CN100461863C - Context basing self-adaptive binary arithmetic decoder - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to an arithmetic decoder based on context self-adaptive binary, wherein said decoder comprises an arithmetic decoder controller, a data interface, a mark subscript, a context subscript increment counter, a context manager, a decode engine and a mark detector; the controller is used to command external modules, the communication between nearby information and grammar element value, to simplify the interfaces of whole decoder; the data interface is used to communicate code flow with outer space, to reduce the communication times between decoder and external code flow; the mark subscript and the context subscript increment counter can quickly calculate out the mark subscript and context subscript increment; and the decode engine can realize the decode at several modes, to save the hardware consumption and accelerate the decode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Video Decoder, particularly a kind of based on the context adaptive binary arithmetic decoding device.
Background technology
Development along with digital television techniques, technology for video/audio encoding and decoding emerges in an endless stream, also occurred MPEG-x, the video coding international standards of two big series H.26x in the world, the common objective that these video encoding standards are pursued is to obtain picture quality as well as possible under alap code check.In order to improve code efficiency, people have done trial on numerous links, such as improving Forecasting Methodology, improve motion compensation, improving piece variation etc.Except said method, improve code efficiency and also have very important a kind of method: improve entropy coding method.Traditional entropy coding method mainly adopts the Huffman theory, but there are two main shortcomings in it: the one, can only represent with the integer-bit bit for non-integral entropy; The 2nd, the employed probabilistic model of encoding is fixed, and the probabilistic statistical characteristics of actual code stream non-stationary always.Therefore, on Huffman theoretical foundation, do improvement, context adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC, Context-Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding) occurred.Context adaptive binary arithmetic coding is the probabilistic model of content choice syntactic element based on context, carries out the adaptive probability estimation according to statistics.Context adaptive binary arithmetic coding has solved the problem of the theoretical coding of traditional Huffman well, and at first, context adaptive binary arithmetic coding adopts arithmetic coding, represents the non-integral data of entropy with the non-integral bit bit; Secondly, the employed probabilistic model of context adaptive binary arithmetic coding always upgrades according to the current characteristic of code stream, so can reflect the probabilistic statistical characteristics of current code stream more accurately.According to statistics, improve 20%～40% based on context binary coding (CABAC) than general variable length code (UVLC) code efficiency.
Based on the context adaptive binary arithmetic decoding device is to be used for adopting the compressed video stream based on context adaptive binary arithmetic coding to carry out the entropy decoding.What industry was commonplace now is to adopt software mode to realize based on the context adaptive binary arithmetic decoding device on the DSP platform.Its feature is that the construction cycle is shorter, and implementation is more flexible.But, whole decode procedure relates at a large amount of context (in main stor(e)y level (main profile) up to 701) and operates, comprise context initialization, context selection and updating context etc., caused decode procedure computing complexity, operand is huge.Realize that decoding can produce the low problem of decoding speed usually so adopt software mode.Therefore, in that decoding speed is required than higher occasion, such as the system that requires real-time decoding, such as SD, HD video code stream, adopting the ASIC design should be more reasonably to select.Adopt the ASIC design can realize higher decoding speed, can satisfy the decoding speed higher requirement.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of based on the context adaptive binary arithmetic decoding device, owing to entropy decoding schema computing complexity, the excessive low problem of entropy decoding speed that causes of operand, improve video decode speed in the solution video decode.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a kind of based on the context adaptive binary arithmetic decoding device, described decoder comprises arithmetic decoder control device, DIU data interface unit, symbol subscript and context subscript incremental computations device, context management device, Decode engine device and symbol detection apparatus
Wherein, the arithmetic decoder control device receives external command and adjacent block information, the context subscript increment of first symbol of syntactic element is delivered to symbol subscript and context subscript incremental computations device, and return the syntax element value that solves after decoding is finished;
The current stream to be decoded of DIU data interface unit buffer memory also all asks FIFO removing with code stream after having separated each syntactic element;
Symbol subscript and context subscript incremental computations device are determined the symbol subscript, and the context subscript increment of determining described symbol subscript correspondence;
The context management device is according to described symbol subscript and the determined context subscript of context subscript incremental computations device increment takes out corresponding current state probability subscript and current big probability value of symbol is delivered to the Decode engine device, and will upgrade good current state probability subscript and current big probability value of symbol and deposit its original position in;
The Decode engine device is beginning to decode a sheet or carry out the Decode engine initialization of register when decoding the macro block (mb) type of an initial data, in decode procedure, decode a value of symbol according to current decoding schema and current state probability subscript and current big probability value of symbol, and carry out the Decode engine register and upgrade and initialization, the bit number of the output code stream that uses;
The series of sign value that symbol detection apparatus is separated out to Decode engine detects, and sends syntactic element decoding the finish command simultaneously or separates the suffix order.
Described external command is the order of outside parser modules.
The arithmetic decoder control device comprises the residual error control device of control residual block decoding and calculates the head symbol context subscript incremental computations device of the context subscript increment of non-first symbol of residual error syntactic element.
The context management device comprises the initialization ROM of the value of store initialization parameter; Generate the address generator of the address of RAM; Value according to the sheet luminance quantization factor and described initiation parameter obtains the current state probability subscript of context model and the initialization computing module of current big probability value of symbol; The state probability pointer RAM of storage current state probability subscript and current big probability value of symbol.
Address generator based on context subscript increment, residual block type and syntax element type calculates the address of RAM.Described address generator generates address ram as the high address at the context initial phase, and the value of the initialization factor is a low order address, and above-mentioned high address and low order address are formed the address of ROM jointly.Described address ram and context model lower label correspondence.
The Decode engine device comprises common decoding schema, equiprobability decoding schema and termination decoding schema.Decoding starts new decode procedure by say the word notice arithmetic decoder control device and request of symbol detection apparatus during suffix.
The present invention is based on the context adaptive binary arithmetic decoding device and come to carry out order with external module by the arithmetic decoder control device, entire decoder and outside interface have been simplified in the exchange of neighbor information and syntax element value; Come by DIU data interface unit that to carry out code stream mutual with the outside, reduced decoder and the mutual number of times of outside code stream; Come quick compute sign subscript and context subscript increment by symbol subscript and context subscript incremental computations device; The context management device has used the interior read-only memory (ROM) of the sheet of a 16X2048 to come needed two initiation parameters of store initialization context, use the interior random asccess memory (RAM) of sheet of a 7X512 to store current state probability subscript and current big probability value of symbol, but and designed the initialization computing module of a pile line operation, thereby realized the initialized pile line operation of context, improved arithmetic speed, realized that context is selected and upgraded and operate fast; Simultaneously, the Decode engine device can carry out the decoding of three kinds of decoding schemas, has both saved hardware spending, has also accelerated decoding speed; Symbol detection apparatus can detect the value of symbol of all syntax element type, makes the present invention can accelerate decoding speed, satisfies the decoding speed higher requirement.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is based on the structured flowchart of context adaptive binary arithmetic decoding device;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of context management device.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 1, comprise arithmetic decoder control device, DIU data interface unit, symbol subscript and context subscript incremental computations device, context management device, Decode engine device and symbol detection apparatus based on the context adaptive binary arithmetic decoding device.Wherein, the arithmetic decoder control device is used to receive external command and adjacent block information, and returns the syntax element value that solves after decoding is finished; DIU data interface unit is used for the current stream to be decoded of buffer memory and all asks FIFO removing with code stream after having separated each syntactic element; Symbol subscript and context subscript incremental computations device are used for determining the symbol subscript, and the context subscript increment of determining described symbol subscript correspondence; The context management device takes out corresponding current state probability subscript according to described context subscript increment and current big probability value of symbol is delivered to described Decode engine, deposits its original position in upgrading good current state probability subscript and current big probability value of symbol; The Decode engine device is used for beginning to decode a sheet or carry out the Decode engine initialization of register when decoding the macro block (mb) type of an initial data, in decode procedure, decode a value of symbol according to current decoding schema and current state probability subscript and current big probability value of symbol, carry out the Decode engine register then and upgrade and initialization, and the bit number of the output code stream that uses; The series of sign value that symbol detection apparatus is used for Decode engine is separated out detects, and sends syntactic element decoding the finish command simultaneously or separates the suffix order.
Workflow based on the context adaptive binary arithmetic decoding device is as follows: after the arithmetic decoder control device receives the order of parser modules, treat after data fifo and the neighbor information control module DSR, just the context subscript increment that calculates good first symbol of syntactic element is passed to symbol subscript and context subscript incremental computations device and starts decoding.Symbol subscript and context subscript incremental computations device be responsible for to determine the current symbol subscript that is about to decoding with and corresponding context subscript increment, startup context management device being ready to after.Context management device based on context subscript increment takes out corresponding current state probability subscript and current big probability value of symbol and delivers to Decode engine and will upgrade good current state probability subscript and current big probability value of symbol and deposit corresponding position in.Decode engine is delivered to symbol detection apparatus with the value of symbol that solves.Symbol detection apparatus is used for detecting a series of value of symbol, sends syntactic element decoding the finish command simultaneously or separates the suffix order.The series of sign value that symbol detection apparatus is separated out to Decode engine detects, and just syntax element value is returned via the arithmetic decoding control device after solving a syntactic element, and request finishes decode procedure.Decode procedure finishes back DIU data interface unit request FIFO removing with code stream.Wherein, for the equiprobability decoding schema directly by the arithmetic decoder control device startup Decode engine that says the word.Then start new decode procedure for need decodings suffix by say the word notice arithmetic decoder control device and request of symbol detection apparatus.The residual error control device is used for controlling the decoding of a residual block.Whenever request arithmetic decoder control device turns back to parser modules with the data that all solve after having separated a residual block.
Wherein, arithmetic decoder control device and DIU data interface unit are external interface devices.The arithmetic decoder control device is responsible for accepting the order of outside parser modules and the adjacent block information of neighbor information control module, starts decoding, returns solving syntax element value after decoding is finished.The main operation of arithmetic decoder control device comprises: resolve the external decoder order, calculate non-first symbol of residual error syntactic element context subscript increment, calculate all symbols of residual block syntactic element the context subscript, start syntactic element decode procedure, send the value of the syntactic element that decodes.DIU data interface unit is responsible for and fifo interface, is used for the current stream to be decoded of buffer memory.After having separated each syntactic element, DIU data interface unit all asks FIFO removing with code stream.
The context management device be primarily implemented in each sheet begin to decode before 701 context models of initialization, in decoding time, is according to the residual block type, the context subscript increment that syntax element type and symbol subscript and context subscript incremental computations device are sent here to choose corresponding context model for each symbol, and after each symbol decoding is finished its corresponding context model is upgraded.
The context management schematic representation of apparatus as shown in Figure 2.The context management device comprise the value that stores two initiation parameters initialization ROM, generate the address generator of the address of RAM, obtain current state probability subscript and the initialization computing module of current big probability value of symbol and the state probability pointer RAM of storage current state probability subscript and current big probability value of symbol of context model according to the value of the sheet luminance quantization factor and described two initiation parameters.
Wherein, initialization ROM is 16 of width, read-only memory in the sheet of the degree of depth 2048, and each memory cell 16 bit, address size is 11 bits.This ROM is used to store two initiation parameters (being 8 complement code).Second initiation parameter placed most-significant byte, and first initiation parameter places least-significant byte, forms a valid data unit.
Context model table to algorithm improves, and makes all corresponding 4 unit of each context model call number:
The agreement initialization factor is to represent the infra-frame prediction sheet at 3 o'clock;
For the context model that includes only the infra-frame prediction sheet, before the valid data unit, add 3 dummy cells;
For the context model that includes only the inter prediction sheet, after the valid data unit, add 1 dummy cell;
For infra-frame prediction sheet and the public context model of inter prediction sheet, 3 unit that interpolation and valid data location contents repeat.
Attention: the context model (at predictive slice in the switch frame) of casting out predictive slice in the switch frame.
When initialization,, take out in 4 unit according to the initialization factor low 2 as addressing.
Wherein state probability pointer RAM is 7 of width, the on-chip memory of the degree of depth 512, and each memory cell 7 bit, address size is 9 bits.This RAM is used to store current state probability subscript and current big probability value of symbol.Context model call number correspondence in address ram and the algorithm.
Address generator is used for generating at the context initial phase address of RAM, and this address is high 9, and the value of the initialization factor is low 2 direct addresses of composition ROM.The address that is used in decode procedure generating RAM during decoding is to choose suitable context model be used to a decode symbol and this context model is upgraded having decoded.Based on context subscript increment, residual block type and syntax element type calculate the call number of context model, the i.e. address of RAM.
The initialization computing module is used for calculating two the parameter current state probability subscripts and the current big probability value of symbol of a context model.According to the value of the sheet luminance quantization factor and two initiation parameters, two the parameter current state probability subscripts and the current big probability value of symbol of computational context model.Computational process needs two clock cycle.Because module is a The pipeline design, need not wait to be calculated finishing, and can import two initiation parameters continuously in each clock cycle.Its algorithm is as follows:
The length of the input data slice luminance quantization factor is 6, and the first zero-adding forms 7 bit complements.Two initiation parameter length are 16, the complement form of two initiation parameters of expression.Use a complement multiplication device, the width of first initiation parameter of multiplicand is 8, and the width of the multiplier sheet luminance quantization factor is 7, and the result is 15, is all complement code.To move right 4 operation of the result of multiplication, the high-order sign bit polishing of using.In the additional calculation, calculate after second initiation parameter is extended to 14, result of calculation is complement code, can not overflow situation again.If addition results is 0, perhaps its sign bit is 1 (negative), then gets 1; Otherwise, if addition results greater than 126, then gets 126.Other situation is got itself.The context state probability is 7 true forms before the result of this function.When decision current state probability subscript and current big probability value of symbol, if preceding context state probability highest order is 0 (smaller or equal to 63), low 6 negates of context state probability before then current state probability subscript equals, current big probability value of symbol is 0; Otherwise the context state probability was low 6 before current state probability subscript equaled, and current big probability value of symbol is 1.
The Decode engine device is mainly carried out in the beginning of a sheet of decoding or after separating the initial data macro block and is carried out the Decode engine initialization of register, in decode procedure, come from common decoding schema according to branch's decoding label information and context model information (current state probability subscript and current big probability value of symbol), selection is wherein a kind of in equiprobability decoding schema and these three kinds of decoding schemas of termination decoding schema decodes to each value of symbol, after finishing, decoding determines whether the Decode engine register is upgraded according to decoded result, heavily normalization or reinitialize, and export this employed code stream bit number of decoding.
The present invention is based on the context adaptive binary arithmetic decoding device and come to carry out order with external module by the arithmetic decoder control device, entire decoder and outside interface have been simplified in the exchange of neighbor information and syntax element value; Come by DIU data interface unit that to carry out code stream mutual with the outside, reduced decoder and the mutual number of times of outside code stream; Come quick compute sign subscript and context subscript increment by symbol subscript and context subscript incremental computations device; The context management device has used the interior read-only memory (ROM) of the sheet of a 16X2048 to come needed two initiation parameters of store initialization context, use the interior random asccess memory (RAM) of sheet of a 7X512 to store current state probability subscript and current big probability value of symbol, but and designed the initialization computing module of a pile line operation, thereby realized the initialized pile line operation of context, improved arithmetic speed, realized that context is selected and upgraded and operate fast; Simultaneously, the Decode engine device can carry out the decoding of three kinds of decoding schemas, has both saved hardware spending, has also accelerated decoding speed; Symbol detection apparatus can detect the value of symbol of all syntax element type, makes the present invention can accelerate decoding speed, satisfies the decoding speed higher requirement.
Claims (10)
1. one kind based on the context adaptive binary arithmetic decoding device, it is characterized in that: described decoder comprises arithmetic decoder control device, DIU data interface unit, symbol subscript and context subscript incremental computations device, context management device, Decode engine device and symbol detection apparatus
Wherein, the arithmetic decoder control device receives external command and adjacent block information, the context subscript increment of first symbol of syntactic element is delivered to symbol subscript and context subscript incremental computations device, and return the syntax element value that solves after decoding is finished;
The current stream to be decoded of DIU data interface unit buffer memory also all asks FIFO removing with code stream after having separated each syntactic element;
Symbol subscript and context subscript incremental computations device are determined the symbol subscript, and the context subscript increment of determining described symbol subscript correspondence;
The context management device is according to described symbol subscript and the determined context subscript of context subscript incremental computations device increment takes out corresponding current state probability subscript and current big probability value of symbol is delivered to the Decode engine device, and will upgrade good current state probability subscript and current big probability value of symbol and deposit its original position in;
The Decode engine device is beginning to decode a sheet or carry out the Decode engine initialization of register when decoding the macro block (mb) type of an initial data, in decode procedure, decode a value of symbol according to current decoding schema and current state probability subscript and current big probability value of symbol, and carry out the Decode engine register and upgrade and initialization, the bit number of the output code stream that uses;
The series of sign value that symbol detection apparatus is separated out to Decode engine detects, and sends syntactic element decoding the finish command simultaneously or separates the suffix order.
2. decoder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described external command is the order of outside parser modules.
3. decoder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the arithmetic decoder control device comprises the residual error control device of control residual block decoding and calculates the head symbol context subscript incremental computations device of the context subscript increment of non-first symbol of residual error syntactic element.
4. decoder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the context management device comprises the initialization ROM of the value of store initialization parameter;
Generate the address generator of the address of RAM;
Value according to the sheet luminance quantization factor and described initiation parameter obtains the current state probability subscript of context model and the initialization computing module of current big probability value of symbol;
The state probability pointer RAM of storage current state probability subscript and current big probability value of symbol.
5. decoder as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: address generator based on context subscript increment, residual block type and syntax element type calculates the address of RAM.
6. decoder as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described address generator generates address ram as the high address at the context initial phase, the value of the initialization factor is a low order address, and above-mentioned high address and low order address are formed the address of ROM jointly.
7. as claim 5 or 6 described decoders, it is characterized in that: described address ram and context model lower label correspondence.
8. decoder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the Decode engine device comprises common decoding schema, equiprobability decoding schema and termination decoding schema.
9. decoder as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: the equiprobability decoding schema directly starts Decode engine by the arithmetic decoder control device.
10. decoder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: decoding starts new decode procedure by say the word notice arithmetic decoder control device and request of symbol detection apparatus during suffix.
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| CN102256121B (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2014-07-09 | 财团法人交大思源基金会 | Background-adaptive binary operation decoding device and decoding method thereof |
| CN102231830B (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2013-04-17 | 浙江大学 | Arithmetic unit used for context arithmetic encoding and decoding |
| JP5925884B2 (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2016-05-25 | ジーイー ビデオ コンプレッション エルエルシー | Context initialization in entropy coding |
| CN106454366A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2017-02-22 | 日本电气株式会社 | Method for coding video quantization parameter and method for decoding video quantization parameter |
| US9060173B2 (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2015-06-16 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Context initialization based on decoder picture buffer |
| CN103327316B (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2016-08-10 | 上海算芯微电子有限公司 | The contextual information access method of video macro block and system |
| US10142635B2 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2018-11-27 | Blackberry Limited | Adaptive binarizer selection for image and video coding |
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