CN101207527A - Network collocating management system based on network collocating platform area test control network - Google Patents
Network collocating management system based on network collocating platform area test control network Download PDFInfo
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- CN101207527A CN101207527A CNA2007100528741A CN200710052874A CN101207527A CN 101207527 A CN101207527 A CN 101207527A CN A2007100528741 A CNA2007100528741 A CN A2007100528741A CN 200710052874 A CN200710052874 A CN 200710052874A CN 101207527 A CN101207527 A CN 101207527A
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a system for the measurement control and the information management of power distribution net circuit lines. The whole area supplied by a public transformer in the distribution net is called as a power supply zone area, which is a basic unit in the power supply management. At present, aiming at the condition that the public network low pressure user and the power supply zone area do not have effective information management means, the invention provides a novel distribution net information management system, which extends the information management to the zone area as well as each user in the zone area. The system is composed of a distribution net management and monitoring terminal and an integrated metering and integrated control device which support a distribution net zone area management and control network, the distribution net zone area management and control network, communication channels for the communication between terminals and a master station and the master station. The system has the advantages that real time measuring can be carried out to the line lost (according to the power caliber or electric energy caliber) of the zone area, the power meter of each user can be remotely recorded and charged, prevention on electricity filching is implemented in each household, de-energizing and recovery power transmission can be remotely carried out to any appointed user, and load control is implemented to the general users.
Description
Affiliated technical field
Patent of the present invention relates to the measurement control and the information management system of electric power transfer distribution line.
Background technology
Distribution refers generally to 10 kilovolts and following power circuit; and equipment, facility such as power transformation in the circuit, distribution, protection, control; be the pith of directly powering in the electric power system, bearing the vital task that electric power energy is transported to huge numbers of families to the end user.
Most important equipment is a transformer in the distribution, normally become 400 volts (generally claiming 380 volts of three-phases or single-phase 220 volts) to user side from 10 kilovolts, difference according to the user, be divided into to the dedicated transformer of the exclusive power supply of large user and the common transformer of powering for fragmentary user, the four corner that common transformer is powered is called one for radio area, is the elementary cell of power supply enterprise's management for radio area.
At present, the level of informatization of each city power supply management at county level department is fairly perfect, usually all have produce mis system, marketing system (containing charge platform), generalized information system with bank's networking, with mutual 95598 systems of end user etc., the information management that 10 kilovolts and above circuit and distribution is specially become user's (being the large user) can be satisfied the demand substantially, but, but lack effective information management means for the public network low-voltage customer that has a large capacity and a wide range with for radio area.
In the operation of electric power system; distribution at every moment produces a large amount of service datas; reflect all normal or abnormal operation conditionss; owing to lack effective information organization and information gathering; the information processing instrument; in power supply enterprise of basic unit; still there is manual metering in a large number; artificial line walking; the manual detection transformer; artificial the user is cut off the power supply or traditional operational mode that restores electricity or the like to on-the-spot; usually take place that transformer overload burns or burn insurance always and just know the phenomenon of transshipping and so on here; labor strength is big; task is heavy; mistake is also many; to the power supply peak period, power supply enterprise of often whole basic unit mobilizes up and down, has to run around all the time wears him out; and accident of power supply is still a lot, and consumers' opinions is still very big.
The major technique of current distribution information system management in usefulness has: distribution (distribution transforming) monitoring device, negative control (load control) device, collection are copied (concentrating remote meter reading) device etc.
Distribution (distribution transforming) monitoring device is produced the RTU (remote terminal unit) of mis system (or similar system) usually as electric power enterprise, be installed near the transformer, can monitor the operation of transformer in real time, the collection service data is kept in the terminal or regularly is reported to main website, means of communication is GPRS normally, also can adopt other communication media (wired, phone, wireless, power line carrier or the like), perfect distribution (distribution transforming) monitoring device can be monitored whole operational factors of transformer, and generate various statistical report forms automatically, initiatively report when emergency is arranged main website (refer to be located at power supply management unit can with the server of remote-control device communication, interior dress can be finished the related software of regulation task, down together), power supply enterprise can in time grasp the ruuning situation of transformer, but the platform district situation that this transformer is powered is then known nothing.
The collection copy device is each family kilowatt-hour meter of a dwelling house or a sub-district to be concentrated make a copy of in the table apparatus, automatically be reported to main website or by the employee of power supply enterprise to collection copy device place centralized automatic meter-reading, advantage is the labour intensity that greatly alleviates the meter reading personnel, reduce errors, shortcoming is check meter by all means (reading user's electric degree), no matter other, function singleness, network and usage ratio of equipment are low.
Negative control device is mainly used in large user's (include special change or specially do not become), preserve in the device and allow the user to allow to use the data of much power (to be called load control curve a certain period, can change the numerical value that is provided with of Power Limitation according to different electricity consumption period), user's excess load, device can send the alarm signal to the user, surpass one period stipulated time, if still descending, user power can not divide several automatic outages (earlier disconnected less important load) of taking turns, can also be reported to main website to these processes and situation, in addition, some negative control devices are to this user's electricity consumption situation, operational factor, the kilowatt-hour meter reading also can regularly or be responded and be sent to main website.The in the past 230M radio stations that use of communication channel use GPRS now more more.Negative control apparatus function is complete, but equipment exclusively uses, and cost is higher, channel utilization is low, and many in recent years regional most large users installed, this device were generalized to vast low-voltage customer, used prior art obviously impossible.
By as seen above-mentioned, develop a kind of information system that can effectively organize and handle distributing net platform region information and be pressing for that power industry fills up management default, improves operating environment, reduces labor intensity, improves business efficiency, realizes increasing efficiency by downsizing payrolls.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is a kind of novel distribution information management system, is management unit with the distribute-electricity transformer district, information management is extended to each user in platform district.
System schematic is seen accompanying drawing 1.
The distribution information management system is by forming with the lower part:
1. support the distribution management monitoring terminal of distributing net platform region measurement and control network;
2. distributing net platform region measurement and control network;
3. support the collection of distributing net platform region measurement and control network to copy centralized control equipment;
4. the telecommunication channel and the device of monitoring terminal and main website managed in distribution;
5. have the main website that possesses corresponding function software.
The following describes each part of native system:
1. support that the distribution management monitoring terminal (hereinafter to be referred as the distributing net platform region terminal) of distributing net platform region measurement and control network is the information hinge of native system, its position in system is suitable with the distribution transformer in the supply network: distribution transformer is the end of 10 kilovolts of electric power systems, also is the starting point of 400 volts of electric power systems; The distributing net platform region terminal is the terminal of producing mis system (or similar system) in the power information management system, is again the server of distributing net platform region measurement and control network simultaneously.
The composition of traditional monitoring terminal has: data processing unit, measurement component, depositing element, real-time clock, power supply (containing stand-by power supply), communication component (connecting machine with main website), control unit that also has reactive power compensation that has and local ammeter, distant news signal linkage unit, its principle and composition all belong to prior art.
Different with the traditional monitoring terminal is: the composition of distributing net platform region terminal connects the interface unit of distributing net platform region measurement and control network in addition, certainly the program of data processing unit want corresponding increase distributing net platform region measurement and control network driver, finish related data forwarding, routing addressing, packet unpack, merge, pack or the like the corresponding program of function.
This interface unit matches with the network physical channel of selecting; satisfy the requirement of physical channel; physical functions such as suitable isolation, shielding, lightning protection, protection, driving amplification, coding and decoding, modulation are arranged, comprise all required hardware circuits and relevant program.
The distributing net platform region terminal except that finish conventional measurement, monitoring, statistics, with the main website communication function, also to finish the whole work relevant with the distributing net platform region measurement and control network, the information concerning order that main website is next is forwarded to relevant collection and copies centralized control equipment, the data that subordinate's machine is transmitted directly or after handling upload to main website, and some main website order need be split into after many command process repeatedly to communicate by letter with the subordinate machine and just can finish by the distributing net platform region terminal.Form a connecting link, connect main website and copy the ability that centralized control equipment extends to each user again until every the collection in platform district because have the distributing net platform region terminal, it is as a whole that whole system could become, and finishes all systemic-functions.
2. the distributing net platform region measurement and control network is drawn by the distributing net platform region terminal, covers each family power consumer of this confession radio area, and scope should be in full accord with the user of this distribution transformer power supply as far as possible.Can not reach above-mentioned requirements if be limited to objective condition, native system also can normally move, but at this moment may influence some function (measuring or the line fault detection as line loss), may not use, also may influence accuracy, other most of functions are then unaffected.
The network topology structure main line is based on bus-type, network node adopts the collection of supporting the distributing net platform region measurement and control network to copy centralized control equipment and (copies centralized control equipment hereinafter to be referred as collection, apply for a patent simultaneously with this patent division), the network node (hereinafter referred to as trunk node) that is connected on the main line allows according to bus structures or hub-and-spoke configuration, expansion connects the node (hereinafter referred to as the branch line node) of one deck down, to reduce the complexity that bus connects, shorten internodal distance, also avoid trunk node too many, surpass the situation of the driving force of bus.
Generally speaking, terminal is installed near the transformer, and trunk node can corresponding building, is installed in the unit placed in the middle of this building, and each branch line node is corresponding and be installed in other unit of this building.
Since the finite capacity of a distributing net platform region, the restriction of the economic radius of powering in addition (distance is oversize, and the loss on the circuit is just too big), the scope in a platform district is little, generally should center on distribution transforming, and radius is at hundreds of rice, and reasonably number of users is several one hundred houses.The design scale of bus can be decided to be near 1000 meters of maximum lengths (physical location of distributing net platform region terminal can be set in the bus centre), maximum amount 2000 families.
Coverage is big in the platform district, surpass between network node maximum allow to connect apart from the time, the network communication relay can be set, realize transparent forwarding, increase and connect distance.
All nodes of network all are bi-directional half-duplex, can receive and can send out, and can not carry out simultaneously but receive and dispatch, and under the normal condition, same instantaneous overall network main line can only have a node sending.
Usually initiate a communication by higher level's machine, the distributing net platform region terminal is higher level's machine, and the branch line node is subordinate's machine, and trunk node is subordinate's machine of distributing net platform region terminal, is again higher level's machine of branch line node.Subordinate's machine detect network when idle also initiatively reporting information initiate a communication, be used for the warning task.The normally order that higher level's machine sends, what subordinate's machine sent then is to upload data or carry out replying of higher level's machine order.
The physical channel of distributing net platform region measurement and control network can be selected any existing mature technology for use.Most convenient be power line carrier, the following whole users that connected of distribution transforming just in time can become net naturally, but power line carrier is because circuit situation complexity, load variations is frequent, disturb too greatly, the communication reliability is bad, and native system requires very high to network interworking, before technology obtains than quantum jump at present, be not difficult to widely apply, especially can not be used on the main line.The micro-power wireless communication technology is not examined and the frequency occupancy, but distance is short, and communication speed is low, and easily by ectocine, reliability also is difficult to reach requirement.The GPRS reliability is better, but equipment cost is expensive, and operating cost is also high.Optical-fibre communications then cost is higher.Present stage is digital special line than reasonable plan, available CAN bus (ISO11898) or 485 buses, the CAN bus is owing to there is complete communications protocol, 485 buses that all are better than not having the agreement regulation for aspects such as anticollision, code correction, failure node isolation, equipment compatibilities, standardization level also is better than 485 buses, therefore equipment cost is also lower, is the reasonable plan of present main line.
The not too many difficulty in the newly-built sub-district that is laid in of circuit, the old liberated area transformation is very difficult sometimes, the place of local inconvenience wiring can be with other channel in middle transfer once, as meet the 802.15.4 international standard wireless network.
The physical layer interface of distributing net platform region measurement and control network must match with selected physical channel, and different physical channels can mix use, will adopt different physical layer interface and processing or driver to different channels at relevant node certainly.All channels all have unified procotol, and the content of same information has different encapsulation in the different channels transmission, add different prefix, suffix, but the data text message is consistent all the time.Physical layer interface should satisfy the requirement of physical channel, has such as isolation, shielding, lightning protection, protection, driving amplification or the like function, and is furnished with relevant processing or driver.
Trunk node in the distributing net platform region measurement and control network, branch line node and distribute in advance by the address that node is received power consumer, each node, each user have unique address in net, available three byte representations: be respectively trunk node, the user's (directly received from trunk node in the branch line address of node, distribute 0 specific address), receive user's sequence number of user by node, just can in procotol, navigate to each family user; The distributing net platform region terminal is also specified unique address.
Procotol comprises that the caller of higher level's machine, subordinate's machine initiatively report or operator scheme such as higher level's machine broadcasting.The caller of higher level's machine is assigned to user's operation, needs to specify whole 3 byte addresses, and each trunk node is received information simultaneously, and the node that is called into is carried out or downward again forward command, and other node is ignored.Higher level's machine caller trunk node or branch line node, then a need is specified the address of one or two byte, and mode of operation is the same.Higher level's machine broadcasting command not needing to be used for the operation of immediate answer, the designated broadcast address, and all nodes receive processing simultaneously.Subordinate's machine initiatively reports and is generally used for reporting to the police, and should detect and confirm that the bus free time just can report.When taking place certainly to transmit collision simultaneously, need the mechanism that arbitration and automatic time delay are retransmitted.
3. collection is copied centralized control equipment (applying for a patent simultaneously with this patent division), only simply introduces its function: can with distributing net platform region measurement and control network interface, with distributing net platform region terminal transmitting-receiving exchange message; Be connected with 1 family or many families power supply user, various states that can monitor user ' and operational factor, copy reading user kilowatt-hour meter also can cut off or the connecting subscribers participating general supply.Be network node, user interface and the observing and controlling operating part of native system.
4. the telecommunication channel and the device of monitoring terminal and main website managed in distribution: present stage is generally used GPRS, and communication uses the TCP/IP mode to be the master, also supports short message mode.Having reliability better, does not need the advantage of maintenance channel, but operating cost is arranged.In native system, play a part to connect main website and distributing net platform region terminal, identical with prior art.
5. have the main website that possesses corresponding function software: the core that is native system, form by being arranged on of power supply enterprise or the multiple servers adapted related software of networking, except that increasing, identical with prior art to the platform district information processing controls function of (comprising each household user profile).
Whole system is pressed following principle allocating task:
Collection is copied the electricity consumption situation that centralized control equipment is monitored each user in real time, just often, divides the family statistics with ruuning situation, is kept at collection and copies in the centralized control equipment, is called by higher level's machine (main website or distributing net platform region terminal) calling; The situation if note abnormalities when (as having a power failure, trip or stealing suspicion or the like being arranged) initiatively to the distributing net platform region terminal to report, terminal different situations or keeping records or report main website immediately respectively.
The distributing net platform region terminal is monitored the working condition of distribution transformer in real time, just often, generates various statistical report forms, is kept in the terminal, is called or is initiatively reported at interval according to setting-up time by main website calling; Initiatively report main website immediately if find the unusual condition of setting (as power failure, phase shortage or serious overload etc.), and can be simultaneously to specifying administrative staff to send SMS.
Main website regularly patrols according to predefined work plan and surveys each station terminal (platform district), the staff can call together at any time and survey any one or one group of terminal, Tai Qu, collection and copy centralized control equipment or low-voltage power user's various current or historical data or form, but the main website warning message that initiatively reports of receiving terminal at any time.
By native system, except that every function of traditional monitoring system, can also realize a lot of new systemic-functions:
The line loss (division is applied for a patent simultaneously) in test desk district can obtain precise results (pressing the power bore) tens seconds in real time;
Each user's kilowatt-hour meter of remote copying is copied each user's electric degree, the total electric degree of platform Qu and the total electric degree of distribution transforming of same time period simultaneously, can obtain current platform district line loss (pressing the electric energy bore);
Anti-electricity-theft to the family, low-voltage customer has stealing suspicion to be reported to main website immediately;
Long-range any family user to appointment carries out outage or recovers to send electricity, with the Fare Collection System logotype, can realize urging expense, outage warning automatically according to pre-defined rule automatic short message when the subscriber arrearage, and outage is automatically paid up after the arrearage recovery automatically and sent;
Copy centralized control equipment by collection, realize that load controls to domestic consumer, the load curve data can send downwards from main website, and user's warning information is informed the user by main website by 95598 systems, all there is record in all operations processing procedure main website, can inquire about or uses as evidence in case of necessity.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is based on the schematic diagram of the distribution management system of distributing net platform region measurement and control network
Among the figure: 1 main website
The telecommunication channel (device) of 2 distributions management monitoring terminal and main website
3 support the distribution management monitoring terminal of distributing net platform region measurement and control network
4 distribution transformers
5 transmission lines
6 user houses
7 distributing net platform region measurement and control network main lines
8 trunk nodes (supporting the collection of distributing net platform region measurement and control network to copy centralized control equipment)
9 power supply/signal lines to the user
10 distributing net platform region measurement and control network branch lines
11 branch line nodes (supporting the collection of distributing net platform region measurement and control network to copy centralized control equipment)
Except that 1,2, full content constitutes a radio area that supplies that is subjected to native system control.
Accompanying drawing 2 supports the distribution management monitoring terminal of distributing net platform region measurement and control network to form schematic diagram
Among the figure: 1 data processing unit (CPU)
2 measuring units (comprising signal condition, A/D conversion, reference voltage etc.)
3 memories
4 real-time calendar clocks
5 with the telecommunication channel interface (GPRS contains SIM card) of main website
6 other peripheral interfaces (as demonstration, remote signalling, local 232,485 interfaces etc.)
7 distributing net platform region measurement and control network interface units
8 distributing net platform region measurement and control networks
UB stand-by power supply (rechargeable battery)
Embodiment
Described the content of invention in detail at this specification summary of the invention one joint,, should implement the present invention, therefore only simply introduced concrete performance here with the those skilled in the art of technical field in conjunction with existing technology.
Main website is arranged in the power supply enterprise, is connected with the distributing net platform region terminal by GPRS.
Distributing net platform region measurement and control network physical channel is selected the CAN bus for use, and medium adopts the twisted-pair feeder of band shielding, and the bus total length is in 2000 meters, and there is the termination build-out resistor at two ends, reduces the influence of waveform reflection to transfer of data.All adopted the power supply that suspends at each node, avoided long distance to be total to the common mode disturbances that epd is introduced, and use photoelectric coupler isolation between other circuit; Each node all is provided with anti-lightning strike clamped, pressure limiting, current-limiting circuit.Signal is differential mode, communication speed 5000 bauds, and reliability satisfies system requirements.Main line can connect 32 trunk nodes, each trunk node is expanded one section branch line again, can connect 6 branch line nodes, trunk node is copied centralized control equipment with the collection of branch line node all can be connected control 1 to 16 family user, can monitor these state of user and operational factor, can copy reading user kilowatt-hour meter, master switch that can the folding user.The full court district can connect 2000 family users at most.
The example of distributing net platform region terminal is as follows: CPU selects high-speed microprocessor C8051F124 for use, and RAM and real-time clock are selected FM31256 for use, and the ferroelectric non-volatile RAM of 32KB adds real-time clock, big storage capacity device 4MB Flash; Network backbone is CAN2.0, speed 5000 bauds, from cpu bus expansion CAN agreement and logical process chip SJA1000, isolate through a pair of high speed photo coupling 6N137, receive network-bus by the CAN special driving chip, drive part is powered by independent current source, is added with lightning protection and clamped element, can finish the each task of networked physics layer.The remote signalling input interface is expanded with cpu bus, and all mouthfuls line adds optocoupler photoelectricity and isolates, and also powers to optocoupler with independent current source; Power measurement utilizes 12 A/D converters and the reference power supply in the CPU, finish the Direct Sampling that exchanges of voltage, electric current respectively with accurate sample circuit and 5A accurate miniature instrument transformer, accurate amplifier is born signal condition, analog multichannel switch IC switching signal passage, the actual measurement certainty of measurement can reach 0.5%.Local RS232 interface and RS485 interface are arranged, be used for the installation debugging and be connected local kilowatt-hour meter.The channel that is connected with main website adds SIM card with the GPRS module, supports GPRS, SMS communication mode.Complete machine is made back-up source with lithium ion battery, and CPU controls intelligent charge, and have a power failure back data and clock can not lost, and GPRS can support communication 30 minutes, even battery does not have electricity, data also can keep for a long time.Software cooperates hardware circuit to finish measurement, statistics, local communication and main website communication and the communication of distributing net platform region measurement and control network or the like all working task.
The various model machines of design typification normally drop into actual motion at present, and whole system reaches designing requirement substantially.
Claims (4)
1. a novel power matching network information management system is a management unit with the distribute-electricity transformer district, information management is extended to the low-voltage customer in platform district.This system is by forming with the lower part: distribution management monitoring terminal, collection are copied the telecommunication channel and the device of centralized control equipment, main website, distribution management monitoring terminal and main website, it is characterized in that: system comprises the distributing net platform region measurement and control network that a classification is connected to each power consumer, aforementioned distribution management monitoring terminal and collection are copied centralized control equipment and are all supported the distributing net platform region measurement and control network, and have interface to be connected with it, make various devices consist of a holonomic system.
2. monitoring terminal is managed in a novel electric power distribution, form by data processing unit, measurement component, depositing element, real-time clock, power supply (containing stand-by power supply), communication component parts such as (connecting machine) with main website, it is characterized in that: this terminal support distributing net platform region measurement and control network as described in claim 1, and have the interface unit that is connected to the distributing net platform region measurement and control network.
3. power matching network information management system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the strictness of distributing net platform region measurement and control network is connected to each family power consumer of this confession radio area, has not both had the interval user's of platform intersection, also inerrancy or omission.
4. power matching network management monitoring terminal as described in claim 2 is characterized in that it in whole system, is in a certain location, is the terminal of upper layer application system, is again the server of distributing net platform region measurement and control network simultaneously.
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CN104730393A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-06-24 | 国家电网公司 | District line loss rate detecting method and system |
CN105491139A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-04-13 | 国网安徽省电力公司 | Extraction uploading system and method of vast data in network message analytical apparatus |
CN106160078A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-11-23 | 苏州蓝邦智能系统集成有限公司 | A kind of Intelligent charging management system |
CN106060167A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-10-26 | 重庆人文科技学院 | Short message type internet of things measuring instrument system eliminating short message congestion |
CN108200212A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-06-22 | 山东顺国电子科技有限公司 | Device visualization monitoring method and device |
CN111200453A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-26 | 国网北京市电力公司 | Power line carrier communication device and method |
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