the discarded anesthetic gases stream of described collection comprises:

Described air-flow is collected the chamber (32A, 32B, 32C) from Anesthesia machine (12A, 12B, 12C),

Detect the existence of described air-flow in (40A, 40B, 40C) described chamber (32A, 32B, 32C),

Respond the existence of the described air-flow that receives in the described chamber (32A, 32B, 32C), the flow path (34A, 34B, 34C) of isolating by alternative make described chamber and vacuum house steward periodically fluid be communicated with;

By described alternative flow path (34A, 34B, 34C) of isolating and described vacuum house steward (16) the described air-flow that receives in described chamber (32A, 32B, 32C) is transferred to compressor reducer (42);

Described chamber (32A, 32B, 32C) and described alternative flow path (34A, 34B, 34C) synergy of isolating farthest reduce atmosphere when not producing described discarded anesthetic gases stream in described Anesthesia machine (12A, 12B, 12C) and enter described vacuum house steward (16).

22. method as claimed in claim 20 is characterized in that, the described gaseous state anesthetic that makes can make described gaseous state anesthetic carry out under with the pressure and temperature of solid form condensation from the step of described discarded anesthetic gases stream condensation.

23. method as claimed in claim 21 is characterized in that, the described gaseous state anesthetic that makes can make described gaseous state anesthetic carry out under with the pressure and temperature of solid form condensation from the step of described discarded anesthetic gases stream condensation.

24. method as claimed in claim 20 is characterized in that, described method is further comprising the steps of:

Described air-flow carry out airborne release (46) make before its expand by expansion valve (43) and

In receiver (45), collect the liquid anesthetic component that described flow expansion forms by described expansion valve (43) condensation.

25. method as claimed in claim 21 is characterized in that, described method is further comprising the steps of:

26. one kind prevents that the anesthetic gases component in the discarded anesthetic gases from entering the system of atmosphere from medical health facility, described system comprises:

Collect the discarded anesthetic gases collector unit (15A, 15B, 15C, 30A, 30B, 30C) of discarding anesthetic gases from Anesthesia machine (12A, 12B, 12C),

Be used for described discarded anesthetic gases is drawn into the vacuum house steward (16) of compressor reducer (42) from described discarded anesthetic gases collector unit (15A, 15B, 15C, 30A, 30B, 30C),

The compressor reducer (42) that comprises at least one compression stage, so that the pressure of described discarded anesthetic gases is elevated to above atmospheric pressure,

Heat exchanger/condenser (22), have with from the flowline (139 of described compressor reducer (42), 239) inlet of fluid connection and the outlet that is communicated with exhaust line (46) fluid, described heat exchanger/condenser (22) also has the cooling coil (136 that is arranged on wherein, 236A, 236B), described cooling coil (136,236A, outlet 236B) and the flowline of freezer unit (127,227) fluid is communicated with, described cooling coil (136,236A, inlet 236B) with from refrigerant source (120,220) flowline (121,221) fluid connects

Described heat exchanger/condenser (22) has at least one condenser pipe (24A, 24B), and liquid anesthetic component from described discarded anesthetic gases is used for collecting in described heat exchanger/condenser (22).

27. system as claimed in claim 26 is characterized in that, described system also comprises:

With the expansion valve (43) that the described outlet fluid of described heat exchanger/condenser (22) is communicated with, described expansion valve (43) be used to reduce described waste gas to be discharged pressure and

The receiver (45) that fluid is communicated with between described expansion valve (43) and described exhaust line (46), described receiver (45) are used to collect the liquid anesthetic component that condensation forms owing to reduce described exhaust gas pressure.

28. system as claimed in claim 26 is characterized in that, described discarded anesthetic gases collector unit (15A, 15B, 15C, 30A, 30B, 30C) comprising:

Chamber (32A, 32B, 32C) is used for receiving described discarded anesthetic gases from described Anesthesia machine (12A, 12B, 12C),

Detector (40A, 40B, 40C), be used to detect described discarded anesthetic gases in the described chamber (32A, 32B, 32C) existence and

Alternative flow path (34A, 34B, 34C) of isolating, its respond the existence of the discarded anesthetic gases that receives in the described chamber (32A, 32B, 32C) and make described chamber (32A, 32B, 32C) and vacuum house steward (16) periodically fluid be communicated with, thereby

Described chamber (32A, 32B, 32C) and described alternative flow path (34A, 34B, 34C) synergy of isolating farthest reduce atmosphere when not producing described discarded anesthetic gases at described Anesthesia machine (12A, 12B, 12C) and enter described vacuum house steward (16).

29. system as claimed in claim 26 is characterized in that, described system also comprises:

With the turbine (44) that the described outlet fluid of described heat exchanger/condenser (22) is communicated with, described turbine (44) can reduce treat the discharging (46) waste gas pressure and

The receiver (45) that fluid is communicated with between described turbine (44) and described exhaust line (46), described receiver (45) are used to collect the liquid anesthetic component that condensation forms owing to reduce described exhaust gas pressure.

30. remove and separate the gaseous state anesthetic of discarded anesthetic gases in flowing and enter the method for atmosphere from medical health facility, said method comprising the steps of for one kind to prevent gaseous state anesthetic:

Collect described discarded anesthetic gases stream from Anesthesia machine (312,612),

The cooling surface that described air communication is crossed have surface temperature gradient feature (236,436A, 436B, 536) top, make the direction of described air-flow cool off described air-flow by the surface along higher temperature to lower temperature, described air communication is crossed described cooling surface conduction and heat transfer fluid heat-shift, described heat transfer fluid is because the heating with described air-flow heat-shift, the cooling in freezing unit (270,370,570,670) again of described then heat transfer fluid

From the described gaseous state anesthetic of described condensation,

From the anesthetic of the described condensation of described flow separation,

The described narcotic air-flow of described condensation that do not contain is entered atmosphere (346,446,546,646).

31. method as claimed in claim 30 is characterized in that, the step of the discarded anesthetic gases stream of described collection comprises:

Described air-flow is collected the chamber (332,632) from Anesthesia machine (312,612),

Detect the existence of the described air-flow that receives in (340,640) described chamber (332,632),

Respond the existence of the described air-flow that receives in the described chamber (332,632), the flow path (334,634) of isolating by alternative make described chamber and collection import (316,616) periodically fluid be communicated with;

By described alternative flow path (334,634) of isolating, the described air-flow that receives in described chamber (332,632) is passed to described collection import (316,616),

Described chamber (332,632) and described alternative flow path (334,634) synergy of isolating farthest reduce atmosphere when not producing described discarded anesthetic gases stream at described Anesthesia machine (312,612) and enter described collection import (316,616).

32. method as claimed in claim 30 is characterized in that, described method also comprises:

The compressor reducer (342,642) that employing has at least one compression stage is compressed to superatmospheric pressure with described discarded anesthetic gases stream.

33. method as claimed in claim 30 is characterized in that, the described step that makes the condensation from described discarded anesthetic gases stream of described gaseous state anesthetic can make described gaseous state anesthetic carry out under with the pressure and temperature of solid form condensation.

34. method as claimed in claim 32 is characterized in that, described method also comprises:

Described air-flow carry out airborne release (346) make before its expand by turbine (344) and

In receiver (345), collect because the described flow expansion liquid anesthetic component that condensation forms by described turbine (344).

35. one kind prevents that the anesthetic gases component in the discarded anesthetic gases from entering the system of atmosphere from medical health facility, described system comprises:

Discarded anesthetic gases collector unit (315,330,615,630) is used for collecting discarded anesthetic gases from Anesthesia machine (312,612),

Collect import (316,616), be used for receiving described discarded anesthetic gases from described discarded anesthetic gases collector unit (315,330,615,630),

Heat exchanger/condenser (222,322,422,522,622), has entrance and exit, the inlet with from described collection import (316,616) flowline (239,339,439,539,639) fluid is communicated with, described heat exchanger/condenser (222,322,422,522,622) also has the cooling coil (236 that is arranged on wherein, 436A, 436B, 536), described cooling coil (236,436A, 436B, 536) outlet and freezing unit (270,370,570,670) flowline (227,327,427,527,627) fluid is communicated with, described cooling coil (236,436A, 436B, 536) has inlet

Described heat exchanger/condenser (222,322,422,522,622) has at least one condenser pipe (224,324,424,524A, 524B, 624), be used in described heat exchanger/condenser (222,322,422,522,622), collecting from the liquid anesthetic component of described discarded anesthetic gases

Freezing unit (270,370,570,670), its inlet is communicated with flowline (227,327,427,527,627) fluid from the described outlet of described cooling coil (236,436A, 436B, 536), its outlet is communicated with flowline (221,321,421,521,621) fluid from the described inlet of described cooling coil (236,436A, 436B, 536), and described freezing unit (270,370,570,670) is used for the heat transfer fluid that cool stream is crossed described cooling coil (236,436A, 436B, 536).

36. system as claimed in claim 35 is characterized in that, described freezing unit (270,370,570,670) also comprises:

Be used to compress the compressor reducer (272) of described heat transfer fluid,

Heat exchanger (274), described heat exchanger adopt cooling agent cool off described compressed heat transfer fluid and

Expansion valve (276) is used to reduce the pressure of described heat transfer fluid.

37. system as claimed in claim 35 is characterized in that, described discarded anesthetic gases collector unit (330,660) also comprises:

Chamber (332,632) is used for receiving the described discarded anesthetic gases from described Anesthesia machine (312,612),

Detector (340,640) is used to detect the existence of the described discarded anesthetic gases that receives in the described chamber (332,632),

Alternative flow path (334,634) of isolating, its respond the existence of the described discarded anesthetic gases that receives in the described chamber (332,632) and make described chamber (332,632) and collection import (316,616) periodically fluid be communicated with, thereby

Described chamber (332,632) and described alternative flow path (334,634) synergy of isolating, minimum level ground minimizing atmosphere does not enter described collection import (316,616) when not producing described discarded anesthetic gases at described anesthetic (312,612).

38. system as claimed in claim 35 is characterized in that, described system also comprises:

Have the compressor reducer (342,642) of at least one compression stage, be used for the pressure of described discarded anesthetic gases is elevated to above atmospheric pressure.

39. system as claimed in claim 38 is characterized in that, described system also comprises:

With the expansion valve (643) that the described outlet fluid of described heat exchanger/condenser (222,322,422,522,622) is communicated with, described expansion valve (643) is used for reducing the exhaust gas pressure for the treatment of discharging (646),

The receiver (645) that fluid is communicated with between described expansion valve (643) and exhaust line (646), described receiver (645) are used to collect the liquid anesthetic component that condensation forms owing to reduce described exhaust gas pressure.

40. system as claimed in claim 38 is characterized in that, described system also comprises:

With the turbine (344) that the described outlet fluid of described heat exchanger/condenser (222,322,422,522,622) is communicated with, described turbine (344) be used for reducing the exhaust gas pressure treat discharging (346) and

The receiver (345) that fluid is communicated with between described turbine (344) and exhaust line (346), described receiver (345) are used to collect the liquid anesthetic component that condensation forms owing to reduce described exhaust gas pressure.

Claims

First Room (32A) with entrance and exit, the described inlet of described first Room are configured to be communicated with and be configured to be comprised by its reception with the exhaust outlet fluid of Anesthesia machine (12A) air-flow of discarded anesthetic gases component;

First detector (40A) that is connected with described first Room, it is designed and is arranged to determine when that described first indoorly may exist described discarded anesthetic gases component, and described first detector operationally is connected with described first air bleeding valve with the control air bleeding valve; Thereby,

When described first detector determines that described first is indoor may have described discarded anesthetic gases component the time, described first detector is opened described first air bleeding valve, so that described first Room is communicated with the total pipe fluid of described vacuum, with described air-flow from the described vacuum house steward of the described first Room suction.

Detect the existence of the described air-flow of described chamber reception;

Heat described cooling surface (36),

Described second component is collected in second container (24B), then

Described first component is collected in first container (24A).

Heat described cooling surface (36),

18. method as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that,

Described air-flow is collected the chamber (32A, 32B, 32C) from Anesthesia machine (12A, 12B, 12C), detect the existence of described air-flow in (40A, 40B, 40C) described chamber (32A, 32B, 32C), respond the existence of the described air-flow that receives in the described chamber (32A, 32B, 32C), the flow path (34A, 34B, 34C) of isolating by alternative make described chamber and vacuum house steward periodically fluid be communicated with;

From the described gaseous state anesthetic of described condensation,

Anesthetic from the described condensation of described flow separation