CN109765063B - Commercial vehicle cab suspension arrangement optimization test device and optimization method thereof - Google Patents
Commercial vehicle cab suspension arrangement optimization test device and optimization method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109765063B CN109765063B CN201910179080.4A CN201910179080A CN109765063B CN 109765063 B CN109765063 B CN 109765063B CN 201910179080 A CN201910179080 A CN 201910179080A CN 109765063 B CN109765063 B CN 109765063B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a suspension arrangement optimization test device for a cab of a commercial vehicle and an optimization method thereof. The device has low cost, simple arrangement and easy realization. The invention also discloses a method for optimizing the suspension arrangement of the cab of the commercial vehicle, and the method can quickly obtain an accurate optimization result of the suspension arrangement of the cab of the commercial vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a commercial vehicle cab suspension, in particular to a commercial vehicle cab suspension arrangement optimization test device and an optimization method thereof.
Background
With the development of social economy, the use amount of commercial vehicles is increased year by year, the smoothness of the commercial vehicles becomes an important evaluation standard of the technical level of vehicles, and users also put forward higher requirements on the smoothness of the vehicles of the commercial vehicles. The cab suspension vibration isolation technology has an important influence on the smoothness of the commercial vehicle, but at present, manufacturers of commercial vehicles optimize the smoothness through tests in the whole vehicle development, such as methods of replacing suspension, changing suspension installation angle and the like, a small amount of tests can not necessarily obtain better results, the tests have blindness, and the smoothness optimization period is long and the cost is high. Scientific research units such as colleges and universities mostly carry out vibration simulation optimization in theory through software, and lack practical connection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a commercial vehicle cab suspension arrangement optimization test device and an optimization method thereof. The device has low cost, simple arrangement and easy realization, and the method can quickly obtain accurate optimization results of the suspension arrangement of the cab of the commercial vehicle.
The technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a commercial car cab suspension arrangement optimization test device, includes the base, is equipped with a set of symmetrical arrangement's displacement excitation action ware on the base, and displacement excitation action ware one end up is equipped with suspension inclination adjusting device, and the commercial car cab is arranged in suspension inclination adjusting device top, and signal acquisition device who is connected with the computer terminal passes through signal acquisition circuit and is connected with the cab electricity, and the computer terminal passes through control signal output circuit and is connected with displacement excitation action ware, suspension inclination adjusting device.
The displacement excitation actuator has the functions that: and providing the same displacement excitation as that of the suspension of the cab during the running of the real vehicle according to the displacement excitation signal output by the computer terminal.
The suspension inclination angle adjusting device comprises a supporting body, a telescopic body and a suspension, wherein the supporting body, the telescopic body and the suspension are connected through bolts, the supporting body and the telescopic body are completely fastened, the supporting body and the bottom of the cab are moderately fastened, the cab can rotate around the axis of the bolts, the telescopic body and the cab are moderately fastened, the cab can rotate around the axis of the bolts, the telescopic body is fixed on a displacement excitation actuator through bolts, a motor and a gear are arranged on the telescopic body and used for controlling a rack telescopic rod, and therefore the purpose of changing the inclination angle of the suspension cab is achieved.
The cab is provided with a fixed bracket and a seat, and the fixed bracket is used for connecting the cab of the commercial vehicle with the suspension dip angle changing device;
the signal acquisition device is provided with a vibration acceleration sensor which is fixed on a seat of the cab;
the telescopic body comprises a telescopic body, a motor, a gear and a telescopic rod with a rack, wherein the motor is welded on the telescopic body, and the shaft end is provided with the gear meshed with the rack.
The computer terminal is internally provided with signal processing software and optimizing software, the signal processing software is used for processing vibration acceleration signals transmitted to the computer through a signal acquisition circuit and calculating the weighted root mean square value of the vibration acceleration frequency of the seat in each direction, so that an optimizing objective function is calculated, and the optimizing software is used for controlling the suspension installation inclination angle of the cab and optimizing iteration.
The optimization method for optimizing the test device by using the commercial vehicle cab suspension arrangement comprises the following steps:
1) Establishing a vibration differential equation of the target commercial vehicle: establishing a target commercial vehicle mechanical model, wherein the model comprises a seat, a cab suspension, a second-class chassis, a chassis suspension, unsprung mass and wheels, wherein the lower ends of the front wheels and the rear wheels are in contact with a road surface, the upper ends of the front wheels and the rear wheels are connected with the unsprung mass, the lower ends of the chassis suspension are connected with the unsprung mass, the upper ends of the chassis suspension are connected with the second-class chassis, the lower ends of the cab suspension are connected with the second-class chassis, the upper ends of the cab suspension are connected with the cab, the seat is arranged in the cab, a driver is positioned on the seat, and the meanings of mechanical parameters, quality parameters and geometric parameters of the target commercial vehicle in the target commercial vehicle mechanical model are as shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
；
Establishing a vertical vibration differential equation of eight-degree-of-freedom driving of the half vehicle according to each parameter, wherein the differential equation is shown in a formula (1):
2) Constructing a vibration calculation simulation model of the target commercial vehicle, and generating a displacement excitation signal of a displacement excitation actuator;
according to the eight-degree-of-freedom running vertical vibration differential equation of the half vehicle established in the step 1), MATLAB/Simulink software is adopted to construct a vertical vibration calculation simulation model of the target commercial vehicle, and a displacement signal acting on the suspension is derived and used as a displacement excitation signal of a displacement excitation actuator;
3) Establishing a cab suspension arrangement test optimization objective function based on smoothness:
weighting root mean square value a according to seat x-direction vibration acceleration frequency wx Frequency weighted root mean square value a of y-direction vibration acceleration wy Frequency weighted root mean square value a of z-direction vibration acceleration wz Establishing an objective function, namely a formula (2):
each root mean square value can be obtained by the formula (3):
wherein G is a (f) Time domain course a of acceleration of seat surface in each direction t Performing spectrum analysis to obtain a power spectrum density function; w (f) is a frequency weighting function obtained by the formulas (4), (5), (6), respectively: :
the x-direction is formula (4):
the y-direction is formula (5):
the z-direction is formula (6):
4) Initializing a suspension installation angle: the computer terminal transmits a control signal to the motor according to the set initial suspension installation angle, and the motor controls the initial elongation of the telescopic rod, so that the purpose of the suspension installation angle is initialized;
5) Calculating an objective function: the displacement excitation actuator carries out displacement excitation, the signal acquisition instrument acquires signals and transmits the signals to the computer terminal, the computer firstly carries out Fourier transform on each direction signal, then obtains each direction acceleration root mean square value according to a formula (3), and finally calculates an objective function according to the formula (2);
6) Acquiring and utilizing ISIGHT software to judge the fitness value of the optimized objective function, and storing an optimal value;
7) Judging whether the iteration times are set or not;
8) If yes, outputting an optimal suspension installation angle;
9) If not, changing the suspension installation angle, repeating the steps 5) -9), and iterating to obtain the suspension optimal installation angle.
The device has low cost, simple arrangement and easy realization, and the method can quickly obtain accurate optimization results of the suspension arrangement of the cab of the commercial vehicle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the device in the embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a suspension-mounted recliner device according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a telescopic body according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the cab mount bracket on the optimizing device in the embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a vibration acceleration sensor mounting arrangement in an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a mechanical model of a target commercial vehicle in an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of displacement excitation signals received by the cab front suspension in an embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of displacement excitation signals received by the cab rear suspension in an embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of an optimization method in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be further illustrated with reference to the drawings and examples, but is not limited thereto.
Examples:
the utility model provides a commercial car cab suspension arrangement optimization test device, including base 9, be equipped with a set of symmetrical arrangement's displacement excitation action ware 1 on the base 9, displacement excitation action ware 1 up one end is equipped with suspension inclination adjusting device 2, and suspension inclination adjusting device 2 top is arranged in to commercial car cab 3, and signal acquisition device 6 that is connected with computer terminal 8 passes through signal acquisition circuit 4 and is connected with cab 3 electricity, and computer terminal 8 passes through control signal output circuit 5 and is connected with displacement excitation action ware 1, suspension inclination adjusting device 2, as shown in fig. 1.
The displacement excitation actuator 1 has the functions of: the same displacement excitation as that received by the cab suspension during real vehicle running is provided according to the displacement excitation signal output by the computer terminal 8.
The suspension dip angle adjusting device comprises a supporting body, a telescopic body and a suspension, wherein the supporting body, the telescopic body and the suspension are connected through bolts, the supporting body and the telescopic body are completely fastened, the supporting body and the bottom of the cab 3 are moderately fastened, the cab 3 can rotate around the axis of the bolts, the telescopic body and the cab 3 are moderately fastened, the cab 3 can rotate around the axis of the bolts, the telescopic body is fixed on the displacement excitation actuator 1 through bolts, as shown in fig. 2, a motor and a gear are arranged on the telescopic body and used for controlling a rack telescopic rod, the motor is welded on the telescopic body, and the shaft end is provided with a gear meshed with the rack, as shown in fig. 3, so that the dip angle of the suspension cab 3 is changed;
the cab 3 is provided with a fixed bracket and a seat, wherein the fixed bracket is used for connecting the cab of the commercial vehicle with the suspension dip angle changing device, as shown in fig. 4;
the signal acquisition device 6 is provided with a vibration acceleration sensor which is fixed on a seat of the cab 3, as shown in fig. 5;
the computer terminal 8 is internally provided with signal processing software and optimizing software, the signal processing software is used for processing vibration acceleration signals transmitted to the computer through the signal acquisition circuit 4 and calculating the weighted root mean square value of the vibration acceleration frequency of the seat in each direction, so that an optimizing objective function is calculated, and the optimizing software is used for controlling the suspension installation inclination angle and optimizing iteration of the cab 3.
Referring to fig. 9, the optimizing method using the commercial vehicle cab suspension arrangement optimizing test apparatus includes the steps of:
1) Establishing a vibration differential equation of the target commercial vehicle: the method comprises the steps of establishing a target commercial vehicle mechanical model, as shown in fig. 8, wherein the model comprises a seat, a cab suspension, a second-class chassis, a chassis suspension, unsprung masses and wheels, wherein the lower ends of the front wheels and the rear wheels 1 are in contact with a road surface, the upper ends of the front wheels and the rear wheels 2 are connected with the unsprung masses, the lower ends of the chassis suspension are connected with the unsprung masses, the upper ends of the chassis suspension are connected with the second-class chassis, the lower ends of the cab suspension are connected with the second-class chassis, the upper ends of the chassis suspension are connected with the cab, the cab is provided with the seat, a driver is positioned on the seat, and the meanings of mechanical parameters, mass parameters and geometric parameters of the target commercial vehicle in the target commercial vehicle mechanical model are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
；
Establishing a vertical vibration differential equation of eight-degree-of-freedom driving of the half vehicle according to each parameter, wherein the differential equation is shown in a formula (1):
2) Constructing a vibration calculation simulation model of the target commercial vehicle, and generating a displacement excitation signal of a displacement excitation actuator;
according to the eight-degree-of-freedom running vertical vibration differential equation of the half vehicle established in the step 1), MATLAB/Simulink software is adopted to construct a vertical vibration calculation simulation model of the target commercial vehicle, a displacement signal acting on the suspension is derived and used as a displacement excitation signal of the displacement excitation actuator 1, and the displacement excitation signal is shown in fig. 7 and 8;
3) Establishing a cab suspension arrangement test optimization objective function based on smoothness:
weighting root mean square value a according to seat x-direction vibration acceleration frequency wx Frequency weighted root mean square value a of y-direction vibration acceleration wy Frequency weighted root mean square value a of z-direction vibration acceleration wz Establishing an objective function, namely a formula (2):
each root mean square value can be obtained by the formula (3):
wherein G is a (f) Time domain course a of acceleration of seat surface in each direction t Performing spectrum analysis to obtain a power spectrum density function; w (f) is a frequency weighting function obtained by the formulas (4), (5), (6), respectively: :
the x-direction is formula (4):
the y-direction is formula (5):
the z-direction is formula (6):
4) Initializing a suspension installation angle: the computer terminal 8 transmits a control signal to a motor according to the set initial suspension installation angle, and the motor controls the initial elongation of the telescopic rod, so that the purpose of the suspension installation angle is initialized;
5) Calculating an objective function: the displacement excitation actuator 1 carries out displacement excitation, the signal acquisition instrument acquires signals and transmits the signals to the computer terminal 8, the computer 8 firstly carries out Fourier transform on the signals in each direction, then obtains the root mean square value of the acceleration in each direction according to a formula (3), and finally calculates an objective function according to a formula (2);
6) Acquiring and utilizing ISIGHT software to judge the fitness value of the optimized objective function, and storing an optimal value;
7) Judging whether the iteration times are set or not;
8) If yes, outputting an optimal suspension installation angle;
9) If not, changing the suspension installation angle, repeating the steps 5) -9), and iterating to obtain the suspension optimal installation angle.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides an optimization method of optimizing test device is arranged to commercial car cab suspension, adopts commercial car cab suspension to arrange optimizing test device, and the device includes the base, is equipped with a set of symmetrical displacement excitation action ware on the base, and displacement excitation action ware one end up is equipped with suspension inclination adjusting device, and commercial car cab is arranged in suspension inclination adjusting device top, and the signal acquisition device who is connected with the computer terminal is connected with the cab electricity through signal acquisition circuit, and the computer terminal is connected with displacement excitation action ware, suspension inclination adjusting device through control signal output circuit;
the suspension dip angle adjusting device comprises a supporting body, a telescopic body and a suspension, wherein the supporting body, the telescopic body and the suspension are connected through bolts, the supporting body and the telescopic body are completely fastened, the supporting body and the bottom of the cab are moderately fastened, the cab can rotate around the axis of the bolts, the telescopic body and the cab are moderately fastened, the cab can rotate around the axis of the bolts, the telescopic body is fixed on a displacement excitation actuator through bolts, and a motor and a gear are arranged on the telescopic body;
the signal acquisition device is provided with a vibration acceleration sensor which is fixed on a seat of the cab;
the telescopic body comprises a telescopic body, a motor, a gear and a telescopic rod with a rack, wherein the motor is welded on the telescopic body, and the shaft end is provided with the gear meshed with the rack, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Establishing a vibration differential equation of the target commercial vehicle: the method comprises the steps of establishing a target commercial vehicle mechanical model, wherein the model comprises a seat, a cab suspension, a second-class chassis, a chassis suspension, unsprung masses and wheels, wherein the lower ends of the front wheels and the rear wheels are in contact with a road surface, the upper ends of the front wheels and the rear wheels are connected with the unsprung masses, the lower ends of the chassis suspension are connected with the unsprung masses, the upper ends of the chassis suspension are connected with the second-class chassis, the lower ends of the cab suspension are connected with the second-class chassis, the upper ends of the cab suspension are connected with the cab, the cab is provided with the seat, a driver is positioned on the seat, and the meanings of mechanical parameters, mass parameters and geometric parameters in the target commercial vehicle mechanical model are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
；
Establishing a vertical vibration differential equation of eight-degree-of-freedom driving of the half vehicle according to each parameter, wherein the differential equation is shown in a formula (1):
2) Constructing a vibration calculation simulation model of the target commercial vehicle, and generating a displacement excitation signal of a displacement excitation actuator;
according to the eight-degree-of-freedom running vertical vibration differential equation of the half vehicle established in the step 1), MATLAB/Simulink software is adopted to construct a vertical vibration calculation simulation model of the target commercial vehicle, and a displacement signal acting on the suspension is derived and used as a displacement excitation signal of a displacement excitation actuator;
3) Establishing a cab suspension arrangement test optimization objective function based on smoothness:
weighting root mean square value a according to seat x-direction vibration acceleration frequency wx Frequency weighted root mean square value a of y-direction vibration acceleration wy Frequency weighted root mean square value a of z-direction vibration acceleration wz Establishing an objective function, namely a formula (2):
each root mean square value can be obtained by the formula (3):
wherein G is a (f) Time domain course a of acceleration of seat surface in each direction t Performing spectrum analysis to obtain a power spectrum density function; w (f) is a frequency weighting function obtained by the formulas (4), (5), (6), respectively:
the x-direction is formula (4):
the y-direction is formula (5):
the z-direction is formula (6):
4) Initializing a suspension installation angle: the computer terminal transmits a control signal to the motor according to the set initial suspension installation angle, and the motor controls the initial elongation of the telescopic rod, so that the suspension installation angle is initialized;
5) Calculating an objective function: the displacement excitation actuator carries out displacement excitation, the signal acquisition device acquires signals and transmits the signals to the computer terminal, the computer firstly carries out Fourier transform on each direction signal, then obtains each direction acceleration root mean square value according to a formula (3), and finally calculates an objective function according to the formula (2);
6) Judging the fitness value of the optimized objective function by using ISIGHT software, and storing an optimal value;
7) Judging whether the iteration times are set values or not;
8) If yes, outputting an optimal suspension installation angle;
9) If not, changing the suspension installation angle, repeating the steps 5) -9), and iterating to obtain the suspension optimal installation angle.
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| CN113295426A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-08-24 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Bench test method for evaluating vibration comfort of automobile seat |
| CN117367829A (en) * | 2023-10-23 | 2024-01-09 | 哈尔滨东安汽车发动机制造有限公司 | Method for testing influence of assembly carrying angle on drivability of whole vehicle |
| CN118424749B (en) * | 2024-07-04 | 2024-08-30 | 山东鲁玉减震系统技术有限公司 | Commercial car driver's cabin suspension rigidity test device |
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