CN109704784B - Preparation method of ceramic microspheres - Google Patents
Preparation method of ceramic microspheres Download PDFInfo
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- CN109704784B CN109704784B CN201910160732.XA CN201910160732A CN109704784B CN 109704784 B CN109704784 B CN 109704784B CN 201910160732 A CN201910160732 A CN 201910160732A CN 109704784 B CN109704784 B CN 109704784B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of ceramic microspheres, belonging to the technical field of material preparation. The preparation method of the ceramic microspheres comprises the following steps: mixing ceramic raw material powder and a high-molecular binder in proportion to form a ceramic feed; heating and extruding the ceramic feed in a vacuum injection molding machine or an extruder, and cutting a cylindrical blank; the cylindrical green body is ground into a spherical green body; and (4) debonding the spherical blank and sintering at high temperature to obtain the ceramic microspheres. The preparation method of the ceramic microspheres provided by the invention realizes the high-efficiency preparation of the ceramic microspheres with excellent quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of ceramic microspheres.
Background
The ceramic microspheres with the sphere diameter less than 1 millimeter are widely applied to the industries of fine grinding, polishing and the like, and particularly, the ceramic microspheres are needed to be used as grinding media when powder or slurry with the particle size of less than 1 micron, uniform distribution and good dispersion is obtained. The ceramic microspheres are highly popular in the market because of high grinding and polishing efficiency.
Because the ceramic microspheres have small volume, the ceramic microspheres cannot be efficiently prepared by using conventional forming and processing methods, such as dry pressing, casting and other processes. The commonly used process technologies at present are the dropping and the ball-and-ball method. The microsphere prepared by the dropping ball method has better performance consistency, but because of the inherent characteristics of the process, the top, the microstructure and the performance of the subsequently solidified sphere are different from those of the previously solidified part, and long-term use shows that the subsequently solidified part of the microsphere is quickly abraded, and the shape of the microsphere is mostly apple-shaped. The microspheres prepared by the ball-and-ball method have high efficiency and simple process, but the hard core structure and the layered structure are caused by the forming process, and the peeling phenomenon is easy to occur in the using process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of ceramic microspheres, which realizes the high-efficiency preparation of ceramic microspheres with excellent quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a method for preparing ceramic microspheres, which prepares a blank of the ceramic microspheres by powder metallurgy and injection molding, and concretely comprises the following steps,
1) mixing ceramic raw material powder and a high-molecular binder in proportion to form a ceramic feed;
2) heating and extruding the ceramic feed in a vacuum injection molding machine or an extruder, and cutting a cylindrical blank;
3) rolling and grinding the cylindrical green body into a spherical green body;
4) and de-bonding the spherical blank and sintering at high temperature to obtain the ceramic microsphere.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the mixing ratio of the ceramic raw material powder and the polymer binder in the step 1) is 4:1 to 8: 1.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the step 1), the ceramic raw material powder and the polymer binder are stirred and mixed in a kneader to form uniform ceramic feed.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the step 1), the ceramic raw material powder and the high molecular binder are stirred and mixed in an internal mixer to form uniform ceramic feed.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the step 1), a small amount of coupling agent is required to be added after the ceramic raw material powder and the high molecular binder are mixed in proportion.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the diameter of the cylindrical blank in the step 2) is between 0.5 and 1.5 mm, and the height of the column is between 0.5 and 1.5 mm.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the diameter of the ceramic microspheres in the step 4) is between 0.3 and 0.7 mm.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical effects:
the preparation method of the ceramic microspheres provided by the invention is simple to operate, the prepared microspheres have good sphericity and high consistency of sphere performance; the ceramic microspheres with excellent quality can be efficiently prepared in a large scale.
According to the preparation method of the ceramic microspheres, the high-molecular binder and the ceramic powder are uniformly mixed in a hot state to form uniform ceramic feed with high loading capacity; then extruding cylindrical strips according to the size of the needed microspheres in a vacuum injection molding machine or an extruder, cutting the strips into needed lengths, and grinding the cut cylinders into spherical blanks under the action of an upper grinding disc and a lower grinding disc; finally, the spherical green body is subjected to glue removal and high-temperature sintering to obtain the microsphere material.
According to the preparation method of the ceramic microspheres, the raw material powder and the high-molecular binder are fully mixed and kneaded in the kneading machine, so that the prepared microspheres are good in uniformity and consistent in performance of each part.
According to the preparation method of the ceramic microspheres, the characteristics that the polymer binder has plasticity after being heated and has high strength after being cooled are utilized, the ceramic microspheres are ground into spheres in a heating state, and the prepared microspheres have good sphericity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing ceramic microspheres according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
The invention discloses a preparation method of ceramic microspheres, which realizes the high-efficiency preparation of ceramic microspheres with excellent quality.
With reference to the flow chart of the method for preparing ceramic microspheres provided by the invention shown in FIG. 1,
the invention provides a method for preparing ceramic microspheres, which prepares a blank of the ceramic microspheres by powder metallurgy and injection molding, and concretely comprises the following steps,
1) and mixing ceramic raw material powder and a high-molecular binder in proportion to form the ceramic feed.
The ceramic raw material powder and the macromolecular binder are stirred and mixed in a kneader or an internal mixer to form uniform ceramic feed.
Further, the mixing ratio of the ceramic raw material powder and the polymer binder is between 4:1 and 8: 1; the specific mixing ratio of the ceramic raw material powder and the polymer binder can be determined according to the materials selected for the ceramic raw material powder and the polymer binder. After the ceramic raw material powder and the high-molecular binder are mixed in proportion, a small amount of coupling agent is required to be added.
Specifically, in the embodiment provided by the invention, after ceramic raw material powder and a high molecular binder are proportioned in proportion, the mixture is mixed and kneaded in a kneader, and the kneader heats the mixture during kneading; and after kneading is finished, obtaining mixed feed, crushing the feed after the feed is cooled, and sealing the feed for later use.
2) Heating and extruding the ceramic feed in a vacuum injection molding machine or an extruder, and cutting a cylindrical blank.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, the prepared feed is heated in an injection molding machine or an extruder and extruded, the extrusion port is circular, and the diameter of the extrusion port can be changed as required; the extrusion port can be externally provided with a rotary blade to automatically cut the extruded cylindrical strip into cylindrical blanks, and the length of each blank can be adjusted by the rotating speed of the blade and the feeding extrusion speed. Or the cylindrical strip blank can be extruded first and then cut as required.
Specifically, the diameter of the cylindrical blank is between 0.5 and 1.5 mm, and the height of the column is between 0.5 and 1.5 mm.
3) And rolling and grinding the cylindrical green body into a spherical green body.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, the cylindrical blank is placed between an upper grinding disc and a lower grinding disc, the grinding discs are heated until the blank has good plasticity, the two grinding discs are oppositely rotated, the cylindrical blank is gradually ground into a spherical blank from a cylinder under the action of the grinding discs, the grinding discs stop heating after the blank is pelletized, and the spherical blank is obtained after cooling.
4) And de-bonding the spherical blank and sintering at high temperature to obtain the ceramic microsphere.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, the spherical blank firstly releases the organic polymer binder at low temperature, and then is sintered at high temperature to obtain the ceramic microspheres with uniform performance.
Specifically, the diameter of the ceramic microspheres is between 0.3 mm and 0.7 mm.
Further, according to the preparation method of the ceramic microsphere provided by the invention, a specific example is listed as follows:
a. mixing ceramic material powder such as alumina micropowder and high molecular binder such as high density polyethylene at a weight ratio of 85:15, adding a small amount of coupling agent, and stirring in a kneader or an internal mixer to form uniform ceramic feed;
b. heating and extruding the ceramic feed in an extruder, and cutting to obtain a cylindrical section with the diameter of 0.8 mm and the height of 0.8 mm to form a cylindrical blank;
c. gradually grinding the cylindrical green body from a cylinder shape into a spherical green body under the action of a grinding disc, and rounding to form the spherical green body;
d. the spherical blank body is de-bonded and sintered at high temperature to obtain alumina ceramic microspheres with the diameter of about 0.4 mm; the density of the alumina ceramic microspheres is 3.8g/cm3。
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of ceramic microspheres is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps of,
1) mixing ceramic raw material powder and a high-molecular binder in proportion, and adding a small amount of coupling agent to form a ceramic feed, wherein the mixing weight ratio of the ceramic raw material powder to the high-molecular binder is 4:1 to 8:1, the ceramic raw material powder is alumina micropowder, and the high-molecular binder is high-density polyethylene;
2) heating and extruding the ceramic feed in a vacuum injection molding machine or an extruder, and cutting a cylindrical blank;
3) rolling and grinding the cylindrical green body into a spherical green body;
4) and de-bonding the spherical blank and sintering at high temperature to obtain the ceramic microsphere.
2. The method for preparing ceramic microspheres according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), the ceramic raw material powder and the polymer binder are stirred and mixed in a kneader to form uniform ceramic feed.
3. The method for preparing ceramic microspheres according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), the ceramic raw material powder and the high molecular binder are stirred and mixed in an internal mixer to form uniform ceramic feed.
4. The method for preparing ceramic microspheres according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the cylindrical blank in the step 2) is between 0.5 and 1.5 mm, and the height of the column is between 0.5 and 1.5 mm.
5. The method for preparing ceramic microspheres according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the ceramic microspheres in the step 4) is between 0.3 and 0.7 mm.
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| CN110126069A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-16 | 姚光纯 | The molding device and method of sphere |
| CN113182182B (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2022-09-27 | 湖南杰瑞精密陶瓷有限公司 | Method and device for automatically screening and mixing ceramic powder |
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