CN100554385C - The preparation method of fuel derived from urban domestic garbage - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of garbage derivatived fuel preparation method that the domestic waste high added value energy is transformed.The present invention utilizes the bio-mechanical preprocessing process, realizes the lifting that subtracts appearance, diminishing, loss of weight and refuse thermal value of domestic refuse; Organic detritus after sorting and the biomass organic waste of stabilization as garbage derivatived fuel, with the symbiosis of cement kiln calcining cement clinker, power station coal fired power generation symbiosis, the coal-fired symbiosis of central heating.The present invention can make garbage harmless, efficient minimizing and the high added value energy transform resource utilization, has significant social, environment and economic benefit.

Description

The preparation method of fuel derived from urban domestic garbage

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method's of derivatived fuel, particularly a kind of fuel derived from urban domestic garbage preparation method.

Background technology

At present, domestic waste has become one of global environment problem.Along with China's rapid economic development and population are constantly concentrated to the city, domestic waste constantly increases, and the influence of environmental pollution is also increasing.Therefore, innoxious, the minimizing of domestic waste and resource utilization have become the problem that government and the public are concerned about very much.

The existing trash processing way of China mainly is landfill, burning and compost.The landfill method floor space is big, easily underground water and atmosphere is polluted, and resource also can not get recycling.Though burning method processing efficiency height, China's msw water content height, calorific value are low, and it is combustion-supporting to need to add high-grade fuel, thereby the working cost height; Simultaneously, contain the flying dust difficult treatment of Dioxins and heavy metal,, still contain micro-Dioxins in the flue gas, enter the topsoil environment though adopt elder generation and then complicated purification system; In addition, burning fails to make rubbish to obtain maximum resourceization completely.Though compost is a good method, the treatment time is long, and floor space is big, and present ecological fertile slack market.

The rubbish combustibles sorting is prepared garbage derivatived fuel at home and abroad just developed.The problem of this method is domestic refuse moisture height, organic constituent height, is difficult to combustibleconstituents is carried out effective sorting; Simultaneously, biomass components fails to obtain because of the high-moisture calorific value is low to utilize.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that can make domestic waste be converted into garbage derivatived fuel.

For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A kind of preparation method of fuel derived from urban domestic garbage is characterized in that, the step of this method is as follows:

A. the pre-treatment stabilization process of domestic refuse: domestic waste is deposited in the reaction warehouse, by action of microorganisms with inwardly force control to be ventilated, makes the water ratio of rubbish reduce to 30～40%;

B. the above-mentioned rubbish of handling through step a is carried out sorting, the plastics, metal, glass, battery, bamboo wood, dry goods, paper and the masonry that are about in the rubbish sort out respectively;

C. will sieve through remaining rubbish after the step b sorting, and obtain screen underflow biomass components and screen overflow residue, this two portions rubbish is made garbage derivatived fuel respectively; Undersizedly directly be prepared into garbage derivatived fuel utilized; Residue particles on the sieve is big, through uniform mixing, fragmentation or again by inorganic additives compound compressed, granulation, utilizes as the high heating value garbage derivatived fuel.

During above-mentioned sieving garbage, the aperture of sieve is 5～10 millimeters.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following conspicuous characteristics and remarkable advantage:

(1) obvious environment benefit: because microorganism and airy effect have greatly reduced the generation of percolate.Bigger ventilation has guaranteed the aerobic environment in the heap, thereby can not produce foul smell because of the subregion anoxic.

(2) obvious social benefit: compared to domestic refuse system garbage derivatived fuel (RDF) technology of routine, the domestic refuse that the present invention has opened up a suitable China's national situation prepares the technology of garbage derivatived fuel.By biological treatment, with the starting material of preparation garbage derivatived fuel by only based on the rubbish of high heating value components such as paper, plastics, widen the whole domestic refuse component of removal after the recyclable part, broken through the limitation of ordinary method to processing raw material; In addition, the RDF of the more common not moulding of rubbish after Biostatic is handled has better stability, high energy transformation efficiency, and environmental pollution is little.

(3) remarkable in economical benefits: the present invention should utilize existing garbage compost factory to reconstruct reduced investment.

Domestic refuse after the present invention handles obtains 100% resource utilization.All kinds of recover materials that sorting obtains have different economic worths; Biomass components behind dry the stablizing becomes garbage derivatived fuel, and auxiliary even alternative combustion of fossil fuel has vast market prospect.

Embodiment

Domestic waste through bio-stabilization, sorting and screening, is converted into garbage derivatived fuel respectively after broken bag, concrete steps are as follows:

(1) Biostatic of domestic refuse: China's domestic waste has the water ratio height, the characteristics that calorific value is low, and this mainly is owing to the biomass components proportion of high-moisture percentage in the rubbish is bigger, generally reaches about 60～70%.The inventive method scheme utilizes the ultimate principle of biology aerobic compost to make waste stabilisation, reaches the purpose that rubbish subtracts appearance, diminishing and lifting calorific value.In reaction warehouse, inwardly forced ventilation promotes that the microorganism in the scrap heap grows fast with dumping, and by their metabolism, makes organic substances such as the fat in the rubbish, protein are degraded into small molecules.Simultaneously, the heat that utilizes rubbish to produce in the microbiological deterioration process adds ventilation, with drying garbage.Through about 10～15 days processing, the moisture of the overwhelming majority was taken away by heat and wind in the rubbish, and domestic refuse obtains drying, and water ratio is reduced to about 30～40%, and calorific value improves nearly 1-3 doubly.

(2) sorting of domestic refuse: the rubbish after will carrying out a biological disposal upon is classified, and recycles respectively.The plastics, metal, glass, battery, bamboo wood, dry goods, paper and the masonry that are about in the rubbish sort out as resource reusing respectively, and remaining stabilization rubbish carries out energy conversion.

(3) energy of domestic refuse transforms: the residue rubbish after sorting is divided into two portions through screening.Undersized stabilized biomass components, its water ratio is low, material is more even, can directly be prepared into garbage derivatived fuel utilized; Residue particles is big on the sieve, through uniform mixing, fragmentation or again by inorganic additives compound compressed, granulation, can be used as the utilization of high heating value garbage derivatived fuel.Above-mentioned two kinds of garbage derivatived fuels can with the coal-fired symbiosis of the symbiosis of cement kiln calcining cement clinker, power station coal fired power generation symbiosis, central heating.

Claims (2)

1. the preparation method of a fuel derived from urban domestic garbage is characterized in that, the step of this method is as follows:

A. the stable preprocessing process of domestic refuse: domestic waste is deposited in the reaction warehouse,, makes the water ratio of rubbish reduce to 30～40% by aerobic compost action of microorganisms and inside forced ventilation;

B. the above-mentioned rubbish of handling through step a is carried out sorting, the plastics, metal, glass, battery, bamboo wood, dry goods, paper and the masonry that are about in the rubbish sort out respectively;

C. will sieve through remaining rubbish after the step b sorting, and obtain screen underflow biomass components and screen overflow residue, this two portions rubbish is made garbage derivatived fuel respectively; Undersizedly directly be prepared into garbage derivatived fuel utilized; Residue particles on the sieve is big, through uniform mixing, fragmentation or again by inorganic additives compound compressed, granulation, utilizes as the high heating value garbage derivatived fuel.

2. the preparation method of fuel derived from urban domestic garbage according to claim 1, when it is characterized in that sieving garbage, the aperture of sieve is 5～10 millimeters.