CN100337107C - Testing method of polyphase coupling creep of fragmented rock body and equipment thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The broken rock mass multiphase coupled creep test method and device thereof of the present invention are most suitable for compression creep, solid-liquid coupling and solid-gas coupled penetration tests of broken rock mass. A multi-stage lever force transmission device, a loading device connected to the lever force transmission device, and a compression creep device located below the loading device are used to make the beam swing up and down around the hinge of the frame through lever loading, and then adjust the screw and force sensor , spherical joint indenter, and permeation meter apply the load transmitted by the lever system to the sample, and perform creep tests on the sample loaded in the high and low temperature environmental test chamber. The multi-phase coupling creep test method of broken rock mass and its device are loaded stably, which can meet the stroke and accuracy requirements of related tests. One machine is multi-purpose, with simple structure, small size and low price; high precision, convenient maintenance, and low test operation cost. Low cost, good economic benefits, and wide practicability.

Description

Multiphase coupled creep test method and device for broken rock mass

Technical field

The invention relates to a broken rock mass multiphase coupled creep test method and a device thereof, and is especially suitable for compression creep, solid-liquid coupling and solid-gas coupled penetration tests of broken rock mass.

Background technique

The rock subsidence caused by mining has seriously changed the engineering geological properties of the overlying rock, forming the condition of mining collapse and fractured rock mass; even after a long period of natural compaction after the end of mining, the surface subsidence process has basically stopped, and the underground residual cavity caused by mining Phenomena (problems) such as delamination, cracks, and under-compacted rock masses in gobs, and saturated water in voids still exist. Under the effects of various internal and external factors, such as ground stress, groundwater, and ground building loads, the relative balance The state will be broken again and cause a security incident. In many old mining areas, there have been property losses and personal casualties caused by the collapse of the old goaf. In 2003, the Xuzhou Zhangshuanglou mine flooded the working face due to water infiltration in the goaf, and in 2004, the Daping Coal Mine in Henan. Major accidents such as gas explosions are directly related to the creep properties of the broken rock mass in the goaf. Therefore, it is of great practical significance and practical value to study the creep characteristics of broken rock mass. Under the action of constant load, in addition to the instantaneous strain, the material also has continuous slow deformation, and this slow deformation is related to the temperature of the material. This phenomenon is called creep. During the creep process, whether the testing machine can ensure high loading accuracy and consider the ambient temperature is the key to the success of the creep test. Creep tests generally require a long time. For broken rock masses, it can take as short as ten days or as long as half a year or even decades. Therefore, it is very important to ensure stable and reliable loading and minimize test costs during the test. .

Contents of Invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-phase coupled creep test method and device for broken rock mass. The method is simple, easy to operate, stable in loading, high in precision, easy to maintain, low in test operation cost, good in economic benefits, and capable of Experiments on compression creep, solid-liquid coupling and solid-gas coupling penetration of broken rock mass.

The multi-phase coupled creep test method for broken rock mass of the present invention adopts a test system consisting of a multi-stage lever force transmission device, a loading device and a compression creep device, through a signal collector and weights arranged on the multi-stage lever force transmission device Suspension device, carry out creep test to broken rock mass, its test method step is as follows:

(1) Hang the weight of the required weight on the weight suspension device, the multi-stage lever power transmission device starts to move the loading device downward, and load the broken rock mass in the compression creep device, at this time , through the value output by the force sensor signal, adjust the position of the weight to achieve the required load;

(2) Record the initial value of the displacement sensor and the initial value of the rosette;

(3) Adjust the loading device so that the vertical displacement adjustment screw in the loading device and the loading rod in the multi-stage lever power transmission device are always kept in a horizontal position;

(4) Set the temperature of the temperature environment box to simulate the actual situation of the broken rock mass on site, and ventilate or pass water from the air inlet at the bottom of the permeameter cylinder to collect signals under different conditions;

(5) According to the deformation characteristics of the broken rock mass, set the collector to collect signals regularly or periodically.

The device of the broken rock multiphase coupling creep test method of the present invention is composed of a multi-stage lever force transmission device, a loading device connected to the lever force transmission device, and a compression creep device arranged below the loading device. The force transmission device consists of a frame, a force lever arranged in parallel on the frame at intervals, multiple rows of force transmission levers, a last row of loading levers and a two-force rod connecting each row of levers as a whole. On the base, the bracket is provided with a regulator that can adjust the horizontal position; the loading device is composed of a vertical displacement adjustment screw, a vertical displacement adjustment rod that is threaded together with the vertical displacement adjustment screw, and a ball hinge on the top of the vertical displacement adjustment rod. It is connected with the multi-stage lever force transmission device and vertically downward, and is set in the middle of the bracket; the compression creep device is set on the base in the bracket, which consists of a temperature environment box and a permeameter cylinder set in the temperature environment box body, the osmometer piston located in the osmometer cylinder, the osmometer piston is provided with a spherical hinge base, the outer surface of the osmometer piston (17) is provided with a sealing ring, and the middle part is provided with a gas or liquid outlet Connected conduits. The booster lever is provided with a suspension device consisting of a spiral sleeve, a hook and a weight, and a fixed hinge support capable of swinging the lever is provided between each row of levers and the frame. A hinge pin is provided at the joint of the rod; a force sensor and an adjusting nut are provided on the vertical displacement adjustment rod; the adjustment range of the vertical displacement adjustment rod connected between the vertical displacement adjustment screw rod and the screw thread is 0-20cm; A row of loading levers and a vertical displacement adjusting screw are fixed together; a plurality of strain rosettes are arranged on the outer circumference of the lower part of the cylinder body of the permeameter, and a lower perforated plate is arranged on the bottom of the cylinder body of the permeameter, and a lower perforated plate is provided with the lower perforated plate The upper porous plate corresponding to the upper porous plate is arranged above the broken rock mass separated by the lower porous plate; the cylinder body of the permeameter is equipped with a displacement sensor and a temperature control sensor; the spherical hinge The pressure head coincides with the ball hinge base.

The multi-phase coupling creep test method and device of the broken rock mass of the present invention is a multi-functional test instrument suitable for testing the creep performance of materials, and is most suitable for compression creep, solid-liquid coupling and solid-liquid coupling of broken rock mass. Gas-coupled permeation test. According to the characteristics of the creep test of the broken rock mass, considering that the broken rock mass is mainly in the state of compression, the creep test under the state of compression is carried out. Through the multi-stage lever power transmission device, the loading device connected to the lever force transmission device and the compression creep device under the loading device, the test piston with the sample in the high and low temperature environmental test chamber is loaded and the creep is performed. change test. A lever is arranged on the frame of the multi-stage lever force transmission device, and the lever is connected to the hinge point of the frame. The loading beam of the lever can swing up and down around the hinge of the frame. Change the leverage transmission ratio in a small range. In order to overcome the shortcoming of the small lever stroke, an adjusting screw with a large adjustment range is installed above the indenter, which can meet the stroke and accuracy requirements of the relevant tests. The load transmitted by the lever system is applied to the sample by adjusting the screw, the force sensor, the spherical joint indenter, and the permeation meter. The multi-phase coupling creep test method of broken rock mass and its device have stable loading, wide test range, and many functions and uses, which will play a positive role in further exploring the law of water inrush and gas outburst in coal mines. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, multi-purpose, small volume, low price, high precision, convenient maintenance, low test operation cost, good economic benefit and wide practicability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the structure of the present invention.

Detailed ways

An embodiment of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

The multi-phase coupled creep test method of broken rock mass in the present invention adopts a test system combining a multi-stage lever force transmission device, a loading device and a compression creep device, and uses a collector produced by Chongqing University to cooperate with a virtual signal theory system for signal analysis. Through the signal collector and the position of the adjustment weight, the load creep test is carried out on the broken rock mass. The ratio of load transmission is related to the set number of lever series or rows. The more series, the greater the transmission ratio. After loading, pass The signal output value of the force sensor 20, adjust the weight to achieve the required load; record the initial value of the displacement sensor 10 and the initial value of the rosette 29; when the lever is deflected, adjust the lever to a horizontal position through the vertical displacement adjustment lever; simulate the scene According to the actual situation of the broken rock mass 27, signals under different conditions are collected by adjusting temperature, ventilation or water flow; according to the deformation characteristics of the broken rock mass, timing collection is set in the collector, and the relevant signals are automatically collected by the collector.

The device used in the multi-phase coupled creep test method for broken rock mass of the present invention is mainly composed of three major parts: a multi-stage lever force transmission device, a loading device and a compression creep device. The multi-stage lever force transmission device consists of a frame 3, a force lever 1 arranged in parallel on the frame 3 at intervals, four rows of force transmission levers 7, a last row of loading levers 8, and a second force lever 6 connecting each row of levers as a whole. Composition, the frame 3 adopts the combination of bolt connection and steel plate welding, a fixed hinge support 4 that can make the lever swing up and down is provided between each row of levers and the frame 3, and each row of levers and the second force rod 6 The joints of each are provided with hinged pins 5, and the levers at all levels are connected by the pins 5 and the two force rods 6. One end of the booster lever 1 is provided with a weight 2 for micro-adjusting the load. By adjusting the position of the weight 2, the load transmitted by the lever can be changed within a small range. The frame 3 of the multistage lever force transmission device is fixed on the support by connecting bolts 23, and the support is fixed on the base 14, and the support is provided with a regulator 9 for adjusting the horizontal position. The loading device consists of a vertical displacement adjustment screw rod 22, a vertical displacement adjustment rod 21 threaded together with the vertical displacement adjustment screw rod 22, a spherical hinge pressure head 19 arranged on the top of the adjustment rod 21, and is located in the middle of the support. The vertical displacement adjusting rod 21 is provided with a force sensor 20 and adjusting nuts arranged at both ends of the sensor 20, and a groove is opened horizontally and radially on the top of the vertical displacement adjusting screw rod 22, and the loading lever 8 in the multi-stage lever force transmission device is inserted into this In the groove, they are fixed together by screws. The compression creep device is provided on the base 14 inside the bracket. The compression creep device is mainly composed of a temperature environment box 11, an osmometer cylinder 12, an upper perforated plate 13, a lower perforated plate 15, and an osmometer piston 17. The osmometer cylinder 12 is located in the temperature environment box 11, and the osmometer piston 17 Set in the cylinder body 12 of the permeation instrument, the outer surface of the piston 17 of the permeation instrument is provided with a sealing ring 16 and a conduit. A ball joint base 18 is housed on the permeameter piston 17, and the ball joint pressure head 19 coincides with the ball joint base 18. The lower perforated plate 15 is arranged at the bottom of the cylinder body 12 of the permeameter, the lower perforated plate 15 is provided with an air inlet 28, and the upper perforated plate 13 is arranged above the material 27 separated from the lower perforated plate 15, and is close to the piston 17 of the permeameter. On the lower end surface, a displacement sensor 10 is arranged on the cylinder body 12 of the permeation meter. In addition, considering that the deformation of the permeameter cylinder 12 may have a certain impact on the test results, eight strain rosettes are arranged in the middle and lower positions of the permeameter cylinder 12 along the ring direction. Use data processing software to automatically collect test data, save it in a round, and output the required curves and other relevant information to the computer screen.

Working principle: The loading of the creep test is loaded to the booster lever 1 through the weight 2, and then the booster lever 1 passes through the fixed hinge support 4, the pin 5, the second force rod 6, the transmission lever 7, the loading lever 8, and the loading lever 1. The point 24 is transmitted to the vertical displacement adjustment rod 21 and the adjustment screw rod 22, and then loads the creep sample through the force sensor 20, the ball joint pressure head 19, the ball joint base 18 and the osmometer piston 17. A temperature environment box 11 with adjustable temperature and temperature sensor is placed on the base 14, and the temperature control accuracy is ±0.5°C. In order to overcome the shortcoming of the small lever stroke, a vertical displacement adjustment screw 21 and a vertical displacement adjustment screw 22 with an adjustment range of 0-20 mm are provided, which can meet the stroke and accuracy requirements of related tests. Considering that the position of the creep sample is not necessarily in the center, a horizontal position regulator 9 is installed between the frame 3 and the base 14, and adjusting bolts are provided at the four corners of the base to form a self-balancing frame and reduce the impact on the installation platform. Requirements, making the installation and commissioning operation simple, and easy to meet the relevant requirements. A force sensor 20 is installed between the spherical hinge base 18, the spherical hinge indenter 19, the vertical displacement adjustment screw 21 and the vertical displacement adjustment screw 22, and the displacement sensor 20 can specifically determine the installation position according to the sample position. In addition, the multi-stage adjustable lever transmission system has a wide range of load transmission ratio, which can realize the creep test of materials under different loads.

Claims (9)

1, testing method of polyphase coupling creep of fragmented rock body, it is characterized in that: the pilot system that adopts multi-grade lever load transfer device, charger and compressive creep device combination, by signal picker and the counterweight suspender (2) that is located on the multi-grade lever load transfer device, fragmented rock body is carried out creep test, and its test method step is as follows:

(1) counterweight with required weight hangs on the counterweight suspender (2), the multi-grade lever load transfer device begins action moves down charger, the fragmented rock body (27) that is located in the compressive creep device is loaded, at this moment, by the value of force transducer (20) signal output, regulate the counterweight position to reach required load;

(2) initial value of the initial value of recorded bit displacement sensor (10) and strain rosette (29);

(3) regulate charger, make the perpendicular displacement adjusting screw(rod) (22) in the charger remain at horizontal level with load bar (8) in the multi-grade lever load transfer device;

(4) situation of the on-the-spot actual fragmented rock body of the temperature simulation of design temperature environmental cabinet (11) (27), and the air intake opening (28) bottom permeameter cylinder body (12) is ventilated or water flowing the signal under the collection different condition;

(5), set collector timing or regular acquired signal according to the deformation characteristics of fragmented rock body.

2, the multiphase coupled creep test device of fragmented rock body, it is characterized in that: it is made of multi-grade lever load transfer device, the charger that links to each other with bar thick stick load transfer device and the compressive creep device that is located at charger below, the multi-grade lever load transfer device is by frame (3), spaced and parallel is arranged on the afterburning lever (1) on the frame (3), two power bars (6) formation of arranging force transferring lever (7), end row's loading lever (8) more and each row's lever being connected as a single entity, be located on the support of base (14), support is provided with the regulator (9) of scalable horizontal level; Charger is threaded to the perpendicular displacement adjuster bar (21) of one by perpendicular displacement adjusting screw(rod) (22), with perpendicular displacement adjusting screw(rod) (22) and is located at ball pivot pressure head (19) formation at perpendicular displacement adjuster bar (21) top, link to each other vertically downward with the multi-grade lever load transfer device, be located at the middle part in the support; Compressive creep device is located on the interior base (14) of support, it by temperature environment case (11), be located at the permeameter cylinder body (12) in the temperature environment case (11), the permeameter piston (17) that is located in the permeameter cylinder body (12) constitutes, permeameter piston (17) is provided with ball pivot base (18), described permeameter piston (17) periphery is provided with O-ring seal (16), and the middle part is provided with the conduit (26) that communicates with gas or liquid outlet (25).

3, according to the multiphase coupled creep test device of right 2 described fragmented rock bodies, it is characterized in that: described afterburning lever (1) is provided with the suspender of being made up of screw-casing, hook and counterweight (2), be equipped with a fixed-hinged support (4) that can make lever swing between every row's lever and the frame (3), each junction of arranging lever and two power bars (6) is provided with hinge pin (5).

4, according to the multiphase coupled creep test device of right 2 described fragmented rock bodies, it is characterized in that: described perpendicular displacement adjuster bar (21) is provided with force transducer (20) and setting nut.

5, according to right 2 or the multiphase coupled creep test device of 4 described fragmented rock bodies, it is characterized in that: described perpendicular displacement adjusting screw(rod) (22) and perpendicular displacement adjuster bar (21) range of adjustment that is threaded are at 0～20cm.

6, according to the multiphase coupled creep test device of right 2 described fragmented rock bodies, it is characterized in that: described end row loads lever (8) and is fixed together with perpendicular displacement adjusting screw(rod) (22).

7, according to the multiphase coupled creep test device of right 2 described fragmented rock bodies, it is characterized in that: the lower, outer perimeter circle of described permeameter cylinder body (12) is provided with a plurality of strain rosettes (29), permeameter cylinder body (12) inner bottom part is provided with down porous plate (15), and being provided with air inlet or the inlet (28) that communicates with following porous plate (15), following porous plate (15) top of fragmented rock body (27) at interval is provided with go up porous plate (13) corresponding with it.

8, according to right 2 or the multiphase coupled creep test device of 7 described fragmented rock bodies, it is characterized in that: described permeameter cylinder body (12) is provided with displacement transducer (10) and temperature control sensor.

9, according to the multiphase coupled creep test device of right 2 described fragmented rock bodies, it is characterized in that: described ball pivot pressure head (19) matches with ball pivot base (18).

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