CN109821927B - Production method of large-diameter white copper pipe - Google Patents
Production method of large-diameter white copper pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN109821927B CN109821927B CN201910244921.5A CN201910244921A CN109821927B CN 109821927 B CN109821927 B CN 109821927B CN 201910244921 A CN201910244921 A CN 201910244921A CN 109821927 B CN109821927 B CN 109821927B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material technical preparation and processing, and particularly relates to a method for producing a large-diameter white copper pipe.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material preparation and processing, and relates to a method for producing a large-diameter cupronickel pipe.
Background
The cupronickel has excellent mechanical property, good heat-conducting property, corrosion resistance and biological adhesion resistance, and is widely applied to the fields of thermal power generation, ships, seawater desalination and the like. At present, the size range of the pipe (including a pipeline, a flange, a valve and a corrugated pipe) for the seawater pipeline is generally 50-310 mm in outer diameter and 3-10 mm in wall thickness, and the pipe is an important structural component in the fields of seawater desalination, ships and the like [ Zhang Shangyu, the current situation and trend of pipe system materials for ships and warships, new material industry, 2011, No. 2, p.62-65 ]. With the rapid development of sea industries such as sea water desalination, ships and the like in China, particularly in the period that large ships and military ships enter high-speed construction in China in recent years, the demand of the cupronickel pipes with high corrosion resistance, high precision and large diameter is rapidly increased, but the production difficulty of products is large, particularly the cupronickel pipes with the diameter of more than 300mm can be produced in batches in a few countries such as Germany, Korea and the like internationally, and most of China depends on import.
At present, the domestic large-diameter white copper pipe mainly adopts a process (called as 'extruding and drawing' process for short) of 'semi-continuous casting solid ingot casting, perforation extrusion, acid washing, expanding and drawing, intermediate annealing, reducing and drawing and annealing' (see: royal huaxing and the like, a manufacturing process method of a large-diameter white copper tube, a Chinese invention patent with the authorization number of ZL 200710054272. X; development and process research of products of Chenqin, Liu Guanlong, Li Juan and large-caliber white copper tube, and production of Shanghai nonferrous metals, 2013, Vol. 34, No. 2 and p. 55-58. However, the "extrusion-diameter expansion-diameter reduction stretching" process has the following problems:
(1) the equipment investment is large, and a large extruder with the diameter of more than phi 300mm needs more than 5000 tons for producing the tube blank;
(2) the extruded tube blank is seriously eccentric, and the diameter is enlarged by expanding and stretching, so that the unevenness of the wall thickness of the tube can be further enlarged, and the product is easily scrapped;
(3) the single-pass deformation of expanding/reducing stretching is small, the number of processing passes is large, intermediate annealing is required, and the process flow is long;
(4) low comprehensive yield (less than 30 percent) and high production cost.
The horizontal continuous casting-drawing method is a newly developed method for producing the large-diameter thin-wall cupronickel tube [ Jianyan, Liu Xin Hua, Xie Xin, Mao Xiao Dong ], which is a short-process production method for the large-diameter thin-wall cupronickel tube, Chinese patent No. CN 105312353B ], and the method is characterized in that a hollow tube blank with an axially-oriented columnar crystal structure is prepared by hot-cold combined horizontal continuous casting, and then the hollow tube blank is drawn to produce the large-diameter cupronickel tube. However, the method has certain defects and limitations in the preparation of tube blanks with large diameters, particularly larger than phi 300, and mainly shows that:
(1) because the horizontal continuous casting pipe is influenced by gravity, the upper and lower cooling strengths are different, the phenomenon of nonuniform solidification structure of the pipe blank is generated in the continuous casting process, the wall thickness deviation of the continuous casting pipe blank is increased, and the influence of the larger diameter on the pipe blank is obvious;
(2) because the diameter of the continuous casting tube blank is determined to be always larger than that of a finished tube by adopting a horizontal continuous casting-rolling method, when the diameter of the finished tube is larger (more than 300mm), the difficulty of horizontally continuously casting the high-quality thin-wall white copper tube with the diameter of more than 300mm is larger.
Based on the background, the invention provides a method for producing a large-size cupronickel tube blank by adopting a hot-cold combined casting mould vertical continuous casting process, adopts a hot expanding process to expand the continuous casting tube blank, and adopts periodic cold rolling to reduce the diameter and reduce the wall of a hot expanded tube, thereby realizing the short-flow production of the cupronickel tube with large diameter, high precision and high quality, and solving the problems of long flow, low yield, high cost and the like of the traditional large-diameter cupronickel tube.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a short-process production method of a large-diameter cupronickel pipe, which has the characteristics of high yield, low cost and the like, aiming at the problems of long process, low yield, high cost and the like of the traditional production process of the large-diameter cupronickel pipe and the problems of lower uniformity of the wall thickness and smaller diameter of a horizontal continuous casting pipe blank.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the method adopts a hot-cold combined casting mold vertical continuous casting process to produce a white copper hollow tube blank with high inner and outer surface smoothness, high wall thickness uniformity, compact structure and axial orientation columnar crystal structure, adopts a hot expanding process to expand the hollow tube blank, adopts a periodic cold rolling mill to perform reducing rolling on the hot expanding tube, and prepares a large-diameter white copper tube with the diameter larger than phi 300 mm.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the production method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: casting a white copper hollow pipe blank with the outer diameter phi of 100-450 mm and the wall thickness of 5-30 mm by adopting a hot-cold combined casting mould vertical continuous casting method, wherein the white copper hollow pipe blank is continuously cast from top to bottom along the vertical direction to obtain the white copper hollow pipe blank with an axial orientation columnar crystal structure;
s2: expanding the large-size cupronickel hollow shell obtained in the step S1 by adopting a hot expanding process;
s3: reducing and rolling the diameter-expanded cupronickel hollow shell in S2;
s4: and (4) performing finished product bright annealing on the pipe subjected to reducing rolling in the S3 to realize regulation and control on the structure and performance of the pipe and meet the actual use requirement.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the parameters of the combined hot and cold vertical continuous casting process in S1 are as follows: the heat preservation temperature is 1150-1300 ℃, the standing time is 30 minutes, the heat type temperature is 1000-1250 ℃, the primary cooling water flow is 5-800L/min, the secondary cooling water flow is 5-1000L/min, and the traction speed is 20-500 mm/min.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the specific process of S2 is as follows:
firstly, mounting a large-size cupronickel hollow tube blank on a copper alloy tube blank hydraulic pushing mechanism, and fixing an expanding core head for later use;
secondly, starting the heating device through the temperature control system, simultaneously starting the hydraulic pushing mechanism of the copper alloy tube blank to push the tube blank to move towards the direction of the expanding core head, when the end part of the tube blank enters a heating area to be heated, starting the annular cooling device through the temperature control system to cool the copper alloy tube blank in a non-heating area, continuously pushing the copper alloy tube blank to move towards the direction of the expanding core head by the hydraulic pushing mechanism, enabling the expanding core head to enter the interior of the copper alloy tube blank, and generating a compressive stress from inside to outside along the radial direction on the inner wall of the copper alloy tube blank due to the fact that the heating part of the copper alloy tube blank is extruded by the conical expanding mode of the expanding core head, so that the copper alloy tube blank is expanded according to.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the process parameters of expanding diameter are as follows: the heating temperature is 200-800 ℃, the unilateral taper of the expanding core print die is 5-20 degrees, the expanding ratio is 1.1-1.4, and the expanding speed is 30-300 mm/min.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, in the reducing rolling in the S3, a two-roll or three-roll periodic cold rolling mill is adopted for rolling, and the rolling processing elongation coefficient is 1.2-5.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the annealing process in S4 specifically includes: the annealing temperature of the soft product is 700-900 ℃, and the annealing time is 0.5-2 h; annealing the semi-hard product at 550-700 ℃ for 0.5-2 h; the annealing protective atmosphere is 1-3% H2The remainder being N2。
The invention has the advantages that: by adopting the hot-cold combined casting mold vertical continuous casting process provided by the invention, a high temperature gradient is formed at the front edge of a solidification interface to form a straight solid-liquid interface, so that floating and removal of gas and impurity elements in a melt are facilitated, and the prepared white copper tube blank is compact in structure and uniform in components. The casting blank is subjected to the same axial gravity influence, the cooling strength is the same, the solidification structure is uniform, the wall thickness deviation of the tube blank is small, and a high-quality large-diameter cupronickel continuous casting tube blank can be prepared;
by adopting the thermal expanding process provided by the invention, the diameter of the white copper pipe can be expanded rapidly, the diameter expansion ratio is high, most of pipes can meet the subsequent processing requirements only by once expanding, the production efficiency is high, and the process is particularly suitable for producing the white copper pipe with the super-large diameter of more than phi 300 mm;
the method for rolling the hot expanding by adopting the periodic cold rolling has the advantages of large processing amount and high efficiency, the pipe is subjected to bidirectional compressive stress in the rolling process, the rolled pipe has compact structure and excellent performance, the periodic cold rolling precision is higher, and the size deviation of the pipe is small;
the large-diameter white copper pipe produced by the hot-cold combined vertical continuous casting-hot expanding-reducing rolling method has the advantages of uniform wall thickness, compact structure, short process flow, high production efficiency and high yield which can reach more than 70 percent, and can greatly reduce the production and manufacturing cost of the large-diameter white copper pipe.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of the method for producing a large-diameter white copper tube according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the construction of a vertical continuous casting apparatus for a hot-cold combination mold.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the expanding device.
In the figure:
1. the device comprises a melting furnace, 2, a transfer tank, 3, a liquid level monitoring device, 4, an outer mold, 5, a heat preservation device, 6, a core rod, 7, a first heating device, 8, a first temperature monitoring device, 9, a water-cooled copper sleeve, 10, a secondary cooling device, 11, a dummy bar head, 12, a traction machine, 13, a dummy bar, 14, a sawing machine, 15, a copper alloy pipe blank hydraulic pushing mechanism, 16, an expanded white copper pipe blank, 17, an expanded core head, 18, an annular cooling device, 19, a second heating device, 20, a core head ejector rod, 21, a core head inlet section, 22, a core head expanded section and 23, a core head sizing section.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
As shown in figure 1, the invention relates to a method for producing a large-diameter white copper pipe, which adopts a hot-cold combined casting mould vertical continuous casting process to produce a large-size white copper hollow pipe blank with high inner and outer surface smoothness, high wall thickness uniformity, compact structure and axial orientation columnar crystal structure, adopts a hot expanding process to expand the hollow pipe blank, adopts a periodic cold rolling mill to reduce the diameter of the hot expanding pipe, and produces the large-diameter (especially the oversized diameter with the diameter more than phi 300mm) white copper pipe.
The production method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: casting a white copper hollow pipe blank with the outer diameter phi of 100-450 mm and the wall thickness of 5-30 mm by adopting a hot-cold combined casting mould vertical continuous casting method, wherein the white copper hollow pipe blank is continuously cast from top to bottom along the vertical direction to obtain the white copper hollow pipe blank with an axial orientation columnar crystal structure;
s2: expanding the large-size cupronickel hollow shell obtained in the step S1 by adopting a hot expanding process;
s3: reducing and rolling the diameter-expanded cupronickel hollow shell in S2;
s4: and (4) performing finished product bright annealing on the pipe subjected to reducing rolling in the S3 to realize regulation and control on the structure and performance of the pipe and meet the actual use requirement.
The specific process of the combined hot and cold vertical continuous casting process in S1 comprises the following steps:
s1.1: installing all the parts in place on a casting platform, and injecting primary cooling water into a water-cooled copper sleeve;
s1.2: starting a first heating device to preheat the heat preservation section of the outer mold;
then, melting the copper alloy in the melting furnace to obtain a copper alloy solution, opening a stopper rod flow control structure, inputting the copper alloy melt into the outer membrane through a transfer tank, enabling the copper alloy melt to be located in a heat preservation section, monitoring the liquid level height of the copper alloy through a liquid level control system, placing graphite flakes or a covering agent on the liquid level of the copper alloy melt to prevent oxidation, and standing for a period of time;
s1.3: starting a casting mold heating device, continuously heating a casting mold heating section of an outer mold, and keeping the hot mold temperature at a certain temperature;
s1.4: the heated copper alloy solution enters a gap between an outer mold and a core rod of a first cooling section under the action of gravity, so that the solid-liquid interface position is in a transition zone of a heating section and a first cold section of a casting mold, the casting mold is carried out under the cooling of a water-cooling copper sleeve to obtain a large-diameter alloy pipe blank, a traction mechanism is started, and the casting mold is pulled at a certain initial traction speed to obtain the large-diameter alloy pipe blank;
s1.5: and opening a secondary cooling water device, carrying out secondary cooling on the large-diameter alloy pipe blank obtained by the casting mould, and carrying out fixed-length sawing by a sawing machine to obtain the large-diameter cupronickel pipe.
The parameters in S1.1-S1.5 are: the heat preservation temperature is 1150-1300 ℃, the standing time is 30 minutes, the heat type temperature is 1000-1250 ℃, the primary cooling water flow is 5-800L/min, the secondary cooling water flow is 5-1000L/min, and the traction speed is 20-500 mm/min.
The specific process of S2 is as follows:
s2.1: mounting the tube blank on a hydraulic pushing mechanism of the copper alloy tube blank, and fixing an expanding core head for later use;
s2.2: secondly, starting the heating device through the temperature control system, simultaneously starting the hydraulic pushing mechanism of the copper alloy tube blank to push the tube blank to move towards the direction of the expanding core head, when the end part of the tube blank enters a heating area to be heated, starting the annular cooling device through the temperature control system to cool the copper alloy tube blank in a non-heating area, continuously pushing the copper alloy tube blank to move towards the direction of the expanding core head by the hydraulic pushing mechanism, enabling the expanding core head to enter the interior of the copper alloy tube blank, and generating a compressive stress from inside to outside along the radial direction on the inner wall of the copper alloy tube blank due to the fact that the heating part of the copper alloy tube blank is extruded by the conical expanding mode of the expanding core head, so that the copper alloy tube blank is expanded according to.
The specific process parameters in the process are as follows: the heating temperature is 200-800 ℃, the unilateral taper of the expanding core print die is 5-20 degrees, the expanding ratio is 1.1-1.4, and the expanding speed is 30-300 mm/min.
And the elongation coefficient of the periodic cold rolling processing in the S3 is 1.2-5.
The annealing process in the step S4 specifically comprises: the annealing temperature of the soft product is 700-900 ℃, the annealing time is 0.5-2 h or the annealing temperature of the semi-hard product is 550-700 ℃, and the annealing time is 0.5-2 h; the annealing protective atmosphere is 1-3% H2The remainder being N2。
As shown in fig. 2, a hot-cold combination mold vertical continuous casting apparatus of a hot-cold combination mold vertical continuous casting method, the continuous casting apparatus comprising:
a continuous casting apparatus for a large-diameter cupronickel tube, the continuous casting apparatus comprising:
-a melting furnace for melting a copper alloy raw material;
-a transfer tank for conducting a flow of molten copper alloy;
-an outer mould for storing a copper alloy melt;
-a mandrel placed inside the outer die, leaving a gap between the outer sidewall of the mandrel and the inner sidewall of the outer die for co-over-molding a large diameter copper alloy;
-a liquid level monitoring device for monitoring the liquid level change of the copper alloy melt in the outer die in real time;
the first heating device is used for preheating the outer die and realizing heat preservation of the copper alloy melt in the outer die;
a casting mold heating device arranged at the lower end of the heat preservation device and used for heating a casting mold of the copper alloy melt entering the gap between the outer mold and the core rod;
-first temperature monitoring means for monitoring in real time temperature changes in the heating section of the mould;
-a water-cooled copper jacket for primary cooling of the formed large-diameter alloy tube;
and the secondary cooling device is used for carrying out secondary cooling on the formed large-diameter alloy pipe.
The central position of the bottom surface in the melting furnace is provided with a liquid outlet hole, and a stopper rod flow control structure is arranged on the liquid outlet hole;
the liquid outlet hole is communicated with one end of a horizontal liquid outlet flow channel arranged in the bottom of the melting furnace, the other end of the horizontal liquid outlet flow channel is communicated with one end of the transfer groove, and the other end of the transfer groove is arranged in the outer mold;
the outer mold is sequentially divided into a heat preservation section, a casting mold heating section and a first cooling section from top to bottom, the heat preservation device is arranged on the outer side wall of the heat preservation section, the casting mold heating device is arranged on the outer side wall of the casting mold heating section, and the water-cooling copper sleeve is arranged on the outer side wall of the first cooling section; the secondary cooling device is arranged on the outer side wall of the first cooling section below the water-cooling copper sleeve;
the liquid level monitoring device is arranged on the side wall of the outer die and is in control connection with the stopper rod flow control structure, and a probe of the liquid level monitoring device is arranged inside the outer die;
the first temperature monitoring device is arranged on the side wall of the casting mold heating section of the outer mold;
the core rod is arranged in the outer die and is positioned in the heating section and the first cooling section of the casting mold;
the dummy bar head is arranged at an outlet at the bottom of the outer die and is connected with a dummy bar, and two sides of the dummy bar are provided with tractors; the sawing machine is arranged at the lower end of the dummy bar.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the continuous casting equipment for the large-diameter copper white tube further comprises a heat insulation layer, wherein the heat insulation layer is coated on the outer side wall of the outer die of the heat insulation section and the outer side wall of the outer die of the casting heating section, the heat insulation layer is formed by pouring refractory materials, and the outer die and the core rod are both made of graphite; the length of the casting mold heating section is 30-100 mm; the length of the first cold section is 50-150 mm.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the ratio of the height of the water-cooling copper sleeve to the diameter of the formed large-diameter alloy pipe is 0.5-0.8.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the heat preservation device is a high-frequency heating heat preservation coil; the casting mold heating device is a hot section high-frequency coil, and the hot section high-frequency coil is of an inner-outer double-layer coil structure.
As shown in fig. 3, the structure of the expanding device is schematic, and the expanding device comprises an expanding core print, a core print ejector rod, a copper alloy pipe blank hydraulic pushing mechanism, a second heating device, an annular cooling device and a second temperature monitoring device;
wherein the diameter-expanding core head is used for expanding the heated copper alloy tube blank,
the core print ejector rod is used for installing and fixing the expanded diameter core print;
the copper alloy pipe blank hydraulic pushing mechanism is used for pushing the copper alloy pipe blank to be expanded to move;
the annular cooling device is used for cooling a non-heating area of the copper alloy pipe blank, reducing the temperature and ensuring the strength of the copper alloy pipe blank;
the second heating device is used for rapidly heating the copper alloy pipe blank to be expanded so as to realize the diameter expansion operation of the copper alloy pipe blank; the second heating device is a heating coil.
And the second temperature monitoring device is used for accurately controlling the temperatures of the heating area and the cooling area and ensuring the stability of the temperature field of the copper alloy pipe blank.
The structure of the expanding device is as follows:
the diameter-expanding core print is horizontally arranged at the end part of one end of the core print ejector rod, and the other end of the core print ejector rod is fixed on the fixed frame;
the hydraulic pushing mechanism for the copper alloy tube blank is arranged at the other end of the diameter-expanding core head, a cooling area and a heating area are arranged between the diameter-expanding core head and the hydraulic pushing mechanism for the copper alloy tube blank, the cooling area is arranged at one side close to the hydraulic pushing mechanism for the copper alloy tube blank, the heating area is arranged at one end close to the diameter-expanding core head, the second heating device is arranged in the heating area, the annular cooling device is arranged in the cooling area, and the temperature control system is respectively in control connection with the second heating device and the annular cooling device.
The diameter-expanding core head sequentially comprises an inlet section, a conical diameter-expanding section and a sizing section from left to right, one end of the sizing section is fixedly connected with the core head ejector rod, and the other end of the sizing section is fixedly connected with one end of the inlet section through the conical diameter-expanding section.
The diameter of the inlet section is smaller than that of the sizing section; the unilateral taper of the tapered expanding section is 5-20 degrees.
The heating device is a medium/high frequency heating coil.
Example 1:
method for producing phi 419 x 6mm BFe10-1.4-1 cupronickel (soft state) straight pipe
A step of vertically and continuously casting the white copper pipe blank, which is to adopt a hot-cold combined casting mould vertical and continuous casting process to prepare a phi 360 multiplied by 15mm BFe10-1.4-1 white copper pipe blank, wherein the melting temperature of copper liquid is 1250 ℃, the temperature of a hot mould (a casting mould heating section) is 1200 ℃, the flow rate of primary cooling water is 600L/min, the flow rate of secondary cooling water is 600L/min, and the traction speed is 50 mm/min;
hot expanding of the cupronickel pipe blank: expanding the continuously cast tube blank to phi 480 multiplied by 11mm by adopting a hot expanding process, wherein the heating temperature of the tube blank is 550 ℃, the angle of an expanding section is 10 degrees, and the expanding speed is 200 mm/min;
periodic cold rolling: rolling the tube blank subjected to three-roller periodic cold rolling and diameter expansion to reach the specification of phi 419 multiplied by 6mm in a single pass;
carrying out bright annealing on the tube blank subjected to periodic cold rolling, wherein the annealing temperature is 780 ℃, the annealing time is 1H, and the annealing protective atmosphere is 2% H2+ balance N2And obtaining a soft finished pipe with performance meeting the use requirement.
Example 2:
method for producing BFe10-1.4-1 cupronickel (soft state) straight pipe with phi 325 x 4mm size
And (3) vertically and continuously casting the white copper pipe blank: the phi 280 multiplied by 12mm BFe10-1.4-1 cupronickel tube blank is prepared by adopting a hot-cold combined casting vertical continuous casting process, the melting temperature of copper liquid is 1250 ℃, the temperature of a hot mould (casting mould heating section) is 1200 ℃, the flow rate of primary cooling water is 400L/min, the flow rate of secondary cooling water is 600L/min, and the traction speed is 60 mm/min;
hot expanding of the cupronickel pipe blank: expanding a continuously cast tube blank to phi 370 multiplied by 9mm by adopting a hot expanding process, wherein the heating temperature of the tube blank is 550 ℃, the angle of an expanding section is 10 degrees, and the expanding speed is 240 mm/min;
periodic cold rolling: rolling the expanded tube blank by three-roller periodic cold rolling to a phi 325 multiplied by 4mm specification in a single pass;
carrying out bright annealing on the tube blank subjected to periodic cold rolling, wherein the annealing temperature is 780 ℃, the annealing time is 1H, and the annealing protective atmosphere is 2% H2+ balance N2And obtaining a soft finished pipe with performance meeting the use requirement.
Example 3:
method for producing BFe30-1-1 cupronickel (soft state) straight pipe with phi 273 x 3mm size
And (3) vertically and continuously casting the white copper pipe blank: adopting a hot-cold combined casting vertical continuous casting process to prepare a phi 240 multiplied by 12mm BFe10-1.4-1 cupronickel tube blank, wherein the melting temperature of copper liquid is 1300 ℃, the temperature of a hot mould (casting mould heating section) is 1250 ℃, the flow rate of primary cooling water is 600L/min, the flow rate of secondary cooling water is 600L/min, and the traction speed is 30 mm/min;
hot expanding of the cupronickel pipe blank: expanding the continuously cast tube blank to phi 320 multiplied by 9mm by adopting a hot expanding process, wherein the heating temperature of the tube blank is 650 ℃, the angle of an expanding section is 6 degrees, and the expanding speed is 180 mm/min;
periodic cold rolling: rolling the expanded tube blank by three-roller periodic cold rolling to a phi 273 multiplied by 3mm specification in a single pass;
carrying out bright annealing on the tube blank subjected to periodic cold rolling, wherein the annealing temperature is 850 ℃, the annealing time is 1H, and the annealing protective atmosphere is 2% H2+ balance N2And obtaining a soft finished pipe with performance meeting the use requirement.
The advantages of the invention have been shown and described. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (2)
1. A method for producing a large-diameter white copper pipe, characterized in that the method adopts hot-cold combined casting mold vertical continuous casting equipment of a hot-cold combined casting mold vertical continuous casting method, and the continuous casting equipment comprises:
-a melting furnace for melting a copper alloy raw material;
-a transfer tank for conducting a flow of molten copper alloy;
-an outer mould for storing a copper alloy melt;
-a mandrel placed inside the outer die, leaving a gap between the outer sidewall of the mandrel and the inner sidewall of the outer die for co-over-molding a large diameter copper alloy;
-a liquid level monitoring device for monitoring the liquid level change of the copper alloy melt in the outer die in real time;
the first heating device is used for preheating the outer die and realizing heat preservation of the copper alloy melt in the outer die;
a mold heating device arranged at the lower end of the first heating device and used for heating the copper alloy melt entering the gap between the outer mold and the core rod in a mold mode;
-first temperature monitoring means for monitoring in real time temperature changes in the heating section of the mould;
-a water-cooled copper jacket for primary cooling of the formed large-diameter alloy tube;
the secondary cooling device is used for carrying out secondary cooling on the formed large-diameter alloy pipe;
the central position of the bottom surface in the melting furnace is provided with a liquid outlet hole, and a stopper rod flow control structure is arranged on the liquid outlet hole;
the liquid outlet hole is communicated with one end of a horizontal liquid outlet flow channel arranged in the bottom of the melting furnace, the other end of the horizontal liquid outlet flow channel is communicated with one end of the transfer groove, and the other end of the transfer groove is arranged in the outer mold;
the outer mold is sequentially divided into a heat preservation section, a casting mold heating section and a first cooling section from top to bottom, the first heating device is arranged on the outer side wall of the heat preservation section, the casting mold heating device is arranged on the outer side wall of the casting mold heating section, and the water-cooling copper sleeve is arranged on the outer side wall of the first cooling section; the secondary cooling device is arranged on the outer side wall of the first cooling section below the water-cooling copper sleeve;
the liquid level monitoring device is arranged on the side wall of the outer die and is in control connection with the stopper rod flow control structure, and a probe of the liquid level monitoring device is arranged inside the outer die;
the first temperature monitoring device is arranged on the side wall of the casting mold heating section of the outer mold;
the core rod is arranged in the outer die and is positioned in the heating section and the first cooling section of the casting mold;
the dummy bar head is arranged at an outlet at the bottom of the outer die and is connected with a dummy bar, and two sides of the dummy bar are provided with tractors; the sawing machine is arranged at the lower end of the dummy bar;
the continuous casting equipment for the large-diameter copper white tube further comprises a heat insulation layer, wherein the heat insulation layer is coated on the outer side wall of the outer die of the heat insulation section and the outer side wall of the outer die of the casting mold heating section, the heat insulation layer is formed by pouring refractory materials, and the outer die and the core rod are both made of graphite; the length of the casting mold heating section is 30-100 mm; the length of the first cold section is 50-150 mm, the white copper hollow tube blank with high smoothness of the inner surface and the outer surface, high uniformity of the wall thickness, compact structure and axial-oriented columnar crystal structure is produced by the process, the hollow tube blank is subjected to diameter expansion by adopting a hot diameter expansion process, and the hot diameter expansion tube is subjected to reducing rolling by adopting a periodic cold rolling mill to prepare a large-diameter white copper tube with the diameter larger than phi 320mm, wherein the production method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: casting a white copper hollow pipe blank with the outer diameter phi of 100-450 mm and the wall thickness of 5-30 mm by adopting a hot-cold combined casting mould vertical continuous casting method, wherein the white copper hollow pipe blank is continuously cast from top to bottom along the vertical direction to obtain the white copper hollow pipe blank with an axial orientation columnar crystal structure; the parameters of the hot-cold combined vertical continuous casting process are as follows: the heat preservation temperature is 1150-1300 ℃, the standing time is 30 minutes, the heat type temperature is 1000-1250 ℃, the primary cooling water flow is 5-800L/min, the secondary cooling water flow is 5-1000L/min, the traction speed is 20-500 mm/min,
s2: expanding the large-size cupronickel hollow shell obtained in the step S1 by adopting a hot expanding process;
s3: reducing and rolling the diameter-expanded cupronickel hollow shell in S2; the reducing rolling is carried out by adopting a two-roller or three-roller periodic cold rolling mill, and the rolling processing elongation coefficient is 1.2-5;
s4: and (3) performing finished product bright annealing on the pipe subjected to reducing rolling in the S3 to realize regulation and control on the structure and performance of the pipe and meet the actual use requirements, wherein the annealing process specifically comprises the following steps: the annealing temperature of the soft product is 700-900 ℃, and the annealing time is 0.5-2 h; annealing the semi-hard product at 550-700 ℃ for 0.5-2 h; the annealing protective atmosphere is 1-3% H2The remainder being N2。
2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of S2 is as follows:
firstly, mounting a large-size cupronickel hollow tube blank on a copper alloy tube blank hydraulic pushing mechanism, and fixing an expanding core head for later use;
secondly, starting the heating device through the temperature control system, simultaneously starting the hydraulic pushing mechanism of the copper alloy tube blank to push the tube blank to move towards the expanding core head, when the end part of the tube blank enters the heating area to be heated, starting the annular cooling device through the temperature control system to cool the copper alloy tube blank in the non-heating area, continuously pushing the copper alloy tube blank to move towards the expanding core head by the hydraulic pushing mechanism, enabling the expanding core head to enter the copper alloy tube blank, and generating a compressive stress along the radial direction from inside to outside on the inner wall of the copper alloy tube blank due to the extrusion of the heating part of the copper alloy tube blank in a conical expanding mode of the expanding core head, so that the copper alloy tube blank is expanded according to a preset proportion,
the diameter expanding process parameters are as follows: the heating temperature is 200-800 ℃, the unilateral taper of the expanding core print die is 5-20 degrees, the expanding ratio is 1.1-1.4, and the expanding speed is 30-300 mm/min.
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| CN110732566B (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-02-05 | 浙江国邦钢业有限公司 | Large-caliber S31254 super austenitic stainless steel seamless tube and preparation process thereof |
| CN110961485A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-07 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Seamless cupronickel large pipe and production method thereof |
| CN115415350A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-12-02 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Production method of large-diameter and overweight cupronickel large pipe |
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