Parking brake device for rail transit vehicle and manual relieving method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a parking brake device for a rail transit vehicle and a manual relief method thereof.
Background
The parking brake device is mainly used for parking requirements (such as parking in a garage at night, parking of a fault vehicle line and the like) of rail transit vehicles under the windless condition. The parking brake device is usually stored by a high-pressure spring. When parking braking is not needed, compressed gas is filled into the parking braking cylinder, so that the spring force is overcome, and energy is stored; when parking brake is needed, compressed air in the parking brake cylinder is discharged, and the energy storage spring releases energy, so that the parking brake is applied. The parking brake device has the functions of parking brake, inflation relief and manual relief according to different working requirements. Parking braking and air charge mitigation may be achieved using compressed air: applying a parking brake when discharging compressed air; the charging relief of the parking brake is achieved when compressed air is charged. In order to enable the vehicle to be towed in windless conditions, the parking brake arrangement may also be manually relieved by pulling the manual relief mechanism.
U.S. patent No. 2003154854A1 discloses a spring brake cylinder and an emergency release device, which are typical parking brake devices, and work is completed by rotating complex components through threads, etc., and the parking brake device has stable operation and high reliability, but has the advantages of particularly complex structure, more parts, extremely high requirements on processing precision and relatively complicated assembly, disassembly and maintenance.
The parking brake devices in CN202272010U and CN102795240a are similar to the technical solution in US2003154854A1, and the parking brake devices also have the problems of too complex structure, numerous parts, high requirements for processing and assembly, and the like.
The Chinese patent document CN102756722A discloses a novel parking brake device, which realizes the functions of parking brake and inflation relief through the cooperation of steel balls and wedge pins, and realizes the manual relief of the parking brake through the deflection of a pull rod driving shaft and a push block. The amount of vertical movement of the push block is limited by space and it is very difficult to transfer the movement well to the wedge pin. The engineering application has certain difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a parking brake device for a rail transit vehicle, which has a simple structure and is convenient for engineering application. Another object of the present invention is to provide a manual relief method of a parking brake device for a rail transit vehicle.
In order to achieve one of the above purposes, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the invention comprises a cylinder body, a parking piston, a brake rod and a cylinder cover, wherein the parking piston divides a cylinder cavity into a first cavity below and a second cavity above, a parking spring is arranged in the second cavity, the upper end of the parking spring is propped against the cylinder cover, the lower end of the parking spring is propped against the parking piston, a limiting cover protruding upwards is arranged in the center of the parking piston, a spline body is arranged in the middle of the brake rod, a spline groove matched with the spline body of the brake rod is arranged at the top of the limiting cover, the upper end of the brake rod extends into the second cavity through the spline groove, a guide seat is fixed at the upper end of the brake rod, a brake rod spring is sleeved outside the limiting cover, one end of the brake rod spring is propped against the guide seat of the brake rod, and the other end of the brake rod spring is propped against the parking piston; the brake lever has a first rotational position for displacing the spline body thereof from the spline groove of the limit cover and a second rotational position for aligning the spline body thereof with the spline groove of the limit cover; the cylinder cover is provided with a rotary table, a rotary table spring, a first blocking piece corresponding to a first rotation position of the brake lever and a second blocking piece corresponding to a second rotation position of the brake lever, the rotary table is connected with the guide seat and can move axially relatively, and the rotary table is provided with a radial poking rod; the poking rod of the turntable abuts against the first baffle, the brake rod is in first rotation position, at the moment, the first cavity of the cylinder body is inflated, and the parking piston and the brake rod are both ascended, so that inflation relief is realized; when the cylinder is exhausted to enable the parking piston to move downwards, the inner top wall of the piston limiting cover is contacted with the top surface of the spline body of the brake rod, and the parking piston moves downwards with the brake rod to realize braking; the poking rod of the turntable abuts against the second blocking piece, namely the brake rod is in the second rotation position, the upper part of the spline body of the brake rod can penetrate out of the spline groove of the limiting cover, and the brake rod moves upwards under the action of the brake rod spring, so that manual release is realized.
In the inflation release state, a gap is reserved between the inner top wall of the piston limiting cover and the top surface of the brake rod spline body.
The outer diameter of the guide seat of the brake rod is larger than the outer diameter of the limit cover for parking the piston.
The number of teeth of the spline body of the brake lever is at least 4.
The turntable is sleeved on the guide seat, a guide key is arranged on the guide seat, an axial guide groove is formed in the turntable, and the guide key is in movable fit with the guide groove.
One end of the turntable spring is connected to the toggle rod, and the other end of the turntable spring is connected to the cylinder cover.
The cylinder cover is also provided with a pull rope for manual release, the bottom end of the pull rope is connected with a pushing piece, and the pushing piece of the pull rope drives the toggle rod to swing.
The manual release spring is sleeved on the inhaul cable, one end of the manual release spring is connected to the cylinder cover, and the other end of the manual release spring is connected to the pushing piece.
In order to achieve the second object, the present invention provides a manual relief method of a parking brake device for a rail transit vehicle, comprising: the pulling cable, the pushing piece promotes the poking rod to prop against the second baffle piece, the brake lever rotates to the second rotation position along with the turntable, the spline body of the brake lever is consistent with the spline groove of the limiting cover, the parking piston moves to the lowest position under the action of the parking spring, meanwhile, the brake lever moves upwards to the highest position under the action of the brake lever spring, the upper part of the spline body penetrates out of the spline groove of the limiting cover, and the brake lever originally extending out of the cylinder body enters the cylinder body to complete manual release.
The stay cable is opened, the pushing piece is reset under the action of the manual release spring, then the first cavity of the cylinder body is inflated, the parking piston rises, the spline groove of the limiting cover is separated from the spline body of the brake rod, and under the action of the turntable spring, the turntable drives the brake rod to return to the first rotation position, and the inflation release state is restored at the moment.
In the inflation release state, a gap is reserved between the inner top wall of the piston limiting cover and the top surface of the brake rod spline body.
The invention has the following positive effects: according to the invention, through the position change between the limiting cover of the parking piston and the spline body of the brake rod and matching with different motion states, the parking brake, pneumatic release and manual release are realized, the parking brake and release actions are simple, and the operation is convenient; the invention has the advantages of few parts, simple and compact structure, light weight, low manufacturing cost, convenient realization of engineering application and higher reliability and durability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a park brake apparatus after inflation is released.
Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a parking brake apparatus in a parking brake state.
Fig. 4 is a top view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the parking brake apparatus in a manual released state.
Fig. 6 is a top view of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the parking brake apparatus after manual release.
Fig. 8 is a top view of fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of the parking piston in embodiment 1.
Fig. 10 is a full cross-sectional view of the parking piston in example 1.
Fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of the brake lever in embodiment 1.
Fig. 12 is a graph of the parking piston versus brake lever position after charge relief.
Fig. 13 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the parking piston and the brake lever at the time of parking braking.
Fig. 14 is a graph of the positional relationship of the parking piston and the brake lever at the time of manual relief.
Fig. 15 is a schematic perspective view of the parking piston in embodiment 2.
Fig. 16 is a schematic perspective view of the brake lever in embodiment 2.
The labels in the figures are as follows: the novel hydraulic brake device comprises a cylinder body 1, a first cavity 1-1, a second cavity 1-2, an air inlet 1-3, a brake rod outlet 1-4, a parking spring 2, a rotary disc 3, a toggle rod 3-1, a cylinder cover 4, a parking piston 5, a limiting cover 5-1, spline grooves 5-1a, a brake rod 6, a spline body 6-1, a guide seat 6-2, a brake rod spring 7, a first blocking piece 8, a second blocking piece 9, a rotary disc spring 10, a guy cable 11, a pushing piece 12 and a manual release spring 13.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 14, the present embodiment includes a cylinder 1, a cylinder cover 4, a parking piston 5 and a brake lever 6, the parking piston 5 divides the cylinder cavity into a first cavity 1-1 below and a second cavity 1-2 above, an air inlet 1-3 and a brake lever outlet 1-4 are provided on the cylinder 1 corresponding to the first cavity 1-1, a parking spring 2 is provided in the second cavity 1-2, an upper end of the parking spring 2 is abutted against the cylinder cover 4, and a lower end is abutted against the parking piston 5.
The center of the parking piston 5 is provided with a limiting cover 5-1 protruding upwards, the middle part of the brake rod 6 is provided with a spline body 6-1, at least 4 teeth of the spline body 6-1 of the brake rod 6 are provided, in the attached drawing, the number of teeth of the spline body 6-1 of the brake rod 6 is 6, and the tooth end is arc-shaped. The top of the limiting cover 5-1 is provided with a spline groove 5-1a matched with the spline body 6-1 of the brake rod 6, the spline body 6-1 of the brake rod 6 is in movable fit with the spline groove 5-1a of the limiting cover 5-1, the upper end of the brake rod 6 penetrates out of the limiting cover 5-1 to extend to the second cavity 1-2, a guide seat 6-2 is fixed at the upper end of the upper end, and the outer diameter of the guide seat 6-2 is larger than the outer diameter of the limiting cover 5-1 of the parking piston 5. The outside of the limiting cover 5-1 is sleeved with a brake rod spring 7, one end of the brake rod spring 7 is propped against the guide seat 6-2 of the brake rod 6, and the other end is propped against the parking piston 5.
The brake lever 6 has a first rotational position for displacing the spline body 6-1 from the spline groove 5-1a of the limit cover 5-1 and a second rotational position for aligning the spline body 6-1 with the spline groove 5-1a of the limit cover 5-1. When the brake lever 6 is in the second rotational position, the brake lever 6 can be moved up and down along the spline groove 5-1a of the limit cap 5-1 by the spline body 6-1.
The cylinder cover 4 is provided with a turntable 3, a turntable spring 10, a first blocking piece 8 corresponding to a first rotation position of the brake lever, and a second blocking piece 9 corresponding to a second rotation position of the brake lever. The turntable 3 is sleeved on the guide seat 6-2, a guide key is arranged on the guide seat 6-2, an axial guide groove which is in movable fit with the guide key of the guide seat 6-2 is arranged on the turntable 3, and the brake rod can rotate along with the turntable 3 and axially move along the guide groove of the turntable 3 through the guide key on the guide seat 6-2. The turntable 3 is provided with a radial poking rod 3-1, when the poking rod 3-1 of the turntable 3 abuts against the first blocking piece 8, the braking rod 6 is in a first rotation position, and when the poking rod 3-1 of the turntable 3 abuts against the second blocking piece 9, the braking rod 6 rotates to a second rotation position. One end of the turntable spring 10 is connected to the toggle rod 3-1, and the other end is connected to the cylinder cover 4. The cylinder cover 4 is also provided with a pull rope 11 for manual release, the bottom end of the pull rope 11 is connected with a pushing piece 12, and the pushing piece 12 of the pull rope 11 drives the toggle rod 3-1 to swing. The pull rope 11 is sleeved with a manual release spring 13, one end of the manual release spring 13 is connected to the cylinder cover 4, and the other end of the manual release spring is connected to the pushing piece 12.
Fig. 1,2 and 12 show the parking brake device in a state of inflation release, under the action of the turntable spring 10, the toggle rod 3-1 of the turntable 3 abuts against the first stop member 8, the brake rod 6 is in a first rotation position, and compressed air enters the first cavity 1-1 from the air inlet 1-3 of the cylinder body, so that the parking piston 5 moves upwards against the acting force of the parking spring 2, and the brake rod 6 also moves upwards under the action of the brake rod spring 7, thereby realizing braking release. The proper inflation pressure is selected so that a gap h is formed between the inner top wall 5-1b of the piston limit cover 5-1 and the top surface 6-1a of the brake lever spline body 6-1. The existence of the gap ensures that the brake rod can smoothly rotate to the first rotation position when the brake rod is re-inflated after manual release; and in the inflation release state, the brake rod is not stressed by a piston force, and the parking brake is completely released.
In the state of the parking brake device shown in fig. 3, 4 and 13, in the state of air release, the toggle rod 3-1 of the turntable 3 abuts against the first stopper 8 to exhaust the air in the first cavity 1-1 of the air cylinder 1, the parking piston 5 moves downward under the action of the parking spring 2, at this time, the brake rod 6 contacts with the parking piston 5, that is, the inner top wall 5-1b of the piston limiting cover 5-1 is attached to the top surface 6-1a of the brake rod spline body 6-1, the parking piston 5 moves downward with the brake rod 6, and the brake rod 6 extends out through the brake rod outlet 1-4 of the cylinder body 1, thereby realizing parking brake.
Fig. 5, 6 and 14 show the parking brake arrangement in a manual release state, in which the parking piston 5 and the brake lever 6 are both in a low position, if manual release is required, by the following method: pulling the stay cable 11 to enable the toggle rod 3-1 of the rotary table 3 to overcome the acting force of the rotary table spring 10 to deflect until the toggle rod is propped against the second stop piece 9, in the process, the rotary table 3 drives the brake rod 6 to rotate to a second rotation position, the spline body 6-1 of the brake rod 6 is consistent with the spline groove 5-1a on the limit cover 5-1 of the parking piston 5, and at the moment, the parking piston 5 continuously moves downwards to the lowest position under the action of the parking spring 2 due to the fact that the energy storage of the parking spring 2 is not completely released in the braking process, the brake rod 6 moves upwards under the action of the brake rod spring 7, the upper portion of the brake rod 6 stretches out through the spline groove 5-1a on the limit cover 5-1, and the brake rod 6 retracts into the cylinder body, so that manual release is achieved.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, in this embodiment, after the manual release, the pull cable 11 is released, and the pull cable 11 is restored to the original position under the action of the manual release spring 13, and the spline body 6-1 is located in the spline groove 5-1a of the limiting cover 5-1, so that the toggle rod 3-1 cannot be restored to the original position. At this time, when compressed air enters the first cavity 1-1 from the air inlet 1-3, the parking piston 5 moves upward along the brake rod 6 until the limiting cover 5-1 is separated from the spline body 6-1, and the toggle piece 3-1 rotates under the action of the turntable spring 10, so that the brake rod 6 is driven to return to the first rotation position, and the whole device is restored to the state when the inflation is released. At this time, a gap h is formed between the inner top wall 5-1b of the piston retainer 5-1 and the top surface 6-1a of the brake lever spline body 6-1.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 15 and 16, 12 teeth are provided on the spline body 6-1 of the brake lever 6 of this embodiment, and 12 spline grooves 5-1a matching the spline body 6-1 of the brake lever 6 are provided on the top of the piston limit cover 5-1. See example 1 for others.
The examples described herein are provided for clarity of illustration only and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the invention. Other variations or modifications of the above description will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, and are not intended to be limiting in all embodiments.