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CN101205482A - Crude oil desalting composition and method of use thereof - Google Patents

Crude oil desalting composition and method of use thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101205482A
CN101205482A CNA2006101695234A CN200610169523A CN101205482A CN 101205482 A CN101205482 A CN 101205482A CN A2006101695234 A CNA2006101695234 A CN A2006101695234A CN 200610169523 A CN200610169523 A CN 200610169523A CN 101205482 A CN101205482 A CN 101205482A
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desalting
composition
crude oil
acid
oil
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CN101205482B (en
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徐振洪
王振宇
于丽
谭丽
罗咏涛
李本高
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Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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Abstract

The invention provides a crude oil desalinization compound, comprising the following components by weight percent: 0 to 95 percent of emulsifying agent, 1 to 90 percent of one or more than one carboxylic acid plymer, or one or more than one organic phosphine compound or the mixture of the organic phosphine compound and 4 to 94 percent of solvent. The invention also provides a method of desalinating the crude oil, particular the acid containing crude oil, by using the desalinization compound. The invention is suitable for the desalinization of the crude oil, particular the acid containing crude oil and the inferior high acid number and high salt crude oil.

Description

A kind of crude oil desalting composition and using method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of crude oil desalting composition, its preparation method, and use this desalting composition to carry out crude oil, the especially method of acid-containing raw oil desalination.
Background technology
The existence meeting of salt causes corrosion to the equipment that comprises atmospheric tower in the crude oil, thereby generation has a strong impact on to following process.Therefore, must just these salt be removed in the electric desalting stage.
Technology of electric de-salting is a kind of conventional means that removes salt in the crude oil.This method adopts the method for electricity, heat, chemical means associating breakdown of emulsion (promptly by adding suitable emulsion splitter, under certain temperature, current field condition, make oil-water mix the effective breakdown of emulsion of formed water/oil emulsion), realize oil, water sepn, thereby reach the purpose that removes salt and moisture content in the crude oil.
The selection of emulsion splitter and use are to influence one of important factor of crude oil desalting, dehydrating effect.The emulsion splitter that uses of this field is third generation emulsion splitter now, and its main component is the polymer nonionic surface active agent, for example the oxyethane propylene oxide block copolymer.
People have now found that, only use emulsion splitter to exist the problem that can not reach oily water separation effectively in technology of electric de-salting.Especially for acid-containing inferior petroleum crude, use emulsion splitter to carry out desalting and dewatering merely and be difficult to make the quality of processing back product to be satisfied the demand.Simultaneously, when in desalinating process, using emulsion splitter merely, do not reach requirement, also can cause the phenomenon of electric current rising, loss of voltage in the technology of electric de-salting to take place as its demulsification, when serious even can cause and to power, thereby have a strong impact on the normal operation of technology of electric de-salting.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the desalting composition of a kind of crude oil, especially acid-containing raw oil.Said composition comprises the following component of representing with mass percent:
(A) 0-95% emulsion splitter;
(B) one or more carboxylic acid polyalcohols of 1-90%, perhaps one or more organic phospho acids
Compound, or its mixture;
(C) 4-94% solvent.
The present invention also provides a kind of method for preparing above-mentioned crude oil desalting composition.This method is by making above-mentioned desalting composition with said components (A), (B) with (C) according to as above mixed.
The present invention also provides above-mentioned composition to be used to crude oil, the especially purposes of acid-containing raw oil desalination.
The present invention also provides a kind of above-mentioned desalting composition is used for crude oil, is particularly useful for the method for acid-containing raw oil desalination.This method comprises desalting composition added in the crude oil and mixes, and mixes with water filling afterwards, carries out oily water separation then; Mix with crude oil after perhaps desalting composition being added in the water filling, carry out oily water separation then.
The present invention also provides the component (B) of above-mentioned composition to be used to crude oil, the especially purposes of acid-containing raw oil desalination.
Desalting composition of the present invention is obvious to the breakdown of emulsion desalting and dewatering effect of crude oil, particularly acid-containing raw oil, the especially high salt crude oil of acid-containing inferior heavy.Use desalting composition of the present invention can destroy the stability of water solution of oil effectively, reduce the oil-water emulsion layer thickness, strengthen electrical desalter internal electric field action effect.After using desalting composition of the present invention that acid-containing inferior petroleum crude is carried out desalting treatment, the water content of gained oil product less than 0.5%, saltiness is less than 3mg/L NaCl, oil-contg is reduced to below the 200mg/L in original electric desalting draining, thereby has realized the efficient desalting and dewatering of acid-containing raw oil.When employed water filling was alkaline water, its breakdown of emulsion desalting was particularly remarkable.Desalting composition of the present invention also has the good effect that removes metal.Use above-mentioned composition to carry out to make after desalting and dewatering is handled the oil quality after the processing to significantly improve.In addition, use desalting composition of the present invention can also reduce power consumption in the desalinating process.
Embodiment
Desalting composition of the present invention comprises the following component of representing with mass percent:
(A) 0-95% emulsion splitter;
(B) one or more carboxylic acid polyalcohols of 1-90%, perhaps one or more organic phospho acid compounds, or its mixture;
(C) 4-94% solvent.
" desalting composition " of the present invention comprises also that except that comprising that said composition has the implication of desalting said composition has the implication of dehydration.
According to the present invention, the component of the present invention (A) of above-mentioned desalting composition can be commercially available emulsion splitter.Component (A) preferably contains the emulsion splitter of one or more oxyethane and propylene oxide block copolymer.
The example of these oxyethane and propylene oxide block copolymer includes but not limited to: the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether that with the Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) is initiator, with the quadrol is the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether of initiator, with the propylene glycol is the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether of initiator, with the glycerol is the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether of initiator, with the polyethylene polyamine is the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether of initiator, with resol, phenol-amine resin is the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether of initiator, with the tolylene diisocyanate is the cross-linking type polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether of chainextender, or its mixture.
The example that contains the commercially available emulsion splitter of oxyethane and propylene oxide block copolymer includes but not limited to: the SP169 that contains with the Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether that is initiator; The BP series that contains with the propylene glycol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether that is initiator, for example BP169, BP199, BP2040, BE series, Y-270, N-22064 etc.; GP 315 series that contain with the glycerol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether that is initiator; The AE series (for example AE121, AE6952, AE1910, AE8051, AE7921, AE9901, AE10071 etc.), the AP series (for example AP221, AP136, AP 7041 etc.) that contain with the polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether that is initiator; Containing with resol, phenol-amine resin is the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether of initiator, F3111 for example, AR36, AR46, TA1031, ST14 etc.; Containing with the tolylene diisocyanate is the cross-linking type polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether of chainextender, BCO1912 for example, POI2420, SD-903, M-501 etc.
In certain embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned desalting composition also can not comprise component (A).
The component of desalting composition of the present invention (B) can be one or more carboxylic acid polyalcohols, also can be one or more organic phospho acid compounds, or their mixture.
Wherein, the example of described carboxylic acid polyalcohol includes but not limited to: the multipolymer of the multipolymer of the multipolymer of acrylate copolymer, hydrolytic polymaleic anhydride, vinylformic acid and maleic anhydride, vinylformic acid and acrylate or vinylformic acid-2-acrylamide-2-methyl-propyl sulfonic acid (AMPS), or its mixture.The multipolymer of preferred vinylformic acid of described carboxylic acid polyalcohol and acrylate or its mixture, more preferably vinylformic acid-Propylene glycol monoacrylate, vinylformic acid-methyl acrylate, vinylformic acid-Hydroxyethyl acrylate, vinylformic acid-Propylene glycol monoacrylate-methyl acrylate, or its mixture.
Wherein, described organic phospho acid compound is the organic phosphine carboxylic acid compounds, comprise 1-Hydroxy Ethylidene-1,1-Diphosphonic Acid (HEDP), Amino Trimethylene Phosphonic Acid (ATMP), ethylene diamine tetra methylene phosphonic acid (EDTMP), diethylene triamine pentamethylene phosphonic (DTPMP), 2-phosphonate group-1,2,4-butane tricarboxylate (PBTC), 2-hydroxyl phosphino-acetate (HPAA) etc. perhaps are the organic phosphine sulfonic compounds, N for example, N, N '-trimethylene tri methylene phosphonic acid-quadrol-N '-hydroxypropyl sulfonic acid etc., or its mixture.
The component of above-mentioned desalting composition (C) can be a water, also can be for example alcohol, carboxylic acid, sulfone, acid amides or ether etc. of organic solvent, can also be mineral acid, or its mixture.
The mass percentage content of the component of above-mentioned desalting composition (A) is preferably 10-70%; Component (B) mass percentage content is preferably 2-80%, more preferably 2-25%.
Can be by making desalting composition of the present invention according to as above mixed with said components (A), (B) with (C).
In certain embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned composition can also comprise and is beneficial to any other material of the invention process.
The present invention can be applicable to crude oil, especially acid-containing raw oil is carried out desalination.With above-mentioned desalting composition be used for crude oil, the method that is particularly useful for the acid-containing raw oil desalination may further comprise the steps: desalting composition is added to crude oil mixes, mix with water filling afterwards, carry out oily water separation then; Mix with crude oil after perhaps desalting composition being added in the water filling, carry out oily water separation then.
The consumption of the mixing temperature in the desalting treatment process, time, desalting composition and water injection rate change with hybrid mode and the different of crude oil kind, density and viscosity, and those skilled in the art can easily be determined according to its knowledge of grasping.Wherein, mixing temperature can be 30~200 ℃, preferred 60-150 ℃.Mixing time can for 0.5s-60min to reach thorough mixing.The consumption of desalting composition can be the 5-1000ppm of crude oil in mass, preferred 10-500ppm.Water injection rate is the 2-50% of former oil volume, is preferably the 3-20% of former oil volume.
Below by way of example the present invention is specifically described.But scope of the present invention is not limited to following cited specific embodiments, and any conversion scheme of being done according to the present invention all should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of desalting composition 1
Make desalting composition 1 with following component (A), (B) with (C) by following given mixed.
Figure A20061016952300071
Use desalting composition 1 to carry out the acid-containing raw oil desalting treatment
Kelamayi Jiu Qu contains sour viscous crude and kerosene makes experiment oil (salts contg 4.4mg/L NaCl, calcium contents 154ppm) according to 7: 3 volume ratios.Is benchmark with experiment with oil quality, and the desalting composition of usage quantity shown in 10% water filling and the following table 1 is made into the aqueous solution.The aqueous solution that makes be preheating to stock oil thorough mixing 20s on commercially available fruit juice stirrer of 90-100 ℃, pour into then in the cone-shaped glass desalter.Adopt DP-II type electric desalting breakdown of emulsion instrument to carry out oily water separation, 80 ℃ of electric-force gradient 200v/cm, temperature.After the oily water separation, get the crude oil after the desalination, analyze water-content according to a conventional method, press SY/T 0536-94 standard law and measure salts contg, measure calcium contents with plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP/AES).Measurement result is as shown in table 1.
The desalting treatment result of 1 pair of Kelamayi viscous crude/kerosene-oil mixture of table 1 desalting composition
Figure A20061016952300081
Annotate: the criterion of acceptability of water-content and salts contg is water-content≤0.2%, salts contg≤3mg/L NaCl in the crude oil.
Embodiment 2
The preparation of desalting composition 2
Make desalting composition 2 with following component (A), (B) with (C) by following given mixed.
Figure A20061016952300082
Use desalting composition 2 to carry out the acid-containing raw oil desalting treatment
Liaohe River viscous crude and kerosene make experiment oil (salts contg 29mg/LNaCl, calcium contents 360ppm) according to 8: 2 volume ratios.Use desalting composition 2 to carry out desalination according to the method for embodiment 1.Measurement result is as shown in table 2.
The desalting treatment result of 2 pairs of Liaohe River viscous crude/kerosene-oil mixtures of table 2 desalting composition
Figure A20061016952300091
Annotate: the criterion of acceptability of water-content and salts contg is water-content≤0.2%, salts contg≤3mg/L NaCl in the crude oil.
Embodiment 3
The preparation of desalting composition 3
Make desalting composition 3 with following component (A), (B) with (C) by following given mixed.
Use desalting composition 3 to carry out the acid-containing raw oil desalting treatment
Experiment is huge port oil (salts contg 23.1mg/L NaCl, calcium contents 15ppm) with oil.Use desalting composition 3 to carry out desalination according to the method for embodiment 1.Measurement result is as shown in table 3.
The desalting treatment result of 3 pairs of huge port oil of table 3 desalting composition
Figure A20061016952300093
Annotate: the criterion of acceptability of water-content and salts contg is water-content≤0.2%, salts contg≤3mg/L NaCl in the crude oil.
Embodiment 4
The preparation of desalting composition 4
Make desalting composition 4 with following component (A), (B) with (C) by following given mixed.
Figure A20061016952300101
Use desalting composition 4 to carry out the acid-containing raw oil desalting treatment
Experiment is the Sudan's mixing oil (salts contg 12mg/L NaCl, calcium contents 8.0ppm) with oil.Use desalting composition 4 to carry out the desalination of acid-containing raw oil breakdown of emulsion according to the method for embodiment 1.Measurement result is as shown in table 4.
The desalting treatment result of 4 pairs of the Sudan's mixing oils of table 4 desalting composition
Figure A20061016952300102
Annotate: the criterion of acceptability of water-content and salts contg is water-content≤0.2%, salts contg≤3mg/L NaCl in the crude oil.
Embodiment 5
The preparation of desalting composition 5
Make desalting composition 5 with following component (A), (B) with (C) by following given mixed.
Figure A20061016952300103
Figure A20061016952300111
Use desalting composition 5 to carry out the acid-containing raw oil desalting treatment
Experiment is the Sudan's mixing oil (salts contg 12mg/L NaCl, calcium contents 8.0ppm) with oil.According to the method for embodiment 1, use the desalting composition 5 of preparation to carry out the desalination of acid-containing raw oil breakdown of emulsion, measurement result is as shown in table 5.
The desalting treatment result of 5 pairs of the Sudan's mixing oils of table 5 desalting composition
Figure A20061016952300112
Annotate: the criterion of acceptability of water-content and salts contg is water-content≤0.2%, salts contg≤3mg/L NaCl in the crude oil.The comparative example 1
Use commercially available emulsion splitter AE7921 to carry out the acid-containing raw oil desalting treatment
Experiment uses oil with embodiment 4.According to the method for embodiment 1, use conventional commercially available emulsion splitter AE7921 to carry out the desalination of acid-containing raw oil breakdown of emulsion.Measurement result is as shown in table 6.
The conventional emulsion splitter AE7921 of table 6 is to the desalting treatment result of the Sudan's mixing oil
Figure A20061016952300113
Annotate: the criterion of acceptability of water-content and salts contg is water-content≤0.2%, salts contg≤3mg/L NaCl in the crude oil.
The comparative example 2
Use commercially available emulsion splitter 9909 to carry out the acid-containing raw oil desalting treatment
Experiment uses oil with embodiment 5.According to the method for embodiment 1, experimental group uses conventional commercially available emulsion splitter 9909 to carry out the desalination of acid-containing raw oil breakdown of emulsion.Measurement result is as shown in table 7.
The desalting treatment result of 9909 pairs of the Sudan's mixing oils of the conventional emulsion splitter of table 7
Figure A20061016952300114
Figure A20061016952300121
Annotate: the criterion of acceptability of water-content and salts contg is water-content≤0.2%, salts contg≤3mg/L NaCl in the crude oil.
The desalting treatment result who contrasts the desalting treatment result of above comparative example 1 and 2 and embodiment 4 and 5 as can be seen, the present invention has good strengthening effect to the breakdown of emulsion desalting and dewatering of acid-containing raw oil.

Claims (19)

1. crude oil desalting composition, it comprises the following component of following mass percentage content:
(A) 0-95% emulsion splitter;
(B) one or more carboxylic acid polyalcohols of 1-90%, perhaps one or more organic phospho acid compounds, or its mixture;
(C) 4-94% solvent.
2. the desalting composition of claim 1, wherein said component (A) emulsion splitter contains one or more oxyethane and propylene oxide block copolymer.
3. the desalting composition of claim 2, it is the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether of initiator that wherein said oxyethane and propylene oxide block copolymer are selected from the Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18), with the quadrol is the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether of initiator, with the propylene glycol is the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether of initiator, with the glycerol is the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether of initiator, with the polyethylene polyamine is the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether of initiator, with resol, phenol-amine resin is the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether of initiator, with the tolylene diisocyanate is the cross-linking type polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether of chainextender, and composition thereof.
4. the desalting composition of claim 1, wherein said component (B) carboxylic acid polyalcohol is multipolymer or its mixture of vinylformic acid and acrylate.
5. the desalting composition of claim 4, the polymkeric substance of wherein said vinylformic acid and acrylate be selected from vinylformic acid-Propylene glycol monoacrylate, vinylformic acid-methyl acrylate, vinylformic acid-Hydroxyethyl acrylate, vinylformic acid-Propylene glycol monoacrylate-methyl acrylate, and composition thereof.
6. the desalting composition of claim 1, wherein said component (B) organic phospho acid compound is selected from organic phosphine carboxylic acid compounds, organic phosphine sulfonic compounds and composition thereof.
7. the desalting composition of claim 1, wherein said solvent is selected from water, mineral acid and organic solvent.
8. the desalting composition of claim 7, wherein said organic solvent are alcohol.
9. the desalting composition of each claim of claim 1-8, the mass percentage content of wherein said component (A) emulsion splitter is 10-70%.
10. the desalting composition of each claim of claim 1-8, the mass percentage content of wherein said component (B) is 2-80%.
11. the desalting composition of each claim of claim 1-8, the mass percentage content of wherein said component (B) is 2-25%.
12. the composition of each claim of claim 1-11 is used to the purposes of crude oil desalting.
13. the desalting composition of each claim of using claim 1-11 is the method for crude oil desalting, comprises the steps: desalting composition added in the crude oil to mix, and mixes with water filling afterwards, carries out oily water separation then; Mix with crude oil after perhaps desalting composition being added in the water filling, carry out oily water separation then.
14. the method for claim 13, wherein said crude oil are acid-containing raw oil.
15. the method for claim 13 or 14, wherein mixing temperature is 30-200 ℃, and mixing time is 0.5s-60min, and the usage quantity of desalting composition is the 5-1000ppm of crude oil in mass, and water injection rate is the 2-50% of former oil volume.
16. the method for claim 13 or 14, wherein the usage quantity of desalting composition is the 10-500ppm of crude oil in mass.
17. the method for claim 13 or 14, wherein water injection rate is the 3-20% of former oil volume.
18. the method for claim 13 or 14, wherein mixing temperature is 60-150 ℃.
19. the component (B) of the desalting composition of claim 1,4-8,10, each claim of 11 is used to the purposes of crude oil desalting.
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