CN109959595A - Method and device for testing permeability in hydraulic sand fracturing process of tight reservoir - Google Patents
Method and device for testing permeability in hydraulic sand fracturing process of tight reservoir Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 378
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002595 magnetic resonance imaging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 11
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- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for testing permeability in a hydraulic sand fracturing process of a compact reservoir, wherein the method for testing the permeability in the hydraulic sand fracturing process of the compact reservoir comprises the steps of fixing a test piece to be tested of saturated fracturing fluid in a pressure container, and applying corresponding initial confining pressure, initial axial pressure, initial temperature and initial pore pressure to the test piece to be tested according to the pressure and the temperature of the compact reservoir under the stratum condition so as to simulate the stratum state of the test piece to be tested; obtaining a relation curve of the permeability of the test piece to be tested before fracture and the effective stress through fitting, calculating to obtain a change multiple of the permeability of the test piece to be tested after hydraulic sand fracturing, and determining a change rule of the permeability in the hydraulic sand fracturing process of the compact reservoir by using the relation curve and the change multiple, so as to provide a theoretical basis for reasonable and efficient development of the compact reservoir.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to reservoir assessment technology field, in particular to permeated during a kind of compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing
The test method and device of rate.
Background technique
Since compact reservoir has the characteristics that porosity is low, permeability is low, thus exploitation difficulty is big, and oil and gas production is low.It is right
In the exploitation of compact reservoir, the mode that can use waterpower sand fracturing is transformed reservoir, to increase reservoir permeability, mentions
High oil gas well production.And permeability is joined needed for oil-gas reservoir evaluating reservoir, AOF calculation and formulation reasonable development scheme
Number.Therefore, it is determined by the variation of permeability during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing, can be the conjunction of compact reservoir
It manages Efficient Development and theoretical foundation is provided.
Currently, compact reservoir hydraulic fracturing determines under the conditions of the test method of permeability is typically based on three axis before hydraulic fracturing
Reservoir core permeability test experiments afterwards, to realize to the infiltration before and after reservoir permeating medium hydraulic fracturing under condition of triaxial stress
Rate is measured.
In the implementation of the present invention, the inventors discovered that in the prior art the prior art has at least the following problems:
Since existing test method is only able to achieve the test of hydraulic fracturing front and back reservoir core permeability under the conditions of three axis, no
It is not only to be directed to the research of compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing progress, and waterpower sand fracturing under non-simulation stratum condition
Journey is unable to get the variation of permeability during waterpower sand fracturing.
Summary of the invention
In consideration of it, the present invention provides the test method and dress of permeability during a kind of compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing
It sets, is the reasonable Efficient Development of compact reservoir to determine the changing rule of permeability during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing
Theoretical foundation is provided.
Specifically, including technical solution below:
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of test method of permeability during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing, bases
The test device of permeability during above-mentioned compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing, which comprises
The test specimen to be tested for being saturated fracturing fluid is fixed in pressure vessel；
According to the pressure and temperature of compact reservoir under formation conditions, applied by confining pressure booster to the test specimen to be tested
Add initial confining pressure, axial actuator to apply primitive axis pressure, temperature-controlling module to the test specimen to be tested to be measured to have a try to described
Part applies initial temperature, hole pressure booster and applies Initial Excess Pore Water Pressure to the test specimen to be tested；
Apply multiple variable pore pressures, and adjacent two to the upper end of the test specimen to be tested by the hole pressure booster
Difference between the variable pore pressure is identical, described to be tested when obtaining applying each variable pore pressure using pulse tester
The application duration and each application duration of poor, each variable pore pressure of initial pressure between the top and bottom of test specimen
End pressure difference between the top and bottom of the test specimen to be tested afterwards；
Initial pressure when according to each variable pore pressure of the application between the top and bottom of the test specimen to be tested
The top and bottom of the test specimen to be tested after the application duration of poor, each variable pore pressure of power and each application duration
Between end pressure difference, multiple first permeabilities before obtaining the original permeability of the test specimen to be tested and not rupturing；
Multiple first permeabilities, initial confining pressure and multiple variable pore pressures before not ruptured according to the test specimen to be tested are intended
Conjunction obtains the relation curve of the permeability before the test specimen to be tested does not rupture and effective stress；
When the test specimen to be tested rupture after, close the pulse tester, by the hole pressure booster to it is described to
The upper end of test test specimen applies the first preset pressure plus sand component and adds sand, fracturing fluid injection to the upper end of the test specimen to be tested
Component measures component to the upper end of the test specimen to be tested injection fracturing fluid, flow and applies the to the lower end of the test specimen to be tested
Two preset pressures, and acquisition is applied with the flow of seepage stability after second preset pressure；
According to the flow, first preset pressure and second preset pressure, it is broken to obtain the test specimen to be tested
The second permeability after splitting；
According to the second permeability after the original permeability of the test specimen to be tested and the test specimen rupture to be tested, obtain
The variation multiple of permeability after the test specimen waterpower sand fracturing to be tested.
Selectively, it is described the test specimen to be tested of saturated water is fixed in pressure vessel before, the method also includes:
Obtain the length of the test specimen to be tested and the diameter of cross section.
Selectively, after the diameter of the length for obtaining the test specimen to be tested and cross section, the method is also wrapped
It includes: being taken pictures to the test specimen to be tested or Magnetic resonance imaging, obtain the natural microcrack situation of the test specimen to be tested.
Selectively, described to be taken pictures after the test specimen to be tested drying or Magnetic resonance imaging, obtain it is described to
It tests after the natural microcrack situation of test specimen, the method also includes: after being vacuumized to the test specimen to be tested described in saturation
Fracturing fluid, and continue to vacuumize.
Selectively, the original permeability of the test specimen to be tested and multiple first permeabilities before not rupturing are according to following
Calculation formula obtains:
In formula: k is the original permeability or the first permeability, and unit is × 10-3μm2；μ is the viscosity of the fracturing fluid
Coefficient, unit Pasec；β is the compressed coefficient of the fracturing fluid, unit Pa-1；V is the volume of the pressure vessel, single
Position is cm3；ΔpiInitial pressure when to apply each variable pore pressure between the top and bottom of the test specimen to be tested
Difference, unit kPa；Δ t is the application duration of each variable pore pressure, unit sec；ΔpfFor each application duration
End pressure difference between the top and bottom of the test specimen to be tested afterwards, unit kPa；AsFor the cross of the test specimen to be tested
Sectional area, cm2；LsFor the length of the test specimen to be tested, cm.
Selectively, the effective stress is the difference of the initial confining pressure and the variable pore pressure.
Selectively, second permeability is obtained according to following calculation formula:
In formula, k is second permeability, unit D；μ is the viscosity coefficient of the fracturing fluid, unit Pasec；
Q is the flow, unit m3/s；A is the cross-sectional area of the test specimen to be tested, m2；Δ p be first preset pressure with
Difference between second preset pressure, unit Pa；L is the length of the test specimen to be tested, unit m.
Selectively, the value range of the difference between first preset pressure and second preset pressure is 0-
0.7MPa。
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of test dresses of permeability during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing
It sets, described device includes: pressure vessel, confining pressure booster, axial actuator, temperature-controlling module, hole pressure booster, pulse survey
Examination instrument plus sand component, fracturing fluid fill assembly and flow measure component, wherein
The axial direction actuator, the temperature-controlling module and test specimen to be tested are arranged in the pressure vessel, described
The upper end of the test specimen to be tested is arranged in axial actuator, and the outer of the test specimen to be tested is arranged in the temperature-controlling module
On wall；
Cavity between the confining pressure booster and the inner wall of the pressure vessel and the test specimen to be tested is connected to, described
Hole pressure booster is connected with the pulse tester, pulse tester top and bottom with the test specimen to be tested respectively
It is respectively connected with；
Described plus sand component is connected with the fracturing fluid fill assembly, and the fracturing fluid fill assembly to be measured is had a try with described
The upper end of part is connected；
The flow measures component and is connected with the lower end of the test specimen to be tested.
Selectively, described device further include: deformeter and data collector；
The deformeter is arranged on the test specimen to be tested；
The data collector is connected with the deformeter, the pulse tester signal.
The beneficial effect of technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes at least:
1, by the way that the test specimen to be tested for being saturated fracturing fluid to be fixed in pressure vessel, according to compact reservoir in formation condition
Under pressure and temperature, corresponding initial confining pressure, primitive axis pressure, initial temperature and Initial Excess Pore Water Pressure are applied to test specimen to be tested, made
Obtain the simulation that test specimen to be tested realizes formation conditions；
2, before test specimen to be measured does not rupture, by applying multiple variable pore pressures in the upper end of test specimen to be tested, pulse is utilized
Tester obtains applying that initial pressure when each variable pore pressure between the top and bottom of test specimen to be tested is poor, each variable orifice
The application duration of pressure and each end pressure difference applied after duration between the top and bottom of test specimen to be tested, and then be fitted
The relation curve of permeability and effective stress before not ruptured to test specimen to be tested；
3, after test specimen to be tested ruptures, the first preset pressure is applied by the upper end to test specimen to be tested, flow measures
Component changes the second preset pressure of test specimen lower end to be tested, using adding sand component and fracturing fluid fill assembly to simulate sand fracturing
Process, flow measure the flow that component acquisition is applied with seepage stability after the second preset pressure, after obtaining test specimen rupture to be tested
The second permeability, and then obtain the variation multiple of permeability after test specimen waterpower sand fracturing to be tested；
4, after the relation curve of permeability and effective stress before not ruptured according to test specimen to be tested and waterpower sand fracturing
The variation multiple of permeability determines the changing rule of permeability during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing, is compact reservoir
Reasonable Efficient Development provides theoretical foundation.
Detailed description of the invention
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is that the structure of permeability test device during a kind of compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing provided by the invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is the method for the test method of permeability during a kind of compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing provided by the invention
Flow chart；
Fig. 3 is the test side using permeability during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing that the embodiment of the present invention one provides
The test specimen to be tested that method obtains do not rupture before permeability and effective stress relation curve；
Fig. 4 is the test side of permeability during the waterpower sand fracturing provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention using compact reservoir
The test specimen to be tested that method obtains do not rupture before permeability and effective stress relation curve；
Fig. 5 is the test side using permeability during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing that the embodiment of the present invention three provides
The test specimen to be tested that method obtains do not rupture before permeability and effective stress relation curve；
Fig. 6 is the test side using permeability during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing that the embodiment of the present invention four provides
The test specimen to be tested that method obtains do not rupture before permeability and effective stress relation curve.
Appended drawing reference in figure respectively indicates are as follows:
1- pressure vessel, the first pressure head of 101-, 102- the first pressure pad piece, 103- the second pressure pad piece, the second pressure head of 104-,
105- pedestal,
2- confining pressure booster,
3- axial direction actuator,
4- temperature-controlling module,
The hole 5- pressure booster,
6- pulse tester,
7- adds sand component, 701- sediment transport tank, the second valve of 702-,
8- fracturing fluid fill assembly, 801- fluid reservoir, the first valve of 802-, the 803- pump housing,
9- flow measures component, 901- back-pressure valve, 902- pressure gauge, the 4th valve of 903-, 904- liquid container, 905- electricity
Sub- balance,
10- test specimen to be tested,
11- deformeter,
12- data collector,
13- third valve,
The 5th valve of 14-,
The 6th valve of 15-,
The 7th valve of 16-,
The 8th valve of 17-,
The 9th valve of 18-,
19- data processor.
Specific embodiment
Before embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail, orientation name involved in the embodiment of the present invention
Word, such as " upper end ", " lower end " on the basis of orientation shown in Fig. 1 are used merely to that the cause of the embodiment of the present invention is explicitly described
Permeability test method and device during close reservoir waterpower sand fracturing, and do not have the meaning for limiting the scope of the present invention
Justice.
To keep technical solution of the present invention and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to embodiment of the present invention make into
One step it is described in detail.
In one aspect of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides during a kind of compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing
The test device of permeability, the device include: pressure vessel 1, confining pressure booster 2, axial actuator 3, temperature-controlling module 4,
Hole pressure booster 5, pulse tester 6 plus sand component 7, fracturing fluid fill assembly 8 and flow measure component 9.
Wherein, axial actuator 3, temperature-controlling module 4 and test specimen to be tested 10 are arranged in pressure vessel 1, axial to make
The upper end of test specimen 10 to be tested is arranged in dynamic device 3, and temperature-controlling module 4 is arranged on the outer wall of test specimen 10 to be tested；
Cavity between confining pressure booster 2 and the inner wall of pressure vessel 1 and test specimen to be tested 10 is connected to, hole pressure booster 5
It is connected with pulse tester 6, top and bottom of the pulse tester 6 respectively with test specimen 10 to be tested are respectively connected with；
Sand component 7 is added to be connected with fracturing fluid fill assembly 8, the upper end phase of fracturing fluid fill assembly 8 and test specimen 10 to be tested
Even；
Flow measures component 9 and is connected with the lower end of test specimen 10 to be tested.
Below with regard to the test device of permeability during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Application method, which is given, to be described:
The test specimen to be tested 10 for being saturated fracturing fluid is fixed in pressure vessel 1；
According to the pressure and temperature of compact reservoir under formation conditions, applied by confining pressure booster 2 to test specimen 10 to be tested
Initial confining pressure, axial actuator 3 is added to apply primitive axis pressure, temperature-controlling module 4 to test specimen 10 to be tested to test specimen 10 to be tested
Apply initial temperature, hole pressure booster 5 and apply Initial Excess Pore Water Pressure to test specimen 10 to be tested, so that test specimen to be tested 10 realizes ground stratiform
The simulation of state；
When test specimen 10 to be tested does not rupture, through hole pressure booster 5 to the upper end of test specimen 10 to be tested apply it is multiple can
Variable orifice pressure, and the difference between two adjacent variable pore pressures is identical, obtains applying each variable pore pressure using pulse tester 6
When test specimen 10 to be tested top and bottom between poor, each variable pore pressure of initial pressure application duration and each application when
End pressure difference after length between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested is realized the test of impulse attenuation permeability, is obtained to be measured
Part 10 of having a try do not rupture before permeability and effective stress relation curve；
After test specimen 10 to be tested rupture, pulse tester 6 is closed, through hole pressure booster 5 is to test specimen 10 to be tested
Upper end applies the first preset pressure plus sand component 7 and adds sand, fracturing fluid fill assembly 8 to be measured to the upper end of test specimen 10 to be tested
Upper end injection fracturing fluid, the flow of part 10 of having a try measures component 9 and applies the second preset pressure to the lower end of test specimen 10 to be tested, and
The flow of seepage stability after being applied with the second preset pressure is obtained, the test of steady state method clancy behavior scale is realized, obtains to be measured
The variation multiple for the permeability after 10 waterpower sand fracturing of part of having a try.
Therefore, the test device of permeability utilizes pressure during the compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing of the embodiment of the present invention
Container 1, confining pressure booster 2, axial actuator 3, temperature-controlling module 4, hole pressure booster 5, pulse tester 6 plus sand component
7, fracturing fluid fill assembly 8 and flow measure component 9, realize test specimen 10 to be tested waterpower under simulated formation state and add sand pressure
The test of permeability during splitting, the relation curve of permeability and effective stress before not ruptured using test specimen 10 to be tested and to
The variation multiple of permeability determines permeability during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing after test 10 waterpower sand fracturing of test specimen
Changing rule, provide theoretical foundation for the reasonable Efficient Development of compact reservoir.
Based on above-mentioned, for the ease of the fixation of test specimen 10 to be tested, the first pressure head 101, are additionally provided in pressure vessel 1
One pressure pad piece 102, the second pressure pad piece 103, the second pressure head 104 and pedestal 105, as shown in Figure 1.
Specifically, the upper end of test specimen 10 to be tested is arranged in the first pressure head 101, and the setting of the second pressure head 104 is had a try to be measured
The lower end of part 10, the first pressure pad piece 102 are arranged between the first pressure head 101 and the upper end of test specimen to be tested 10, the second pressure pad piece
103 are arranged between the second pressure head 104 and the lower end of test specimen to be tested 10, and pedestal 105 is located at the lower end of the second pressure head 104, make
Obtaining test specimen 10 to be tested can be securely arranged in pressure vessel 1.
Wherein, filled with oil in pressure vessel 1, that is to say, that between the inner wall of pressure vessel 1 and test specimen to be tested 10
Filled with oil in cavity, and confining pressure booster 2 can set confining pressure value by controlling the amount of the oil injected into cavity.
In addition, confining pressure booster 2 is connected to by pipeline with cavity, in order to ensure the circulation of liquid in cavity, confining pressure pressurization
A circuit is constituted between device 2 and cavity, liquid is conveyed into cavity by inlet pipe, conveyed by outlet tube road from chamber
The liquid flowed out in vivo is provided with the 8th valve 17 in inlet pipe and is connected to controlling inlet pipe with cavity, passes through setting
9th valve 18 is connected to controlling outlet tube road with cavity.
Similarly, pulse tester 6 is respectively connected with by the top and bottom of pipeline and test specimen 10 to be tested, passes through setting
6th valve 15 can control pulse tester 6 and be connected to the upper end of test specimen 10 to be tested, can be with by the 7th valve 16 of setting
Control pulse tester 6 is connected to the lower end of test specimen 10 to be tested.
For adding sand component 7, adding sand component 7 includes sediment transport tank 701 and the second valve 701, as shown in Figure 1, sediment transport
It is installed with sand in tank 701, sand amount, the type of sand loading can need to be determined according to Reservoir type determine according to actual needs；The
Two valves 701 can control sediment transport tank 701 and be connected to fracturing fluid fill assembly 8.
For fracturing fluid fill assembly 8, fracturing fluid fill assembly 8 includes fluid reservoir 801, the first valve 802 and pump
Body 803, fluid reservoir 801 is interior to be filled with configured fracturing fluid, and the first valve 802 can control fluid reservoir 801 and add sand component 7
Connection, the pump housing 803 are constant pressure constant speed pump, can control the outflow pressure and the rate of outflow of the fracturing fluid flowed out in fluid reservoir 801.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that plus sand component 7 and fracturing fluid fill assembly 8 held by pipeline and pressure
The upper end of test specimen to be tested 10 in device 1 is connected.
It, can be by the way that third valve be arranged in order to ensure test specimen 10 to be tested carries out sand fracturing after rupture based on this
13 are connected to control plus sand component 7 and fracturing fluid fill assembly 8 with the upper end of test specimen 10 to be tested.
For flow measures component 9, it includes back-pressure valve 901, pressure gauge 902, the 4th valve that flow, which measures component 9,
903, liquid container 904 and electronic balance 905, as shown in Figure 1, electronic balance 905 is steadily fixed on ground or station,
Liquid container 904 is arranged on electronic balance 905, and back-pressure valve 901, pressure gauge 902 and the 4th valve 903 are connected to by pipeline,
One end of pipeline is directed at liquid container 904, and the liquid flowed out from the lower end of test specimen 10 to be tested is entered by pipeline
Into liquid container 904, back-pressure valve 901 can control the second preset pressure that setting applies to the lower end of test specimen 10 to be tested.
It is flowed into the time of the volume of liquid and inflow in liquid container 904 by recording, flow can be calculated.
In order to ensure test specimen 10 to be tested after rupture the available seepage stability being applied with after the second preset pressure
Flow measures component 9 by the 5th valve 14 of setting to control flow and is connected to the lower end of test specimen 10 to be tested.
On the basis of above structure, the survey of permeability during the compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing of the embodiment of the present invention
Trial assembly is set further include: deformeter 11 and data collector 12, as shown in Figure 1；
Deformeter 11 is arranged on test specimen 10 to be tested；
Data collector 12 is connected with deformeter 11,6 signal of pulse tester.
It can be measured by deformeter 11 and determine whether test specimen 10 to be tested ruptures, it is available by data collector 12
Data in deformeter 11 and pulse tester 6 are convenient for subsequent data statistics.
Further, the test device of permeability is also wrapped during the compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing of the embodiment of the present invention
It includes: data processor 19, as shown in Figure 1；
Data processor 19 is connected with 12 signal of data collector.
It can handle the collected data of data collector 12 by data processor 19, and by processing result in display screen
In show.
In another aspect of this invention, it is filled using the test of permeability during above-mentioned compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing
It sets, the present invention provides a kind of test methods of permeability during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing, and method flow diagram is such as
Shown in Fig. 2, this method comprises:
Step 201: the test specimen to be tested 10 for being saturated fracturing fluid is fixed in pressure vessel 1.
Before this step, the preparation of test specimen 10 to be tested is carried out first.By choosing shale, raw coal or densification from scene
After the sillar of sandstone, conglomerate or other hypotonic-ultra-permeable reserviors, the cylindrical body that ratio of height to diameter is 2~2.5:1 is drilled through from sillar and is made
For test specimen 10 to be tested, by cutting flat with, trimming by the both ends of test specimen 10 to be tested, the depth of parallelism of both ends of the surface is 0.02mm, with full
Sufficient rock mechanics standard requirements, whether the surface of the test specimen to be tested 10 then checked, which has obvious shortcoming, unfilled corner and show, splits
Agensis is stitched, if so, then abandoning, then makes next test specimen to be tested 10；If it is not, continuing subsequent step
Suddenly.
After test specimen 10 to be tested is completed in preparation, conventional physical parameter test and description are carried out to test specimen 10 to be tested.It is logical
The diameter of the length and cross section that obtain test specimen 10 to be tested is crossed, is ready data preparation for the calculating of subsequent permeability；?
After measuring the length of test specimen 10 to be tested and the diameter of cross section, test specimen 10 to be tested is placed in insulating box to drying to constant weight,
The conventional physical parameter such as dry weight, gas gaging hole porosity is measured after cooling；Then it is taken pictures to test specimen 10 to be tested or nuclear magnetic resonance
Imaging, obtain the natural microcrack situation of test specimen 10 to be tested, test specimen 10 to be tested be described, wherein take pictures be for
The outside of test test specimen 10 is shot, and Magnetic resonance imaging is shot to the inside of test specimen 10 to be tested；It then will be to
Test test specimen 10 is put into drying bottle for use.
After carrying out conventional physical parameter test and description to test specimen 10 to be tested, test specimen 10 to be tested is assembled.
After smearing high-strength adhesive by the upper section in hydraulic fracturing special nozzle and with side end face, test specimen to be tested is put it into
In 10 pressure break circular hole, and extrude make its with the end face of test specimen 10 to be tested is smooth is aligned, then place nature and parch.
After being completed to test specimen 10 to be tested, fracturing fluid saturation is carried out to test specimen 10 to be tested.It can be to be tested
Test specimen 10 is saturated fracturing fluid after vacuumizing, and continues to vacuumize, all full to ensure to exist in test specimen 10 to be tested without gas
Sum is fracturing fluid.
For example, the test specimen to be tested 10 after can parching naturally is put into vacuum plant, vacuumizes 4h, then
It is saturated configured good fracturing fluid, and continues to vacuumize, observes test specimen 10 to be tested bubble-free during being saturated fracturing fluid
Stop vacuumizing when spilling.
In this step, during completing the saturation of test specimen 10 fracturing fluid to be tested, fracturing fluid will can be saturated
The installation of test specimen 10 to be tested is fixed in pressure vessel 1.By the way that test specimen 10 to be tested is placed in the first pressure head 101 and the second pressure head
Between 104, so that the first pressure pad piece 102 at 10 both ends of test specimen to be tested and each face waterpower through-hole of the second pressure pad piece 103 and first
The waterpower through-hole alignment of pressure head 101 and the second pressure head 104, by the outer seal sleeve of test specimen 10 to be tested in test specimen 10 to be tested
And first outside of structure that constitutes of pressure head 101 and the second pressure head 104, temperature-controlling module 4 is had a try by be measured with blowing hot wind
The middle part of part 10 is uniformly blown tightly to both ends, contacts it with test specimen 10 to be tested, the first pressure head 101 and 104 consolidation of the second pressure head
Sealing；Axial actuator 3 is fixed, then deformeter 11 is installed on to the medium position of test specimen 10 to be tested；It connects in device
Pipeline and transmission cable between each device.
Step 202: according to the pressure and temperature of compact reservoir under formation conditions, by confining pressure booster 2 to be tested
Test specimen 10 applies initial confining pressure, axial actuator 3 and applies primitive axis pressure, temperature-controlling module 4 to be measured to test specimen 10 to be tested
Part 10 of having a try applies initial temperature, hole pressure booster 5 and applies Initial Excess Pore Water Pressure to test specimen 10 to be tested.
Debugging before this step, after needing to install to test specimen 10 to be tested.By the way that pedestal 105 is placed into
The combination of test specimen 10 to be tested and the first pressure pad piece 102 and the second pressure pad piece 103 is packed into triaxial apparatus cavity, connects axis by position
To load cable, debugs axial actuator 3 and piston is pushed to contact with the first pressure head 101, in place by the debugging of deformeter 11, by pressure
The thick cyclinder of container 1 is slowly put down, to seal triaxial apparatus cavity.
It in this step, can be according to the stress situation of protolith in compact reservoir, by controlling high-precision servo hydraulic station
To start confining pressure booster 2, to apply initial confining pressure and keep constant constant；Start axial actuator 3, and increases to step by step just
Beginning axis is pressed and is kept constant constant；Start-up temperature control assembly 4 sets initial temperature and keeps constant constant；Start pore pressure to increase
Depressor 5, to apply Initial Excess Pore Water Pressure and keep constant constant.
Step 203: through hole pressure booster 5 applies multiple variable pore pressures to the upper end of test specimen 10 to be tested, and adjacent
Difference between two variable pore pressures is identical, obtains applying each test specimen 10 to be tested when can be changed pore pressure using pulse tester 6
Top and bottom between poor, each variable pore pressure of initial pressure application duration and each application duration after test specimen to be tested
End pressure difference between 10 top and bottom.
Specifically, through hole pressure booster 5 changes the pore pressure of test specimen 10 to be tested, so that test specimen to be tested 10 generates negative sense
Mutation.Since the difference between multiple variable pore pressures of application is identical, that is to say, that variable pore pressure be applied to step by step to
The upper end of test specimen 10 is tested, until the bulk strain of test specimen 10 to be tested accelerates into negative sense mutation stage, i.e., test specimen to be tested
10 ruptures.
In this step, can be determined by deformeter 11 test specimen 10 to be tested with regard to whether failure by rupture.
Since hole pressure booster 5 is connected with pulse tester 6, thus, pulse tester 6 can measure to obtain application each
Initial pressure when variable pore pressure between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested is poor, the application duration of each variable pore pressure and every
End pressure difference after a application duration between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested.
Step 204: according to the initial pressure between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested when applying each variable pore pressure
End pressure after the applications duration of poor, each variable pore pressure and each application duration between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested
Power is poor, multiple first permeabilities before obtaining the original permeability of test specimen 10 to be tested and not rupturing.
Specifically, the original permeability of test specimen 10 to be tested and multiple first permeabilities before not rupturing are according to following calculating
Formula obtains:
In formula: k is original permeability or the first permeability, and unit is × 10-3μm2；μ is the viscosity coefficient of fracturing fluid, single
Position is Pasec；β is the compressed coefficient of fracturing fluid, unit Pa-1；V is the volume of pressure vessel 1, unit cm3；ΔpiFor
The initial pressure applied when each variable pore pressure between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested is poor, unit kPa；Δ t is every
The application duration of a variable pore pressure, unit sec；ΔpfFor test specimen 10 to be tested after each application duration top and bottom it
Between end pressure difference, unit kPa；AsFor the cross-sectional area of test specimen 10 to be tested, cm2；LsFor the length of test specimen 10 to be tested
Degree, cm.
Wherein, the compressed coefficient of the viscosity coefficient of fracturing fluid and fracturing fluid can measure instrument and the compressed coefficient by viscosity
Instrument is measured to be obtained.
Step 205: multiple first permeabilities, initial confining pressure and multiple variable orifices before not ruptured according to test specimen 10 to be tested
Pressure, fitting obtain the relation curve of the permeability before test specimen 10 to be tested does not rupture and effective stress.
Wherein, effective stress is the difference of initial confining pressure and variable pore pressure.
It is understood that due to can be changed pore pressure number be it is multiple, correspondingly, the number of effective stress is also more
It is a.By multiple effective stresses it is corresponding do not rupture before permeability, can be fitted to obtain before test specimen 10 to be tested ruptures
Permeability and effective stress relation curve.
Step 206: after test specimen 10 to be tested rupture, closing pulse tester 6, through hole pressure booster 5 is to be tested
The upper end of test specimen 10 applies the first preset pressure plus sand component 7 and adds sand, fracturing fluid fill assembly to the upper end of test specimen 10 to be tested
8 measure component 9 to the upper end of test specimen 10 to be tested injection fracturing fluid, flow presets to the lower end of test specimen 10 to be tested application second
Pressure, and acquisition is applied with the flow of seepage stability after the second preset pressure.
In this step, after test specimen 10 to be tested ruptures, pulse tester 6 is closed, terminates impulse attenuation permeability and surveys
Examination carries out the test of steady state method clancy behavior scale.
Step 207: according to flow, the first preset pressure and the second preset pressure, after obtaining the rupture of test specimen 10 to be tested
Second permeability.
Specifically, the second permeability is obtained according to following calculation formula:
In formula, k is the second permeability, unit D；μ is the viscosity coefficient of fracturing fluid, unit Pasec；Q is flow,
Unit is m3/s；A is the cross-sectional area of test specimen 10 to be tested, m2；Δ p is between the first preset pressure and the second preset pressure
Difference, unit Pa；L is the length of test specimen 10 to be tested, unit m.
It should be noted that control back-pressure valve can be pumped by high-precision Multi-stage plunger displacement, so that the first preset pressure
The value range of difference between the second preset pressure is 0-0.7MPa, avoid the first preset pressure and the second preset pressure it
Between difference it is excessive and be difficult to realize seepage stability.
Step 208: the second permeability after being ruptured according to the original permeability of test specimen 10 to be tested and test specimen to be tested 10,
Obtain the variation multiple of permeability after 10 waterpower sand fracturing of test specimen to be tested.
Specifically, after 10 waterpower sand fracturing of test specimen to be tested the variation multiple of permeability be rupture after the second permeability
With the ratio of original permeability.
When using above-mentioned steps by test specimen 10 to be tested test after the completion of, dismantle test specimen 10 to be tested, take pictures again or core
Magnetic resonance imaging, it is subsequent to be repeated according to set scheme to describe the spread scenarios in crack after 10 pressure break of test specimen to be tested
Above-mentioned steps, to carry out next group of test.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of test methods of permeability during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing.
The preparation of test specimen 10 to be tested: choosing the coal seam Jincheng Sihe Coal Mine 3#, and buried depth 550m, produces mark by 28.5 DEG C of temperature
Quasi-cylindrical protolith test specimen；
Early-stage preparations: being put into drying in baking oven for original rock sample, is drilled using bench drill in test specimen two ends face center, bore dia
Φ 8.0mm, depth H 6.0mm.Measure the size of test specimen 10 to be tested: height 101.4mm, test specimen diameter 50mm.It has a try to be measured
After part 10 parches naturally, putting it into impregnate in fracturing fluid makes test specimen be in water-saturated state, wherein the formula of fracturing fluid is
0.5%KCL+0.2%JH-20 cleanup additive 0.6%+98.1% clear water.
This method specifically includes:
Its corresponding pressure pad piece of test specimen to be tested 10 combination for being saturated fracturing fluid is packed into triaxial apparatus cavity, debugging is axial
Actuator 3 pushes piston to contact with the first pressure head 101, and deformeter 11 is debugged in place, puts down 1 thick cyclinder of pressure vessel to realize
The test specimen to be tested 10 for being saturated fracturing fluid is fixed in pressure vessel 1 by sealing, realization；
According to stress of primary rock situation, applying value to test specimen 10 to be tested by confining pressure booster 2 is the initial of 11.8MPa
Confining pressure simultaneously keeps constant constant, and axial actuator 3 applies the primitive axis that value is 14.8MPa to test specimen 10 to be tested and presses and keep
Invariable, hole pressure booster 5 applies the original pore pressure of 3.8MPa to test specimen 10 to be tested, and temperature-controlling module 4 sets to be measured
The initial temperature of part 10 of having a try is 28.5 DEG C and to keep constant constant；
According to ess-strain situation, through hole pressure booster 5 applies multiple variable pore pressures to the upper end of test specimen 10 to be tested,
Difference between two adjacent variable pore pressures is 2MPa, and increases variable orifice step by step and be depressed into 13.75MPa, is surveyed using pulse
It is poor, each that examination instrument 6 records initial pressure when obtaining applying each variable pore pressure between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested
End pressure difference after the applications duration of variable pore pressure and each application duration between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested；
The poor, Mei Geke according to the initial pressure between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested when applying each variable pore pressure
The application duration of variable orifice pressure and each end pressure difference applied after duration between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested, according to
Formula (1) original permeability of test specimen 10 to be tested is calculated and does not rupture before multiple first permeabilities；
When the bulk strain of test specimen 10 to be tested accelerates into the negative sense mutation stage, deformeter 11 records corresponding aperture press strip part
Under test specimen to be tested 10 whether deform, that is, judge 10 compression damage of test specimen to be tested.After test specimen 10 to be tested rupture,
Through hole pressure booster 5 applies the first preset pressure to the upper end of test specimen 10 to be tested, opens plus sand component 7 is dynamic to what is pressed off
250g700 mesh diamond dust+50g800 mesh diamond dust proppant is laid in state crack, fracturing fluid fill assembly 8 is to test specimen to be tested
Fracturing fluid is injected in 10 upper end, and flow measures component 9 and applies the second preset pressure to the lower end of test specimen 10 to be tested, and obtains and apply
The flow of seepage stability after the second preset pressure is added；
According to flow, the first preset pressure and the second preset pressure, it is broken that test specimen 10 to be tested is calculated according to formula (2)
The second permeability after splitting.
Fitting experimental data the result shows that: test specimen 10 to be tested do not rupture before permeability and effective stress relation curve
For K=0.1733e-Δδ, R2=0.8667, as shown in Figure 3；
The variation multiple of permeability is 2480 times after 10 waterpower sand fracturing of test specimen to be tested.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of test methods of permeability during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing.
The preparation of test specimen 10 to be tested: choosing the coal seam Jincheng Sihe Coal Mine 3#, and buried depth 550m, produces mark by 28.5 DEG C of temperature
Quasi-cylindrical protolith test specimen；
Early-stage preparations: being put into drying in baking oven for original rock sample, is drilled using bench drill in test specimen two ends face center, bore dia
Φ 8.0mm, depth H 6.3mm.Measure the size of test specimen 10 to be tested: height 102.0mm, test specimen diameter 50mm.It has a try to be measured
After part 10 parches naturally, putting it into impregnate in fracturing fluid makes test specimen be in water-saturated state, wherein the formula of fracturing fluid is
0.5%KCL+0.2%JH-20 cleanup additive 0.6%+98.1% clear water.
This method specifically includes:
Its corresponding pressure pad piece of test specimen to be tested 10 combination for being saturated fracturing fluid is packed into triaxial apparatus cavity, debugging is axial
Actuator 3 pushes piston to contact with the first pressure head 101, and deformeter 11 is debugged in place, puts down 1 thick cyclinder of pressure vessel to realize
The test specimen to be tested 10 for being saturated fracturing fluid is fixed in pressure vessel 1 by sealing, realization；
According to stress of primary rock situation, applying value to test specimen 10 to be tested by confining pressure booster 2 is the initial of 11.8MPa
Confining pressure simultaneously keeps constant constant, and axial actuator 3 applies the primitive axis that value is 14.8MPa to test specimen 10 to be tested and presses and keep
Invariable, hole pressure booster 5 applies the original pore pressure of 3.8MPa to test specimen 10 to be tested, and temperature-controlling module 4 sets to be measured
The initial temperature of part 10 of having a try is 28.5 DEG C and to keep constant constant；
According to ess-strain situation, through hole pressure booster 5 applies multiple variable pore pressures to the upper end of test specimen 10 to be tested,
Difference between two adjacent variable pore pressures is 2MPa, and increases variable orifice step by step and be depressed into 13.62MPa, is surveyed using pulse
It is poor, each that examination instrument 6 records initial pressure when obtaining applying each variable pore pressure between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested
End pressure difference after the applications duration of variable pore pressure and each application duration between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested；
The poor, Mei Geke according to the initial pressure between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested when applying each variable pore pressure
The application duration of variable orifice pressure and each end pressure difference applied after duration between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested, according to
Formula (1) original permeability of test specimen 10 to be tested is calculated and does not rupture before multiple first permeabilities；
When the bulk strain of test specimen 10 to be tested accelerates into the negative sense mutation stage, deformeter 11 records corresponding aperture press strip part
Under test specimen to be tested 10 whether deform, that is, judge 10 compression damage of test specimen to be tested.After test specimen 10 to be tested rupture,
Through hole pressure booster 5 applies the first preset pressure to the upper end of test specimen 10 to be tested, opens plus sand component 7 is dynamic to what is pressed off
250g700 mesh diamond dust+50g600 mesh diamond dust proppant is laid in state crack, fracturing fluid fill assembly 8 is to test specimen to be tested
Fracturing fluid is injected in 10 upper end, and flow measures component 9 and applies the second preset pressure to the lower end of test specimen 10 to be tested, and obtains and apply
The flow of seepage stability after the second preset pressure is added；
According to flow, the first preset pressure and the second preset pressure, it is broken that test specimen 10 to be tested is calculated according to formula (2)
The second permeability after splitting.
Fitting experimental data the result shows that: test specimen 10 to be tested do not rupture before permeability and effective stress relation curve
For K=0.002e-0.274Δδ, R2=0.8314, as shown in Figure 4；
The variation multiple of permeability is 2950 times after 10 waterpower sand fracturing of test specimen to be tested.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of test methods of permeability during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing.
The preparation of test specimen 10 to be tested: choosing the coal seam Jincheng Sihe Coal Mine 3#, and buried depth 550m, produces mark by 28.5 DEG C of temperature
Quasi-cylindrical protolith test specimen；
Early-stage preparations: being put into drying in baking oven for original rock sample, is drilled using bench drill in test specimen two ends face center, bore dia
Φ 8.0mm, depth H 6.5mm.Measure the size of test specimen 10 to be tested: height 102.76mm, test specimen diameter 50mm.To be tested
After test specimen 10 parches naturally, putting it into impregnate in fracturing fluid makes test specimen be in water-saturated state, wherein the formula of fracturing fluid is
0.5%KCL+0.2%JH-20 cleanup additive 0.6%+98.1% clear water.
This method specifically includes:
Its corresponding pressure pad piece of test specimen to be tested 10 combination for being saturated fracturing fluid is packed into triaxial apparatus cavity, debugging is axial
Actuator 3 pushes piston to contact with the first pressure head 101, and deformeter 11 is debugged in place, puts down 1 thick cyclinder of pressure vessel to realize
The test specimen to be tested 10 for being saturated fracturing fluid is fixed in pressure vessel 1 by sealing, realization；
According to stress of primary rock situation, applying value to test specimen 10 to be tested by confining pressure booster 2 is the initial of 11.8MPa
Confining pressure simultaneously keeps constant constant, and axial actuator 3 applies the primitive axis that value is 14.8MPa to test specimen 10 to be tested and presses and keep
Invariable, hole pressure booster 5 applies the original pore pressure of 3.8MPa to test specimen 10 to be tested, and temperature-controlling module 4 sets to be measured
The initial temperature of part 10 of having a try is 28.5 DEG C and to keep constant constant；
According to ess-strain situation, through hole pressure booster 5 applies multiple variable pore pressures to the upper end of test specimen 10 to be tested,
Difference between two adjacent variable pore pressures is 2MPa, and increases variable orifice step by step and be depressed into 13.75MPa, is surveyed using pulse
It is poor, each that examination instrument 6 records initial pressure when obtaining applying each variable pore pressure between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested
End pressure difference after the applications duration of variable pore pressure and each application duration between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested；
The poor, Mei Geke according to the initial pressure between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested when applying each variable pore pressure
The application duration of variable orifice pressure and each end pressure difference applied after duration between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested, according to
Formula (1) original permeability of test specimen 10 to be tested is calculated and does not rupture before multiple first permeabilities；
When the bulk strain of test specimen 10 to be tested accelerates into the negative sense mutation stage, deformeter 11 records corresponding aperture press strip part
Under test specimen to be tested 10 whether deform, that is, judge 10 compression damage of test specimen to be tested.After test specimen 10 to be tested rupture,
Through hole pressure booster 5 applies the first preset pressure to the upper end of test specimen 10 to be tested, opens plus sand component 7 is dynamic to what is pressed off
250g600 mesh diamond dust+50g500 mesh diamond dust proppant is laid in state crack, fracturing fluid fill assembly 8 is to test specimen to be tested
Fracturing fluid is injected in 10 upper end, and flow measures component 9 and applies the second preset pressure to the lower end of test specimen 10 to be tested, and obtains and apply
The flow of seepage stability after the second preset pressure is added；
According to flow, the first preset pressure and the second preset pressure, it is broken that test specimen 10 to be tested is calculated according to formula (2)
The second permeability after splitting.
Fitting experimental data the result shows that: test specimen 10 to be tested do not rupture before permeability and effective stress relation curve
For K=0.0208e-0.775Δδ, R2=0.9084, as shown in Figure 5；
The variation multiple of permeability is 3215 times after 10 waterpower sand fracturing of test specimen to be tested.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment provides a kind of test methods of permeability during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing.
The preparation of test specimen 10 to be tested: choosing the coal seam Jincheng Sihe Coal Mine 3#, and buried depth 550m, produces mark by 28.5 DEG C of temperature
Quasi-cylindrical protolith test specimen；
Early-stage preparations: being put into drying in baking oven for original rock sample, is drilled using bench drill in test specimen two ends face center, bore dia
Φ 8.0mm, depth H 6.4mm.Measure the size of test specimen 10 to be tested: height 103.7mm, test specimen diameter 50mm.It has a try to be measured
After part 10 parches naturally, putting it into impregnate in fracturing fluid makes test specimen be in water-saturated state, wherein the formula of fracturing fluid is
0.5%KCL+0.2%JH-20 cleanup additive 0.6%+98.1% clear water.
This method specifically includes:
Its corresponding pressure pad piece of test specimen to be tested 10 combination for being saturated fracturing fluid is packed into triaxial apparatus cavity, debugging is axial
Actuator 3 pushes piston to contact with the first pressure head 101, and deformeter 11 is debugged in place, puts down 1 thick cyclinder of pressure vessel to realize
The test specimen to be tested 10 for being saturated fracturing fluid is fixed in pressure vessel 1 by sealing, realization；
According to stress of primary rock situation, applying value to test specimen 10 to be tested by confining pressure booster 2 is the initial of 11.8MPa
Confining pressure simultaneously keeps constant constant, and axial actuator 3 applies the primitive axis that value is 14.8MPa to test specimen 10 to be tested and presses and keep
Invariable, hole pressure booster 5 applies the original pore pressure of 3.8MPa to test specimen 10 to be tested, and temperature-controlling module 4 sets to be measured
The initial temperature of part 10 of having a try is 28.5 DEG C and to keep constant constant；
According to ess-strain situation, through hole pressure booster 5 applies multiple variable pore pressures to the upper end of test specimen 10 to be tested,
Difference between two adjacent variable pore pressures is 2MPa, and increases variable orifice step by step and be depressed into 12.36MPa, is surveyed using pulse
It is poor, each that examination instrument 6 records initial pressure when obtaining applying each variable pore pressure between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested
End pressure difference after the applications duration of variable pore pressure and each application duration between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested；
The poor, Mei Geke according to the initial pressure between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested when applying each variable pore pressure
The application duration of variable orifice pressure and each end pressure difference applied after duration between the top and bottom of test specimen 10 to be tested, according to
Formula (1) original permeability of test specimen 10 to be tested is calculated and does not rupture before multiple first permeabilities；
When the bulk strain of test specimen 10 to be tested accelerates into the negative sense mutation stage, deformeter 11 records corresponding aperture press strip part
Under test specimen to be tested 10 whether deform, that is, judge 10 compression damage of test specimen to be tested.After test specimen 10 to be tested rupture,
Through hole pressure booster 5 applies the first preset pressure to the upper end of test specimen 10 to be tested, opens plus sand component 7 is dynamic to what is pressed off
250g500 mesh diamond dust+50g400 mesh diamond dust proppant is laid in state crack, fracturing fluid fill assembly 8 is to test specimen to be tested
Fracturing fluid is injected in 10 upper end, and flow measures component 9 and applies the second preset pressure to the lower end of test specimen 10 to be tested, and obtains and apply
The flow of seepage stability after the second preset pressure is added；
According to flow, the first preset pressure and the second preset pressure, it is broken that test specimen 10 to be tested is calculated according to formula (2)
The second permeability after splitting.
Fitting experimental data the result shows that: test specimen 10 to be tested do not rupture before permeability and effective stress relation curve
For K=0.0036e-0.354Δδ, R2=0.8260, as shown in Figure 6；
The variation multiple of permeability is 3689 times after 10 waterpower sand fracturing of test specimen to be tested.
To sum up, during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing of the invention the test method of permeability may be implemented it is to be tested
The test of permeability during waterpower sand fracturing under simulated formation state of test specimen 10, before not ruptured using test specimen 10 to be tested
Permeability and effective stress the 10 waterpower sand fracturing of relation curve and test specimen to be tested after permeability variation multiple determine
The changing rule of permeability during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing, for compact reservoir reasonable Efficient Development provide it is theoretical according to
According to.
The above is merely for convenience of it will be understood by those skilled in the art that technical solution of the present invention, not to limit
The present invention.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in this
Within the protection scope of invention.
Claims (10)
1. the test method of permeability during a kind of compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
The test specimen to be tested for being saturated fracturing fluid is fixed in pressure vessel；
According to the pressure and temperature of compact reservoir under formation conditions, applied just by confining pressure booster to the test specimen to be tested
Beginning confining pressure, axial actuator apply primitive axis pressure, temperature-controlling module to the test specimen to be tested and apply to the test specimen to be tested
Initial temperature, hole pressure booster is added to apply Initial Excess Pore Water Pressure to the test specimen to be tested；
Apply multiple variable pore pressures to the upper end of the test specimen to be tested by the hole pressure booster, and described in adjacent two
Difference between variable pore pressure is identical, the test specimen to be tested when obtaining applying each variable pore pressure using pulse tester
Top and bottom between poor, each variable pore pressure of initial pressure application duration and each application duration after institute
State the end pressure difference between the top and bottom of test specimen to be tested；
Poor according to the initial pressure between the top and bottom of the test specimen to be tested when each variable pore pressure of the application,
After the application duration of each variable pore pressure and each application duration between the top and bottom of the test specimen to be tested
End pressure difference, multiple first permeabilities before obtaining the original permeability of the test specimen to be tested and not rupturing；
Multiple first permeabilities, initial confining pressure and multiple variable pore pressures before not ruptured according to the test specimen to be tested, are fitted
The relation curve of permeability and effective stress before not ruptured to the test specimen to be tested；
After the test specimen to be tested rupture, the pulse tester is closed, by the hole pressure booster to described to be tested
The upper end of test specimen applies the first preset pressure plus sand component and adds sand, fracturing fluid fill assembly to the upper end of the test specimen to be tested
Component, which is measured, to the upper end of the test specimen to be tested injection fracturing fluid, flow applies second in advance to the lower end of the test specimen to be tested
If pressure, and acquisition is applied with the flow of seepage stability after second preset pressure；
According to the flow, first preset pressure and second preset pressure, after obtaining the test specimen rupture to be tested
The second permeability；
According to the second permeability after the original permeability of the test specimen to be tested and the test specimen rupture to be tested, obtain described
The variation multiple of permeability after test specimen waterpower sand fracturing to be tested.
2. the test method of permeability, feature exist during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing according to claim 1
In, it is described the test specimen to be tested of saturated water is fixed in pressure vessel before, the method also includes: obtain it is described to be tested
The length of test specimen and the diameter of cross section.
3. the test method of permeability, feature exist during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing according to claim 2
In, after the diameter of the length for obtaining the test specimen to be tested and cross section, the method also includes: to described to be tested
Test specimen is taken pictures or Magnetic resonance imaging, obtains the natural microcrack situation of the test specimen to be tested.
4. the test method of permeability, feature exist during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing according to claim 3
In, it is described to be taken pictures after the test specimen to be tested drying or Magnetic resonance imaging, obtain the natural of the test specimen to be tested
After microcrack situation, the method also includes: it is saturated the fracturing fluid after vacuumizing to the test specimen to be tested, and continues to take out
Vacuum.
5. the test method of permeability, feature exist during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing according to claim 1
Multiple first permeabilities before not rupturing in, the original permeability of the test specimen to be tested and are obtained according to following calculation formula:
In formula: k is the original permeability or the first permeability, and unit is × 10-3μm2；μ is the viscosity system of the fracturing fluid
Number, unit Pasec；β is the compressed coefficient of the fracturing fluid, unit Pa-1；V is the volume of the pressure vessel, unit
For cm3；ΔpiInitial pressure when to apply each variable pore pressure between the top and bottom of the test specimen to be tested is poor,
Unit is kPa；Δ t is the application duration of each variable pore pressure, unit sec；ΔpfAfter each application duration
End pressure difference between the top and bottom of the test specimen to be tested, unit kPa；AsFor the transversal of the test specimen to be tested
Area, cm2；LsFor the length of the test specimen to be tested, cm.
6. the test method of permeability, feature exist during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing according to claim 1
In the effective stress is the difference of the initial confining pressure and the variable pore pressure.
7. the test method of permeability, feature exist during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing according to claim 1
In second permeability is obtained according to following calculation formula:
In formula, k is second permeability, unit D；μ is the viscosity coefficient of the fracturing fluid, unit Pasec；Q is
The flow, unit m3/s；A is the cross-sectional area of the test specimen to be tested, m2；Δ p be first preset pressure with it is described
Difference between second preset pressure, unit Pa；L is the length of the test specimen to be tested, unit m.
8. the test method of permeability, feature exist during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing according to claim 7
In the value range of the difference between first preset pressure and second preset pressure is 0-0.7MPa.
9. the test device of permeability during a kind of compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing, which is characterized in that described device includes:
Pressure vessel (1), confining pressure booster (2), axial actuator (3), temperature-controlling module (4), hole pressure booster (5), pulse are surveyed
Examination instrument (6) plus sand component (7), fracturing fluid fill assembly (8) and flow measure component (9), wherein
The axial direction actuator (3), the temperature-controlling module (4) and test specimen to be tested (10) are arranged in the pressure vessel
(1) in, the axial direction actuator (3) is arranged in the upper end of the test specimen (10) to be tested, temperature-controlling module (4) setting
On the outer wall of the test specimen (10) to be tested；
Cavity between the confining pressure booster (2) and the inner wall and the test specimen to be tested (10) of the pressure vessel (1) connects
Logical, the hole pressure booster (5) is connected with the pulse tester (6), the pulse tester (6) respectively with it is described to be tested
The top and bottom of test specimen (10) are respectively connected with；
It is described plus sand component (7) be connected with the fracturing fluid fill assembly (8), the fracturing fluid fill assembly (8) with it is described to
The upper end for testing test specimen (10) is connected；
The flow measures component (9) and is connected with the lower end of the test specimen (10) to be tested.
10. the test device of permeability, feature exist during compact reservoir waterpower sand fracturing according to claim 9
In described device further include: deformeter (11) and data collector (12)；
The deformeter (11) is arranged on the test specimen (10) to be tested；
The data collector (12) is connected with the deformeter (11), the pulse tester (6) signal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811143455.3A CN109959595B (en) | 2018-09-28 | 2018-09-28 | Method and device for testing permeability in hydraulic sand fracturing process of tight reservoir |
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