CN1099400C - Method for preparing low TNT-equivalent ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a low-trinitrotoluene ammonium nitrate trinitrotoluene oil explosive for engineering blasting. The low-trinitrotoluene ammonium nitrate trinitrotoluene oil explosive is composed of powdery ammonium nitrate, wood powder, trinitrotoluene, a compound oil phase and additives. An airflow-rolling method is used for producing an ammonium nitrate trinitrotoluene oil explosive. The existing production equipment for producing the ammonium nitrate trinitrotoluene oil explosive only needs to be changed by the preparation method slightly, partial prescription is adjusted, and then a product which is better than an N0.4 ammonium nitrate trinitrotoluene oil explosive can be produced. The present invention is suitable for extensive manufacturers using an airflow-rolling technology for producing a powdery ammonium nitrate trinitrotoluene oil explosive to use, and has major popularizing value.

Description

The preparation method of low TNT-equivalent ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive

The present invention relates to a kind of powdery pyrotechnic composition, especially a kind of preparation method who contains No. 4 rock powdery an-tnt-oil explosives of low ladder.

Nineteen ninety-five, my company cooperated with the Changsha Mining ﹠ Metallurgy Inst, introduction contains the production technology of No. 2%4 rock an-tnt-oil explosives of ladder, adopt air-flow---rolling two-stage method production technique, carried out the secondary industrial experimentation at my company scene, product explosion velocity detected result is 2976m/s and 3049m/s, induced detonation is not succeedd less than 4cm.In March, 1996, held national rock powdery an-tnt-oil explosive mass analysis exchanging meeting in Zengcheng City, Guangdong Province, Changsha Mining ﹠ Metallurgy Inst has at the meeting done the speech of " rock powdery an-tnt-oil explosive production technology working report ", it has negated the possibility that No. 4 rock an-tnt-oil explosives are produced in application " air-flow---rolling technology ", think and to remove air stream drying ammonium nitrate technology, use the rolling method that the fifties generally uses instead, just might produce an-tnt-oil explosive No. 4.Really, domestic have several producers to remove expensive nearly 1,000,000 yuan pneumatic conveying dryer, uses wheel roller instead and produce No. 4 rock an-tnt-oil explosives.Yet, air stream drying ammonium nitrate technology is the comparatively advanced production technique that China's the seventies just grows up, there is most of utilization air-flow---the rolling production technique of tame industrial explosive material factory more than 500 in the whole nation, remove air stream drying ammonium nitrate capital improvement wheel roller production unit, the whole nation will be a quite surprising fund input.

Purpose of the present invention just provides a small amount of production unit of changing existing an-tnt-oil explosive of a kind of need, and the adjustment member prescription just can be produced the product that is better than No. 4 an-tnt-oil explosives.

Low TNT-equivalent ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive of the present invention is made up of powdery ammonium nitrate, wood powder, tritonal, compound oil phase, additive, compound oil phase is the mixture of compound special-purpose grease and department's benzene-80, its weight percent is: compound special-purpose grease 90～95%, department's benzene-80 5～10%.Additive is sodium lauryl sulphate, alkyl acid phosphate monoester, potassium primary phosphate, octadecane sebacoyl amine, Sorbitol Powder tetranitrate, talcum magnesite and whiting, select the mixture of its 2～3 kinds of combinations, its weight percent in explosive is 0.1～0.2%.Selecting for use price lower compound special-purpose grease to replace waxes such as the higher paraffin of price in Changsha Mining ﹠ Metallurgy Inst's prescription, vaseline is oil phase material.Replaced expensive properties-correcting agent with additive, through measuring and calculating, from saving energy and reduce the cost of expense of saving material and novel process, than the Technology of Changsha Mining ﹠ Metallurgy Inst, explosive per ton can reduce production costs more than 80 yuan.

The preparation method of low TNT-equivalent ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive of the present invention: (1) is got 89.5～92.5% ammonium nitrate by weight percentage and is dropped into crusher in crushing, rate of feeding≤1500kg/h, pulverize through pulverizer again, pass through 40 mesh sieves more than 90%, carry separator, separate discharging, 65 ℃～75 ℃ of drop temperatures, water content≤0.12%; After (2) 0.1～0.2% additives and ammonium nitrate slightly mix, drop into wheel roller and grind mixed, when playing big dirt, add 2.2～2.8% compound oil phases, grind and mix, every each rolling material of wheel roller is≤250kg always to grind and did time 15～25 minutes; Wood powder by 40 mesh sieves more than (3) 90% drops into drying plant drying, dried wood powder water content≤2%; (4) the ammonium oil compound with (2) drops into wheel roller, cool, wait to expect below the temperature drop to 70 ℃, drop into 1.8～2.2% tritonal, by 60 mesh sieves, grind mixed and be no less than 7 minutes more than 95%, add 4～5% wood powders, grind again to mix and be no less than discharging in 5 minutes, 45 ℃～55 ℃ of drop temperatures, water content≤0.15%.

The present invention and existing rolling two-stage method are produced low TNT-equivalent ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive following characteristics: (1) rolling technology is pressed 40～50 minutes/platform of nitre contaminated product, and the present invention only needs 20 minutes/platform, has improved production efficiency greatly; (2) select price lower compound special-purpose grease and additive for use, and novel process is energy-saving and cost-reducing, produces explosive cost per ton and reduce more than 80 yuan; (3) because tritonal content is few, reduced the harm of toxic gas, added a spot of oil phase, greatly reduced dust concentration, improved workman's operating environment, reduced pollution surrounding environment to human body; (4) explosive of the present invention is difficult for the moisture absorption hardening, after long-time the storage, still guarantees blast performance; (5) need not remove air stream drying ammonium nitrate technology, just can produce low TNT-equivalent ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive, can produce in enormous quantities, be fit to vast air-flow---rolling explained hereafter powdery an-tnt-oil explosive producer uses, and has bigger promotional value.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.

Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention.

Embodiment one

1, raw-material making:

(1) compound oil phase is to be referred to and the mixture of department's benzene-80 of 6% that by 94% compound special use drop into melting pot fusing preparation, temperature is controlled at 85 ℃, and the oil phase that makes is evenly not stratified.

(2) additive is selected the mixture of 0.08kg sodium lauryl sulphate and 0.05kg talcum magnesite for use.

(3) tritonal is after ball mill is pulverized, and 95% by 60 mesh sieves, 40 ℃ of drop temperatures.

(4) with 90% wood powder by 40 mesh sieves, drop into steam jacket formula drying machine drying, drying machine is to remove roller and rubbing board system by wheel roller, ressembles the stirring rubbing board, adjusting rotating speed is 10 rev/mins, wood powder water content 1.9%.

2, air stream drying operation:

Get ammonium nitrate 92kg by prescription, use the wooden mallet coarse crushing, evenly drop into the one-level plate-hammer crusher, rate of feeding 1450kg/h, the ammonium nitrate after the one-level crusher in crushing enters worm conveyor, it is in small, broken bits to send into secondary cam pulverizer, 92% by 40 mesh sieves, and back in small, broken bits ammonium nitrate enters cyclonic separator through hot blast conveying pipe, separates discharging, 68 ℃ of drop temperatures, water content are 0.11%.

3, high temperature contaminated product operation:

The 0.13kg additive is added in the ammonium nitrate drying material that the airflow drying operation is come out, after in car, slightly mixing, drop into and heavily cut or polish jade with an emery wheel the wheel roller stone roller mixed 10 minutes, when playing big dirt, the compound oil phase material that adds 2.5kg with double-deck steam jacket, grind again be mixed even, the every wheel 20 minutes total stone roller time, 95 ℃ of drop temperatures.

4, stone roller mixes pharmaceutical worker's preface in the low temperature:

The ammonium oil compound that high temperature contaminated product operation is sent here evenly drops into wheel roller, cool, when waiting to expect temperature drop to 65 ℃, drop into the tritonal of 1.9kg, grind and mixed 9 minutes, drop into the wood powder of 4.2kg, grind and mix discharging in 7 minutes, drop temperature is 48 ℃, water content 0.12%, the powder charge operation is delivered in discharging, by every 0.15kg packing, get final product the 100kg low TNT-equivalent ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive.

The low TNT-equivalent ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive that my company produces send national industrial explosive material product Changsha quality surveillance measuring station to detect through the sampling of Xingning City Bureau of Technical Supervision, and every performance of product is as follows:

Project	WJ/T9023-97	Test result
			Explosion velocity	≥3200m/g	3511m/s
Induced detonation	≥3cm	5cm
			Brisance	≥2mm	14mm
Power	≥320ml	338ml
			Toxic gas after the blast	≤100L/kg	52L/kg
Storage period	〉=6 months

Embodiment two

1, raw-material making:

(1) compound oil phase is the mixture by department's benzene-80 of 98% compound special-purpose grease and 2%, drops into melting pot fusing preparation, and temperature is controlled at 93 ℃, and the oil phase that makes is evenly not stratified.

(2) additive is selected the 0.07kg potassium primary phosphate for use, the mixture that 0.05kg octadecane sebacoyl amine and 0.03kg whiting are formed.

(3) tritonal is after ball mill is pulverized, and 98% by 60 mesh sieves, 42 ℃ of drop temperatures.

(4), drop into the drying machine drying, dry back wood powder water content 1.8% with 95% wood powder by 40 mesh sieves.

2, air stream drying operation:

After ammonium nitrate 91.5kg coarse crushing, drop into crusher, rate of feeding 1400kg/h, it is in small, broken bits that the ammonium nitrate after the fragmentation enters the cam pulverizer by transfer roller, and 95% by 40 mesh sieves, separate discharging, 72 ℃ of drop temperatures, water content 0.1% by cyclonic separator.

3, high temperature contaminated product operation:

The 0.15Kg additive is added in the ammonium nitrate drying material, after thick the mixing, drop into wheel roller and grind and mixed 8 minutes, when playing big dirt, add the compound oil phase material of 2.4kg, grind again and mixed 90 ℃ of drop temperatures 12 minutes.

4, stone roller mixes pharmaceutical worker's preface in the low temperature:

The ammonium oil compound that high temperature contaminated product operation is sent here drops into wheel roller, cool, when waiting to expect temperature drop to 68 ℃, drop into the tritonal of 2kg, grind and mixed 7 minutes, drop into the wood powder of 4.5kg, grind again and mix discharging in 6 minutes, 52 ℃ of drop temperatures, water content 0.14%, the powder charge operation is delivered in discharging, get final product the 100kg finished product.

Product was stored after 6 months, detected through our company, and the salient features of product is as follows: explosion velocity 3289m/s, induced detonation 5cm, brisance 13.40mm.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of preparation method of low TNT-equivalent ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive is characterized in that:

(1) get 89.5～92.5% ammonium nitrate by weight percentage and drop into crusher in crushing, rate of feeding is≤1500kg/h to pulverize through pulverizer again, reach 40 mesh sieves more than 90%, carry separator, separate discharging, 65 ℃～75 ℃ of drop temperatures, water content≤0.12%;

After (2) 0.1～0.2% additives and ammonium nitrate slightly mix, drop into wheel roller and grind mixed, when playing big dirt, add 2.2～2.8% compound oil phases, grind and mix, every each rolling material of wheel roller is≤250kg always to grind and did time 15～25 minutes;

Wood powder by 40 mesh sieves more than (3) 90% drops into drying plant drying, dried wood powder water content≤2%;

(4) the ammonium oil compound with (2) drops into wheel roller, cool, wait to expect below the temperature drop to 70 ℃, drop into 1.8～2.2% tritonal, by 60 mesh sieves, grind mixed and be no less than 7 minutes more than 95%, add 4～5% wood powders, grind again to mix and be no less than discharging in 5 minutes, 45 ℃～55 ℃ of drop temperatures, water content≤0.15%.