CN101165544A - High-precision star simulator - Google Patents
High-precision star simulator Download PDFInfo
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- 239000005338 frosted glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000005337 ground glass Substances 0.000 abstract 2
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 4
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-precision star simulator, which comprises a light source, an infrared reflecting mirror, ground glass, a condenser A, a cemented prism, an attenuation sheet group, an optical filter, a condenser B, a star point plate and a collimator, wherein the infrared reflecting mirror, the ground glass, the condenser A, the cemented prism, the attenuation sheet group, the optical filter, the condenser B, the star point plate and the collimator are sequentially arranged on a light path; in order to stabilize the light source, the present invention may further include a light source brightness control circuit, a cemented prism disposed behind the condenser lens a, and a photodiode disposed on a transmission light path of the cemented prism. The invention solves the defects of low precision and high cost of the existing star simulator, and has the advantages of capability of directly simulating seventeen stars and the like, simulation precision of +/-0.05 and the like, high single-star parallelism simulation precision of +/-1', low cost, high system stability, convenience in operation and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of star simulator.
Background technology
Along with the development of Chinese Space technology, spacecrafts such as satellite, manned spaceship need longer life-span, higher control accuracy and reliability.In spacecraft attitude control system, Star Sensor (hereinafter to be referred as star sensor) is the highest attitude sensor of measuring accuracy, therefore itself does not have mechanical movable part, helps long-life and miniaturization, is one of the most promising and attitude sensor that precision is the highest in the spacecraft.Star sensor determines that the object of reference of attitude is a fixed star, mainly uses fixed star simulator (hereinafter to be referred as star simulator) when it is carried out ground detection.The function of star simulator mainly is that characteristics such as the spectrum of infinite distance fixed star, illumination, collimation and colour temperature are simulated.Therefore the quality of star simulator simulation starlight is most important, and its performance directly determines the credibility of star sensor measurement result.
One of technical scheme of star simulator is to adopt the vault of heaven formula light transmitting fiber scheme, star sensor is fixed on the turntable under the vault of heaven tests.This scheme is really true to life, but cost is very high.Two of the technical scheme of star simulator is to utilize computing machine as the star chart generator, generates the sky star chart on LCDs, with wide-angle lens the spherical light wave that celestial body in the display screen sends is become directional light again, with the celestial body of simulation infinite distance.But its precision is relatively poor.Three of the technical scheme of star simulator is to utilize liquid crystal light valve to replace LCDs to generate the sky star chart, and present liquid crystal light valve is 1024 * 768 pixels, and contrast surpasses 1000: 1, simulation magnitude+2～+ 6.5 etc., magnitude precision ± 0.3 etc.But liquid crystal light valve can't satisfy the needs that magnitude covers-2～+ 6 magnitudes at present, and indexs such as the starlight depth of parallelism can not meet the demands.For this reason, the replacement scheme that must seek first kind of scheme comes high-quality, height to simulate the vault of heaven realistically.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of high-quality, high true to nature, star simulator cheaply, and it has solved the shortcoming that existing star simulator precision is low, cost is high.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of high precision star simulator, comprise light source 1 and parallel light tube 12, and its special character is that described star simulator also comprises condenser system, attenuator group 7 and the star tester 10 that is arranged between light source 1 and the parallel light tube 12.
Above-mentioned condenser system comprises condenser A4 and condenser B9; Described attenuator group 7 is arranged between condenser A4 and the condenser B9, and described star tester 10 is arranged on after the condenser B9.
Above-mentioned star simulator also comprises optical filter 8; Described optical filter 8 is arranged on before or after the attenuator group 7.
Above-mentioned condenser system comprises condenser A4 and condenser B9; Described attenuator group 7 and optical filter 8 are arranged between condenser A4 and the condenser B9, and described star tester 10 is arranged on after the condenser B9.
Above-mentioned star simulator also comprises the light-source brightness control circuit, be arranged on the cemented prism 5 after the condenser A4 and photodiode 6 on cemented prism 5 transmitted light paths is set; Described light-source brightness control circuit comprises first power amplifier 15, low-pass filter 16, analog to digital converter 17, single-chip microcomputer 18, digital to analog converter 19 and second power amplifier 20 that is connected in turn after photodiode 6 output terminals; Described attenuator group 7 and condenser B9 are arranged on cemented prism 5 reflected light paths; The output terminal of described second power amplifier 20 links to each other with the power end of light source 1.
Above-mentioned attenuator group 7 is fixedly to select four attenuators to make up in the attenuator of transmitance at following five kinds: transmitance is that 99.8% No. 0 attenuator, transmitance are that 63.00% No. 1 attenuator, transmitance are that 39.73% No. 2 attenuators, transmitance are that 15.82% No. 4 attenuators, transmitance are 2.51% No. 8 attenuators.
Above-mentioned attenuator group 7 is fixedly to make up in the attenuator of transmitance at following four kinds: transmitance is that 63.00% No. 1 attenuator, transmitance are that 39.73% No. 2 attenuators, transmitance are that 15.82% No. 4 attenuators, transmitance are 2.51% No. 8 attenuators.
Above-mentioned star simulator also comprises frosted glass 3 and the ir reflector 2 that is arranged between light source 1 and the condenser system.
The hole diameter of above-mentioned star tester 10 is 8-20um.
Advantage of the present invention is:
But 1 direct modeling starry sky.Be placed in the star simulator of different many differing heights of dimensional orientation, every star simulator self allows the minute adjustment of orientation, luffing angle, and every star simulator all can be simulated 500nm～650nm ,-2 of 600nm～750nm and three spectrum segments of 650nm～850nm,-1.5 ,-1 ,-0.5,0, + 0.5 ,+1 ,+1.5, + 2 ,+2.5 ,+3, + 3.5 ,+4 ,+4.5, + 5 ,+5.5 ,+6 ten seven magnitudes.
2, simulation precision height.By selecting any one attenuator to carry out the precision adjustment consciously, therefore greatly reduce the harsh requirement of attenuator coating cost and plated film precision; By the attenuator apolegamy, can reach high-precision transmitance requirement on the contrary; Simulation precision can reach ± 0.05 etc., performance is compared with the star image simulation device all bigger improvement.
3, single star depth of parallelism simulation precision height.Because the present invention adopted new design idea, be the fixed star light source that the aperture of 20um is simulated unlimited distance with the star tester diameter, with respect to the luminous point diameter about optical fiber or liquid crystal light valve 100um, single star depth of parallelism simulation precision of the present invention can be up to ± 1 ".
4, range of application is wide.Can simulate 500nm～650nm ,-2 ,-1.5 ,-1 ,-0.5,0 ,+0.5 ,+1 ,+1.5 ,+2 ,+2.5 ,+3 ,+3.5 ,+4 ,+4.5 ,+5 ,+5.5 of 600nm～750nm and three spectrum segments of 650nm～850nm ,+6 ten seven magnitudes.
5, cost is low.The plated film of the used attenuator of star simulator of the present invention only needs five times, and each attenuator has repeatedly use when 17 kinds of magnitudes of combination, greatly reduce the plated film accuracy requirement of attenuator like this.Because though the transmitance of the attenuator of plated film can swing up and down near ideal value each time, but this situation might occur: the whole transmitance of three attenuators having selected is compared (or less than normal) bigger than normal with ideal value, just selects the attenuator with ideal value (or bigger than normal) less than normal when selecting the 4th attenuator consciously.Like this, compare, originally also can adjust use with the bigger attenuator of theoretical attenuation rate deviation with ideal value.
6, system has 24 hours * 7 days high stability.The present invention utilizes the photodiode sampling by cemented prism is set with the light beam beam splitting in light path, by the light-source brightness control circuit, in the mode of closed-loop control the degree of stability of light source is controlled automatically.
7, easy to operate.Optical filter among the present invention and attenuator group all are to carry out instantaneously changing as required, only corresponding optical filter or attenuator group need be inserted corresponding position during replacing and get final product.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a best optics structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the annexation synoptic diagram of photodiode and light-source brightness control circuit;
Wherein: 1-light source, 2-ir reflector, 3-frosted glass, 4-condenser A, the 5-cemented prism, 6-photodiode, 7-attenuator group, 8-optical filter, 9-condenser B, 10-star tester, 11-parallel light tube object lens, the 12-parallel light tube, 13-two-dimensional adjusting mechanism, 14-base, 15-first power amplifier, 16-low-pass filter, 17-analog to digital converter, the 18-single-chip microcomputer, 19-digital to analog converter, 20-second power amplifier.
Embodiment
A kind of concrete embodiment of the present invention is seen Fig. 2, comprises light source and the ir reflector, frosted glass, condenser A, cemented prism, attenuator group, optical filter, condenser B, star tester and the parallel light tube that are successively set on the light path; Light source adopts the combined type halogen tungsten bulb, and its parameter is: voltage 12V, power 35W, luminous intensity 5000cd, mean lifetime 1000h; The combined type halogen tungsten bulb is luminous to contain a large amount of infrared rays, and in order to reduce near the temperature the asterism, the infrared reflection that adopts ir reflector that bulb is sent is returned and dispelled the heat; Because bulb converges in the luminous energy major part of frosted glass in diameter 8mm, condenser system will have the optical convergence of equal angular on a point on the star tester in this scope, the every bit that is hot spot on the star tester all is the coefficient result of light of frosted glass 8mm scope, so the effect of frosted glass is to make the distribution of the luminous point at final arrival star tester aperture place more even; Condenser system is that condenser A and condenser B form, and the enlargement ratio of condenser A and condenser B is 0.4, and wherein condenser A is arranged on before the cemented prism, and condenser B is arranged on the cemented prism reflected light path; The attenuator group of each spectrum segment has 17 kinds, satisfies the requirement of 17 magnitude brightness; Optical filter has three kinds, sees through 500nm～650nm, the light of 600nm～750nm and 650nm～850nm respectively; Attenuator group and optical filter directly are inserted in the light path, are convenient to change; The diameter of star tester is 20um; The object lens of parallel light tube adopt three mirror group forms; Photodiode is arranged on the transmitted light path of cemented prism, and photodiode output links to each other with the signal input part of light-source brightness control circuit, and the control output end of light-source brightness control circuit links to each other with the power end of light source; The attenuator group is fixedly to select four attenuators to make up in the attenuator of transmitance at following five kinds: transmitance is that 99.8% No. 0 attenuator, transmitance are that 63.00% No. 1 attenuator, transmitance are that 39.73% No. 2 attenuators, transmitance are that 15.82% No. 4 attenuators, transmitance are 2.51% No. 8 attenuators; The attenuator group also can fixedly make up in the attenuator of transmitance at following four kinds: transmitance is that 63.00% No. 1 attenuator, transmitance are that 39.73% No. 2 attenuators, transmitance are that 15.82% No. 4 attenuators, transmitance are 2.51% No. 8 attenuators; Star tester is provided with the asterism governor motion, and the asterism governor motion adopts fine thread, and its positional precision is 10um; The focal length of parallel light tube is 1000mm, aperture: 100mm, resolution: 2 ", the visual field: 2.4 '; Objective lens will guarantee three eyeglasses strict with one heart, it is not overproof to guarantee to process and debug the parallelism error that error causes.
High precision star simulator also should comprise two dimensional scaffolds and base when using.The structure of support and base is seen Fig. 1, and two dimensional scaffolds are made up of fixed head, portable plate, WidFin mechanism, HeiFin mechanism; Parallel light tube one end links to each other with portable plate, and the other end contacts with micro-adjusting mechanism; Base plays support and horizontal adjustment effect.
The principle of the invention: adopt parallel light tube to produce the asterism of infinite distance, simulate the magnitude of different spectrum, brightness by optical filter and attenuator.The size of star tester hole diameter is the depth of parallelism index of decision simulation starlight directly: the star tester hole diameter is too small, and is very high to light source requirements, is difficult to simulate brighter magnitude; The star tester hole diameter is excessive, and the simulation starlight depth of parallelism is second-rate.It is between the 8-20um that the present invention selects hole diameter by balance, preferable with the hole diameter of 10um.
Designed the high steady light-source system of close-loop feedback control in star simulator, star simulator of the present invention has been selected stable broad spectrum light source for this reason, has designed color filter and attenuator then respectively.The fixed star that color filter is used to select and simulate has the light of same spectra characteristic, and the optical filter of 650～850nm wave band presents kermesinus, and the optical filter of 600～750nm wave band presents redness, and the optical filter of 500～650nm wave band presents yellow; Attenuator is used for the light after filtering is carried out the decay of different ratios, is used to simulate different magnitudes.The attenuator group is made up of four attenuators, and how by four attenuators key that to form 17 magnitudes are this modes, according to the astronomy definition, so 100 times of the luminance differences of per 6 integer magnitudes are per 2 integer magnitude differences
Doubly, per half magnitude difference
Doubly.Based on-2 stars such as grade, other magnitude just can be formed different magnitudes by 1.5848 times decay successively.This programme 5 kinds of forms shown in 1 that at first attenuator tabulated by the combination of table 2 or table 3, just can constitute 17 attenuators that magnitude is required again.
The transmitance of table 1 attenuator
| Transmitance | Attenuator code name value | Be equivalent to reference plate decay number |
| 99.8％ | No. 0 | 0 flat board is plated film not |
| 63.00％ | No. 1 | 1 secondary standard attenuator |
| 39.73％ | No. 2 | 2 secondary standard attenuators |
| 15.82％ | No. 4 | 4 secondary standard attenuators |
| 2.51％ | No. 8 | 8 secondary standard attenuators |
The attenuator array configuration one of 17 magnitudes of table 2
| Sequence number | Magnitude | Decay number percent | Array mode (attenuator code name value in the table 1) |
| 0 | -2 | 99.20％ | 0+0+0+0 |
| 1 | -1.5 | 62.72％ | 1+0+0+0 |
| 2 | -1 | 39.57％ | 2+0+0+0 |
| 3 | -0.5 | 25.02％ | 1+2+0+0 |
| 4 | 0 | 15.75％ | 4+0+0+0 |
| 5 | +0.5 | 9.96％ | 4+1+0+0 |
| 6 | +1 | 6.28％ | 4+2+0+0 |
| 7 | +1.5 | 3.97％ | 4+2+1+0 |
| 8 | +2 | 2.50％ | 8+0+0+0 |
| 9 | +2.5 | 1.58％ | 8+1+0+0 |
| 10 | +3 | 1.00％ | 8+2+0+0 |
| 11 | +3.5 | 0.63％ | 8+2+1+0 |
| 12 | +4 | 0.397％ | 8+4+0+0 |
| 13 | +4.5 | 0.251％ | 8+4+1+0 |
| 14 | +5 | 0.158％ | 8+4+2+0 |
| 15 | +5.5 | 0.100％ | 8+4+2+1 |
| 16 | +6 | 0.063％ | 8+8+0+0 |
The attenuator array configuration two of 17 magnitudes of table 3
| Sequence number | Magnitude | Decay number percent | Array mode (attenuator code name value in the table 1) |
| 0 | -2 | 99.20％ | 0+0+0+0 |
| 1 | -1.5 | 62.72％ | 1+0+0+0 |
| 2 | -1 | 39.65％ | 1+1+0+0 |
| 3 | -0.5 | 25.02％ | 2+1+0+0 |
| 4 | 0 | 15.79％ | 2+2+0+0 |
| 5 | +0.5 | 9.98％ | 2+2+1+0 |
| 6 | +1 | 6.30％ | 2+2+2+0 |
| 7 | +1.5 | 3.97％ | 4+2+1+0 |
| 8 | +2 | 2.50％ | 4+4+0+0 |
| 9 | +2.5 | 1.58％ | 4+4+1+0 |
| 10 | +3 | 1.00％ | 4+4+2+0 |
| 11 | +3.5 | 0.63％ | 8+2+1+0 |
| 12 | +4 | 0.397％ | 4+4+4+0 |
| 13 | +4.5 | 0.251％ | 8+4+1+0 |
| 14 | +5 | 0.158％ | 8+4+2+0 |
| 15 | +5.5 | 0.100％ | 8+4+2+1 |
| 16 | +6 | 0.063％ | 4+4+4+4 |
The circuit theory of light-source brightness control circuit is referring to Fig. 3.Halogen tungsten bulb luminous through irradiation optical system to the photosurface of photodiode, produce photocurrent, the power of photocurrent and light strong and weak proportional.Photo-signal is amplified through power amplifier, again by after the assorted amount of low pass filter filters out high frequency, give analog to digital converter, read its value by single-chip microcomputer, and through handling, given regulated quantity is sent into digital to analog converter, amplifies output by power amplifier after changing, and reaches the stable effect of halogen tungsten bulb.
By above-mentioned attenuator combination thinking as can be seen, coating process only needs four times, maximum five times.Concerning each attenuator, coating process is the plated film multi-disc simultaneously, can repeatedly use when 17 kinds of magnitudes of combination.Though the transmitance of the attenuator of plated film can swing up and down near ideal value each time, following situation can occur when being used in combination: the whole transmitance of wherein three attenuators of having selected is compared (or less than normal) bigger than normal with ideal value.This moment is according to the pairing illumination of different magnitudes, when selecting the 4th attenuator, its transmitance is adjusted, adjusting generally is to match in this batch plated film product, promptly just selects the attenuator with ideal value (or bigger than normal) less than normal when selecting the 4th attenuator consciously.Carry out conscious selection like this and greatly reduce plated film accuracy requirement, and be originally that the attenuator of substandard products also can use when adjusting attenuator.Therefore, above-mentioned attenuator combination thinking greatly reduces the harsh requirement of attenuator coating cost and plated film precision, and can reach high-precision transmitance requirement.
Claims (10)
1. a high precision star simulator comprises light source (1) and parallel light tube (12), it is characterized in that: described star simulator also comprises condenser system, attenuator group (7) and the star tester (10) that is arranged between light source (1) and the parallel light tube (12).
2. a kind of high precision star simulator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described condenser system comprises condenser A (4) and condenser B (9); Described attenuator group (7) is arranged between condenser A (4) and the condenser B (9), and described star tester (10) is arranged on condenser B (9) afterwards.
3. a kind of high precision star simulator according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described star simulator also comprises the light-source brightness control circuit, be arranged on condenser A (4) afterwards cemented prism (5) and photodiode (6) on cemented prism (5) transmitted light path is set; Described light-source brightness control circuit comprises first power amplifier (15), low-pass filter (16), analog to digital converter (17), single-chip microcomputer (18), digital to analog converter (19) and second power amplifier (20) that is connected in turn after photodiode (6) output terminal; Described attenuator group (7) and condenser B (9) are arranged on cemented prism (5) reflected light path; The output terminal of described second power amplifier (20) links to each other with the power end of light source (1).
4. a kind of high precision star simulator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described star simulator also comprises optical filter (8); Described optical filter (8) is arranged on before or after the attenuator group (7).
5. a kind of high precision star simulator according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described condenser system comprises condenser A (4) and condenser B (9); Described attenuator group (7) and optical filter (8) are arranged between condenser A (4) and the condenser B (9), and described star tester (10) is arranged on condenser B (9) afterwards.
6. a kind of high precision star simulator according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described star simulator also comprises the light-source brightness control circuit, be arranged on condenser A (4) afterwards cemented prism (5) and photodiode (6) on cemented prism (5) transmitted light path is set; Described light-source brightness control circuit comprises first power amplifier (15), low-pass filter (16), analog to digital converter (17), single-chip microcomputer (8), digital to analog converter (19) and second power amplifier (20) that is connected in turn after photodiode (6) output terminal; Described attenuator group (7) and condenser B (9) are arranged on cemented prism (5) reflected light path; The output terminal of described second power amplifier (20) links to each other with the power end of light source (1).
7. according to the described a kind of high precision star simulator of arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: described attenuator group (7) is fixedly to select four attenuators to make up in the attenuator of transmitance at following five kinds: transmitance is that 99.8% No. 0 attenuator, transmitance are that 63.00% No. 1 attenuator, transmitance are that 39.73% No. 2 attenuators, transmitance are that 15.82% No. 4 attenuators, transmitance are 2.51% No. 8 attenuators.
8. according to the described a kind of high precision star simulator of arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: described attenuator group (7) is fixedly to make up in the attenuator of transmitance at following four kinds: transmitance is that 63.00% No. 1 attenuator, transmitance are that 39.73% 2 attenuators, transmitance are that 15.82% No. 4 attenuators, transmitance are 2.51% No. 8 attenuators.
9. according to the described a kind of high precision star simulator of arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: described star simulator also comprises frosted glass (3) and the ir reflector (2) that is arranged between light source (1) and the condenser system.
10. a kind of high precision star simulator according to claim 9 is characterized in that: the hole diameter of described star tester (10) is 8-20um.
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| SU934535A2 (en) * | 1980-01-09 | 1982-06-07 | Предприятие П/Я А-3771 | Starry sky simulator |
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| US4955714A (en) * | 1986-06-26 | 1990-09-11 | Stotler James G | System for simulating the appearance of the night sky inside a room |
| CN2738341Y (en) * | 2004-02-09 | 2005-11-02 | 曾乐元 | Analog starry sky demonstration instrument |
| CN1707580A (en) * | 2005-04-11 | 2005-12-14 | 张杨敬 | Production of analog starry sky with LED, CCFL or LED-CCFL mixed subdued light planar illuminating plate |
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2006
- 2006-10-19 CN CNB200610104766XA patent/CN100510849C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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