CN100403074C - Optical fiber - Google Patents
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- CN100403074C CN100403074C CNB2004800218398A CN200480021839A CN100403074C CN 100403074 C CN100403074 C CN 100403074C CN B2004800218398 A CNB2004800218398 A CN B2004800218398A CN 200480021839 A CN200480021839 A CN 200480021839A CN 100403074 C CN100403074 C CN 100403074C
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 163
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 115
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 44
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 42
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 30
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 35
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910005793 GeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940085805 fiberall Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Fiber optics applicable to optical communication in not only 1.3 mum wavelength band but 1.55 mum wavelength band as a transmission medium in a WDM optical communication system capable of transmitting a multi-channel signal light to enable a signal transmission in a broader band. The fiber optics mainly consist of quartz glass and are provided with a core area along a specified axis and a clad area surrounding the core area. The fiber optics with such a structure have, as typical optical characteristics, a cable cutoff wavelength of up to 1260 nm, a transmission loss of up to 0.32 dB/km at a wavelength of 1310 nm, and an OH group-caused loss increase amount of up to 0.3 dB/km at a wavelength of 1380 nm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical fiber applicable to the optical transmission line in optical communication system etc.
Background technology
Optical communication system makes the high speed transmission and the reception of high capacity information become possibility by transmitting flashlight via the optical fiber as transmission medium.And wavelength-division multiplex (WDM:Wavelength Division Multiplexing) optical communication system makes the information that sends and receive larger capacity become possibility by the flashlight (multiplexed signals light) of the different a plurality of channels of the multiplexing wavelength of transmission.In recent years, require further high capacity for wdm optical communication system, therefore consideration reduces the signaling channel interval in the WDM light transmission, and enlarges the wavelength band territory of using in the WDM light transmission.
For enlarging signal wavelength band territory, originally C-band of research and utilization (1530nm～1565nm) not only, the L-band of the research and utilization wavelength side longer (1565nm～1625nm) or U wave band (1625nm～1675nm) also than C-band, and, the also O wave band of the research and utilization wavelength side shorter (1260nm～1360nm), E wave band (1360nm～1460nm) and S-band (1460nm～1530nm) than C-band.
For the optical fiber of transmission signals light in such wide band, require loss in this signal wavelength band territory to want little etc.It is the transmission medium of principal ingredient that the optical fiber that is applicable to optical communication system is generally with the quartz glass, is minimum near the loss the wavelength 1550um in the C-band, and, exist the loss that causes by the OH base to increase for wavelength 1380nm.
And the characteristic of the single-mode fiber of standard is stipulated by international standard (ITU-T G.652).According to this specification, the single-mode fiber of standard has the zero-dispersion wavelength of 1300nm～1324nm, be that the allowable value of 8.6 μ m～9.5 μ m and deviation is for the mode field diameter of ± 0.7 μ m and smaller or equal to the cable cutoff wavelength of 1260nm for its central value of wavelength 1310nm.For example as non-patent literature 1～4 record, carrying out produce and market according to the single-mode fiber of this specification by a lot of optical fiber manufacturer.
On the other hand, the optical fiber of using as 1.55 mum wavelength bands, for example disclosed optical fiber has in non-patent literature 5: for the loss of the 0.154dB/km of wavelength 1550nm, for the loss of the 0.291dB/km of wavelength 1300nm, and for the loss increment 0.75dB/km of wavelength 1380nm, that cause by the OH base.And disclosed optical fiber has in patent documentation 1: for the loss of 0.170～0.173dB/km of wavelength 1550nm, and for the loss increment 0.3dB/km of wavelength 1380nm, that cause by the OH base.
Patent documentation 1: No. 6449415 instructions of United States Patent (USP)
Non-patent literature 1: the products catalogue of Sumitomo Electrics Industry Ltd, [Specificationfor Low Water Peak Single-Mode Optical Fiber (G.625D) " PureBandTM "], on August 25th, 2003
The products catalogue of non-patent literature 2:Corning company, [CorningR SMF-28eTMOptical Fiber Product Information], in March, 2003
The products catalogue of non-patent literature 3:OFS company, [AllWaveR Fiber The NewStandard for Single-Mode Fiber], 2003
The products catalogue of non-patent literature 4:Alcatel company, [Alcatel 6901 EnhancedSinglemode Fiber], in January, 2002
Non-patent literature 5: horizontal Tian Hong etc., [loss characteristic of ultra-low loss pure silicon core single-mode fiber], clear and 61 comprehensive national congress of annual electronic communication association, 1091
Inventors have found following problem at the result of existing optical fiber research.Promptly, originally design for purpose with the optical transmission line of the flashlight that transmits 1.3 mum wavelength bands according to the single-mode fiber of the above-mentioned standard of international standard (ITU-T G.625), under the situation in the optical transmission line of the flashlight that is used in transmission 1.55 mum wavelength bands, on the transmission quality this point, have problems.Especially, used under the situation of single-mode fiber of standard, existed the problem that in each signaling channel, is easy to generate the waveform deterioration as the optical transmission line of the wdm optical communication system of the multiplexed signals light of transmission 1.55 mum wavelength bands.
On the other hand, the optical fiber of record in above-mentioned non-patent literature 5, though more satisfactory on the little this point of loss of wavelength 1300nm, wavelength 1380nm's is big by the caused loss increment of OH base.Therefore in other words, the optical fiber of record in the above-mentioned non-patent literature 5 is compared very greatly with other wavelength bands in the loss of wavelength 1380nm and peripheral wavelength band, be not suitable for the signal transmission on the wavelength band that comprises wavelength 1380nm.
And, the optical fiber of record in above-mentioned patent documentation 1, wavelength 1380nm by the little this point of the caused loss increment of OH base on more satisfactory, yet cutoff wavelength is 1350nm more than or equal to 1310nm or zero-dispersion wavelength.Therefore, the optical fiber of record is not suitable for the signal transmission in the above-mentioned patent documentation 1 near the wavelength band the wavelength 1310nm.
Summary of the invention
The present invention makes for solving above-mentioned problem, its purpose is to provide a kind of optical fiber, this optical fiber and interchangeability good (can high-quality multiplexing transmission) for 1.3 mum wavelength bands according to the single-mode fiber of international standard (ITU-T G.652) specified standard even if for 1.55 mum wavelength bands also can high-quality multiplexing transmission, be applicable to the signal transmission on the wide band of broad.
Optical fiber of the present invention be have along core district that predetermined shaft extends and the covering that is provided with on the periphery in core district outside, be the optical transmission medium of principal ingredient with the quartz glass.Especially the optical fiber of first embodiment has the cable cutoff wavelength smaller or equal to 1260nm, for the loss of wavelength 1310nm smaller or equal to 0.32dB/km, and for wavelength 1380nm smaller or equal to loss increment 0.3dB/km, that cause by the OH base.
This optical fiber with above-mentioned characteristic, owing to be to be the transmission medium of principal ingredient with the quartz glass, therefore near the loss wavelength 1550nm becomes minimum.And this optical fiber is little in the loss of wavelength 1310nm, and is also little at the loss increment that is caused by the OH base of wavelength 1380nm.And, because the cable cutoff wavelength of this optical fiber can guarantee low-loss flashlight and single mode transport smaller or equal to 1260nm on the wide signal wavelength band territory from the O wave band to L-band.
In the optical fiber of first embodiment, the loss of wavelength 1310nm is preferably smaller or equal to 0.30dB/km.In this case, can be with near the flashlight the wavelength 1310nm with the long Distance Transmission of lower loss.
In the optical fiber of first embodiment, the loss of the wavelength 1380nm preferably loss than wavelength 1310nm is little.In this case, be fit near the flashlight the wavelength 1380nm with the long Distance Transmission of low-loss.
In the optical fiber of first embodiment, the value of loss gained that deducts wavelength 1550nm from the loss of wavelength 1310nm is preferably smaller or equal to 0.13dB/km.In this case, because the difference of the loss of two wavelength of wavelength 1310nm and 1550nm is little, can be implemented in the flashlight transmission of the homogeneous quality on the wide signal wavelength band territory.
In the optical fiber of first embodiment, zero-dispersion wavelength is preferably greater than and equals 1300nm and smaller or equal to 1324nm.In this case, because the zero-dispersion wavelength of the single-mode fiber of the zero-dispersion wavelength of this optical fiber and standard is roughly the same, this optical fiber is good with the interchangeability of the single-mode fiber of standard, and is very suitable on the dispersion compensation this point.
In the optical fiber of first embodiment, polarization mode dispersion for wavelength 1550nm preferably smaller or equal to 0.5ps/km
1/2The deterioration of the signal transmission performance that can alleviate greatly when carrying out high data rate transfers in this case,, cause by polarization mode dispersion.
In the optical fiber of first embodiment, the bending loss of the bending diameter 20mm of wavelength 1550nm is preferably smaller or equal to 3dB/m.In this case, can reduce when this optical fiber and be rolled into coiled type and increase by the caused loss of macrobending when holding or when reeling.
In the optical fiber of first embodiment, graceful (the Petermann)-I of the Peter on wavelength 1550nm mode field diameter is preferably smaller or equal to 10.0 μ m.In this case, increase by the caused loss of macrobending in the time of can reducing cable.
On the other hand, the optical fiber of second embodiment also can have the cable cutoff wavelength smaller or equal to 1260nm, for the mode field diameter of wavelength 1310nm smaller or equal to 9 μ m, and for wavelength 1550nm smaller or equal to 0.055ps/nm
2The chromatic dispersion gradient of/km.And this optical fiber also can further have for wavelength 1550nm smaller or equal to 16ps/nm
2/ km, preferably smaller or equal to 15ps/nm
2The wavelength dispersion amount of/km.
And the optical fiber of the 3rd embodiment also can have the mode field diameter smaller or equal to 9 μ m for wavelength 1310nm, and for zero-dispersion wavelength smaller or equal to 0.082ps/nm
2The chromatic dispersion gradient of/km.At this moment, in this optical fiber, the chromatic dispersion gradient on the zero-dispersion wavelength is preferably smaller or equal to 0.080ps/nm
2/ km.
By using the optical fiber of these the second and the 3rd embodiment, even if under the situation of the multiplexed signals light that transmits 1.55 mum wavelength bands, also can carry out high-quality signal transmission.And, the optical fiber of these the second and the 3rd embodiment with international standard (ITU-T G.652) in good on the interchangeability of single-mode fiber of specified standard.That is, with the situation of the optical communication system of having used existing single-mode fiber similarly, used the optical communication system of optical fiber of the present invention design, be configured to possibility.And, the optical communication system that also can make up existing single-mode fiber and optical fiber of the present invention and deposit.
And in the optical fiber of the second and the 3rd embodiment, the loss of wavelength 1550nm is preferably smaller or equal to 0.176dB/km.In this case, can make up the optical transmission line of the flashlight of non-relay ground, long distance transmission 1.55 mum wavelength bands.
In the optical fiber of the second and the 3rd embodiment, the loss of wavelength 1310nm is smaller or equal to 0.32dB/km, and the loss increment that is caused by the OH base of wavelength 1380nm is preferably smaller or equal to 0.3dB/km.In this case, can make up non-relay ground, long Distance Transmission not only 1.55 mum wavelength bands, also have the optical transmission line of the flashlight of wide band.
In the optical fiber of the second and the 3rd embodiment, by zero-dispersion wavelength being set at, better with the interchangeability of the single-mode fiber of international standard (ITU-T G.625) specified standard more than or equal to 1300nm and smaller or equal to 1324nm.
And, have in the optical fiber of first of above-mentioned structure～3rd enforcement, preferably in covering, add fluorine, in the core district, do not add GeO2 on the other hand.And, in order to obtain above-mentioned all optical characteristics, the external diameter in the core district of the optical fiber of these first～the 3rd embodiment is more than or equal to 7.5 μ m and smaller or equal to 8.6 μ m, and the refractive index contrast in the core district of covering is designed to more than or equal to 0.36% and smaller or equal to 0.42% relatively.
According to the present invention, can obtain single-mode fiber interchangeability with the international standard specified standard good (can high-quality multiplexing transmission) even if also can optical fiber high-quality multiplexing transmission, that be applicable to the signal transmission on the wide band of broad for 1.55 mum wavelength bands for 1.3 mum wavelength bands.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is sectional view and the refractive index profile that is used to illustrate the structure of optical fiber of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the figure of wavelength interdependence that shows the loss of optical fiber of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the figure of wavelength interdependence that shows the wavelength dispersion of optical fiber of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the process chart that is used to illustrate the manufacture method of the sample of preparing as optical fiber of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the table that has gathered all characteristics separately of the sample A for preparing as optical fiber of the present invention and Comparative examples A.
Fig. 6 is the figure of wavelength interdependence that shows the loss separately of the sample A for preparing as optical fiber of the present invention and Comparative examples A.
Fig. 7 shows the figure of the wavelength dispersion characteristics of optical fiber of the present invention for the wavelength dispersion characteristics with the single-mode fiber of international standard (ITU-T G.652) specified standard is a benchmark.
Fig. 8 is the table that has gathered all characteristics of sample B～I and comparative example B optical fiber separately.
Fig. 9 be show with the mode field diameter MFD of wavelength 1310nm as transverse axis, with cable cutoff wavelength λ
CcOn the two-dimensional space as the longitudinal axis, (MFD, the λ of the optical fiber separately of sample B～F and comparative example B
Cc) curve map of position, also show equiwavelength's dispersion curve simultaneously.
Figure 10 be show with the mode field diameter MFD on the wavelength 1310nm as transverse axis, with cable cutoff wavelength λ
CcOn the two-dimensional space as the longitudinal axis, (MFD, the λ of the optical fiber separately of sample B～F and comparative example B
Cc) curve map of position, the chromatic dispersion slope curve such as also show simultaneously.
Embodiment
Below, utilize Fig. 1～Figure 10 to describe each embodiment of optical fiber of the present invention in detail respectively.And, give prosign to identity element in the description of the drawings, omit repeat specification.
Fig. 1 is the figure that is used to illustrate the structure of optical fiber of the present invention.(a) shown in Fig. 1 for showing the figure of the vertical cross-sectional configuration of the optical axis of relative optical fiber 10, (b) shown in Fig. 1 is the refractive index profile of optical fiber 10.Shown in (a) among Fig. 1, optical fiber 10 is provided with the core district 11 that the center has the external diameter 2a of round section, and the covering 12 that surrounds the periphery in this core district 11.And in the refractive index profile of the optical fiber 10 shown in Fig. 1 (b), the refractive index contrast in the core district 11 of covering 12 is Δ n relatively.
Fig. 2 is the figure of wavelength interdependence that shows the loss of optical fiber of the present invention.Optical fiber 10 is owing to being principal ingredient with the quartz glass, and as shown in Figure 2, loss becomes minimum near wavelength 1550nm.And, use α
1550The loss of expression wavelength 1550nm.In optical fiber 10, the loss α of wavelength 1310nm
1310Smaller or equal to 0.32dB/km, the loss increment Delta α that causes by the OH base of wavelength 1380nm
1380Smaller or equal to 0.3dB/km.
In this optical fiber 10, the loss α of wavelength 1310nm
1310Little, the loss increment Delta α that causes by the OH base of wavelength 1380nm
1380Also little.And therefore the cable cutoff wavelength of this optical fiber 10 in the wide signal wavelength band from the O wave band to L-band, guarantees the low-loss of flashlight and the transmission under the single mode smaller or equal to 1260nm.
In optical fiber 10, at the loss α of wavelength 1310nm
1310Be more preferably smaller or equal to 0.30dB/km, in this case, can be with near the flashlight this wavelength 1310nm with the long Distance Transmission of lower loss.
In optical fiber 10, the loss α of wavelength 1380nm
1380Preferably than the loss α of wavelength 1310nm
1310Little, in this case, be fit to near the flashlight low-loss, the long Distance Transmission wavelength 1380nm.
In optical fiber 10, from the loss α of wavelength 1310nm
1310In deduct the loss α of wavelength 1550nm
1550Value Δ the α (=α of institute
1550-α
1310) preferably smaller or equal to 0.13dB/km.In this case, because the difference of the loss between two wavelength is little, on the wide signal wavelength band territory, can realize the flashlight transmission of homogeneous performance.
Fig. 3 is the curve map of wavelength interdependence that shows the wavelength dispersion of optical fiber of the present invention.As shown in Figure 3, wavelength is long more, and the wavelength dispersion of optical fiber 10 is big more.And, the zero-dispersion wavelength λ of optical fiber 10
0More than or equal to 1300nm and smaller or equal to 1324nm.In this case, the zero-dispersion wavelength of optical fiber 10 and the zero-dispersion wavelength of standard single-mode fiber are roughly the same, so this optical fiber 10 is good, very suitable in the dispersion compensation this point with the interchangeability of standard single-mode fiber.
And in optical fiber 10, the polarization mode dispersion of wavelength 1550nm is preferably smaller or equal to 0.5ps/km
1/2In this case, can be reduced in the deterioration of the flashlight transmission performance that causes by polarization mode dispersion when carrying out the high bit rate transmission.And in optical fiber 10, the bending loss on the bending diameter 20mm of wavelength 1550nm is preferably smaller or equal to 3dB/m.In this case, can be reduced in and be rolled into coiled type and increase by the caused loss of macrobending when holding or when reeling.And in optical fiber 10, graceful (the Petermann)-I of the Peter on wavelength 1550nm mode field diameter is preferably smaller or equal to 10.0 μ m.The loss that is caused by macrobending when this situation can be reduced in cable increases.
Below, first sample (sample A) for preparing as optical fiber of the present invention describes with first comparative example (Comparative examples A).
The optical fiber of sample A has cross-sectional configuration and refractive index profile as shown in Figure 1, and the core district is made of pure quartz glass, and covering is made of the quartz glass that adds fluorine.The external diameter 2a in core district is 7.9 μ m, and the external diameter 2b of covering is 125 μ m.And, be that the refractive index contrast Δ n in the core district of benchmark is 0.39% with the refractive index of covering.Relative therewith, the optical fiber of Comparative examples A is the single-mode fiber of standard, and the core district is by adding GeO
2Quartz glass constitute, covering is made of pure quartz glass.
The manufacture method manufacturing of the optical fiber of this sample A by the following describes.That is, Fig. 4 is the process chart of manufacture method that is used for illustrating each sample of optical fiber of the present invention.In manufacturing process shown in Figure 4, at first,, make the glass bar 2 of external diameter 3mm, long 50cm then at about 2000 ℃ this glass bar of heating furnace in-draw of temperature with the quartz glass bar of VAD method synthesis of high purity.Then, make the glass tube 1 that constitutes for the quartz glass of-0.39% interpolation fluorine by the refractive index contrast of pure relatively quartz glass with the VAD method.And the external diameter of this glass tube 1 is that 20mm, internal diameter are 6mm.
Then, as shown in Figure 4 (a) like that, in the glass tube 1 that has twined strip heater 7, be inserted with under the state of glass bar 2, only make standard state (0 ℃, one atmospheric pressure of the temperature) clean N of 2000cc/min (following note is made sccm) flow down that converts
2Gas (H
2The O amount is smaller or equal to 0.5 volume ppm, and other the amount that contains H gas is smaller or equal to 0.1 volume pPm) flow in glass tube 1 from first of this glass tube 1 distolateral pipe 5.On the other hand, from the 2nd of glass tube 1 the distolateral pipe 6 vacuum exhausts, the air pressure that makes the inside of glass tube 1 is 2.5kPa.At this moment, not only in each operation of removing impurity, sealing and solidization of back, in glass tube 1 and glass bar 2, be heated to scope A respectively, and the scope B of part of long 200mm that comprises two outsides of this scope A also is heated to 200 ℃ of temperature by strip heater 7 more than or equal to 550 ℃.Heated perimeter B is configured to be included in the scope that is heated in the solid chemical industry preface of back more than or equal to 550 ℃.This state is held 4 hours, discharges above-mentioned clean N by blowing
2
Then, as shown in Figure 4 (b) like that, to glass tube 1 in, import removal metallic impurity gas (for example, Cl from first of the glass tube 1 distolateral pipe 5
2, SOC l
2), be heated to 1150 ℃ of temperature by thermal source 3 glass tubes 1 and glass bar 2.The metallic impurity that adhere on the surface of the internal face of glass tube 1 and glass bar 2 are removed like this, respectively.
Then, as shown in Figure 4 (c) like that, by utilizing the 2nd distolateral of thermal source 3 heat fused glass tubes 1, glass tube 1 and glass bar 2 fusions, what arrow S represented is regional sealed.Then, by as the gas pipeline 8 of gas outlet, by vacuum pump with the inner pressure relief of glass tube 1 to vacuum state smaller or equal to 0.01kPa air pressure.Then, clean N
2Gas (H
2The O amount is smaller or equal to 0.5 volume ppm, and other the amount that contains H gas is smaller or equal to 0.1 volume ppm) imported in the glass tube 1 from the 1st of glass tube 1 the distolateral pipe 5.At this moment, by stopping vacuum pump, the inside of glass tube 1 is pressurized to 105kPa air pressure.By this decompression of repeatable operation with pressurize 3 and circulate, (be mainly H attached to the internal face of glass tube 1 and the lip-deep gas of glass bar 2 respectively
2O) break away from.
And, as shown in Figure 4 (d) like that, the 2nd distolateral by according to from glass tube 1, heating and melting glass tube 1 and glass bar 2, solidization (Luo Deyinkulapusi (ロ Star De イ Application コ ラ プ ス) method) to the 1st distolateral order moving heat source 3.At this moment, import the Cl of 500sccm in the inside of glass tube 1
2The O of gas and 500sccm
2Gas.And the air pressure of the inside of glass tube 1 is gauge pressure-1kPa, and the hull-skin temperature of the glass tube 1 during solidization is 1600 ℃.Obtain the 1st preform through top operation.
The 1st preform external diameter is 19mm, and long is 400mm, and the covering footpath is 6.6 with the ratio of core diameter.And,, obtain the 2nd preform of external diameter 14mm by the 1st preform that stretches.On the outer peripheral face of the 2nd preform of this external diameter 14mm, be deposited in H gradually
2O
2Import SiCl in the flame
4The SiO of gained
2Particulate reaches 120mm until external diameter.The accumulation body that obtains so further is heated to 800 ℃ of temperature in stove.And furnace temperature rises to 1500 ℃ with 33 ℃/minute programming rate.Therebetween, the He gas of 1500sccm and the SF of 450sccm
6Gas is imported in the stove.Obtain optic fiber preformed article like this.Then, by this optic fiber preformed article of wire drawing, obtain each sample of optical fiber of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the table of all characteristics of the optical fiber of having summed up above-mentioned sample A and Comparative examples A respectively.And Fig. 6 is the curve map of the wavelength interdependence of the loss of the optical fiber that shows sample A and Comparative examples A respectively.And in Fig. 6, solid line is represented the loss of the optical fiber of sample A, and dotted line is represented the loss of the optical fiber of Comparative examples A.
By these Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 as can be known, the optical fiber of Comparative examples A, the loss α of wavelength 1310nm
1310Be 0.33dB/km, the loss α of wavelength 1380nm
1380Be 0.62dB/km, the loss α of wavelength 1550nm
1550Be 0.19dB/km, loss difference Δ α (=α
1550-α
1310) be 0.14dB/km, the loss increment Delta α that causes by the OH base of wavelength 1380nm
1380Be 0.31dB/km.
On the other hand, the optical fiber of sample A, the loss α of wavelength 1310nm
1310Be 0.29dB/km, the loss α of wavelength 1380nm
1380Be 0.27dB/km, the loss α of wavelength 1550nm
1550Be 0.17dB/km, loss difference Δ α is 0.12dB/km, the loss increment Delta α that is caused by the OH base of wavelength 1380nm
1380Be 0.03dB/km.
And, the optical fiber of sample A, the cable cutoff wavelength is 1220nm, and zero-dispersion wavelength is 1310nm, and the mode field diameter of wavelength 1550nm is 9.7 μ m, and the bending loss on the bending diameter 20mm of wavelength 1550nm is 2dB/m.
And the optical fiber of sample A has fully suppressed core district and covering non-sphering separately, and the polarization mode dispersion of wavelength 1550nm is smaller or equal to 0.1ps/km under the state that twines bobbin
1/2, under the harness state that reduces external force, be smaller or equal to 0.03ps/km
1/2
Below, (sample B's the 2nd～the 9th sample that will prepare as optical fiber of the present invention～I) compare with comparative example B is elaborated.
And the sample B～I of the optical fiber of the present invention of preparation has cross-sectional configuration shown in Figure 1 and index distribution.That is, each optical fiber of sample B～I has the core district of external diameter 2a and surrounds the covering of the periphery in this core district.The refractive index height of the refractive index ratio covering in core district, with the refractive index of covering be benchmark the core district refractive index contrast Δ n on the occasion of.
The optical fiber 1 of these samples B～I is respectively principal ingredient with the quartz glass, is added with the additive that is used to adjust refractive index in two sides of core district and covering or either party.Add GeO in the core district
2, covering by pure quartz glass also constitute can, yet preferably, the core district is by not adding GeO
2Pure quartz glass constitute, covering adds fluorine.By adopting such optical fiber that formation obtained to reduce loss.
Fig. 7 is for showing the curve map of wavelength dispersion characteristics that wavelength dispersion characteristics with the single-mode fiber of international standard (ITU-T G.652) specified standard is the optical fiber of the present invention of benchmark.And in Fig. 7, curve G710 shows the wavelength dispersion characteristics of optical fiber of the present invention, and curve G720 shows the wavelength dispersion characteristics of the single-mode fiber of international standard (ITU-T G.652) specified standard.This optical fiber is the same with the single-mode fiber of standard, zero-dispersion wavelength near wavelength 1300nm, wavelength 1200nm～1700nm scope internal dispersion slope be on the occasion of.Yet,, little and chromatic dispersion gradient is also little for wavelength 1550nm wavelength dispersion as this optical fiber is compared with the single-mode fiber of standard.
That is, in optical fiber of the present invention, the chromatic dispersion gradient of wavelength 1550nm is smaller or equal to 0.055ps/nm
2/ km, the wavelength dispersion of wavelength 1550nm is more preferably smaller or equal to 15ps/nm/km smaller or equal to 16ps/nm/km.And in optical fiber of the present invention, the cable cutoff wavelength is smaller or equal to 1260nm, and the mode field diameter on wavelength 1310nm is smaller or equal to 9 μ m.
Perhaps, in optical fiber of the present invention, the mode field diameter of wavelength 1310nm is smaller or equal to 9 μ m, and the chromatic dispersion gradient of zero-dispersion wavelength is smaller or equal to 0.082ps/nm
2/ km is more preferably smaller or equal to 0.080ps/nm
2/ km.
By such optical fiber is used as optical transmission line, under the situation of the multiplexed signals light that transmits 1.55 mum wavelength bands, can carry out high-quality signal transmission.And the interchangeability of the single-mode fiber of this optical fiber and international standard (ITU-T G.652) specified standard is good.That is, with existing that single-mode fiber is the same as the situation of the optical communication system of optical transmission line, with optical fiber of the present invention as the design of the optical communication system of optical transmission line or be configured to possibility.And, also can make up the optical communication system that existing single-mode fiber and fiber mix of the present invention exist.
In addition, in optical fiber of the present invention, the loss of wavelength 1550nm is preferably smaller or equal to 0.176dB/km.This is owing to can make up cause with the optical transmission line of the flashlight of the long Distance Transmission 1.55 mum wavelength bands of non-relay mode.And the loss of optimal wavelength 1310nm is smaller or equal to 0.32dB/km, and the loss increment that is caused by the OH base of wavelength 1380nm is smaller or equal to 0.3dB/km.In this case, can make up not only the optical transmission line of flashlight that comprises the wide band of this 1.55 mum wavelength band with long Distance Transmission 1.55 mum wavelength bands of non-relay mode but also transmission.And, zero-dispersion wavelength more than or equal to 1300nm and situation smaller or equal to 1324nm under, can obtain good interchangeability with the single-mode fiber of international standard (ITU-T is G.652) specified standard.
Below, utilize Fig. 8～Figure 10 that the 2nd of optical fiber of the present invention～the 9th sample (sample B～I) is described.Fig. 8 is the table of all characteristics of the optical fiber of having summed up sample B～I and comparative example B respectively.Each optical fiber of sample B～I has cross-sectional configuration shown in Figure 1 and index distribution.That is, the core district is made of pure quartz glass, and covering is made of the quartz glass that adds fluorine.On the other hand, the optical fiber of comparative example B is the single-mode fiber according to international standard (ITU-T G.652), and the core district is by adding GeO
2Quartz glass constitute, covering is made of pure quartz glass.
In Fig. 8, each optical fiber for sample B～I and comparative example B, show refractive index contrast Δ n (%), core diameter 2a (μ m), cable cutoff wavelength (nm), the mode field diameter on the wavelength 1310nm (μ m), zero-dispersion wavelength (nm), the wavelength dispersion of wavelength 1550nm (ps/nm/km), the chromatic dispersion gradient (ps/nm of wavelength 1550nm
2/ km), zero-dispersion slop (ps/nm
2/ km), the loss of wavelength 1310nm (dB/km), the loss of wavelength 1380nm (dB/km), the loss increment (dB/km) that causes by the OH base of wavelength 1380nm, the loss of wavelength 1550nm (dB/km) and optical fiber structure.
Promptly, each optical fiber of sample B, refractive index contrast Δ n is 0.38%, core diameter 2a is 7.80 μ m, the cable cutoff wavelength is 1166nm, and the mode field diameter of wavelength 1310nm is 8.53 μ m, zero-dispersion wavelength 1318nm, the wavelength dispersion 14.97ps/nm/km of wavelength 1550nm, the chromatic dispersion gradient of wavelength 1550nm are 0.0540ps/nm
2/ km, zero-dispersion slop 0.0793ps/nm
2/ km.
The optical fiber of sample C, refractive index contrast Δ n is 0.395%, core diameter 2a is 8.16 μ m, the cable cutoff wavelength is 1230nm, the mode field diameter of wavelength 1310nm is 8.60 μ m, zero-dispersion wavelength 1313nm, the wavelength dispersion 15.46ps/nm/km of wavelength 1550nm, the chromatic dispersion gradient of wavelength 1550nm are 0.0544ps/nm
2/ km, zero-dispersion slop 0.0806ps/nm
2/ km.
The optical fiber of sample D, refractive index contrast Δ n is 0.39%, core diameter 2a is 8.02 μ m, the cable cutoff wavelength is 1200nm, the mode field diameter of wavelength 1310nm is 8.57 μ m, zero-dispersion wavelength 1313nm, the wavelength dispersion 15.39ps/nm/km of wavelength 1550nm, the chromatic dispersion gradient of wavelength 1550nm are 0.0537ps/nm
2/ km, zero-dispersion slop 0.0801ps/nm
2/ km.
The optical fiber of sample E, refractive index contrast Δ n is 0.395%, core diameter 2a is 7.56 μ m, the cable cutoff wavelength is 1135nm, the mode field diameter of wavelength 1310nm is 8.37 μ m, zero-dispersion wavelength 1318nm, the wavelength dispersion 14.86ps/nm/km of wavelength 1550nm, the chromatic dispersion gradient of wavelength 1550nm are 0.0531ps/nm
2/ km, zero-dispersion slop 0.0789ps/nm
2/ km.
The optical fiber of sample F, refractive index contrast Δ n is 0.42%, core diameter 2a is 7.6 μ m, the cable cutoff wavelength is 1260nm, the mode field diameter of wavelength 1310nm is 8.33 μ m, zero-dispersion wavelength 1307nm, the wavelength dispersion 15.75ps/nm/km of wavelength 1550nm, the chromatic dispersion gradient of wavelength 1550nm are 0.0536ps/nm
2/ km, zero-dispersion slop 0.0816ps/nm
2/ km.
The optical fiber of sample G, refractive index contrast Δ n is 0.385%, core diameter 2a is 8.14 μ m, the cable cutoff wavelength is 1184nm, the mode field diameter of wavelength 1310nm is 8.72 μ m, zero-dispersion wavelength 1312nm, the wavelength dispersion 15.90ps/nm/km of wavelength 1550nm, the chromatic dispersion gradient of wavelength 1550nm are 0.0547ps/nm
2/ km, zero-dispersion slop 0.0800ps/nm
2/ km.
The optical fiber of sample H, refractive index contrast Δ n is 0.38%, core diameter 2a is 8.52 μ m, the cable cutoff wavelength is 1226nm, the mode field diameter of wavelength 1310nm is 8.92 μ m, zero-dispersion wavelength 1304nm, the wavelength dispersion 16.66ps/nm/km of wavelength 1550nm, the chromatic dispersion gradient of wavelength 1550nm are 0.0548ps/nm
2/ km, zero-dispersion slop 0.0819ps/nm
2/ km.
The optical fiber of sample I, refractive index contrast Δ n is 0.36%, core diameter 2a is 8.10 μ m, the cable cutoff wavelength is 1133nm, the mode field diameter of wavelength 1310nm is 8.92 μ m, zero-dispersion wavelength 1317nm, the wavelength dispersion 15.39ps/nm/km of wavelength 1550nm, the chromatic dispersion gradient of wavelength 1550nm are 0.0544ps/nm
2/ km, zero-dispersion slop 0.0790ps/nm
2/ km.
And, arbitrary optical fiber of sample B～I, the loss of wavelength 1310nm is smaller or equal to 0.32dB/km, the loss of wavelength 1380nm is smaller or equal to 0.31dB/km, the loss increment that is caused by the OH base of wavelength 1380nm is smaller or equal to 0.10dB/km, and the loss of wavelength 1550nm is smaller or equal to 0.176dB/km.And arbitrary optical fiber all has the core district of pure quartz and adds the covering of F.
On the other hand, the optical fiber of comparative example B, the cable cutoff wavelength is 1158nm, the mode field diameter of wavelength 1310nm is 9.13 μ m, zero-dispersion wavelength is 1316nm, and the wavelength dispersion of wavelength 1550nm is 16.50ps/nm/km, and the chromatic dispersion gradient of wavelength 1550nm is 0.0584ps/nm
2/ km, zero-dispersion slop are 0.0850ps/nm
2/ km.And the loss of wavelength 1310nm is 0.33dB/km, and the loss of wavelength 1380nm is 0.62dB/km, and the loss increment that is caused by the OH base of wavelength 1380nm is 0.31dB/km, and the loss of wavelength 1550nm is 0.19dB/km.The optical fiber of this comparative example B has the core district of interpolation Ge and the covering of pure quartz.
Fig. 9 for be transverse axis at mode field diameter MFD with wavelength 1310nm, with cable cutoff wavelength λ
CcOn 2 dimension spaces for the longitudinal axis, show (MFD, the λ of the optical fiber separately of sample B～F and comparative example B
Cc) curve map of equiwavelength's dispersion curve of position and wavelength 1550nm.And, on this Fig. 9, mark ▲ B～▲ F represents (MFD, the λ of the optical fiber of sample B～F
Cc), mark Δ B represents (MFD, the λ of the optical fiber of comparative example B
Cc).And, curve G910 represents the equiwavelength dispersion curve of wavelength dispersion smaller or equal to the single-mode fiber of the standard of 17ps/nm/km, curve G920 represents the equiwavelength dispersion curve of wavelength dispersion smaller or equal to the single-mode fiber of the standard of 16ps/nm/km, and curve G930 represents the equiwavelength dispersion curve of wavelength dispersion smaller or equal to the single-mode fiber of the standard of 15ps/nm/km.On the other hand, curve G940 represents the equiwavelength dispersion curve of wavelength dispersion smaller or equal to the optical fiber with pure quartz core district of 16ps/nm/km, and curve G950 represents the equiwavelength dispersion curve of wavelength dispersion smaller or equal to the optical fiber with pure quartz core district of 16ps/nm/km.
According to this Fig. 9 as can be known, compare, even if the optical fiber MFD and the λ of each sample with each optical fiber of comparative example B
CcIdentical, wavelength dispersion is also little.
Figure 10 for be transverse axis at mode field diameter MFD with wavelength 1310nm, with cable cutoff wavelength λ
CcOn 2 dimension spaces for the longitudinal axis, show (MFD, the λ of the optical fiber separately of sample B～F and comparative example B
Cc) on position and the wavelength 1550nm etc. the curve map of chromatic dispersion slope curve.And, in this Figure 10, mark ▲ B～▲ F represents (MFD, the λ of the optical fiber of sample B～F
Cc), mark Δ B represents (MFD, the λ of the optical fiber of comparative example B
Cc).And curve 1010 is that chromatic dispersion gradient is smaller or equal to 0.055ps/nm
2The slope curve such as chromatic dispersion such as grade of the single-mode fiber of the standard of/km, curve 1020 is that chromatic dispersion gradient is smaller or equal to 0.059ps/nm
2The slope curve such as chromatic dispersion such as grade of the single-mode fiber of the standard of/km.On the other hand, curve 1030 expression chromatic dispersion gradients are smaller or equal to 0.055ps/nm
2The slope curve such as chromatic dispersion such as grade of the optical fiber with pure quartz core district of the standard of/km.By this Figure 10 as can be known, compare, even if the optical fiber MFD and the λ of each sample with the optical fiber of comparative example B
CcIdentical, chromatic dispersion gradient is also little.
As mentioned above, the mode field diameter MFD of wavelength 1310nm is smaller or equal to the optical fiber as described above of the present invention of 9 μ m and interpolation GeO according to international standard (ITU-T G.652)
2Quartzy type optical fiber compare, even if cable cutoff wavelength λ
CcIdentical with the mode field diameter MFD of wavelength 1310nm, the wavelength dispersion of wavelength 1550nm and the chromatic dispersion gradient of wavelength 1550nm are also little.
Optical fiber of the present invention is as the transmission medium of the wdm optical communication system of the flashlight that can transmit a plurality of channels, not only applicable to 1.3 mum wavelength bands but also applicable to 1.55 mum wavelength bands.
Claims (18)
1. optical fiber has along core district that predetermined shaft extends and is arranged on covering on the periphery in this core district, and is principal ingredient with the quartz glass and follows international standard ITU-TG.652, it is characterized in that having:
Smaller or equal to the cable cutoff wavelength of 1260nm,
For wavelength 1310nm, smaller or equal to the loss of 0.32dB/km, and
For wavelength 1380nm, smaller or equal to the loss increment that causes by the OH base of 0.3dB/km,
In above-mentioned covering, be added with fluorine.
2. optical fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Loss under the wavelength 1310nm is smaller or equal to 0.30dB/km.
3. optical fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Loss under the wavelength 1380nm is littler than the loss under the wavelength 1310nm.
4. optical fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Loss under the wavelength 1310nm deducts loss institute value under the wavelength 1550nm smaller or equal to 0.13dB/km.
5. optical fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Further have more than or equal to 1300nm and smaller or equal to the zero-dispersion wavelength of 1324nm.
6. optical fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Further, have smaller or equal to 0.5ps/km for wavelength 1550nm
1/2Polarization mode dispersion.
7. optical fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Further, have smaller or equal to the bending loss under the bending diameter 20mm of 3dB/m for wavelength 1550nm.
8. optical fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Further, for wavelength 1550nm have smaller or equal to the Peter of 10.0 μ m graceful-the I mode field diameter.
9. optical fiber has along core district that predetermined shaft extends and is arranged on covering on the periphery in this core district, and is principal ingredient with the quartz glass and follows international standard ITU-TG.652, it is characterized in that having:
Smaller or equal to the cable cutoff wavelength of 1260nm,
For wavelength 1310nm, smaller or equal to the mode field diameter of 9 μ m, and
For wavelength 1550nm, smaller or equal to 0.055ps/nm
2The chromatic dispersion gradient of/km,
In above-mentioned covering, be added with fluorine.
10. optical fiber according to claim 9 is characterized in that:
Further, has wavelength dispersion for wavelength 1550nm smaller or equal to 16ps/nm/km.
11. optical fiber according to claim 10 is characterized in that:
Wavelength dispersion under the above-mentioned wavelength 1550nm is smaller or equal to 15ps/nm/km.
12. an optical fiber has along core district that predetermined shaft extends and is arranged on covering on the periphery in this core district, and is principal ingredient with the quartz glass and follows international standard ITU-TG.652, it is characterized in that having:
For wavelength 1310nm, smaller or equal to the mode field diameter of 9 μ m, and
For zero-dispersion wavelength, smaller or equal to 0.082ps/nm
2The chromatic dispersion gradient of/km,
In above-mentioned covering, be added with fluorine.
13. optical fiber according to claim 12 is characterized in that:
Chromatic dispersion gradient under the above-mentioned zero-dispersion wavelength is smaller or equal to 0.080ps/nm
2/ km.
14., it is characterized in that according to claim 9 or 12 described optical fiber:
Further, has loss for wavelength 1550nm smaller or equal to 0.176dB/km.
15., it is characterized in that according to claim 9 or 12 described optical fiber:
Further, have loss, have the loss increment that causes by the OH base for wavelength 1380nm simultaneously smaller or equal to 0.3dB/km smaller or equal to 0.32dB/km for wavelength 1310nm.
16., it is characterized in that according to claim 9 or 12 described optical fiber:
Further, have more than or equal to 1300nm and smaller or equal to the zero-dispersion wavelength of 1324nm.
17., it is characterized in that according to each described optical fiber in the claim 1,9,12:
GeO is not contained in above-mentioned core district
2
18., it is characterized in that according to each described optical fiber in the claim 1,9,12:
Above-mentioned core district has more than or equal to 7.5 μ m and smaller or equal to the external diameter of 8.6 μ m, and the refractive index contrast of the above-mentioned relatively covering in above-mentioned core district is more than or equal to 0.36% and smaller or equal to 0.42% simultaneously.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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| CN107450124B (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2020-10-09 | 天津大学 | Broadband dispersion control optical fiber and dispersion control method thereof |
| EP3324169A1 (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-05-23 | Xieon Networks S.à r.l. | Detection of gainers and exaggerated losses in unidirectional otdr traces |
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| JPH11326670A (en) * | 1998-03-19 | 1999-11-26 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Pure quartz-glass core optical fiber and optical fiber transmission line |
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| JP2003084163A (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2003-03-19 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Optical fiber, optical transmission line, and optical communication system |
| JP2003279780A (en) * | 2002-01-15 | 2003-10-02 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Optical fiber, optical fiber tape, optical cable and connector with optical fiber |
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| US6205268B1 (en) * | 1993-05-28 | 2001-03-20 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Arrangement of optical fiber segments for minimizing effect of nonlinearities |
| KR20010053394A (en) * | 1998-07-07 | 2001-06-25 | 오카야마 노리오 | Optical fiber |
| US6301426B1 (en) * | 1999-03-16 | 2001-10-09 | Molecular Optoelectronics Corporation | Mechanically adjustable fiber optic attenuator and method employing same |
| CA2355823A1 (en) * | 2000-08-28 | 2002-02-28 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Optical fiber and method of making the same |
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| JPH01224706A (en) * | 1988-03-04 | 1989-09-07 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Optical fiber |
| JPH11326670A (en) * | 1998-03-19 | 1999-11-26 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Pure quartz-glass core optical fiber and optical fiber transmission line |
| US6266467B1 (en) * | 1998-11-26 | 2001-07-24 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Optical fiber and optical transmission system including the same |
| WO2001027667A2 (en) * | 1999-10-12 | 2001-04-19 | Corning Incorporated | Higher wavelength optimized optical fiber waveguide |
| JP2003084163A (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2003-03-19 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Optical fiber, optical transmission line, and optical communication system |
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| CN1829927A (en) | 2006-09-06 |
| CN1829928A (en) | 2006-09-06 |
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